CN102630448A - Pollution-free organic cultivation method of Wuta-tsai - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient cultivation method of Wuta-tsai. The efficient cultivation method comprises the following steps of: arranging and managing a slotting machine, managing, transplanting, and managing after transplanting. The invention provides a whole Wuta-tsai planting method. Compared with the prior art, the method is more complete and systematic and the final survival rate reaches more than 95%; a series of preparation work is good for improving the survival rate; and a substrate with a special ratio is good for heat preservation, water permeability and air ventilation, has less viruses and can fast take roots.

Description

A kind of nuisanceless organic farming method of Wuta-tsai

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is the kind method for planting of a plant species, relates in particular to a kind of kind method for planting of Wuta-tsai.

Background technology

Wuta-tsai has another name called the dish that collapses, broadbeaked mustard, collapse ground pine, black dish etc., is a mutation of Cruciferae Brassicas rape kind Chinese cabbage subspecies Wuta-tsai, supplies food with blackish green blade, originates in China, mainly is distributed in the Yangtze river basin.The blade fertilizer of Wuta-tsai is tender, can stir-fry and eat, do soup, cold and dressed with sauce, and look delicious is bright, nutritious.Every l00 restrains and contains vitamin C in the bright leaf up to 70 milligrams, and mineral matters such as 180 milligrams of calcium and iron, phosphorus, magnesium are called as " vitamin " dish and extremely people's favor.Efficient cultivation method about Wuta-tsai does not have ripe method.

Summary of the invention

A kind of nuisanceless organic farming method of Wuta-tsai is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps: (1) slotting machine management: selection matrix be humus soil+turfy soil+vermiculite by weight 3: 2: 1 mixed, the bordeaux mixture with 0.1%, 0.1% carbendazim, 0.1% chlorophos are sprayed on the matrix that stirs; Carry out sterilization processing; On greenhouse or open country, being made into length is that 1.5-2.3m, thickness are the slotting machine of 0.35-0.40m for the 4.5-5.0m width, 2d before inserting, the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate with 1.5 ‰; Dosage reaches the slotting machine bottom to be had till the soup outflow; 1d before the sowing starts sprayer unit, the slotting machine of drenching; Reducing acid, basicity and the salt ionic concentration of matrix, and with carbendazim 0.2% soup sterilization once more;

(2) seed treatment: seed was soaked in nutrient solution 2.5 hours, and the said nutrient solution of taking root consists of:

BA 0.6-0.9g/L

NAA 5.0-7.5g/L

KT 3.2-3.8g/L;

(3) sowing is handled: step (2) seeds treated is disseminated on bed, and sowing depth is the 2cm of cutting length, and line-spacing is 6cm, and spacing in the rows is 3cm, after planting sprays every square metre of sprinkling 2.5L with 1.5 ‰ liquor potassic permanganate immediately;

(4) final-period management: above the seedbed, put up shading shed, light transmittance 50%, the high 1.5m of canopy; Observe three indoor temperatures, humidity every day, the suitable humidity of seedling development is 80%, and preference temperature is 23 ℃; At this moment the door that can suitably open booth ventilates, and at 5 o'clock in afternoon in time closed the doors and windows when reducing to below 20 ℃; To keep normal temperature, after cuttage, spray water at any time in January; Insert after back 15 days to per 6 days of late September and spray 1 time 3 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fertilising stops to carry out after the spraying between the lights; Because of canopy temperature is high, high humidity, germ reproduction is fast, and the seedling resistance is poor, infects easily, and control is crucial, can spray Rogor after inserting, and tpn is prevented and treated disease, and 7 days one spray medicines are used alternatingly;

(6) transplant and transplant the back management:

Transplanting time 12-22 in October day seedling alive is sowed in cuttage and be transplanted to preprepared nursery lot, select physical features smooth, draining is good, and nursery lot is set up in the deep rich soil of soil layer;

Before transplanting method is transplanted nursery lot done the sunken bed of growth 5m, wide 2.5m, use sufficient base fertilizer, then cuttage seeding is transplanted by 15cm * 25 cm seeding row spacings, transplanting depth 2.5 cm in time water permeable after the transplanting;

The transplanted seedling management

(a) with 300 times of composite fertilizer's dilute with waters, spray in soil during from sowing Wuta-tsai seedling stage, evenly sprays in the blade face 2 times weekly.

(b) Wuta-tsai is bloomed early stage, with 300 times of composite fertilizer's dilute with waters, when bud occurs, begins branch and has executed for 3 times, and the time interval of twice fertilising is 2 days, fertilizer evenly is sprayed at plant reaches on the blade on every side;

(c) Wuta-tsai flowering stage, with 400 times of composite fertilizer's dilute with waters, flower occurs spraying 1 time, and fertilizer solution evenly is sprayed at around the plant, avoids contacting with petal as far as possible., the transplant survival rate reaches more than 96%;

The preparation method of described (a-c) composite fertilizer is:

This composite fertilizer prepares according to following method:

(a) choose the raw material of formula ratio by said parts by weight; Said raw material is: urea 5-20%, MAP 2-5%, potassium sulphate 4-5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-6%, humic acid 10-15%; Lignin 5-7%, BA3-5%, water 5-10%, shitosan 1-5%, borax 3-7%; Zinc chloride 0.5-1%, sodium molybdate 0.05-0.3%, manganese sulphate 0.05-0.1%, neopelex 0.05-0.3%; Ferrous sulfate 0.8-2%, magnesium sulfate 0.03-0.8%, copper sulphate 0.01-0.05%, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 0.2-2%; Field crop stalk 2-10%, fowl and animal excrement 2-3%;

Said fowl and animal excrement is a kind of or any several kinds of mixing in pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement, the chicken and duck excrement;

(b) said vegetable fiber being pulverized is powder;

(c) said fowl and animal excrement, vegetable fiber powder are mixed, mix thoroughly, the wet feed of in fermentation vat, banking up fermentation, on cover the moisture-heat preservation material; After 60 hours, turning for the first time when temperature reaches 50-70 ℃ in the heap, and whenever at a distance from turning in 24 hours once; After 3 turnings, fermentation ends;

(d) with tunning and described urea, MAP, potassium sulphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, nanometer ferrous sulfate, nano-sized carbon; Humic acid, lignin, BA, water, shitosan, borax; Zinc chloride, sodium molybdate, manganese sulphate, neopelex, ferrous sulfate; Magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mix puts into agitated reactor, and the water dissolving mixes reaction 2 hours under 100-120 ℃; Technology to be mixed with 200 mesh sieve filtering solutions, is removed residue after accomplishing.

Described cultivation method is characterized in that: described nutrient solution consists of:

IAA 1g/L

NAA 6.0g/L

KT 3.5g/L

ABT-6?0.2?g/L。

The Wuta-tsai that this method obtains possesses following advantage with respect to prior art:

1, the application provides a whole set of Wuta-tsai kind method for planting,, system more complete with respect to prior art, and final survival rate has reached more than 95%;

2, the various conditions of strict control comprise sterilization to matrix and slotting machine, to the control of temperature, humidity, and are mixed with suitable nutrient solution, and these a series of preparations help the root base and are differentiated to form adventive root, the raising survival rate;

3, the matrix of medium of seedling bed special ratios helps insulation suction, permeable, ventilation, and germ is few, and it is fast to take root.

Warp is the time for many years, has shortened the time of breeding greatly through method of the present invention, and through a series of preparation, made the survival rate of nursery stock to reach more than 95%.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described, following each embodiment only is used to explain the present invention, to not restriction of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

A kind of nuisanceless organic farming method of Wuta-tsai is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps: (1) slotting machine management: selection matrix be humus soil+turfy soil+vermiculite by weight 3: 2: 1 mixed, the bordeaux mixture with 0.1%, 0.1% carbendazim, 0.1% chlorophos are sprayed on the matrix that stirs; Carry out sterilization processing; On greenhouse or open country, being made into length is that 1.5-2.3m, thickness are the slotting machine of 0.35-0.40m for the 4.5-5.0m width, 2d before inserting, the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate with 1.5 ‰; Dosage reaches the slotting machine bottom to be had till the soup outflow; 1d before the sowing starts sprayer unit, the slotting machine of drenching; Reducing acid, basicity and the salt ionic concentration of matrix, and with carbendazim 0.2% soup sterilization once more;

(2) seed treatment: seed was soaked in nutrient solution 2.5 hours, and the said nutrient solution of taking root consists of:

BA 0.6-0.9g/L

NAA 5.0-7.5g/L

KT 3.2-3.8g/L;

(3) sowing is handled: step (2) seeds treated is disseminated on bed, and sowing depth is the 2cm of cutting length, and line-spacing is 6cm, and spacing in the rows is 3cm, after planting sprays every square metre of sprinkling 2.5L with 1.5 ‰ liquor potassic permanganate immediately;

(4) final-period management: above the seedbed, put up shading shed, light transmittance 50%, the high 1.5m of canopy; Observe three indoor temperatures, humidity every day, the suitable humidity of seedling development is 80%, and preference temperature is 23 ℃; At this moment the door that can suitably open booth ventilates, and at 5 o'clock in afternoon in time closed the doors and windows when reducing to below 20 ℃; To keep normal temperature, after cuttage, spray water at any time in January; Insert after back 15 days to per 6 days of late September and spray 1 time 3 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fertilising stops to carry out after the spraying between the lights; Because of canopy temperature is high, high humidity, germ reproduction is fast, and the seedling resistance is poor, infects easily, and control is crucial, can spray Rogor after inserting, and tpn is prevented and treated disease, and 7 days one spray medicines are used alternatingly;

(6) transplant and transplant the back management:

Transplanting time 12-22 in October day seedling alive is sowed in cuttage and be transplanted to preprepared nursery lot, select physical features smooth, draining is good, and nursery lot is set up in the deep rich soil of soil layer;

Before transplanting method is transplanted nursery lot done the sunken bed of growth 5m, wide 2.5m, use sufficient base fertilizer, then cuttage seeding is transplanted by 15cm * 25 cm seeding row spacings, transplanting depth 2.5 cm in time water permeable after the transplanting;

The transplanted seedling management

(a) with 300 times of composite fertilizer's dilute with waters, spray in soil during from sowing Wuta-tsai seedling stage, evenly sprays in the blade face 2 times weekly.

(b) Wuta-tsai is bloomed early stage, with 300 times of composite fertilizer's dilute with waters, when bud occurs, begins branch and has executed for 3 times, and the time interval of twice fertilising is 2 days, fertilizer evenly is sprayed at plant reaches on the blade on every side;

(c) Wuta-tsai flowering stage, with 400 times of composite fertilizer's dilute with waters, flower occurs spraying 1 time, and fertilizer solution evenly is sprayed at around the plant, avoids contacting with petal as far as possible., the transplant survival rate reaches more than 96%;

The preparation method of described (a-c) composite fertilizer is:

This composite fertilizer prepares according to following method:

(a) choose the raw material of formula ratio by said parts by weight; Said raw material is: urea 5-20%, MAP 2-5%, potassium sulphate 4-5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-6%, humic acid 10-15%; Lignin 5-7%, BA3-5%, water 5-10%, shitosan 1-5%, borax 3-7%; Zinc chloride 0.5-1%, sodium molybdate 0.05-0.3%, manganese sulphate 0.05-0.1%, neopelex 0.05-0.3%; Ferrous sulfate 0.8-2%, magnesium sulfate 0.03-0.8%, copper sulphate 0.01-0.05%, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 0.2-2%; Field crop stalk 2-10%, fowl and animal excrement 2-3%;

Said fowl and animal excrement is a kind of or any several kinds of mixing in pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement, the chicken and duck excrement;

(b) said vegetable fiber being pulverized is powder;

(c) said fowl and animal excrement, vegetable fiber powder are mixed, mix thoroughly, the wet feed of in fermentation vat, banking up fermentation, on cover the moisture-heat preservation material; After 60 hours, turning for the first time when temperature reaches 50-70 ℃ in the heap, and whenever at a distance from turning in 24 hours once; After 3 turnings, fermentation ends;

(d) with tunning and described urea, MAP, potassium sulphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, nanometer ferrous sulfate, nano-sized carbon; Humic acid, lignin, BA, water, shitosan, borax; Zinc chloride, sodium molybdate, manganese sulphate, neopelex, ferrous sulfate; Magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mix puts into agitated reactor, and the water dissolving mixes reaction 2 hours under 100-120 ℃; Technology to be mixed with 200 mesh sieve filtering solutions, is removed residue after accomplishing.

Described cultivation method is characterized in that: described nutrient solution consists of:

IAA 1g/L

NAA 6.0g/L

KT 3.5g/L

ABT-6?0.2?g/L。

Claims (1)

1. the nuisanceless organic farming method of a Wuta-tsai is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps: the management of (1) slotting machine: selection matrix be humus soil+turfy soil+vermiculite by weight 3: 2: 1 mixed, the bordeaux mixture with 0.1%, 0.1% carbendazim, 0.1% chlorophos are sprayed on the matrix that stirs; Carry out sterilization processing; On greenhouse or open country, being made into length is that 1.5-2.3m, thickness are the slotting machine of 0.35-0.40m for the 4.5-5.0m width, 2d before inserting, the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate with 1.5 ‰; Dosage reaches the slotting machine bottom to be had till the soup outflow; 1d before the sowing starts sprayer unit, the slotting machine of drenching; Reducing acid, basicity and the salt ionic concentration of matrix, and with carbendazim 0.2% soup sterilization once more;

(2) seed treatment: seed was soaked in nutrient solution 2.5 hours, and the said nutrient solution of taking root consists of:

BA 0.6-0.9g/L

NAA 5.0-7.5g/L

KT 3.2-3.8g/L;

(3) sowing is handled: step (2) seeds treated is disseminated on bed, and sowing depth is the 2cm of cutting length, and line-spacing is 6cm, and spacing in the rows is 3cm, after planting sprays every square metre of sprinkling 2.5L with 1.5 ‰ liquor potassic permanganate immediately;

(4) final-period management: above the seedbed, put up shading shed, light transmittance 50%, the high 1.5m of canopy; Observe three indoor temperatures, humidity every day, the suitable humidity of seedling development is 80%, and preference temperature is 23 ℃; At this moment the door that can suitably open booth ventilates, and at 5 o'clock in afternoon in time closed the doors and windows when reducing to below 20 ℃; To keep normal temperature, after cuttage, spray water at any time in January; Insert after back 15 days to per 6 days of late September and spray 1 time 3 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fertilising stops to carry out after the spraying between the lights; Because of canopy temperature is high, high humidity, germ reproduction is fast, and the seedling resistance is poor, infects easily, and control is crucial, can spray Rogor after inserting, and tpn is prevented and treated disease, and 7 days one spray medicines are used alternatingly;

(6) transplant and transplant the back management:

Transplanting time 12-22 in October day seedling alive is sowed in cuttage and be transplanted to preprepared nursery lot, select physical features smooth, draining is good, and nursery lot is set up in the deep rich soil of soil layer;

Before transplanting method is transplanted nursery lot done the sunken bed of growth 5m, wide 2.5m, use sufficient base fertilizer, then cuttage seeding is transplanted by 15cm * 25 cm seeding row spacings, transplanting depth 2.5 cm in time water permeable after the transplanting;

The transplanted seedling management

(a) with 300 times of composite fertilizer's dilute with waters, spray in soil during from sowing Wuta-tsai seedling stage, evenly sprays in the blade face 2 times weekly;

(b) Wuta-tsai is bloomed early stage, with 300 times of composite fertilizer's dilute with waters, when bud occurs, begins branch and has executed for 3 times, and the time interval of twice fertilising is 2 days, fertilizer evenly is sprayed at plant reaches on the blade on every side;

(c) Wuta-tsai flowering stage, with 400 times of composite fertilizer's dilute with waters, flower occurs spraying 1 time, and fertilizer solution evenly is sprayed at around the plant, avoids contacting with petal as far as possible, and the transplant survival rate reaches more than 96%;

The preparation method of described (a-c) composite fertilizer is:

This composite fertilizer prepares according to following method:

(a) choose the raw material of formula ratio by said parts by weight; Said raw material is: urea 5-20%, MAP 2-5%, potassium sulphate 4-5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-6%, humic acid 10-15%; Lignin 5-7%, BA3-5%, water 5-10%, shitosan 1-5%, borax 3-7%; Zinc chloride 0.5-1%, sodium molybdate 0.05-0.3%, manganese sulphate 0.05-0.1%, neopelex 0.05-0.3%; Ferrous sulfate 0.8-2%, magnesium sulfate 0.03-0.8%, copper sulphate 0.01-0.05%, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 0.2-2%; Field crop stalk 2-10%, fowl and animal excrement 2-3%;

Said fowl and animal excrement is a kind of or any several kinds of mixing in pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement, the chicken and duck excrement;

(b) said vegetable fiber being pulverized is powder;

(c) said fowl and animal excrement, vegetable fiber powder are mixed, mix thoroughly, the wet feed of in fermentation vat, banking up fermentation, on cover the moisture-heat preservation material; After 60 hours, turning for the first time when temperature reaches 50-70 ℃ in the heap, and whenever at a distance from turning in 24 hours once; After 3 turnings, fermentation ends;

(d) with tunning and described urea, MAP, potassium sulphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, nanometer ferrous sulfate, nano-sized carbon; Humic acid, lignin, BA, water, shitosan, borax; Zinc chloride, sodium molybdate, manganese sulphate, neopelex, ferrous sulfate; Magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mix puts into agitated reactor, and the water dissolving mixes reaction 2 hours under 100-120 ℃; Technology to be mixed with 200 mesh sieve filtering solutions, is removed residue after accomplishing.