CN102607883B - Method for sampling undisturbed soil pillar for hydrogeological parameter experiment - Google Patents
Method for sampling undisturbed soil pillar for hydrogeological parameter experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102607883B CN102607883B CN2012100603851A CN201210060385A CN102607883B CN 102607883 B CN102607883 B CN 102607883B CN 2012100603851 A CN2012100603851 A CN 2012100603851A CN 201210060385 A CN201210060385 A CN 201210060385A CN 102607883 B CN102607883 B CN 102607883B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for sampling an undisturbed soil pillar for a hydrogeological parameter experiment. Through selecting an earth borrowing field, controlling the underwater level of the earth borrowing filed, setting the water content of a soil body of the earth borrowing field, covering soil, finishing earth pillars, separating the earth pillars and post-treating undisturbed soil pillars, and through controlling the water content of the soil body, the finishing sizes of the earth pillars and recovering the water content before the earth pillars are taken back for the experiment in a sampling process, the undisturbed soil pillar is tightly combined with the inner wall of an earth borrowing cylinder, a permeability channel can not be formed between the undisturbed soil pillar and the inner wall of the earth borrowing cylinder so that side leakage can not be caused, at the moment, the undisturbed soil pillar is very close to an undisturbed soil body, thus a forceful guarantee is provided for the accuracy of hydrogeological parameter experimental data. The method for sampling the undisturbed soil pillar, provided by the invention, has little disturbance to soil, better keeps the original structure and stratum of the soil, is simple in operation in the sampling process without using a special earth borrowing tool, and is beneficial to intra-industry popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the undisturbed soil sampling method, particularly a kind of sampling method for hydrology geologic parameter experiment soil column.
Background technology
Undisturbed soil is for disturbed soil, backfill soil, the earth surface soil particle through the weathering of hundreds of thousands year and even longer time, degrade, the result of the motions such as erosion, migration, deposition, form distinctive bedding structure and formed with hole, there is the physical features such as the hydrogeological parameter such as specific specific yield, feed coefficient of precipitation infiltration and unit dry weight.Undisturbed soil is the basic important document of carrying out the scientific researches such as hydrology, water geology, pedology, agronomy, environmental science.
Soil sample is directly connected to the accuracy and reliability of the above-mentioned successes achieved in research.The soil basketing method of existing soil column mainly contains following three kinds: a kind of is the backfill method that fetches earth, backfill consolidation in layers soil in soil filling device, and each layer of soil dry bulk density and representative natural soil body unit dry weight are approached, thereby reach the purpose of simulation undisturbed soil, the original bedding structure that in fact this soil basketing method has changed soil in the process of backfill forms with hole, causes the experimental result distortion.The second is external impacts (extruding) method that fetches earth, as the high-speed high frequency that application publication number is CN102175485A is impacted the electronic soil sample barrel of undisturbed soil and soil basketing method thereof, taking High Voltage to be about to soil sample barrel is pressed in the soil body and fetches earth, destroy soil body initial fissure and hole, produce soil disturbance, affect the authenticity of undisturbed soil.The third knocks the cylinder method that fetches earth of surveying, as Granted publication number is the method for preparing macrotype undisturbed soil pole and the application thereof of CN101256182B, it is that pvc pipe by beaing with cutting edge moves downward cutting soil, can cause the soil body inwardly with to upper overturning, cause the soil body and tube wall to produce larger gap, carry out blind by vaseline again, at this moment vaseline can be penetrated in the soil body, affect the matrix structure layer of undisturbed soil, the undisturbed soil that this mode of fetching earth is obtained is researched and analysed all right for plantation, can not meet the requirement of hydrogeological parameter experiment, owing to lacking critical index, control, control as soil body water cut, the cooperation of cutting size etc., soil sample or the overdrying got are overstocked, during experiment, after soil body water-swellable, reacting force by barrel, make undisturbed soil bedding structure and hole generation squeeze and destroy, thereby make greatly reducing to water-based and perviousness of soil, earth pillar is excessively loose, during experiment, form tube wall rapid osmotic passage, the soil permeability performance is improved greatly, thereby affect the accuracy of related experiment result.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency existed for above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of sampling method for hydrology geologic parameter experiment soil column, the soil column of getting more approaches structure and the character of the original soil body, for the hydrogeological parameter experiment provides accurate Reliable guarantee.
The sampling method of soil column for a kind of hydrogeological parameter experiment comprises the following steps:
(1) the fetch earth selection in place: at first determine and meet the experiment representational region of soil, choose the smooth place of fetching earth of physical features, be provided for water pumping well, the open drain of lowering of watertable near the place of fetching earth, in order to control the buried depth of underground water,
(2) the fetch earth control of place underground water table: by water pumping well, open drain controlling groundwater level all the time in the 1～2m below the degree of depth that fetches earth,
(3) the fetch earth setting of soil response water cut: during fetching earth, by the control of underground water table, the water cut of the soil response that keeps fetching earth<27%, in sampling process, the water cut of the soil body can reduce by 3～5%, guarantees the soil column water cut of sampling<24%,
(4) cover soil: by the vertical button of soil sample barrel on the ground, during fetching earth, remain that soil sample barrel and ground are in plumbness,
(5) finishing earth pillar: around soil sample barrel beyond 5cm the soil body adopt conventional method to cut out, around soil sample barrel, 5cm adopts the method finishing earth pillar along the down-cutting of soil sample barrel barrel with the interior soil body, make the earth pillar external diameter be less than the soil sample barrel internal diameter, the assurance soil sample barrel can freely be extracted described earth pillar
(6) earth pillar separates: when the height that soil sample barrel is extracted earth pillar reaches projected depth, from the sawed-off earth pillar in soil sample barrel Di Kou edge, then, along sawed-off mouthful of mounting cylinder bottom tray, finally by lifting, obtain soil column,
(7) aftertreatment of soil column: filtrator is installed in the soil sample barrel bottom that soil column is housed, close the filtrator draining valve, soak soil column to water filling in described soil sample barrel, make after soil column water suction to expand and with the close combination of soil sample barrel inwall, then open the filtrator draining valve and emit excessive moisture, soil column now can be used as the hydrogeological parameter experiment and uses.
The water cut of soil response of keeping in step (3) fetching earth is 22%～26%.
The soil column water cut that guarantees sampling in step (3) is 18%～22%.
In step (5), the rear earth pillar external diameter of finishing is less than soil sample barrel internal diameter 2～5mm.
Creativeness of the present invention is: the control of soil body water cut setting during sampling, control and earth pillar finishing size, during finishing, make the earth pillar external diameter be less than soil sample barrel internal diameter 2～5mm, treat to carry out water cut reply processing before earth pillar is fetched experiment, after allowing soil column absorb certain moisture, naturally expand, reach and the close combination of soil sample barrel inwall, can not form infiltration lane generation side between soil column and soil sample barrel inwall oozes, soil column now and the original soil body are very approaching, for the accuracy of hydrogeological parameter experimental data provides sound assurance.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: soil column sampling method provided by the invention is very little to the disturbance of soil, the soil column of getting very approaches the original soil body, the prototectonics and the level that have kept preferably soil, for providing accurately, the hydrogeological parameter experiment guarantees reliably, this method sampling process is simple to operate, without the Special soil sampler tool, be beneficial in industry and apply.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) the fetch earth selection in place: meet representative needs of scientific experiment soil, physical features is smooth, draining is convenient, water pumping well, open drain is arranged near best, so that the control bury of groundwater,
(2) the fetch earth control of water level under place: by water pumping well, open drain controlling groundwater level all the time in the following 1m of the degree of depth that fetches earth,
(3) the fetch earth setting of soil response water cut: during fetching earth, by the control of underground water table, the water cut of the soil response that keeps fetching earth is 26% left and right, in sampling process, the water cut of the soil body can reduce by 4% left and right, guarantees that the soil column water cut of sampling is 22% left and right
(4) cover soil: by the vertical button of soil sample barrel on the ground, during fetching earth, remain that soil sample barrel and ground are in plumbness,
(5) finishing earth pillar: around soil sample barrel beyond 5cm the soil body adopt conventional method to cut out, around soil sample barrel, 5cm adopts the method finishing earth pillar along the down-cutting of soil sample barrel barrel with the interior soil body, make the earth pillar external diameter be less than soil sample barrel internal diameter 2mm left and right, the assurance soil sample barrel can freely be extracted described earth pillar
(6) earth pillar separates: when the height that soil sample barrel is extracted earth pillar reaches projected depth, adopt fret-saw from the sawed-off earth pillar in soil sample barrel Di Kou edge, then, along sawed-off mouthful of mounting cylinder bottom tray, finally by lifting, obtain soil column,
(7) aftertreatment of soil column: filtrator is installed in the soil sample barrel bottom that soil column is housed, close the filtrator draining valve, soak soil column to water filling in described soil sample barrel, make after soil column water suction to expand and with the close combination of soil sample barrel inwall, then open the filtrator draining valve and emit excessive moisture, soil column now can be used as the hydrogeological parameter experiment and uses.
Embodiment 2
(1) the fetch earth selection in place: meet representative needs of scientific experiment soil, physical features is smooth, draining is convenient, water pumping well, open drain is arranged near best, so that the control bury of groundwater,
(2) the fetch earth control of water level under place: by water pumping well, open drain controlling groundwater level all the time in the following 1.5m of the degree of depth that fetches earth,
(3) the fetch earth setting of soil response water cut: during fetching earth, by the control of underground water table, the water cut of the soil response that keeps fetching earth is 24% left and right, in sampling process, the water cut of the soil body can reduce by 4% left and right, guarantees that the soil column water cut of sampling is 20% left and right
(4) cover soil: by the vertical button of soil sample barrel on the ground, during fetching earth, remain that soil sample barrel and ground are in plumbness,
(5) finishing earth pillar: around soil sample barrel beyond 5cm the soil body adopt conventional method to cut out, around soil sample barrel, 5cm adopts the method finishing earth pillar along the down-cutting of soil sample barrel barrel with the interior soil body, make the earth pillar external diameter be less than soil sample barrel internal diameter 3mm left and right, the assurance soil sample barrel can freely be extracted described earth pillar
(6) earth pillar separates: when the height that soil sample barrel is extracted earth pillar reaches projected depth, adopt fret-saw from the sawed-off earth pillar in soil sample barrel Di Kou edge, then, along sawed-off mouthful of mounting cylinder bottom tray, finally by lifting, obtain soil column,
(7) aftertreatment of soil column: filtrator is installed in the soil sample barrel bottom that soil column is housed, close the filtrator draining valve, soak soil column to water filling in described soil sample barrel, make after soil column water suction to expand and with the close combination of soil sample barrel inwall, then open the filtrator draining valve and emit excessive moisture, soil column now can be used as the hydrogeological parameter experiment and uses.
Embodiment 3
(1) the fetch earth selection in place: meet representative needs of scientific experiment soil, physical features is smooth, draining is convenient, water pumping well, open drain is arranged near best, so that the control bury of groundwater,
(2) the fetch earth control of water level under place: by water pumping well, open drain controlling groundwater level all the time in the following 2m of the degree of depth that fetches earth,
(3) the fetch earth setting of soil response water cut: during fetching earth, by the control of underground water table, the water cut of the soil response that keeps fetching earth is 22% left and right, in sampling process, the water cut of the soil body can reduce by 4% left and right, guarantees that the soil column water cut of sampling is 18% left and right
(4) cover soil: by the vertical button of soil sample barrel on the ground, during fetching earth, remain that soil sample barrel and ground are in plumbness,
(5) finishing earth pillar: around soil sample barrel beyond 5cm the soil body adopt conventional method to cut out, around soil sample barrel, 5cm adopts the method finishing earth pillar along the down-cutting of soil sample barrel barrel with the interior soil body, make the earth pillar external diameter be less than soil sample barrel internal diameter 5mm left and right, the assurance soil sample barrel can freely be extracted described earth pillar
(6) earth pillar separates: when the height that soil sample barrel is extracted earth pillar reaches projected depth, adopt fret-saw from the sawed-off earth pillar in soil sample barrel Di Kou edge, then, along sawed-off mouthful of mounting cylinder bottom tray, finally by lifting, obtain soil column,
(7) aftertreatment of soil column: filtrator is installed in the soil sample barrel bottom that soil column is housed, close the filtrator draining valve, soak soil column to water filling in described soil sample barrel, make after soil column water suction to expand and with the close combination of soil sample barrel inwall, then open the filtrator draining valve and emit excessive moisture, soil column now can be used as the hydrogeological parameter experiment and uses.
Claims (2)
1. a hydrogeological parameter is tested the sampling method with soil column, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) the fetch earth selection in place: at first determine and meet the experiment representational region of soil, choose the smooth place of fetching earth of physical features, be provided for water pumping well, the open drain of lowering of watertable near the place of fetching earth, in order to control the buried depth of underground water,
(2) the fetch earth control of place underground water table: by water pumping well, open drain controlling groundwater level all the time in the 1～2m below the degree of depth that fetches earth,
(3) the fetch earth setting of soil response water cut: during fetching earth, by the control of underground water table, the water cut of the soil response that keeps fetching earth is 22%～26%, in sampling process, the water cut of the soil body can reduce by 3～5%, guarantees that the soil column water cut of sampling is 18%～22%
(4) cover soil: by the vertical button of soil sample barrel on the ground, during fetching earth, remain that soil sample barrel and ground are in plumbness,
(5) finishing earth pillar: around soil sample barrel beyond 5cm the soil body adopt conventional method to cut out, around soil sample barrel, 5cm adopts the method finishing earth pillar along the down-cutting of soil sample barrel barrel with the interior soil body, make the earth pillar external diameter be less than the soil sample barrel internal diameter, the assurance soil sample barrel can freely be extracted described earth pillar
(6) earth pillar separates: when the height that soil sample barrel is extracted earth pillar reaches projected depth, from the sawed-off earth pillar in soil sample barrel Di Kou edge, then, along sawed-off mouthful of mounting cylinder bottom tray, finally by lifting, obtain soil column,
(7) aftertreatment of soil column: filtrator is installed in the soil sample barrel bottom that soil column is housed, close the filtrator draining valve, soak soil column to water filling in described soil sample barrel, make after soil column water suction to expand and with the close combination of soil sample barrel inwall, then open the filtrator draining valve and emit excessive moisture, soil column now can be used as the hydrogeological parameter experiment and uses.
2. the sampling method of soil column for a kind of hydrogeological parameter experiment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the rear earth pillar external diameter of finishing described in step (5) is less than soil sample barrel internal diameter 2～5mm.
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| CN105547779B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-07-31 | 辽宁省水文局 | Water-retaining quantity among field of soil soil sample production method, device and measurement method |
| CN106546446A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-29 | 安徽省（水利部淮河水利委员会）水利科学研究院（安徽省水利工程质量检测中心站） | The assembled method of independent sampling tiling sampled based on large area undisturbed soil |
| CN106989961B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2023-04-25 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Plant root secretion collecting device and method for collecting root secretion of drought plant |
| CN109000967A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-14 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The System and method for of the acquisition of native stone binary medium earth pillar and hydrologic parameter measurement |
| CN110174337B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2021-09-17 | 河海大学 | Device and method for measuring dynamic soil water-holding curve in laboratory |
| CN111207947A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-05-29 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队 | Hydrogeology surveys sampling device |
| CN114674591B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-03-14 | 成都理工大学 | Undisturbed rock-soil body sampling device and method |
| CN117761280A (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-03-26 | 河海大学 | Device and method for testing hydrogeological parameters of aquifer under multi-field coupling effect |
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| JPH01183844A (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1989-07-21 | Toshiba Corp | Semiconductor device |
| JP3304842B2 (en) * | 1997-09-11 | 2002-07-22 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Soil pore water sampling method and soil contamination survey method |
| CN101256182B (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2011-11-09 | 华中农业大学 | Method for preparing macrotype undisturbed soil pole and uses thereof |
| CN102235944A (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2011-11-09 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Device and method for extracting undisturbed soil |
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