CN102683718A - Bipolar plate for fuel cell - Google Patents
Bipolar plate for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102683718A CN102683718A CN2012101464184A CN201210146418A CN102683718A CN 102683718 A CN102683718 A CN 102683718A CN 2012101464184 A CN2012101464184 A CN 2012101464184A CN 201210146418 A CN201210146418 A CN 201210146418A CN 102683718 A CN102683718 A CN 102683718A
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- reaction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bipolar plate for a fuel cell. A reaction runner for transmitting reaction gas is arranged on a reaction face of the bipolar plate, a heat radiating surface is arranged at the back of the reaction face, and two ends of the reaction runner are respectively provided with a through hole which is used for communicating the reaction face with the heat radiating face, so that gas enters the reaction runner at the reaction face via the through hole from the heat radiating face and returns to the heat radiating face from the through hole at the other end of the reaction runner. By means of arranging the through holes, the reaction gas (such as hydrogen, oxygen or air) enters the reaction runner on the reaction face via the through hole from the heat radiating face of the bipolar plate, instead of entering the reaction runner from a position between the bipolar plate and a membrane electrode, so that a metal bridge required for connecting a gas input/output channel with an inlet/outlet of the reaction runner in the prior art is removed, meanwhile, the sealing reliability between the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode is enhanced, the probability of secondary pollution of the membrane electrode is reduced, a production process is simplified and the cost of the fuel cell is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fuel cell field, be specifically related to a kind of bipolar plates that is used for fuel cell.
Background technology
The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology is a kind of clean energy technology that the electric energy that hydrogen and oxygen are produced when electrochemical reaction takes place is utilized.Because its power density is big, working temperature is low, battery structure is simple, pressure is changed characteristics such as insensitive, has obtained common attention in the world, its product also progresses into market.
The electrolyte of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is a PEM, and at present widely used is the Nafion series perfluoro sulfonic acid membrane that E.I.Du Pont Company produces.The effect of film is dual, as electrolyte the hydrogen ion passage is provided, and isolates polarization response gas as barrier film.Optimizing ion and the water transmission performance and the suitable water management of film, is the key that guarantees battery performance.In the both sides of barrier film, one deck catalyst layer is arranged respectively.Catalyst mainly is made up of Pt/C, in Catalytic Layer, adds Nafion solution again, to increase proton conduction performance and Catalytic Layer and electrolytical contact performance.Catalytic Layer is the fuel cell gas zone.In the both sides of Catalytic Layer, one deck gas diffusion layers is respectively arranged, main effect is that the conduction, gas of supporter, inside battery as Catalytic Layer is in the distribution of electrode surface, the discharge of product etc.At present, the material of diffusion layer mainly is carbon paper, carbon cloth or wire netting.The porosity of diffusion layer, hydrophobic property, thickness and component have very big influence to fuel battery performance.The several variablees of this of diffusion layer all are to influence fuel cell performance interrelatedly.Porosity helps the diffusion of gas greatly, but excessive then distribution of gas is uneven, the water blockoff phenomenon takes place easily.In general hydrophobicity is high better, too highly will make that pore size distribution is uneven, processing cost is too high.Dielectric film, Catalytic Layer and gas diffusion layers mutual group become membrane electrode (MEA).
In the both sides of membrane electrode, a bipolar plates is respectively arranged, its effect is electric current collection and transmission, distribution of gas and heat management.At present mainly use graphite to be material, but its price is high, density is big, and, has increased the weight and volume of pile because the fragility of graphite can not be done very thinly.So each researcher is also seeking the substitute of graphite, such as conductive plastics, stainless steel etc.On bipolar plates, all be carved with gas flow, purpose is to make reacting gas can be uniformly distributed in the entire electrode surface.The shape of gas flow is a lot, the runner that more commonly crawls (seeing U.S. Patent number 6099984).On bipolar plates, also gas input passage must be arranged, fuel cell external reaction gas evenly is diverted to the bipolar plates of each monocell through gas input passage; After cell reaction finished, remaining tail gas will get into the gas passing away from monocell separately, was discharged to the outside and discharging of fuel cell again or carried out recycle, and the runner that gets into bipolar plates through gas input passage is once more participated in reaction.
All can not be in fuel cell reaction hydrogen and the oxygen/air reaction zone in gas I/O passage and on bipolar plates to battery/pile external leakage; So the seal of different shape is arranged on bipolar plates; Such as being sealing ring, the sealing gasket of material by silicon rubber or Teflon rubber, or various corrosion resistant fluid sealant.Therefore in order to guarantee strict air-proof condition,, supporter or the gap bridge of hard material as soft encapsulant must be arranged in the junction, runner import/export of gas I/O passage and bipolar plates.This hard material thickness is 0.05-0.3mm, and length is more than the 2mm, and width is 0.5-5mm, is generally metal such as nickel, stainless steel etc., its requirement on machining accuracy height (± 0.02mm), the battery assembly technology is complicated, has increased the production cost of fuel cell.And in the fuel cell operation environment, the metal support or the corrosion easily of passing a bridge cause the pollution of membrane electrode, and the phenomenon that leaks air easily herein.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the runner import/export junction of existing fuel cell in gas I/O passage and bipolar plates; The shortcoming of hard material as the supporter or the gap bridge of soft encapsulant must be arranged; Provide a kind of and can remove this supporter or gap bridge, can also guarantee the bipolar plates of air seal simultaneously.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose adopts is:
A kind of bipolar plates that is used for fuel cell; Reaction surface in bipolar plates is provided with the reaction runner that is used to transmit reacting gas; The back side of reaction surface is radiating surface; Two ends at the reaction runner are respectively equipped with through hole, through through hole reaction surface are communicated with radiating surface, make gas return radiating surface from the through hole of the reaction runner other end by radiating surface again through the reaction runner that through hole gets into reaction surface.
Further, said reaction runner is snakelike or through-type.
Further, the radiating surface in bipolar plates is carved with the groove of gas being sent into or exported through hole.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention is through being provided with through hole on bipolar plates; Make reacting gas (like hydrogen, oxygen or air) change the gas flow that gets into reaction surface by the radiating surface via through holes of bipolar plates again; And need not be from getting into gas flow between bipolar plates and the membrane electrode; Thereby removed the needed metal of existing gas I/O passage and junction, gas flow import/export and passed a bridge, increased the reliability that seals between bipolar plates and the membrane electrode simultaneously, reduce the chance that membrane electrode is secondary polluted; Simplify production technology, reduce the fuel cell cost.Gas earlier gets into through hole through groove again, better control gaseous fluidised form, the impulse force of buffer gas.
Description of drawings
The horizontal A-A face sectional view of the pile that Fig. 1 is made up of a monocell.
Fig. 2 is the transverse view of pile.
Fig. 3 is vertical D-D face profile of pile.
Fig. 4 is vertical B-B face profile of pile.
Fig. 5 is the radiating surface of hydrogen reaction plate.
Fig. 6 is the reaction surface of hydrogen reaction plate.
Fig. 7 is the radiating surface of oxygen/air reaction plate.
Fig. 8 is the reaction surface of oxygen/air reaction plate.
Fig. 9 is the profile of oxygen/air reaction plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is explained further details.
The view in transverse section of the pile that Fig. 1 is made up of a monocell.Among the figure, the 1st, the end plate of pile also can be the heating panel of hydrogen simultaneously, can be made up of graphite cake, corrosion resistant plate or nylon sheet.The 2nd, the hydrogen reaction plate; It is the bipolar plates of anode-side; Can be metallic plates such as carbon plate or stainless steel, being close to membrane electrode 4 one sides in bipolar plates be reaction surface, on reaction surface, is furnished with the reaction runner 11 of hydrogen; The one side that contacts with the pile end plate is a radiating surface, on radiating surface, is provided with heat dissipation channel 10.On reaction surface, also be provided with seal groove 3; Insert seal groove 3 with reaction surface and membrane electrode sealing with encapsulant; This releases from reaction surface and membrane electrode to prevent to react hydrogen in the runner, and encapsulant can be sealing ring, sealing gasket or other encapsulant of silicon rubber or Teflon material.The 6th, the oxygen/air reaction plate, promptly the bipolar plates of cathode side is same; It is reaction surface that bipolar plates is close to membrane electrode 4 one sides; Establish the reaction runner 9 of oxygen/air on this reaction surface, its face that contacts with oxygen/air heating panel 7 is a radiating surface, and oxygen/air heating panel 7 also can be to replace with end plate; Can adopt metallic plate such as stainless steel, graphite cake or nylon sheet village material to process, on this radiating surface, be furnished with the heat dissipation channel 8 of oxygen/air.
Fig. 2 is the transverse view of pile; The 13rd, the air inlet of oxygen/air; Be provided with same gas outlet 13 at the face relative with it; The size of air inlet/gas outlet by the flow of oxygen/air with and pressure reduction decision in runner, air inlet links to each other with external oxygen/air delivery passage respectively with the gas outlet.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of pile.As can be seen from the figure; Be provided with through hole 14 at oxygen/air reaction plate 6; Through hole 14 is connected air inlet or gas outlet 13 with the reaction runner 9 of oxygen/air; Oxygen/air gets into via through holes by air inlet and sends into reaction runner 9, and the through hole that links to each other from the other end with reaction runner 9 again is discharged to outside batteries through the gas outlet, and air inlet and gas outlet are to be close to the passage that the back forms by groove and oxygen/air heating panel 7 at oxygen/air reaction plate 6.Because the air inlet of oxygen/air and radiating surface one side that the gas outlet all is arranged on bipolar plates; Get into reaction surface again from the radiating surface via through holes; Rather than existingly directly between bipolar plates and membrane electrode, get into, therefore in oxygen/air air inlet, place, gas outlet, the existence that need not pass a bridge; Also guarantee the reliability that seals between reaction surface and the membrane electrode, and reduced the cost of raw material and processing cost.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of pile.Among the figure, the 12nd, the transfer passage of hydrogen, the 16th, encapsulant.Its shape can be square, circle or oval, and size is determined by hydrogen flowing quantity.Hydrogen reaction plate 2 is carved with groove 19; After being close to, itself and pile end plate 1 can form the passage of carrying gas; Also be provided with through hole 20 at hydrogen reaction plate 2; One end of groove 19 send passage 12 to link to each other with the conveying of hydrogen is logical, and the other end of groove 19 links to each other with through hole 20, and through hole 20 is connected to the inlet end and the outlet side of the reaction runner 11 of hydrogen.The 17th, the encapsulant between hydrogen reaction plate 2 and pile end plate 1 guarantees that hydrogen can not pass through here to the battery external leakage.Hydrogen is through transfer passage 12, gets into the reaction runner of reaction surfaces from groove 19 and through hole 20, after the reaction, gets into transfer passages 12 via through hole 20 and groove 19, thus with exhaust emissions outside battery.This design; When hydrogen gets into reaction runner (perhaps being discharged to the gas output channel from the reaction runner) from gas input/passage, be not between hydrogen reaction plate and membrane electrode, to get into, but the through hole on bipolar plates get into; Therefore; The existence that need not pass a bridge has guaranteed the reliability of sealing, and has reduced raw-material cost and processing cost.
Fig. 5 is the radiating surface of hydrogen reaction plate.Be carved with through-type heat radiation runner 10 on this face; Its shape is consistent with the heat radiation runner on the pile end plate 1; Width also with heating panel on the heat radiation runner consistent, its degree of depth can be different, size also is by the decision of the kind of heat eliminating medium and flow; After hydrogen reaction plate 2 and pile end plate 1 be close to, can form the transfer passage of refrigerating gas.
Fig. 6 is the reaction surface of hydrogen reaction plate.Be designed with snakelike reaction runner 11 on this face, flow channel shape also can be through-type or other.Size can be seen the existence of not passing a bridge on the ejecting plate by the pressure reduction decision of the flow and the stroke of hydrogen.
Fig. 7 is the radiating surface of oxygen/air reaction plate.This face is provided with through-type heat radiation runner 8; Its shape is consistent with the heat radiation runner on the oxygen/air heating panel 7; Width also with heating panel on the heat radiation runner consistent, its degree of depth can be different, size also is by the decision of the kind of heat eliminating medium and flow; After oxygen/air reaction plate 2 and oxygen/air heating panel 7 be close to, can form the transfer passage of refrigerating gas.
Fig. 8 is the reaction surface of oxygen/air reaction plate.Be designed with through-type reaction runner 10 on this face, flow channel shape also can be to crawl or other.Size is by the pressure reduction decision of the flow and the stroke of oxygen/air.Can see the existence of not passing a bridge on the ejecting plate.
Fig. 9 is the profile of oxygen/air reaction plate.Can find out gas inlet and outlet junction, the existence of not passing a bridge.
Claims (3)
1. bipolar plates that is used for fuel cell; Reaction surface in bipolar plates is provided with the reaction runner that is used to transmit reacting gas; The back side of reaction surface is radiating surface; It is characterized in that: the two ends at the reaction runner are respectively equipped with through hole, through through hole reaction surface are communicated with radiating surface, make gas return radiating surface from the through hole of the reaction runner other end by radiating surface again through the reaction runner that through hole gets into reaction surface.
2. according to the said bipolar plates that is used for fuel cell of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said reaction runner is snakelike or through-type.
3. according to the said bipolar plates that is used for fuel cell of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the radiating surface in bipolar plates is carved with the groove of gas being sent into or exported through hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101464184A CN102683718A (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2012-05-14 | Bipolar plate for fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101464184A CN102683718A (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2012-05-14 | Bipolar plate for fuel cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102683718A true CN102683718A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2012101464184A Pending CN102683718A (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2012-05-14 | Bipolar plate for fuel cell |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103762373A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-04-30 | 天津大学 | Cathode structure of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| WO2014206237A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | 武汉众宇动力***科技有限公司 | Pem fuel cell pack |
| CN106876744A (en) * | 2017-03-19 | 2017-06-20 | 李忠 | Hydrogen fuel cell, automobile and unmanned plane |
| WO2017181533A1 (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-26 | 武汉众宇动力***科技有限公司 | Pem fuel cell stack, and flow field plate assembly for same |
| CN111048799A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-21 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Fuel cell structure |
| CN111224136A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-06-02 | 绍兴俊吉能源科技有限公司 | Graphene cold proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
| CN111326762A (en) * | 2018-12-15 | 2020-06-23 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Fuel cell bipolar plate, fuel cell stack and fuel cell system |
| CN114254248A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-03-29 | 南京大学 | Testing method and device suitable for fuel cell membrane electrode and storage medium |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1862859A (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2006-11-15 | 南京大学 | Bipolar plate runner of fuel cell |
| CN101217200A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2008-07-09 | 重庆宗申技术开发研究有限公司 | A detachable independently sealed fuel battery |
-
2012
- 2012-05-14 CN CN2012101464184A patent/CN102683718A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1862859A (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2006-11-15 | 南京大学 | Bipolar plate runner of fuel cell |
| CN101217200A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2008-07-09 | 重庆宗申技术开发研究有限公司 | A detachable independently sealed fuel battery |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014206237A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | 武汉众宇动力***科技有限公司 | Pem fuel cell pack |
| CN104253277A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | 武汉众宇动力***科技有限公司 | PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell stack |
| CN103762373B (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2016-08-17 | 天津大学 | The cathode construction of one proton exchanging film fuel battery |
| CN103762373A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-04-30 | 天津大学 | Cathode structure of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| WO2017181533A1 (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-26 | 武汉众宇动力***科技有限公司 | Pem fuel cell stack, and flow field plate assembly for same |
| CN106876744A (en) * | 2017-03-19 | 2017-06-20 | 李忠 | Hydrogen fuel cell, automobile and unmanned plane |
| CN111326762A (en) * | 2018-12-15 | 2020-06-23 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Fuel cell bipolar plate, fuel cell stack and fuel cell system |
| CN111224136B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2022-09-02 | 绍兴俊吉能源科技有限公司 | Graphene cold proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
| CN111224136A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-06-02 | 绍兴俊吉能源科技有限公司 | Graphene cold proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
| CN111048799A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-21 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Fuel cell structure |
| CN111048799B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-08-03 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Fuel cell structure |
| CN114254248A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-03-29 | 南京大学 | Testing method and device suitable for fuel cell membrane electrode and storage medium |
| CN114254248B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-10 | 南京大学 | Testing method and device suitable for fuel cell membrane electrode and computer readable storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |