CN102596614A - 混合动力车辆变速器 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆变速器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102596614A
CN102596614A CN2010800491817A CN201080049181A CN102596614A CN 102596614 A CN102596614 A CN 102596614A CN 2010800491817 A CN2010800491817 A CN 2010800491817A CN 201080049181 A CN201080049181 A CN 201080049181A CN 102596614 A CN102596614 A CN 102596614A
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gear
change
input
speed box
primary mover
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M.霍尔
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Dana TM4 Inc
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TM4 Inc
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442Series-parallel switching type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/448Electrical distribution type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/264Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators with outer rotor and inner stator
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    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19Gearing
    • Y10T74/19014Plural prime movers selectively coupled to common output

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Abstract

本发明公开一种用于串联/并联混合动力车辆(SPHV)的变速器,其允许车辆在车辆行驶中以及在牵引马达和原动机两者均以有效水平操作时在串联模式和并联模式之间转换。牵引马达和原动机经由不同的变速齿轮传动组件被连接到中间轴。离合器设置在原动机齿轮传动组件和中间轴之间,以允许在串联模式和并联模式之间的转换。

Description

混合动力车辆变速器
技术领域
本发明总体涉及混合动力车辆。更具体地,本发明涉及设有高速电马达的混合动力车辆的变速器。
背景技术
混合动力车辆在本领域中是众所周知的。它们通常设有内燃机(ICE)、可将动力传递到车辆的至少一个车轮的电牵引马达和用以对牵引马达供电和/或对车辆的电池充电的发电机。
一方面,在用电牵引马达驱动车轮并且ICE被专用以驱动发电机以对车辆的电池充电和/或直接对牵引马达供给电力时,混合动力车辆被认为串联混合动力车辆。
另一方面,当牵引马达和ICE两者均可同时地或分别地用以驱动车辆的车轮时,混合动力车辆被认为并联混合动力驱动系(parallel hybrid drivetrain)。在并联混合动力驱动系中,ICE也可用以通过发电机对电池充电。
串联/并联混合动力车辆(SPHV)在本领域中也是众所周知的。传统上,这些车辆包括可在串联模式和并联模式之间转换的驱动系,如上所述。
混合动力车辆变速器在本领域中也已知为将ICE、电牵引马达和发电机互连。但是,由于电牵引马达最有效时的转速和ICE最有效时的转速是不同的速度,这使得对于设计用于希望允许串联模式和并联模式两者的混合动力车辆的变速器是一个挑战。
发明内容
附图说明
在附图中:
图1是根据第一示例性实施方式的混合动力变速器的示意性截面图;ICE和电马达/发电机示出为连接到变速器;变速器示出为处于串联混合动力模式;
图2是类似于图1的示意性截面图,但图示了处于并联模式中的变速器;
图3是图1中的混合动力变速器的示意性截面图,其中图示了ICE、电牵引马达和发电机的不同构造;
图4是根据第二示例性实施方式的混合动力变速器的示意性截面图;电牵引马达和发电机示出为连接到变速器;
图5是沿图3的线5-5截取的截面图;
图6是图1的混合动力变速器的示意性截面图,其中图示了ICE到该变速器的不同连接部;和
图7是根据第三示例性实施方式的混合动力变速器的示意性截面图;ICE、电牵引马达和发电机示出为被连接到变速器。
具体实施方式
根据示例性实施方式,提供了一种用于具有原动机和牵引马达的混合动力车辆的变速器,所述变速器包括:
原动机输入;
牵引马达输入;
输出轴;
中间轴,所述中间轴大致平行于所述输出轴;
牵引马达齿轮传动组件,所述牵引马达传动组件将所述牵引马达输入与所述中间轴互连;
原动机齿轮传动组件,所述原动机传动组件将所述原动机输入经由离合器组件以可释放的方式互连到所述中间轴,从而被构造成在咬合位置和非咬合位置之间移动;和
输出齿轮传动组件,所述输出传动组件将所述中间轴互连到所述输出轴;
其中,当所述离合器组件处于所述非咬合位置时,所述变速器处于串联模式,并且当所述离合器组件处于咬合位置时,所述离合器处于并联模式。
当不定冠词(a,an)与术语“包括”结合使用在权利要求和/或说明书中时可以指“一个”,但其也符合“一个或更多个”、“至少一个”和“一个或多于一个”的含义。类似地,词语“另一个”可以指至少第二个或更多个。
如说明书中使用的,词语“包括(comprising)”(和其任意形式,比如复数和单数形式)、“具有”(having)(和其任意形式,比如复数和单数形式)、“包括(including)”(和其任意形式,比如复数和单数形式)或“包含(containing)”(和其任意形式,比如复数和单数形式)是包括性或开放的,并且不排除另外的、未记载的元件或工序。
应注意到,表述“离合器”和“离合器组件”在此以及在权利要求中构造为允许两个旋转元件比如轴的接合和脱离的任意机械或机电元件或组件。摩擦离合器和爪式离合器是离合器和离合器组件的非限定性示例。
通过阅读下面经由仅参考附图案例给出的对于本发明的示例性实施方式的非限定性描述,本发明的其它目的、优点和特征将变得更为明显。
总体来说,本文描述的示例性实施方式涉及用于串联/并联混合动力车辆(SPHV)的变速器,所述变速器允许车辆在车辆行驶中以及在牵引马达(例如电牵引马达)和原动机(例如ICE)两者均以有效水平操作时在串联模式和并联模式之间转换。这可能是由于电牵引马达和ICE经由不同的变速齿轮传动组件连接到中间轴。离合器组件设置在ICE齿轮副和中间轴之间以允许在串联模式和并联模式之间的转换。
应注意到,附图是示意性的,因此为简洁的目的,图中未示出与本公开不直接相关的许多机械部件和电子部件。
现在转向附图中的图1和图2,将描述根据第一示例性实施方式的用于混合动力车辆的变速器10。变速器10经由原动机输入连接到ICE 12,并且经由输出轴16连接到电马达/发电机14和车辆的车轮。变速器10的各种元件位于变速器壳体18中。
ICE 12包括轴20,与第二齿轮24啮合从而限定了原动机齿轮传动组件的第一齿轮22安装到轴20。
电马达/发电机14包括发电机26,发电机26包括外转子28和内定子30。外转子28通过变速器10的发电机输入安装到轴32。轴32是ICE 12的轴20的延续。因此,ICE 12和发电机26在本示例性实施方式中被永久地连接。
电马达/发电机14还包括电牵引马达34,电牵引马达34包括外转子36和内定子38。外转子36安装到包围发电机26的轴32的空心轴40。空心轴40通过牵引马达输入***变速器10。因此,发电机26和电牵引马达34能够是同轴的并且安装到同一壳体以减小其总体尺寸。
空心轴40包括与第四齿轮44啮合从而限定牵引马达齿轮传动组件的整体式第三齿轮42。
第四齿轮44与中间轴46成为一体。输出轴16经由包括第五齿轮48的输出齿轮传动组件连接到中间轴46,第五齿轮48与中间轴46成为一体的并且与安装到输出轴16的第六齿轮50啮合。
中间轴46包括爪式离合器54的固定部分52,而第二齿轮24经由爪式离合器54的移动部分56安装到中间轴46。例如,移动部分56和第二齿轮24能够经由花键组件安装于彼此,从而允许移动部分56朝向固定部分52的纵向运动。
爪式离合器54包括由控制器(未示出)控制的致动器,所述致动器对爪式离合器的移动部分56在图1中所示的脱离位置和图2中所示的接合位置之间致动。
这一点从图1显而易见,爪式离合器54的移动部分56示出为从固定部分52脱离,因此爪式离合器处于非咬合位置。变速器10因此处于串联模式。
本领域技术人员将理解,爪式离合器54能够由使用其它离合器技术的离合器组件替代。
确实,这对于本领域技术人员将是易于理解的,电牵引马达34经由电牵引马达齿轮副42、44和输出齿轮副48、50与输出轴16永久关联;而ICE经由它们各自的轴20和32与发电机26永久关联。因此,由ICE 12驱动的发电机26根据需要(未示出)对电池充电,并且电牵引马达34驱动混合动力车辆的车轮(未示出)。
当爪式离合器54处于图2中所示的接合位置时,混合动力车辆变速器10处于并联混合动力模式。当爪式离合器54处于该咬合位置时,电牵引马达34经由电牵引马达齿轮副42、44和输出齿轮副48、50并且ICE经由ICE齿轮副22、第二齿轮24和输出齿轮副48、50驱动输出轴16,由此驱动车辆的车轮(未示出)。
应注意到,控制器(未示出)还用以控制电牵引马达34、发电机26和ICE 12。另外,速度传感器(未示出)另外可选地连接到这些装置以监测它们各自的转速并将实时数据发送到控制器。
因此,控制器可确定ICE 12供应的动力的如下部分,动力的该部分即使在图2示出的并联模式中也将由发电机26用来对电池充电并相应地控制发电机26。
本领域技术人员将理解,在接合离合器54之前,必须调节第二齿轮24的速度,使得在第二齿轮24和中间轴46之间不存在显著速度差,以防止不希望的驱动器可觉察跳动。调节第二齿轮24的速度的一种方法在于控制ICE12使得其处于怠速模式然后调节发电机26的速度以使第二齿轮24达到中间轴46的速度。
相信本领域技术人员能够依据电马达和ICE的不同有效速度来确定ICE齿轮副、牵引马达齿轮副和输出齿轮副的分别的传动比,以在混合动力车辆行驶时允许离合器在串联模式和关联模式之间转换。在确定齿轮副的传动比时可加入其它的考虑因素。这些考虑因素的非限定性示例包括车辆以巡航速度行驶时ICE 12的噪音水平;且变速器可不使ICE停机地转换为并联模式的车速。
本领域技术人员将理解,通过调节ICE齿轮副相对于牵引马达齿轮副的传动比,在电牵引马达和ICE两者均连接到中间轴46的同时,使用在比ICE的有效转速高的转速下有效的电牵引马达是可能的。
现在转向附图中的图3,将简要描述与变速器10有关的机电部件的另一构造。
总体上,电马达/发电机14已经用发电机100和电马达102替代。如根据本图可看到的,电马达102具有安装有外转子106的空心轴104。发电机100的安装有外转子110的轴108横过空心轴104。因此,电马达102到变速器10的互连以及电马达104到变速器10的互连和变速器10的操作与上述的并且在图1和图2中图示的内容相同。
现在转向附图中的图4和图5,将描述根据第二示例性实施方式的变速器200。为简洁起见,下文中将仅描述变速器10与变速器200之间的差异。
如根据图4能够看到的,ICE 12、发电机202和电牵引马达204与变速器200关联。齿轮副与图1至图3中图示的变速器10的齿轮副相同,但第三齿轮42已经绕第四齿轮44移动以允许发电机202和电牵引马达204以非同轴方式定位。
变速器10和变速器200之间的另一差异在于电机202和204的外壳经由紧固件(未示出)安装到变速器200的外壳。
变速器200的操作与上述的变速器10的操作相同。
图5是图示变速器200的各种元件的截面图。
如本领域技术人员容易理解的,虽然发电机202的轴和电牵引马达204的轴与输出轴对准(见图5),这些轴之间的角度关系可以不同,只要这些元件的定位足以允许变速器200中的希望的传动比。
现在转向附图中的图6,将简要描述与变速器10相关的机电部件的另一构造。如根据该图能够看到的,ICE 12并不永久连接到发电机26的轴32,而是经由爪式离合器300可移除地连接到轴32,所述爪式离合器300包括:与轴304关联的并且固定安装到轴32的固定部分302;和经由ICE的轴20的花键部分310与ICE的轴20关联的移动部分308。
因此,当爪式离合器300接合时,变速器10的操作相对于上述操作未改变,因为ICE 12连接到轴32。
然而,当爪式离合器300处于脱离模式时,发电机26可用作辅助牵引马达,例如,当低速下需要高转矩时。
最后转向附图中的图7,将描述根据第三示例性实施方式的变速器400。由于变速器10和变速器400非常类似并且为了简洁的目的,下文中将仅描述变速器10和变速器400之间的差异。
总体来讲,变速器400具有与上文中所述的变速器10相同的功能。但是,替代于将爪式离合器402安装到第二齿轮24’,爪式离合器402被安装到第一齿轮22’。因此,当爪式离合器402处于图7中图示的脱离状态时,第一齿轮22’在ICE 12的轴20上空转。当处于该情况时,变速器400处于串联混合动力模式,在该模式中,ICE 12的动力仅由发电机26使用,因为空转的第一齿轮22’不能将动力传递到输出轴16。
但是,当爪式离合器402接合时,实现并联混合动力模式。
应注意到,虽然上文中描述的混合动力车辆变速器与电牵引马达、发电机和ICE关联,其它的动力源或原动机能够与上述变速器一起使用。
类似地,虽然本文图示了永磁体外转子电机,但能够使用其它的电机技术。
另外应注意到,虽然本文图示了仅一个中间轴46;但如果变速器的输出传动比或封装需要,能够使用多于一个中间轴。
类似地,虽然本文描述并图示了输出齿轮副,还能够使用具有所要求的速比的其它动力输出组件,比如,例如链驱动器。
本领域技术人员将理解,虽然一些齿轮在本文中描述为与轴成为一体,这些齿轮能够与轴分离并且经由例如花键、或销和键槽布置安装到所述轴。
还应理解,本文描述的实施方式的各种特征和构造能够组合。作为未限定性示例,离合器300能够安装在本文所述的任何构造上。
应理解,本发明的应用并不局限于附图中图示的和上文中描述的构造和部件的细节。本发明能够采用其它的实施方式并且能够以各种方式实践。另外应该理解的是,本文使用的措词或术语是用于描述的目的,而非限制性的。因此,尽管本发明在上文中已经通过其示例性实施方式进行了描述,但在不偏离本主题发明的精神、范围和本质的前提下,可对其做出修改。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于设有原动机和牵引马达的混合动力车辆的变速器,所述变速器包括:
原动机输入;
牵引马达输入;
输出轴;
中间轴,所述中间轴大致平行于所述输出轴;
牵引马达齿轮传动组件,所述牵引马达齿轮传动组件将所述牵引马达输入与所述中间轴互连;
原动机齿轮传动组件,所述原动机齿轮传动组件将所述原动机输入经由离合器组件以可释放的方式互连到所述中间轴,从而被构造成在咬合位置和非咬合位置之间移动;和
输出齿轮传动组件,所述输出齿轮传动组件将所述中间轴互连到所述输出轴;
其中,当所述离合器组件处于所述非咬合位置时,所述变速器处于串联模式,并且当所述离合器组件处于咬合位置时,所述离合器处于并联模式。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,还包括发电机输入,所述发电机输入被连接到所述原动机输入;所述发电机输入构造为被连接到发电机。
3.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中所述牵引马达齿轮传动组件具有第一传动比,并且其中所述原动机齿轮传动组件具有第二传动比;所述第一和第二传动比被确定为用于所述中间轴的给定转速,所述牵引马达输入的转速比所述原动机输入的转速快。
4.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中所述牵引马达齿轮传动组件包括:安装到所述牵引马达输入的第一齿轮和与所述第一齿轮啮合并且被安装到所述中间轴的第二齿轮。
5.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中所述原动机齿轮传动组件包括安装到所述原动机输入的第一齿轮和与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮,所述离合器组件包括固定部分和可纵向移动部分,其中,所述固定部分安装到所述中间轴以随所述中间轴旋转,并且所述可纵向移动部分以可旋转方式安装到所述中间轴;所述第二齿轮被安装到所述可纵向移动部分。
6.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中所述原动机传动组件包括第一齿轮和与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮,所述离合器组件包括固定部分和可纵向移动部分,其中,所述固定部分安装到所述原动机输入以随所述原动机输入旋转,并且所述可纵向移动部分以可旋转方式安装到所述原动机输入;所述第一齿轮被安装到所述可纵向移动部分并且所述第二齿轮被安装到所述中间轴。
7.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中所述输出齿轮组件包括安装到所述中间轴的第一齿轮和与所述第一齿轮啮合并且被安装到所述输出轴的第二齿轮。
8.根据权利要求2所述的变速器,其中所述牵引马达输入和所述发电机输入是同轴的。
9.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中所述原动机输入是ICE输入。
10.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中所述原动机通过所述第二离合器组件被安装到所述原动机输入。
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