CN102669483A - Mixed plant protein fish feed as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Mixed plant protein fish feed as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102669483A CN102669483A CN2012101884689A CN201210188468A CN102669483A CN 102669483 A CN102669483 A CN 102669483A CN 2012101884689 A CN2012101884689 A CN 2012101884689A CN 201210188468 A CN201210188468 A CN 201210188468A CN 102669483 A CN102669483 A CN 102669483A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed plant protein fish feed as well as a preparation method and an application of the mixed plant protein fish feed. The mixed plant protein fish feed is prepared from the following raw materials by fermenting: a mixture of rapeseed meals and cotton meals, a bacillus subtilis fermenting solution, an enterococcus faecalis fermenting solution, an Aspergillus niger fermenting solution, a brewing yeast fermenting solution and an inorganic salt. The mixed plant protein fish feed is obtained by mixing and fermenting four bacteria including bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, Aspergillus niger and a brewing yeast, so that an enzyme system is complete, the fermenting efficiency and the conversion are high, and the other-bacteria resisting capability is strong. The rapeseed meals and the cotton meals are mixed and are fermented and a material amino acid is more balanced; and the cost of raw materials is lower than that of the soybean meals. The yields of small peptides and free amino acids of the mixed plant protein fish feed can reach to 15.5% and 0.94%, respectively; and the removing rates of phytic acid, tannin and gossypol can reach to 87%, 78.2% and 100%, respectively. A fish feeding test result shows that after the mixed plant protein fish feed partially replaces fish powder or the rapeseed meals in the feed, the growth of fish can be obviously accelerated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fish meal; Relate in particular to mixed plant albumen fish meal of processing by the assorted dregs of rice and multiple microbial strains mixed culture fermentation and preparation method thereof; The invention still further relates to of the application of this mixed plant albumen fish meal, belong to the raw material of aquatic product feed stuff field as fish meal.
Background technology
The whole world increases the consumption of aquatic products year by year, and diet structure changes.And that global ocean is fished for is limited, and the supply of aquatic products is main with aquaculture product.China is the maximum aquaculture big country in the whole world, and the aquatic products total output accounts for 35% of the whole world, and wherein aquaculture product output accounts for 70% of the whole world.When the aquatic products consumption demand increased fast, the breed water resource of China was on a declining curve.And to satisfy the aquatic products growth of requirement, inevitable is main to propagate artificially, thereby more effectively the existing water resource of culturing is used.Propagate artificially and depend on feed, then strengthened demand the quality and quantity of aquatic feeds.
Raw material of aquatic product feed stuff mainly contains six big modules such as animal protein raw material, plant protein material, starch materials, grease class raw material and mineral matter class raw material.Key this six big module in feed formula that ensures feeding quality can both be protected; Especially animal protein raw material module is protected; And the eurythmy between each module; Feeding quality is based upon on the high-quality feed raw material combination, and does not pay close attention to the requirement whether nutritive index in the feed reaches forage standard merely, pay close attention to high-quality feed raw material combination effect more.
But the good digestive utilization ratio of animal protein raw material amino acid balance property is high, has good culture efficiency, is the central factor of the aquatic product matched feed inherent quality of decision, so in mixed feed, will keep the animal protein raw material of certain kind and quantity.In the different animals protein raw materials, from the nutritive value of animal protein raw materials self with to the culture efficiency overall merit of fish, fish meal is best animal protein raw material.Fish meal is as the quality-advantage of high-quality protein raw material, shows mainly that amino acid balance property is good, digestive utilization ratio is high, contains abundant high unsaturated fatty acid in the grease, contains abundant trace element and macroelement, to the cultivated animals good palatability and certain food calling effect is arranged, the health of cultivated animals is had good maintenance effect, contains unknown somatomedin etc.Yet fish meal belongs to resource products, and its price is influenced by natural resources, relation between market supply and demand and capital propagation etc. often to occur fluctuating widely, thereby the using priciple of fish meal is " in the acceptable scope of feed cost, using fish meal to greatest extent ".In the basic research of aquatic livestock nutrition and feed, application technical research, the substitution problem of fish meal is eternal problem.When actual feed is prepared; Need the aspect to consider fish meal to be substituted (the abundantest also cheapness in natural plant protein source from the protein raw material inherent quality with what raw material; But because nutrition is balanced inadequately and have some ANFs; So also just is part alternative in research at present)? The different breeding animal to the rigid demand of fish meal what are (this kind difference is too big) and can use different alternative materials to substitute the fish meal of how many ratios (variety classes has the different ratios that substitute; In fact use various albumen and grease to wait to substitute fish meal in the present feed formula on the maximum basically amount; Are these raw material substitution amounts of just handling without biofermentation effective)? Substitute and which quality problems to occur behind the fish meal and how to avoid? Consider from the value system angle; How does different material calculate the cost performance of fish meal? How is the usability price ratio confirmed alternative reality and alternative ratio to fish meal? Fish meal is the best animal protein raw material of integrated culture effect; Single raw material, single aspect alternative is difficult to the effect that reaches desirable; Need to adopt multi-angle, different aspect, systematic comprehensive replacement scheme, carry out research and analysis long-term, multi-angle to above these problems.
The vegetable protein raw material is the primary raw material of aquatic feeds, and its use amount accounts for about 50% of mixed feed total amount.So the quality of vegetable protein raw material is the principal element of decision feeding quality.Dregs of beans is that quality is best in the vegetable protein raw material, but recent discovering, excessive use dregs of beans has damaging action to the fish intestinal mucosa in fish feed, comprises the structural and functional to intestinal mucosa; Because the existence of physiological " intestines-liver axle " is arranged between enteron aisle and the liver pancreas; After the enteron aisle excessive damage; The physiological of enteron aisle and structural barrier destroy, and the permeability of enteron aisle significantly increases, and enteron aisle produces significantly increase and entering blood such as cell factor and inflammatory mediator (like TNF, interleukins); Enteric bacteria and endotoxin translocation cause fish liver pancreas and the damage of other organ-tissues, have influence on culture efficiency.So the use amount of dregs of beans in aquatic feeds need be controlled, dregs of beans has good growth and prevents effect under effective use amount.
In the nineties in last century, what China used is the feed scheme of high fish meal, high dregs of beans, though dregs of beans is best aspect trophic level, the balance of nutrients in plant protein material, also is that price is the highest.Using cotton dregs, the combination of the dish dregs of rice to realize reducing the use amount of dregs of beans under the complementary situation of nutrient, increase the use amount of cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, vacate the feed formula cost space, use a certain amount of fish meal, adopt the feed formula scheme of fish meal+high dish dregs of rice of high cotton dregs.
Little peptide is also claimed oligopeptides, little peptide, small peptide, generally is made up of 2～3 amino acid.The final digestion product major part of protein in alimentary canal is little peptide but not free amino acid, little Toplink intactly be absorbed and with two, the tripeptides form advances the circulation of people's liquid, they have important effect in proteinaceous nutrient.At present, existing part small peptide compound is applied to fields such as medicine, cosmetics, health products, flavouring, animal feed additive, and its demand is also increasing.For satisfying social needs, reduce product cost, the research of producing little peptide through chemical method is increasing at present, except the little peptide of part itself has the effects such as its medicine, food; Other little peptides also can be used as the modification structure of some medicines; Thereby can reduce toxic and side effect, though raising drug absorption and drug effect utilization rate active small peptide have multiple biologically active, and efficient, safety; But, can't be widely applied to food and field of medicaments because the production cost of the functional small peptide of pure article is too high.Therefore make new advances through the exploitation of means such as chemical synthesis and bio-transformation, line of products is imperative efficiently.
The existing assorted prepared plant protein fodder of dregs of rice fermentation technique adopts single bacterium or two bacterial classification mixed culture fermentations to handle the assorted dregs of rice more; Enzyme system is more single, and fermenting speed is slow, and the dregs of beans cost of material is higher; Restricted by cost; And the single dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs amino acid imbalance are unfavorable for applying.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention provides a kind of vegetable protein fish meal of being processed by the assorted dregs of rice and multiple microbial strains mixed culture fermentation;
Two of the object of the invention provides a kind of preparation method who prepares said vegetable protein fish meal;
Three of the object of the invention is in fish culture with described vegetable protein fish feed applications.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of mixed plant albumen fish meal comprises that following fermenting raw materials processes: the mixture of the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs, bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) zymotic fluid, enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) zymotic fluid, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) zymotic fluid, saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) zymotic fluid and inorganic salts.
In order to reach better effect; By mass percentage; The consumption of each raw material is preferably: bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) zymotic fluid 8%～12%, enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) zymotic fluid 12%～18%, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) zymotic fluid 8%～12%, saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) zymotic fluid 3%～7%, inorganic salts 0.1-1%, surplus is the mixture of the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs.
Preferred; The consumption of each raw material is: bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) zymotic fluid 10%, enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) zymotic fluid 15%, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) zymotic fluid 10%, saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) zymotic fluid 5%, inorganic salts 0.2%, surplus is the mixture of the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs.
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) can self be synthesized the digestibility enzyme, like protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase etc., in alimentary canal, plays a role jointly with endogenous enzymes, improves feed digestibility; Bacillus subtilis can be synthesized multivitamin, improves the activity of interior interferon of animal body and macrophage; Bacillus subtilis can stimulate growing of animal immune organ, and activated lymphocyte improves immunoglobulin (Ig) and antibody horizontal, strengthens cellular immunity and humoral immune function, improves herd immunity.
Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) has the stronger enzyme system of various active; Like CX enzyme, amylase, acid protease etc.; Can be the nutrient that animal is prone to digestibility and utilization with the macromolecular compound Degradation and Transformation such as cellulose in the raw material, and essential sugar, amino acid etc. are provided for geotrichum candidum, saccharomycete.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) contains materials such as rich in protein, B family vitamin, amino acid; Protein supplements as fish feed; It can promote growing of fish, shortens feeding period, and can strengthen the resistance against diseases of fish.
Wherein, described inorganic salts are preferably potassium dihydrogen phosphate; The mixture Chinese food dregs of rice of the said dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs and the mass ratio of cotton dregs are preferably 4-6: 4-6; More preferably 5: 5.
Used bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, aspergillus niger and saccharomyces cerevisiae all can be bought through commercial sources and obtain among the present invention.Culture medium and condition of culture (also according to disclosed preparation method in the various documents) that those skilled in the art can be provided according to bacterial classification supplier prepare fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid, enterococcus faecalis zymotic fluid, fermentation of Aspergillus niger liquid and fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid; For example, adopt three grades of cultural methods, that is: seed culture, secondary fluid enlargement culture and liquid fermentation and culture prepare corresponding zymotic fluid; Wherein, when liquid fermentation and culture, can adopt ferment tank or employing to shake bottle best cultivation and carry out fermented and cultured.Cultivate used culture medium and condition of culture is all open in document for three grades, as a reference, wherein, the constituent of described liquid fermentation medium comprises carbon source and nitrogenous source; Described carbon source includes but not limited to any one or more in glucose, sucrose, maltose, soluble starch or the corn flour; Described nitrogenous source includes but not limited to any one or more in sodium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, peptone or the analysis for soybean powder.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method for preparing said mixed plant albumen fish meal, may further comprise the steps: each raw material mixes and obtains fermentation materials; With the fermentation materials heap fermentation, promptly get.
In order to obtain better ferment effect, in the said fermentation process, the heap height of fermentation materials is preferably 40-60cm, more preferably 50cm; With stirring once in per 6 hours behind the mixture of 4 kinds of zymotic fluids inoculation dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs; Described fermentation time is preferably 48-82 hour, more preferably 72 hours.
Existing assorted dregs of rice fermentation technique adopts single bacterium or two bacterial classification mixed culture fermentations to handle single dregs of rice class more, and enzyme system is more single, and fermenting speed is slow; The dregs of beans cost of material is higher, restricted by cost, and it is difficult to promote; And the single dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs amino acid imbalance are unfavorable for promoting, and the present invention is with bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, aspergillus niger, four kinds of bacterium mixed culture fermentations of saccharomyces cerevisiae; Enzyme system is comprehensive, and fermentation efficiency is high with conversion, and the anti-bacterium ability of mixing is strong.With the dish dregs of rice with carry out fermentation process after dregs of beans mixes, material amino acid is balance more, cost of material also is lower than the dregs of beans cost.
The little peptide of mixed plant albumen fish meal of the present invention and free amino acid yield can reach 15.5% and 0.94% respectively, and phytic acid, tannin and gossypol clearance can reach 87%, 78.2% and 100% respectively.
The fish feeding experiment is the result show, behind the fish meal or the dish dregs of rice in the partly alternative feed of mixed plant albumen fish meal of the present invention, can obviously promote the growth of fish.
Mixed plant albumen of the present invention can partly or entirely be replaced animal protein feed or plant protein fodder in the fish meal as the protein raw materials in the fish meal.
Description of drawings
Preparation technology's flow chart of Fig. 1 mixed plant albumen of the present invention fish meal.
The specific embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage of the present invention and characteristics will be more clear along with description.But these embodiment only are exemplary, scope of the present invention are not constituted any restriction.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and down can make amendment with form or replace without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacing all fall in protection scope of the present invention the details of technical scheme of the present invention.
Microorganism fungus kind
1, aspergillus niger, enterococcus faecalis and saccharomyces cerevisiae are purchased in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms agricultural microorganism center, and aspergillus niger is numbered: ACCC 31494, and saccharomyces cerevisiae is numbered: ACCC 20064, and enterococcus faecalis is numbered ACCC 10180;
2, bacillus subtilis is purchased in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center, and Merchant Codes is: 1.2180.
The preparation of preparation embodiment 1 fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid
1, seed culture
After the Bacillus subtilis strain activation, carry out shake-flask seed and cultivate;
The composition of shake-flask seed culture medium (by mass percentage):
20% potato+2% sucrose PDA culture medium;
Condition of culture: 150r/min, 37 ℃ of shaking tables were cultivated 18 hours.
2, secondary fluid enlargement culture
Liquid fermentation medium: 3% corn flour, 2% amino acid powder, 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% calcium chloride, 1% sucrose; With sterilization on the throne in the aforesaid liquid culture medium fermentation tank;
The fluid enlargement culture condition: fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, and its oxygen-supply quantity can be 100-300L/h, initial pH:7.0-7.5; Rotating speed: 150-200r/min; Tank pressure: 0.6-0.8Mpa, fermented and cultured 24 hours, general living bacteria count reaches 10
9CFU/ML gets final product.
3, liquid fermentation and culture
Liquid fermentation medium: 3% corn flour, 2% amino acid powder, 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% calcium chloride, 1% sucrose; With sterilization on the throne in the aforesaid liquid culture medium fermentation tank;
Liquid fermentation condition: fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, and its oxygen-supply quantity can be 100-300L/h, initial pH:7.0-7.5; Rotating speed: 150-200r/min; Tank pressure: 0.6-0.8Mpa, fermented and cultured 24 hours, general living bacteria count reaches 10
9CFU/ML gets final product.
Preparation embodiment 2 enterococcus faecalis preparation of fermentation liquid
1, seed culture
Behind the enterococcus faecalis actication of culture, carry out shake-flask seed and cultivate;
The composition of shake-flask seed culture medium (by mass percentage):
Culture medium is formed: glucose 2%, peptone 1%, yeast extract 0.5%;
Condition of culture: 150r/min, 32 ℃ of shaking tables were cultivated 18 hours.
2, secondary fluid enlargement culture
Liquid fermentation medium: 3% bean cake powder, 3% amino acid powder, 0.5% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2% calcium oxide; With sterilization on the throne in the aforesaid liquid culture medium fermentation tank;
The fluid enlargement culture condition: fermentation temperature is 32 ℃, and its oxygen-supply quantity can be 50-100L/h, initial pH:7.5-8.0; Rotating speed: 150-200r/min; Tank pressure: 0.1-0.3Mpa, fermented and cultured 24 hours, general living bacteria count reaches 10
9CFU/ML gets final product.
3, liquid fermentation and culture:
Liquid fermentation medium: 3% bean cake powder, 3% amino acid powder, 0.5% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2% calcium oxide; With sterilization on the throne in the aforesaid liquid culture medium fermentation tank;
Liquid fermentation condition: fermentation temperature is 32 ℃, and its oxygen-supply quantity can be 50-100L/h, initial pH:7.5-8.0; Rotating speed: 150-200r/min; Tank pressure: 0.1-0.3Mpa, fermented and cultured 24 hours, general living bacteria count reaches 10
9CFU/ML gets final product.
The preparation of preparation embodiment 3 fermentation of Aspergillus niger liquid
1, seed culture
After the aspergillus niger strain activation, carry out shake-flask seed and cultivate;
The composition of shake-flask seed culture medium (by mass percentage):
20% potato+2% sucrose PDA culture medium;
Condition of culture: 150r/min, 28 ℃ of shaking tables were cultivated 18 hours.
2, secondary fluid enlargement culture
Liquid fermentation medium: 10% potato, 0.5% dibasic ammonium citrate, 0.2% magnesium chloride, 2% sucrose; With sterilization on the throne in the aforesaid liquid culture medium fermentation tank;
Secondary liquid enlarges condition: fermentation temperature is 28 ℃, and its oxygen-supply quantity can be 100-300L/h,
Initial pH:7.0-7.5; Rotating speed: 150-200r/min; Tank pressure: 0.6-0.8Mpa, fermented and cultured 36 hours, general microscopy spore concentration reaches 10
6Individual/ml is above to get final product.
3, liquid fermentation and culture:
Liquid fermentation medium: 10% potato, 0.5% dibasic ammonium citrate, 0.2% magnesium chloride, 2% sucrose; With sterilization on the throne in the aforesaid liquid culture medium fermentation tank;
Liquid fermentation condition: fermentation temperature is 28 ℃, and its oxygen-supply quantity can be 100-300L/h, initial pH:7.0-7.5; Rotating speed: 150-200r/min; Tank pressure: 0.6-0.8Mpa, fermented and cultured 36 hours, general microscopy spore concentration reaches 10
6Individual/ml is above to get final product.
The preparation of preparation embodiment 4 fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid
1, seed culture
After the activation of saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial classification, carry out shake-flask seed and cultivate;
The composition of shake-flask seed culture medium (by mass percentage):
20% potato+2% sucrose PDA culture medium;
Condition of culture: 150r/min, 32 ℃ of shaking tables were cultivated 18 hours.
2, secondary fluid enlargement culture
Liquid fermentation medium: 10% potato, 2% amino acid powder, 2% glucose; With sterilization on the throne in the aforesaid liquid culture medium fermentation tank;
Secondary liquid enlarges condition: fermentation temperature is 32 ℃, and its oxygen-supply quantity can be 100-300L/h, initial pH:6.5-7.0; Rotating speed: 150-200r/min; Tank pressure: 0.6-0.8Mpa, fermented and cultured 36 hours, general living bacteria count reaches 2 * 10
8CFU/ML gets final product.
3, liquid fermentation and culture:
Liquid fermentation medium: 10% potato, 2% amino acid powder, 2% glucose; With sterilization on the throne in the aforesaid liquid culture medium fermentation tank;
Liquid fermentation condition: fermentation temperature is 32 ℃, and its oxygen-supply quantity can be 100-300L/h, initial pH:6.5-7.0; Rotating speed: 150-200r/min; Tank pressure: 0.6-0.8Mpa, fermented and cultured 36 hours, general living bacteria count reaches 2 * 10
8CFU/ML gets final product.。
The preparation and the detection of embodiment 1 mixed plant albumen fish meal
(1) takes by weighing each raw material (unit: Kg): bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) zymotic fluid 100, enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) zymotic fluid 150, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) zymotic fluid 100, saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) zymotic fluid 50, inorganic salts 2, the mixture 598 of the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs (the dish dregs of rice: cotton dregs=5: 5) by following weight;
(2) behind the mixture with 4 kinds of zymotic fluid inoculation dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs, each raw material mixes, and with the fermentation materials heap fermentation, the heap height is 50cm; The inoculation back was stirred once in per 6 hours; Fermented 72 hours, tunning is dry, promptly get.
Through detecting, the little peptide yield of the prepared mixed plant albumen of present embodiment fish meal product is 15.5%, and the free amino acid yield is 0.94%; The clearance of phytic acid, tannin and gossypol is respectively 87%, 78.2% and 100%.
The preparation and the detection of embodiment 2 mixed plant albumen fish meals
(1) takes by weighing each raw material (unit: Kg): bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) zymotic fluid 80, enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) zymotic fluid 120, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) zymotic fluid 80, saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) zymotic fluid 30, inorganic salts 1, the mixture 689 of the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs (the dish dregs of rice: cotton dregs=4: 6) by following weight;
(2) behind the mixture with 4 kinds of zymotic fluid inoculation dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs, each raw material mixes, and with the fermentation materials heap fermentation, the heap height is 40cm; The inoculation back was stirred once in per 5 hours; Fermented 78 hours, tunning is dry, promptly get.
Through detecting, the little peptide yield of the prepared mixed plant albumen of present embodiment fish meal product is 14.6%, and the free amino acid yield is 0.91%; The clearance of phytic acid, tannin and gossypol is respectively 86%, 77.8% and 98%.
The preparation and the detection of embodiment 3 mixed plant albumen fish meals
(1) takes by weighing each raw material (unit: Kg): bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) zymotic fluid 120, enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) zymotic fluid 180, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) zymotic fluid 120, saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) zymotic fluid 70, inorganic salts 5, the mixture 505 of the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs (the dish dregs of rice: cotton dregs=6: 4) by following weight;
(2) behind the mixture with 4 kinds of zymotic fluid inoculation dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs, each raw material mixes, and with the fermentation materials heap fermentation, the heap height is 60cm; The inoculation back was stirred once in per 7 hours; Fermented 68 hours, tunning is dry, promptly get.
Through detecting, the little peptide yield of the prepared mixed plant albumen of present embodiment fish meal product is 14.9%, and the free amino acid yield is 0.92%; The clearance of phytic acid, tannin and gossypol is respectively 86%, 77.5% and 98%.
The preparation and the detection of embodiment 4 mixed plant albumen fish meals
(1) takes by weighing each raw material (unit: Kg): bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) zymotic fluid 80, enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) zymotic fluid 180, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) zymotic fluid 120, saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) zymotic fluid 30, inorganic salts 2, the mixture 588 of the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs (the dish dregs of rice: cotton dregs=5: 5) by following weight;
(2) behind the mixture with 4 kinds of zymotic fluid inoculation dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs, each raw material mixes, and with the fermentation materials heap fermentation, the heap height is 60cm; The inoculation back was stirred once in per 8 hours; Fermented 80 hours, tunning is dry, promptly get.
Through detecting, the little peptide yield of the prepared mixed plant albumen of present embodiment fish meal product is 14.1%, and the free amino acid yield is 0.86%; The clearance of phytic acid, tannin and gossypol is respectively 86.3%, 77.1% and 98.3%.
The feed grass carp test of Test Example 1 mixed plant albumen fish meal of the present invention
1, supplies the examination feed: the mixed plant albumen fish meal that embodiment 1-4 is prepared;
2, test method
With the full dish dregs of rice group of feeding as control group; Other establishes three groups of test group: test 1 group for trying the feed 30% replacement dish dregs of rice, test 2 groups for the examination feed 50% replacement dish dregs of rice, test 3 groups for the examination feed 80% replacement dish dregs of rice; Each is organized feed formula and sees table 1.Feedstuff is crushed to 80 orders after the twin-screw granulator is processed the 2.0mm pellet, and sealing is preserved.
Table 1 grass carp is raised the daily ration prescription
The experiment fish: healthy one age grass carp, average body is about 16cm, the about 34g of average weight, every group 60 tail, establish three parallel, each tests parallel-group 20 tails, places the net cage of 200cm * 200cm * 150cm respectively.
Feeding and management: the experiment fish is raised after soaking sterilization in 30 minutes with the liquor potassic permanganate with 10mg/L earlier again, feeds intake twice every day, is respectively 9:00 and 17:00; Daily ration, feeding quantity is 1.2%～2% of a body weight; With half an hour feed eat up basically and be as the criterion, feeding period 50 days, during water body pH be about 7.5; 21～27 ℃ of water temperatures, the water body dissolved oxygen is greater than 8mg/L
-1
When the determination test of growth indexes begins and finishes, measure body long (being accurate to 1mm) and body weight (being accurate to 0.01g); Every at a distance from 25 days, the gross weight of fish in each net cage of weighing, adjustment feedstuff feeding amount is calculated rate of body weight gain=total fish body net gain/initial body weight * 100%; Feed coefficient=feedstuff feeding amount/fish body net gain.
3, result of the test
Result of the test is seen table 2
Table 2 grass carp is raised the result
The feed Pelteobagrus fulvidraco test of Test Example 2 mixed plant albumen fish meals of the present invention
1, supplies the examination feed: the mixed plant albumen fish meal that embodiment 1-4 is prepared;
2, test method
The experiment feed: with the fish meal group of feeding as control group; Other establishes three groups of test group: test 1 group for examination feed 30% substituted fish meal, test 2 groups for examination feed 40% substituted fish meal, test 3 groups for examination feed 50% substituted fish meal; Each is organized feed formula and sees table 3.Feedstuff is crushed to 80 orders after the twin-screw granulator is processed the 1.5mm pellet, and sealing is preserved.
Table 3 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is raised the daily ration prescription
The experiment fish: healthy one age Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the about 15g of average weight, every group 60 tail, establish three parallel, each tests parallel-group 20 tails, places the net cage of 150cm * 150cm * 120cm respectively.
Feeding and management: the experiment fish is raised after soaking sterilization in 30 minutes with the liquor potassic permanganate with 10mg/L earlier again; Feed intake twice every day, be respectively 9:00 and 17:00, daily ration, feeding quantity is 3%～4% of a body weight; Feeding period 75 days; Water body pH is about 7.5 during this time, 20～28 ℃ of water temperatures, and the water body dissolved oxygen is greater than 7mg/L
-1
When the determination test of growth indexes begins and finishes, measure body long (being accurate to 1mm) and body weight (being accurate to 0.01g); Every at a distance from 15 days, the gross weight of fish in each net cage of weighing, adjustment feedstuff feeding amount is calculated rate of body weight gain=total fish body net gain/initial body weight * 100%; Feed coefficient=feedstuff feeding amount/fish body net gain.
3, result of the test
Result of the test is seen table 4.
Table 4 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is raised the result
Claims (10)
1. mixed plant albumen fish meal; It is characterized in that, comprise that following fermenting raw materials processes: the mixture of the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs, bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) zymotic fluid, enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) zymotic fluid, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) zymotic fluid, saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) zymotic fluid and inorganic salts.
2. according to the described mixed plant albumen of claim 1 fish meal; It is characterized in that; By mass percentage; The consumption of each raw material is: bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) zymotic fluid 8%～12%, enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) zymotic fluid 12%～18%, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) zymotic fluid 8%～12%, saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) zymotic fluid 3%～7%, inorganic salts 0.1-1%, surplus is the mixture of the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs.
3. according to the described mixed plant albumen of claim 1 fish meal; It is characterized in that; By mass percentage, the consumption of each raw material is: bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) zymotic fluid 10%, enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) zymotic fluid 15%, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) zymotic fluid 10%, saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) zymotic fluid 5%, inorganic salts 0.2%.
4. according to any one described mixed plant albumen fish meal of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described inorganic salts are potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
5. according to any one described mixed plant albumen fish meal of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the mixture Chinese food dregs of rice of the said dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs and the mass ratio of cotton dregs are 4-6: 4-6; Be preferably 5: 5.
6. a method for preparing any one described mixed plant albumen fish meal of claim 1-3 is characterized in that, comprising: each raw material mixes and obtains fermentation materials; With the fermentation materials heap fermentation, drying promptly gets.
7. according to the described method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: preferred with stirring once in every 5-7 hour behind the mixture of 4 kinds of zymotic fluids inoculation dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs, 4 kinds of zymotic fluids are inoculated behind the mixture of the dish dregs of rice and cotton dregs per 6 hours and stirred once.
8. according to the described method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the heap of fermentation materials is high for 40-60cm, is preferably 50cm.
9. according to the described method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described fermentation time is 48-82 hour, is preferably 72 hours.
10. any one described mixed plant albumen fish meal of claim 1-3 is as the purposes of fish meal.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102919520A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-02-13 | 北京桑普生物化学技术有限公司 | Soft-shelled turtle feed using mixed vegetable protein to replace partial fish meal and preparation method and use thereof |
| CN104286593A (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-01-21 | 宁波市江东农茹生物科技有限公司 | Special feed additive for silver carp culture |
| CN104438293A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州嘉禧萝生物科技有限公司 | Microbial detoxification method of cottonseed cakes |
| CN107173544A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏久久和牧农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of miscellaneous dregs of rice fermented feed |
| CN107996825A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-08 | 武汉新华扬生物股份有限公司 | Probiotics and preparation method thereof and aquatic feeds |
| CN108419915A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-08-21 | 乐山恒峰华邦生物科技有限公司 | A kind of fermentation rapeseed dregs feed |
| CN108576500A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-09-28 | 松桃梵净桃源农牧发展有限公司 | It is a kind of to utilize pool cowfish feed and preparation method thereof made of black pig pig manure |
| CN108813103A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2018-11-16 | 贵州省畜牧兽医研究所 | Rapeseed dregs polypeptide functional feed producing method |
| CN112239735A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-19 | 华中农业大学 | Bacillus subtilis, microbial inoculum, screening method and application |
| CN113073056A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-06 | 安琪酵母股份有限公司 | Fermentation inoculant for rapeseed meal and application thereof |
| CN114468184A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-13 | 广东省科学院微生物研究所(广东省微生物分析检测中心) | Low-fish-meal environment-friendly prawn feed |
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| CN102919520A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-02-13 | 北京桑普生物化学技术有限公司 | Soft-shelled turtle feed using mixed vegetable protein to replace partial fish meal and preparation method and use thereof |
| CN102919520B (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-11-06 | 北京桑普生物化学技术有限公司 | Soft-shelled turtle feed using mixed vegetable protein to replace partial fish meal and preparation method and use thereof |
| CN104286593A (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-01-21 | 宁波市江东农茹生物科技有限公司 | Special feed additive for silver carp culture |
| CN104438293A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州嘉禧萝生物科技有限公司 | Microbial detoxification method of cottonseed cakes |
| CN107173544A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏久久和牧农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of miscellaneous dregs of rice fermented feed |
| CN107996825A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-08 | 武汉新华扬生物股份有限公司 | Probiotics and preparation method thereof and aquatic feeds |
| CN108419915A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-08-21 | 乐山恒峰华邦生物科技有限公司 | A kind of fermentation rapeseed dregs feed |
| CN108576500A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-09-28 | 松桃梵净桃源农牧发展有限公司 | It is a kind of to utilize pool cowfish feed and preparation method thereof made of black pig pig manure |
| CN108813103A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2018-11-16 | 贵州省畜牧兽医研究所 | Rapeseed dregs polypeptide functional feed producing method |
| CN113073056A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-06 | 安琪酵母股份有限公司 | Fermentation inoculant for rapeseed meal and application thereof |
| CN112239735A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-19 | 华中农业大学 | Bacillus subtilis, microbial inoculum, screening method and application |
| CN114468184A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-13 | 广东省科学院微生物研究所(广东省微生物分析检测中心) | Low-fish-meal environment-friendly prawn feed |
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