CN102672435A - Integral forming method for thin-walled titanium alloy part with irregularly-shaped curved surface and die - Google Patents
Integral forming method for thin-walled titanium alloy part with irregularly-shaped curved surface and die Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of sheet metal and welding processing, and relates to an integral forming method for a thin-walled titanium alloy part with an irregularly-shaped curved surface. The integral forming method aims at overcoming the defects that the shape of parts processed through the prior art is limited or the procedure and the cost are higher, and effectively ensuring the precision forming of a thin-walled component with an irregular shape. The integral forming method comprises the steps as follows: a parting surface is determined; blanking is carried out; in the preforming step, a plate is bent from a flat into a circular arc through a bending die or a bending machine; welding is carried out; in the hot shaping step, a hot shaping die is put in the inner part of a part that is processed through the assembly welding under the ordinary temperature, and the part is supported tightly due to the dead weight of the die and is heated in a hot shaping machine; and in addition, a pressing machine applies pressure to the hot shaping die when the part is heated until material is softened, so as to enable the part to reach the needed size. The integral forming method comprehensively utilizes the advantages of various processes, can obtain the large-sized thin-walled titanium alloy part with the irregularly-shaped curved surface through only two weld joints, and achieves higher surface quality of the part.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to panel beating and field of welding processing, relate to a kind of special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part integral forming method and mould, be applicable to the precision form of Aero-Space with special-shaped curved constitutional details of metal material such as titanium alloys.
Background technology
Metal materials such as titanium alloy have become the ideal structure material in the Aero-Space leading-edge field owing to have intensity height, outstanding advantage such as high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant.Current, the lightweight of Aerospace Products parts forward, integrated direction development, increasing employing large scale complicated abnormal shape curved surface thin-wall member, such design of part is irregular contour, like polygon or special-shaped curved.Because the titanium alloy performance characteristics, resilience is serious behind the cold-press moulding; Because the non-regular contour structures characteristics of such part can't use processes such as conventional volume circle, spinning to solve; And need use many cover coupling moulds when adopting the ordinary hot process for stamping to be shaped, and can only sectional forming, also need carry out hot school shape behind the each several part assembly welding to guarantee dimensional accuracy, processing cost is higher, and efficient is lower.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part integral forming method and mould that can guarantee the precision form of non-regular slim body wall member effectively in order to overcome part profile limited or the operation and the higher shortcoming of cost of prior art processing.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is:
A kind of special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part integral forming method comprises the steps:
The first step is confirmed die joint: confirm die joint according to part shape to be processed and size, and the part separated into two parts, and definite assembly welding position;
The second step blanking: calculate two-part development size, adopt numerical control dash or laser cutting method under the assembly material, and remove burr;
The 3rd step preform: sheet material is bent into circular arc by dull and stereotyped state through bending die or bender;
The welding of the 4th step: two circular arc assembled after will bending adopt Laser Welding weldering longitudinal joint on Clamp for welding, be welded into one-piece parts;
The 5th step hot forming: at normal temperatures that the part that hot-forming die is put into behind the assembly welding is inner, the deadweight of pattern tool is with the part stretching and be placed in the hot former and heat; When part is heated to the material softening state, forcing press is exerted pressure to hot-forming die, makes part reach required size.
Aforesaid a kind of special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part integral forming method, wherein: said hot-forming die is made up of first module, second module, three module, four module and core, and the structure of four module formations is identical with the interior profile of part; Core is positioned at the structure that four modules constitute, and is used to regulate the gap of four intermodules.
Aforesaid a kind of special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part integral forming method; Wherein: in said the 5th step hot forming; Inner the part that four modules of hot-forming die are put into behind the assembly welding in order; Put into core in the middle of four modules of combination, thereby rely on the gravity of core to strut four modules of combination the part stretching, make the straightway of part and four modules not have the gap during stretching; When part is heated to the material softening state, exert pressure to core with forcing press, thereby strut four modules, take out core behind the part of acquisition required size, take out four modules again.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. this method can overcome part profile limited or the operation and the higher shortcoming of cost of prior art processing, guarantees the precision form of non-regular slim body wall member effectively.The part quality controllability and the good stability that process, highly versatile, passing rate of processing is high.
2. the method through adopting blank to divide two halves preform → Laser Welding assembly welding → hot forming to hold concurrently school shape has fully utilized the advantage of each technology, only needs a twice weld seam can obtain Large Size Special Shaped curved surface titanium alloy thin wall part, and surface quality of workpieces is higher.
3. two sections blanks of titanium alloy adopt Laser Welding to carry out assembly welding, and the post welding distortion amount is little, satisfies assembling and the intensity and the required precision of subsequent thermal shaping dies.
4. the present invention only adopts the mobilizable distinguish finishing die of a cover can obtain final part, has reduced die cost.
5. through control core drafts and the dwell time, the part behind the assembly welding is carried out the hot forming hot school shape of holding concurrently simultaneously, reduce hot procedure and time, and guaranteed the destressing of special-shaped curved part postwelding and each spot size requirement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part overall thermal shaping dies provided by the invention and part assembly drawing;
Fig. 2 is the front view of special-shaped curved part;
Fig. 3 is the side view of special-shaped curved part;
Fig. 4 is the upward view of special-shaped curved part;
Fig. 5 is blank development size (pressing A section spread material among Fig. 2);
Fig. 6 is blank development size (pressing B section spread material among Fig. 2);
Wherein, 1, first module, 2, second module, 3, three module, 4, four module and 5, core.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment a kind of special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part integral forming method provided by the invention is introduced:
A kind of special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part integral forming method comprises the steps:
The first step is confirmed die joint: confirm die joint according to part shape to be processed and size, and the part separated into two parts, and definite assembly welding position, the assembly welding position is avoided getting final product at the position, turning;
The second step blanking: calculate two-part development size, adopt numerical control dash or laser cutting method under the assembly material, and remove burr;
The 3rd step preform: sheet material is bent into circular arc by dull and stereotyped state through bending die or bender;
The welding of the 4th step: two circular arc assembled after will bending adopt Laser Welding weldering longitudinal joint on Clamp for welding, be welded into one-piece parts;
The 5th step hot forming: at normal temperatures that the part that hot-forming die is put into behind the assembly welding is inner, the deadweight of pattern tool is with the part stretching and be placed in the hot former and heat; When part is heated to the material softening state, forcing press is exerted pressure to hot-forming die, makes part reach required size.The part heating-up temperature is set according to the part material kind.
As shown in Figure 1, when the part hot forming, can make the valving die of following mode:
Hot-forming die is made up of first module 1, second module 2, three module 3, four module 4 and core 5, and the structure that module 1~4 constitutes is identical with the interior profile of part; Core 5 is positioned at the structure that four modules constitute, and is used to regulate the gap of four intermodules.
When hot forming; Inner the part that module 1~4 is put into behind the assembly welding in order; Put into core 5 in the middle of four modules of combination, thereby rely on the gravity of core 5 to strut four modules of combination the part stretching, make the straightway of part and four modules not have the gap during stretching; When part is heated to the material softening state, exert pressure for core 5 with forcing press, thereby strut four modules, take out core behind the part of acquisition required size, take out four modules again.
Nozzle part with the titanium alloy trapezoid cross section shown in Fig. 2-4 is that example specifies, and material is the thick TA15 titanium alloy of 1.8mm, and arc radius is respectively R80mm and R40mm, and large end face is of a size of 948 * 641mm, and small end face is of a size of 660 * 400mm.
Concrete processing step is following:
The first step is confirmed die joint: according to special-shaped curved part shape and size the part separated into two parts, shown in A, B among Fig. 2.
The second step blanking: calculate two-part development size, be respectively A, B section spread material size like Fig. 5, shown in 6, adopt numerical control dash or laser cutting method under the assembly material, and remove burr.
The 3rd step preform: on forcing press, sheet material is bent into preliminary circular arc in desired location by dull and stereotyped state through bending die; Because resilience is more serious after the titanium alloy cold forming; This moment, the arc radius size was about R80~R100mm, required still to have big gap from the part final size.
The 4th step laser weld longitudinal joint: to two workpiece after bending and welding wire pickling, clean up and be placed in the drying oven 100~150 ℃ and dried 20~30 minutes down before the welding.With rotatable wire brush and scraper polished in the weld zone, and use the acetone scrub, keep the weld zone cleaning before the weldering.Workpiece is assemblied in to compress on the jig longitudinal joint and welding gun run trace are overlapped.Start protective gas, according to evenly more solid in welded joints 3~4 points of assembling situation, welding guarantees that the appearance of weld good transition is smooth, is welded into two workpiece the conical part of sealing.
The 5th step hot forming school shape of holding concurrently: on the irregular part that welds, evenly be coated with antioxidation protection coating Ti-1
#, the hot forming segmental mandrel is supporting by numbering.As shown in Figure 1, at normal temperatures the hot forming module 1~4 of distinguish and core 5 are put into part 6 inside behind the assembly welding in order, the pattern tool is conducted oneself with dignity the part stretching, and this moment, composite module 1~4 end face was parallel, and core 5 exceeds the about 20mm of composite module 1~4 end face.Put into the hot former heating, reach soft state when part is heated to 750 ℃, this moment, forcing press was depressed, thereby to the hot forming module 1~4 that the core 5 of centre is exerted pressure and strutted distinguish, made part 6 reach the dimensional requirement shown in Fig. 2-4.
Claims (4)
1. a special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part integral forming method comprises the steps:
The first step is confirmed die joint: confirm die joint according to part shape to be processed and size, and the part separated into two parts, and definite assembly welding position;
The second step blanking: calculate two-part development size, adopt numerical control dash or laser cutting method under the assembly material, and remove burr;
The 3rd step preform: sheet material is bent into circular arc by dull and stereotyped state through bending die or bender;
The welding of the 4th step: two circular arc assembled after will bending adopt Laser Welding weldering longitudinal joint on Clamp for welding, be welded into one-piece parts;
The 5th step hot forming: at normal temperatures that the part that hot-forming die is put into behind the assembly welding is inner, the deadweight of pattern tool is with the part stretching and be placed in the hot former and heat; When part is heated to the material softening state, forcing press is exerted pressure to hot-forming die, makes part reach required size.
2. a kind of special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part integral forming method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said hot-forming die is made up of first module (1), second module (2), three module (3), four module (4) and core (5), and the structure that module (1~4) constitutes is identical with the interior profile of part; Core (5) is positioned at the structure that module (1~4) constitutes, and is used for the gap between adjustment module (1~4).
3. a kind of special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part integral forming method according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: in said the 5th step hot forming; Put into part (6) inside behind the assembly welding to the module of hot-forming die (1~4) in order; Put into core (5) in the middle of the module (1~4) of combination, the gravity that relies on core (5) the module (1~4) of combination thus strut part (6) stretching, make the straightway and the no gap of module (1~4) of part (6) during stretching; When part is heated to the material softening state, exert pressure for core (5) with forcing press, thereby the module of strutting (1~4) is taken out core (5) behind the part of acquisition required size, takes out module (1~4) again.
4. a special-shaped curved titanium alloy thin wall part hot-forming die is made up of first module (1), second module (2), three module (3), four module (4) and core (5), and the structure that module (1~4) constitutes is identical with the interior profile of part; Core (5) is positioned at the structure that module (1~4) constitutes, and is used for the gap between adjustment module (1~4).
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