CN102586586B - Method for magnetizing, roasting and sorting low-grade iron ores - Google Patents
Method for magnetizing, roasting and sorting low-grade iron ores Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for magnetizing, roasting and sorting low-grade iron ores. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly performing pretreatment on the low-grade iron ores, wherein the content of -0.074mm-grade pretreated material is above 40%, clay mineral in the low-grade iron ores is taken as a bonding agent, or a small quantity of bentonite and other bonding agents are added for uniformly mixing; preparing into small balls with the particle size of 2-5mm by a circular disc or cylinder pelletizer; uniformly laying the small balls after screening in a simulation reactor of a belt type roasting machine, wherein the thickness of a material layer is 200mm-300mm; and respectively performing drying, preheating, oxidizing roasting, magnetizing roasting and cooling treatment in five stages for getting homogeneous magnetized and roasted magnetite, and then performing magnetic separation to get iron ore concentrate. By adopting the method disclosed by the invention, the low-grade iron ores can be effectively treated, coal or coal gas and the like can be utilized for preparing reducing gas with the content of (CO plus H2) of 15-25% or secondary heat reducing gas generated in the metallurgical process can be fully utilized for performing magnetizing roasting, and the method has the characteristics of energy conservation, high efficiency and quickness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of iron ore sorting, particularly a kind of method of low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern steel industry, China's iron and steel output rises year by year, and the not enough problem of domestic high-quality ferrolite supply is day by day serious, and Mineral resources have become " bottleneck " of restriction China development of iron ﹠ steel industry.Along with the high speed development of Iron And Steel Industry, the demand of China iron deposit stone sharply increases, and the required iron ore degree of self-sufficiency of China's Iron And Steel Industry only 46%, 2009 year annual imported iron ore stone is increased sharply on year-on-year basis and surpassed four one-tenth, and price is also hitting new peak continuously.
China iron deposit stone resource is rich and not rich, in about 58,100,000,000 t reserves (occupying the 4th in the world), 97% is lean ore, average grade is 33%, be lower than 11 percentage points of World Iron ore average grades, the iron grade only accounts for 2.7% (approximately 1,500,000,000 t) greater than 50% rich ore, and most iron ores must can enter stove and smelt behind beneficiation enrichment.China's iron ore type is various, and main Types and ratio are: magnetite type 55.40%, hematite-type 18.10%, spathic iron ore type 14.40%, vanadium titano-magnetite type 5.30%, specularite type 3.40%, limonite type 1.10%, mixed type 2.30%.The granularity embedding cloth of total reserves more than 25% is thin for accounting for, gangue is mainly rhombohedral iron ore and the low-grade limonite that contains ferrosilicate, the complicated difficults such as spathic iron ore select the technique of preparing of ferric oxide ore still not have breakthrough, the type iron ore deposit can not fully be recycled, some mine tailing iron levels are high (such as Da Ye Iron Mine, copper record mountain delafossite), cause the wasting of resources, some mines Iron Concentrate Quality not high (such as the Baogang dressing-works), cause can not get the high quality iron ore concentrate, thereby affect blast-furnace smelting efficient, also have plenty of low-grade limonite and spathic iron ore, can not large-scale develop and utilize at present.
Exploitation efficiently utilizes the second heat reducing gas reducing roasting low-grade iron ore that produces in the metallurgical technology to obtain homogeneous magnetizing roasting magnetite, after magnetic separation, obtain the method for fine quality iron concentrate, higher and the multifarious technique suitability of the ore problem with the cost that solves traditional magnetizing roasting, thereby effectively reduce enterprise's production cost, also can effectively alleviate high-quality iron ore deposit situation in short supply simultaneously and promote the China Steel industrial expansion.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method that can use on a large scale in iron and steel enterprise the low low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting of iron ore of low ore grade and production cost.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the method for low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting provided by the invention, low-grade iron ore after pretreatment, profit mill and do not moisten the abrasive material mixed pelletizing and granulate; The granulation bead after preheating through the roasting of gas base reduction magnetization; And then the cooling after magnetic separation, obtain iron ore concentrate, step is:
(1), low-grade iron ore is through pre-treatment, pretreated raw material granularity less than the mass percent of 0.074mm greater than 40%;
(2), raw material that pre-treatment is good carries out mixing, granulates and obtains granularity 2～5mm granulation bead, granulation bead moisture is 7.5～10.5%;
(3), granulation bead uniform spreading is in burning machine, bed thickness is 200mm～300mm, the granulation bead is carried out drying, preheating, oxidizing roasting thermal pretreatment, 200 ℃～300 ℃ of drying temperatures, 300 ℃～900 ℃ of preheating temperatures, 700 ℃～900 ℃ of oxidizing roasting temperature, preheating and baking time are 5～10 minutes; Then pass into (CO+H
2) volumetric concentration is 15～25% reducing atmosphere through 650～850 ℃ of Magnetization reductive roastings 5～15 minutes, obtains homogeneous magnetizing roasting magnetite after the cooling;
(4) the magnetizing roasting magnetite that obtains of roasting obtains iron ore concentrate through 30～120s ore grinding and the magnetic separation of magneticstrength 0.8～1.4KA/m magneticstrength.
Pretreated method described in the above-mentioned steps (1) is that ore grinding, profit mill or high pressure roller mill are processed, and pretreatment time is 4～10min.
The middle good raw material of pre-treatment of above-mentioned steps (2), the profit mill is (30～70) with not moistening abrasive material routine in mass ratio: (70～30) carry out mixing.
The good raw material of pre-treatment is to granulate in balling disc or drum pelletizer in the above-mentioned steps (2), and the granulation bead is lower than 5% less than the 0.5mm Pulverization ratio under 400～600 ℃ of high temperature gas flow 1m/s effect.
Reducing atmosphere is (CO+H in the above-mentioned steps (3)
2): (CO
2+ H
2O): N
2Volume ratio is (15～25): (50～30): (35～45), gas flow rate are 0.2m/min～0.5m/min.
Adopt the method for the low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting of technique scheme, the pre-treatment of profit mill can utilize the clay mineral that carries in the low-grade limonite as binding agent, be conducive to improve the balling-up of low-grade iron ore, profit ore grinding and ore grinding mixing granulation not, the granulation bead can effectively be avoided the problem of the poor and large ball recovery time length of fine ore gas base reduction ventilation property, lack of homogeneity etc., and Magnetization reductive roasting is more even.Recovery time foreshortens to 10min.The present invention utilizes the second heat reducing gas reducing roasting low-grade iron ore that produces in the metallurgical technology to obtain homogeneous magnetizing roasting magnetite, obtains the method for fine quality iron concentrate after magnetic separation.Adopt the present invention can effectively process low-grade limonite, can utilize the preparation (CO+H such as coal or coal gas
2) content is 15～25% reducing gas or takes full advantage of the second heat reducing gas that produces in the metallurgical technology and carry out magnetizing roasting, have energy-conservation, efficiently, characteristics fast.For raw material iron grade be 30.16%, SiO
2Content is 40.44% low-grade limonite, adopts the present invention, can obtain homogeneous magnetizing roasting magnetite, can obtain after the magnetic separation concentrate grade greater than 61.23% and the rate of recovery greater than 86.29% very good effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is schema of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Reference examples:
1: take by weighing 200g and do not moisten the mill raw material, evenly cloth in reactor in temperature 725, gas O
2, CO
2, N
2Account for to measure in total gas and be respectively preheating in 10%, 40%, 50%; 725 ℃ of temperature, gas flow rate 0.24m/min, recovery time 10min, gaseous constituent is CO: CO
2: N
2It is 20: 40: 40 times; Process 90s ore grinding and magneticstrength are the 1KA/m magnetic separation; Obtaining the as a result magnetic separation rate of recovery is 68.13%, and concentrate grade is 53.56%.
2: take by weighing 200g and do not moisten the mill raw material, evenly cloth in reactor in temperature 725, gas O
2, CO
2, N
2Account for to measure in total gas and be respectively preheating in 10%, 40%, 50%; 725 ℃ of temperature, gas flow rate 0.24m/min, recovery time 10min, gaseous constituent is (CO/H
2): (CO
2/ H
2O): N
2Be (15/5): (30/10): 40 times; Process 90s ore grinding and magneticstrength are the 1KA/m magnetic separation; Obtaining the as a result magnetic separation rate of recovery is 72.34%, and concentrate grade is 54.65%.
3: profit abrasive material and do not moisten 1: 1 mixing granulation of abrasive material, take by weighing the granulation bead 200g, coal dust 4g mixing of 2～5mm after even cloth in reactor, under 725 ℃ of temperature, roasting 12min; Process 90s ore grinding and magneticstrength are the 1KA/m magnetic separation; Obtaining the as a result magnetic separation rate of recovery is 47.91%, and concentrate grade is 51.62%.
4: profit abrasive material and do not moisten 1: 1 mixing granulation of abrasive material, take by weighing the granulation bead 200g of 5～8mm, even cloth in reactor in temperature 725, gas O
2, CO
2, N
2Account for to measure in total gas and be respectively preheating in 10%, 40%, 50%; In temperature 725, gas flow rate 0.24m/min, recovery time 10min, gaseous constituent is (CO/H
2): (CO
2/ H
2O): N
2Be (15/5): (30/10): 40 times; Process 90s ore grinding and magneticstrength are the 1KA/m magnetic separation; Obtain as a result that the magnetic concentrate grade is 58.53%, the rate of recovery is 78.50%.
Embodiment 1:
The method of low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting, low-grade iron ore are moistened mill and are not moistened the abrasive material mixed pelletizing and granulate after pretreatment; The granulation bead after preheating through the roasting of gas base reduction magnetization; And then the cooling after magnetic separation, obtain iron ore concentrate, step is:
(1), low-grade iron ore is through pre-treatment, pretreated method is that ore grinding, profit mill or high pressure roller mill are processed, pretreatment time is 6min, pretreated raw material granularity less than the mass percent of 0.074mm greater than 41.65%;
(2), the raw material that pre-treatment is good carries out mixing, profit mill and do not moisten abrasive material in mass ratio example be to carry out mixing at 70: 30, in balling disc, granulate, granulation obtains granularity 2mm～5mm granulation bead, granulation bead moisture is 10.5%, under 400 ℃ of high temperature gas flow 1m/s effect, be lower than 5% less than the 0.5mm Pulverization ratio;
(3), granulation bead uniform spreading is in belt type roasting machine or rotary hearth furnace burning machine, bed thickness is 200mm, utilize magnetizing roasting section thermal reduction gas out again combustion gases the granulation bead is carried out drying, preheating, oxidizing roasting thermal pretreatment, drying temperature 200,300 ℃ of preheating temperatures, 700 ℃ of oxidizing roasting temperature, preheating and baking time are 5 minutes; Then pass into the CO volumetric concentration and be 20% reducing atmosphere through 750 ℃ of Magnetization reductive roastings 15 minutes, obtain homogeneous magnetizing roasting magnetite after the cooling, reducing atmosphere is (CO/H
2): (CO
2/ H
2O): N
2Be (15/5): (30/10): 40, gas flow rate is 0.2m/min;
(4) the magnetizing roasting magnetite that obtains of roasting obtains iron ore concentrate through 30s ore grinding and the magnetic separation of magneticstrength 1.4KA/m magneticstrength.
Compare with conventional magnetizing roasting, adopt the present invention, can save cost, obtain more uniformly roasted ore, by regulating a factor, can obtain concentrate grade 62.23% and the rate of recovery 87.32%.
Embodiment 2:
The method of low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting, low-grade iron ore are moistened mill and are not moistened the abrasive material mixed pelletizing and granulate after pretreatment; The granulation bead after preheating through the roasting of gas base reduction magnetization; And then the cooling after magnetic separation, obtain iron ore concentrate, step is:
(1), low-grade iron ore is through pre-treatment, pretreated method is that ore grinding, profit mill or high pressure roller mill are processed, pretreatment time is 5min, pretreated raw material granularity is less than the mass percent 40.25% of 0.074mm;
(2), the raw material that pre-treatment is good carries out mixing, profit mill and do not moisten abrasive material in mass ratio example be to carry out mixing at 70: 30, in balling disc, granulate, granulation obtains granularity 2mm～5mm granulation bead, granulation bead moisture is 10.5%, under 400 ℃ of high temperature gas flow 1m/s effect, be lower than 5% less than the 0.5mm Pulverization ratio;
(3), granulation bead uniform spreading is in belt type roasting machine or rotary hearth furnace burning machine, bed thickness is 200mm, utilize magnetizing roasting section thermal reduction gas out again combustion gases the granulation bead is carried out drying, preheating, oxidizing roasting thermal pretreatment, 200 ℃ of drying temperatures, 300 ℃ of preheating temperatures, 700 ℃ of oxidizing roasting temperature, preheating and baking time are 5 minutes; Then pass into the CO volumetric concentration and be 20% reducing atmosphere through 700 ℃ of Magnetization reductive roastings 15 minutes, obtain homogeneous magnetizing roasting magnetite after the cooling, reducing atmosphere is CO: CO
2: N
2Volume ratio is 20: 40: 40, and gas flow rate is 0.2m/min;
(4) the magnetizing roasting magnetite that obtains of roasting obtains iron ore concentrate through 30s ore grinding and the magnetic separation of magneticstrength 1.4KA/m magneticstrength.
Compare with conventional magnetizing roasting, adopt the present invention, can save cost, obtain more uniformly roasted ore, by regulating a factor, can obtain concentrate grade 61.23% and the rate of recovery 85.32%.
Embodiment 3:
The method of low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting, low-grade iron ore are moistened mill and are not moistened the abrasive material mixed pelletizing and granulate after pretreatment; The granulation bead after preheating through the roasting of gas base reduction magnetization; And then the cooling after magnetic separation, obtain iron ore concentrate, step is:
(1), low-grade iron ore is through pre-treatment, pretreated method is that ore grinding, profit mill or high pressure roller mill are processed, pretreatment time is 8min, pretreated raw material granularity is less than the mass percent 42.30% of 0.074mm;
(2), the raw material that pre-treatment is good carries out mixing, profit mill and do not moisten abrasive material in mass ratio example be to carry out mixing at 30: 70, in drum pelletizer, granulate, granulation obtains granularity 5mm granulation bead, granulation bead moisture is 9.5%, under 550 ℃ of high temperature gas flow 1m/s effect, be lower than 5% less than the 0.5mm Pulverization ratio;
(3), granulation bead uniform spreading is in belt type roasting machine or rotary hearth furnace burning machine, bed thickness is 300mm, utilize magnetizing roasting section thermal reduction gas out again combustion gases the granulation bead is carried out drying, preheating, oxidizing roasting thermal pretreatment, 300 ℃ of drying temperatures, 900 ℃ of preheating temperatures, 900 ℃ of oxidizing roasting temperature, preheating and baking time are 10 minutes; Then pass into the C0 volumetric concentration and be 25% reducing atmosphere through 800 ℃ of Magnetization reductive roastings 5 minutes, obtain homogeneous magnetizing roasting magnetite after the cooling, reducing atmosphere is CO: CO
2: N
2Volume ratio is 25: 35: 40, and gas flow rate is 0.5m/min;
(4) the magnetizing roasting magnetite that obtains of roasting obtains iron ore concentrate through 120s ore grinding and the magnetic separation of magneticstrength 0.8KA/m magneticstrength.
Compare with conventional magnetizing roasting, adopt the present invention, can save cost, obtain more uniformly roasted ore, by regulating a factor, can obtain concentrate grade 61.23% and the rate of recovery 86.29%.
Embodiment 4:
The method of low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting, low-grade iron ore are moistened mill and are not moistened the abrasive material mixed pelletizing and granulate after pretreatment; The granulation bead after preheating through the roasting of gas base reduction magnetization; And then the cooling after magnetic separation, obtain iron ore concentrate, step is:
(1), low-grade iron ore is through pre-treatment, pretreated method is that ore grinding, profit mill or high pressure roller mill are processed, pretreatment time is 10min, pretreated raw material granularity is less than the mass percent 48.50% of 0.074mm;
(2), the raw material that pre-treatment is good carries out mixing, profit mill and do not moisten abrasive material in mass ratio example be to carry out mixing at 30: 70, in drum pelletizer, granulate, granulation obtains granularity 5mm granulation bead, granulation bead moisture is 9.5%, under 550 ℃ of high temperature gas flow 1m/s effect, be lower than 5% less than the 0.5mm Pulverization ratio;
(3), granulation bead uniform spreading is in belt type roasting machine or rotary hearth furnace burning machine, bed thickness is 300mm, utilize magnetizing roasting section thermal reduction gas out again combustion gases the granulation bead is carried out drying, preheating, oxidizing roasting thermal pretreatment, 300 ℃ of drying temperatures, 900 ℃ of preheating temperatures, 900 ℃ of oxidizing roasting temperature, preheating and baking time are 10 minutes; Then pass into (CO+H
2) volumetric concentration is 18% reducing atmosphere through 750 ℃ of Magnetization reductive roastings 5 minutes, obtains homogeneous magnetizing roasting magnetite after the cooling, reducing atmosphere is (CO/H
2): (CO
2/ H
2O): N
2Be (10/8): (27/10): 45, gas flow rate is 0.5m/min;
(4) the magnetizing roasting magnetite that obtains of roasting obtains iron ore concentrate through 120s ore grinding and the magnetic separation of magneticstrength 0.8KA/m magneticstrength.
Compare with conventional magnetizing roasting, adopt the present invention, can save cost, obtain more uniformly roasted ore, by regulating each factor, can obtain concentrate grade 62.39% and the rate of recovery 87.92%.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting, low-grade iron ore after pretreatment, the raw material mixed pelletizing is granulated; The granulation bead after preheating through the roasting of gas base reduction magnetization; Then cool off obtain iron ore concentrate after magnetic separation, it is characterized in that: step is:
(1), low-grade iron ore is through pre-treatment, pretreated raw material granularity less than the mass percent of 0.074mm greater than 40%;
(2), raw material that pre-treatment is good carries out mixing, granulates and obtains granularity 2～5mm granulation bead, granulation bead moisture is 7.5～9.5%;
(3), granulation bead uniform spreading is in burning machine, bed thickness is 200mm～300mm, the granulation bead is carried out drying, preheating, oxidizing roasting processing, 200 ℃～300 ℃ of drying temperatures, 300 ℃～900 ℃ of preheating temperatures, 700 ℃～900 ℃ of oxidizing roasting temperature, preheating and baking time are 5～10 minutes; Then pass into (CO+H
2) volumetric concentration is 15～25% reducing atmosphere through 650～850 ℃ of Magnetization reductive roastings 5～15 minutes, obtains homogeneous magnetizing roasting magnetite after the cooling;
(4) the magnetizing roasting magnetite that obtains of roasting obtains iron ore concentrate through 30～120s ore grinding and magneticstrength 0.8～1.4 kA/m magneticstrength magnetic separation.
2. the method for low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the pretreated method described in the above-mentioned steps (1) is that ore grinding, profit mill or high pressure roller mill are processed, and pretreatment time is 4～10min.
3. the method for low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the good raw material of pre-treatment in the above-mentioned steps (2), pre-treatment and the pre-treatment material in mass ratio example be (30～70): (70～30) carry out mixing.
4. the method for low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the good raw material of pre-treatment is to granulate in balling disc or drum pelletizer in the above-mentioned steps (2), the granulation bead is lower than 5% less than the 0.5mm Pulverization ratio under 400～600 ℃ of high temperature gas flow 1m/s effect.
5. the method for low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described in the above-mentioned steps (3) to the granulation bead carry out drying, preheating, oxidizing roasting process be utilize magnetizing roasting section thermal reduction gas out again combustion gases the granulation bead carried out drying, preheating, oxidizing roasting process.
6. the method for low-grade iron ore magnetizing roasting sorting according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: reducing atmosphere is (CO+H in the above-mentioned steps (3)
2): (CO
2+ H
2O): N
2Volume ratio is (15 ~ 25): (50 ~ 30): (35 ~ 45), gas flow rate are 0.2m/min～0.5m/min.
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