CN102586110A - Facultative anaerobe microbial preparation, its preparation method and application in straw degrading - Google Patents
Facultative anaerobe microbial preparation, its preparation method and application in straw degrading Download PDFInfo
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- CN102586110A CN102586110A CN2012100408238A CN201210040823A CN102586110A CN 102586110 A CN102586110 A CN 102586110A CN 2012100408238 A CN2012100408238 A CN 2012100408238A CN 201210040823 A CN201210040823 A CN 201210040823A CN 102586110 A CN102586110 A CN 102586110A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention provides a facultative anaerobe microbial preparation, which comprises Cellulomonas sp., Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus and Bacillus subtilis. Cellulomonas sp. is screened from cattle ruminal liquid. The preparation method comprises enlarge-culturing Cellulomonas sp., Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus and Bacillus subtilis respectively, mixing proportionally, inoculating in mixed fermentation culture medium, and culturing at conditions of initial pH 7.0, ventilation amount 0.5 V/V.min, rotation speed of 200 rpm and 37 DEG C for 24-48 hr to reach viable count of 2.5 billion/mL. The invention also provides application of the facultative anaerobe microbial preparation in straw degrading. The microbial preparation can well degrade agricultural straws and improve fermentation gas output of agricultural straw.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of amphimicrobe composite fungus agent, the invention still further relates to the preparation method and its application in degrading straw of this composite fungus agent.
Background technology
The organic composition of agricultural crop straw is mainly Mierocrystalline cellulose, semicellulose, is xylogen, protein, amino acid, resin, tannin etc. secondly.Because the straw component structure is special, the xylogen in the stalk is difficult to by acid and enzyme liberating.Xylogen combines with covalent with semicellulose, and cellulosic molecule is embedded in wherein, forms a kind of natural cover for defense, makes enzyme be difficult for contacting with cellulosic molecule; On the other hand, the complicacy of water-insoluble, the chemical structure of xylogen has caused the refractory organics of stalk.
In recent years, the mode of utilizing of stalk mainly comprises as the energy, goes back field, feed, is used for industrial raw material (papermaking) etc. in China.Main stalk recovery energy technology mainly contains stalk direct combustion heat-supply technology, gasifying stalk central gas supply technology, stalk fermentation producing methane technology etc. at present.Yet cellulosic degraded is carried out through multiple anaerobism or amphimicrobian hydrolysis or fermentable mikrobe synthetic cellulase in the marsh gas fermentation processes.Under anaerobic, the Mierocrystalline cellulose majority is in crystal form, and glucose monomer connects with β-1,4 glycosidic bond, is difficult to be degraded with structural performances such as semicellulose, xylogen connect mutually.
It on the cellulosic aerobic or anaerobic degradation process nature the cellulolytic process of Mierocrystalline cellulose enzyme that Institute of Micro-biology produces.Utilize stalk fermentation to produce biogas; What play a major role in the hydrolysis stage is to utilize cellulosic mikrobe; Occurring in nature can degrade and utilize cellulosic microbe species a lot, a lot of scientific and technological achievement and application that are directed against the screening of cellulase strain is arranged at present, but be mostly the aerobic mikrobe; And biogas fermentation is in anaerobic environment, to carry out, so amphimicrobian high active cellulase bacterium becomes the key link of utilizing stalk fermentation to produce biogas.
Contain in the cud in a large number and can pass through the cellulosic anaerobion of cellulose degraded; Utilizing the microbiological anaerobic fermented stalk to produce biogas can not only make the biomass resource recycle and obtain deep development; And can also alleviating energy crisis, improve the ecological environment.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is to overcome existing defective, and a kind of amphimicrobe composite fungus agent is provided, and this composite fungus agent can make agricultural crop straw better decompose, and improves anaerobically fermenting methane gas producing rate; For this reason, the present invention also provides the preparation method and its application in degrading straw of this amphimicrobe composite fungus agent.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of amphimicrobe composite fungus agent, said composite fungus agent is made up of cellulomonas cartae, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, white-rot fungi, subtilis; Said cellulomonas cartae screening and separating from bovine rumen liquid obtains.
Further, the volume ratio of each component is following in the said composite fungus agent: cellulomonas cartae: Phanerochaete chrysosporium: white-rot fungi: subtilis=20-30:15-25:15-30:20-30.
Further, the inoculum size of each component is following in the said composite fungus agent: cellulomonas cartae 30%, Phanerochaete chrysosporium 20%, white-rot fungi 25%, subtilis 25%.
Second purpose of the present invention provides the preparation method of this amphimicrobe composite fungus agent; Cellulomonas cartae, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, white-rot fungi, subtilis are pressed the proportioning combined inoculation in mixed fermentive culture medium after the enlarged culturing respectively, initial pH7.0, air flow 0.5v/vmin; Rotating speed 200r/min; Cultivate 24 ~ 48h for 37 ℃, make the number of viable of its bacterium liquid reach 2,500,000,000 every milliliter, accomplish the preparation of amphimicrobe composite fungus agent.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention provides the application of amphimicrobe composite fungus agent in degrading straw.
The effect of each bacterial classification is following in the amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of the present invention:
Cellulomonas cartae: this bacterial strain can both be grown under aerobic and oxygen free condition and acid is produced in metabolism, Mierocrystalline cellulose and semicellulose in the ability decomposing straw.
White-rot fungi: this bacterial strain can be secreted born of the same parents' external oxidation enzyme liberating xylogen, and the ability of lignin degrading is superior to the ability of degraded cellulose.
Phanerochaete chrysosporium: the same white-rot fungi of this bacterial strain function, main lignin degrading.
Subtilis: this bacterial strain is a kind of aerobic sporiferous rod-shaped bacterium, is to decompose semicellulose in this major function.
The amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of the present invention agricultural crop straw of well degrading, and improve the fermentation gas rate of agricultural crop straw.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the comparison diagram of the amphimicrobe composite fungus agent degrading straw lignocellulose for preparing among the embodiments of the invention 2-5.
Fig. 2 inserts 30 days accumulation of pig manure fermentation to produce the biogas comparison diagram behind the amphimicrobe composite fungus agent degrading straw for preparing among the embodiments of the invention 2-5.
Embodiment
Experimental technique among the following embodiment and used reagent and equipment if no special instructions, are ordinary method, conventional reagent and equipment.
Bacterial classification or reagent that the present invention uses:
1, white-rot fungi (White-rot fungi): available from Chinese industrial microbial strains preservation administrative center, deposit number: CICC 40299;
2, Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Phanerochaete chrysosporium): available from Chinese industrial microbial strains preservation administrative center, deposit number: CICC 40719;
3, subtilis (Bacillus subtilis): available from Chinese industrial microbial strains preservation administrative center, deposit number: CICC 10090.
In the embodiment of the invention, the culture medium prescription of application is following:
1, cellulomonas cartae primary dcreening operation substratum (g/L): Xylo-Mucine 5.0g; Ammonium sulfate 2.0g; Potassium primary phosphate 2.0 g; MAGNESIUM SULPHATE HEPTAHYDRATE 99.5 1.0 g; FERROUS SULPHATE.HEPTAHYDRATE,FE-20 10.0mg; Manganous chloride tetrahydrate 5mg; Sodium-chlor 3.0g; Agar powder 20.0g; Zero(ppm) water 1L; Adjust pH 6.7.
2, cellulomonas cartae sieves substratum (g/L) again: peptone 2.0g; Yeast extract paste 1.0g; Xylo-Mucine 5.0g; Ammonium sulfate 2.0 g; Potassium primary phosphate 2.0 g; MAGNESIUM SULPHATE HEPTAHYDRATE 99.5 1.0 g; FERROUS SULPHATE.HEPTAHYDRATE,FE-20 10.0mg; Manganous chloride tetrahydrate 5mg; Sodium-chlor 3.0 g; Agar powder 20.0g; Zero(ppm) water 1L; Adjust pH 6.7.Resazurin 0.2% (be stored in after the preparation refrigerator in) 1 mL, feeding nitrogen flooding oxygen 5min after in the big triangular flask of 1L, substratum being boiled 10min, to add mass percent again be 0.05% L-half Guang ammonia hydrochloric acid salt.
3, cellulomonas cartae enzymatic production substratum (g/L): peptone 3.0g; Yeast 3.0g; Xylo-Mucine 5.0g; Ammonium sulfate 2.0g; Potassium primary phosphate 2.0g; MAGNESIUM SULPHATE HEPTAHYDRATE 99.5 1.0 g; FERROUS SULPHATE.HEPTAHYDRATE,FE-20 10.0mg; Manganous chloride tetrahydrate 5mg; Sodium-chlor 3.0g; Agar powder 20.0g; Zero(ppm) water 1L; Adjust pH is 6.7.
4, Phanerochaete chrysosporium substratum (g/L): glucose 20g; Volumn concentration is 20% potato juice 1L; KH
2PO
43g; MgSO
47H
2O 1.5g; The VITMAIN B1 trace; Agar 15g.
5, white-rot fungi substratum (g/L): glucose 20g; Volumn concentration is 20% potato juice 1L; KH
2PO
43g; MgSO
47H
2O 1.5g; The VITMAIN B1 trace; Agar 15g.
6, bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium (g/L): sodium-chlor 0.5g; Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 1g; Peptone 1g; Agar 2g; Water 100mL; PH 7.2.
7, mixed fermentive culture medium (g/L): glucose 10.0g, Xylo-Mucine 5.0 g, peptone 2.0 g, yeast extract paste 1.0 g; Ammonium sulfate 2.0 g, potassium primary phosphate 2.0 g, MAGNESIUM SULPHATE HEPTAHYDRATE 99.5 1.0 g; FERROUS SULPHATE.HEPTAHYDRATE,FE-20 10.0 mg, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate 5 mg, sodium-chlor 10.0 g; Zero(ppm) water 1000 ml, pH7.0-7.2.
Amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of the present invention is made up of following material: cellulomonas cartae, white-rot fungi, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, subtilis.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of raw material
1, the separation method of cellulomonas cartae is following:
(1) primary dcreening operation:
Absorption 0.5ml bovine rumen liquid joins 49.5ml and contains in the saline water of granulated glass sphere, as 10
-2Extent of dilution, 10 min mixings and with supernatant 10 vibrate
-3, 10
-4, 10
-5The 0.2ml diluent is respectively got in dilution, adopts cellulomonas cartae primary dcreening operation substratum dilution coating; Each extent of dilution is done 2 times and is repeated, and cultivates 48 h for 37 ℃, and picking grows faster that bacterial strain carries out purifying; Adopt Congo red dull and stereotyped decoloring method therefrom to isolate the bacterial strain that 20 strains can produce transparent circle altogether; The bacterial strain that produces transparent circle with this understanding is cellulomonas cartae, through repeating that 5 strain transparent circles and the bigger bacterial strain of colony diameter are relatively arranged, is numbered 05,16,21,37,43 respectively; Wherein the ratio of No. 16, bacterial strain is maximum, prove ability the best of the cellulase-producing of No. 16 bacterial strains.Select this inoculation to cellulomonas cartae primary dcreening operation medium slant, 4 ℃ of preservations.
Table 1 bacterial strain transparent circle (D) compares with colony diameter (d)
All at the Congo red dull and stereotyped red strong transparent circle that forms, wherein the transparent circle diameter of No. 16 bacterial strains and colony diameter ratio are maximum, can judge tentatively that the cellulase-producing of this strain bacterium is stronger for above-mentioned 5 strain bacterial strains.
(2) multiple sieve:
The preparation cellulomonas cartae sieves substratum again, and loading amount is carried out system gas displacement 15min in Hungate anaerobism pipe and with nitrogen (purity is 99.9%, and through the deoxygenation of deoxygenation copper post); Add after the effective rubber stopper seal of Hungate anaerobism and be placed on 121 ℃ of sterilizations 30 minutes; The bacterial strain that under the aseptic technique primary dcreening operation is obtained picks a spot of bacterial strain with transfering loop from the enrichment flat board and inserts the anaerobism pipe and roll pipe, seal to add a cover with rubber plug to place 37 ℃ of cultivations, until roll grow bacterium colony on the pipe till; Picking colony carries out separation and purification again; Repeatedly bacterial classification is selected in the dilution coating, up to consistent in the bacterial classification form of microscopically observation, and final the preservation.
Separate the cellulomonas cartae amphimicrobe strain characteristics obtain: bacterial strain cellulomonas cartae sieve again cultivated for 2 weeks in the substratum after; Rounded or the concentric(al) circles of bacterium colony that forms; Opaque, rough, surface wettability, edge be complete, produce yellow pigment; Diameter is 0.8 ~ 3.7mm, and the hydrolysis loop diameter is 3.0 ~ 13.0mm; Strain cell is rod-short, amphimicrobian, Gram-positive; Size is 0.35 μ m ~ 1.2 μ m, and few part thalline produces gemma, can move; Atrichia; Most Dan Sheng, the paired or bunchiness of minority determines that it is cellulomonas cartae (Cellulomonas) through Physiology and biochemistry experiment and molecules preliminary evaluation.
2, the enlarged culturing of cellulomonas cartae:
In the triangular flask of 250mL, add 50mL cellulomonas cartae primary dcreening operation substratum, behind 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min, in cellulomonas cartae inoculation to the cellulomonas cartae primary dcreening operation substratum that obtains behind the multiple sieve; Shaking speed 200r/min; 37 ℃ of temperature, incubation time 24 h promptly get seed liquor.Seed liquor is equipped with in the 250mL triangular flask of 50ml (250mL) cellulomonas cartae enzymatic production substratum by 6% inoculum size access; Shaking speed 200r/min temperature is cultivated for 37 ℃; Cultivate the back and adopt the colony counting method counting, the cellulomonas cartae bacterium number that makes every milliliter of nutrient solution is 10
9More than.
3, the enlarged culturing of white-rot fungi:
The aseptic technique of white-rot fungi bacterial classification is inoculated in the white-rot fungi substratum, preparation slant preservation bacterial classification, shaking speed 200r/min, 37 ℃ of temperature, incubation time 24 h promptly get seed liquor.Seed liquor is equipped with in the 250ml triangular flask of 50ml white-rot fungi substratum by 4% inoculum size access, shaking speed 200r/min, temperature is cultivated for 37 ℃, cultivates the back and adopts the colony counting method counting, and the white-rot fungi bacterium number that makes every milliliter of nutrient solution is 10
9More than.
4, the enlarged culturing of Phanerochaete chrysosporium:
The aseptic technique of Phanerochaete chrysosporium bacterial classification is inoculated in the Phanerochaete chrysosporium substratum, preparation slant preservation bacterial classification, shaking speed 200r/min, 37 ℃ of temperature, incubation time 24 h promptly get seed liquor.Seed liquor is equipped with in the 250ml triangular flask of 50ml Phanerochaete chrysosporium substratum by 4% inoculum size access; Shaking speed 200r/min; Temperature is cultivated for 37 ℃, cultivates the back and adopts the colony counting method counting, and the Phanerochaete chrysosporium bacterium number that makes every milliliter of nutrient solution is 10
9More than.
5, the enlarged culturing of subtilis:
The subtilis aseptic technique is inoculated in the bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium; Preparation slant preservation bacterial classification; The slant strains aseptic technique is inoculated in the 250ml triangular flask that 50ml bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium is housed rotating speed 200r/min, 37 ℃ of constant temperature culture 24h.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of the present invention
With the seed liquor of the bacterial classification cellulomonas cartae of each independent enlarged culturing among the embodiment 1, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, white-rot fungi, subtilis respectively by inoculum size 20%, 15%, 15%, 20% combined inoculation in the 1L mixed fermentive culture medium; Initial pH7.0; Air flow 0.5v/vmin; Rotating speed 200r/min cultivates 24 ~ 48h, makes the number of viable of its bacterium liquid reach 2,500,000,000 every milliliter for 37 ℃.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of the present invention
Present embodiment is with difference among the embodiment 2: the seed liquor of the bacterial classification cellulomonas cartae of each independent enlarged culturing, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, white-rot fungi, subtilis is mixed by inoculum size 25%, 20%, 20%, 25% respectively, and all the other steps are all identical.
Embodiment 4
The preparation of amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of the present invention
Present embodiment is with difference among the embodiment 2: the seed liquor of the bacterial classification cellulomonas cartae of each independent enlarged culturing, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, white-rot fungi, subtilis is mixed by inoculum size 30%, 20%, 25%, 25% respectively, and all the other steps are all identical.
Embodiment 5
The preparation of amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of the present invention
Present embodiment is with difference among the embodiment 2: the seed liquor of the bacterial classification cellulomonas cartae of each independent enlarged culturing, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, white-rot fungi, subtilis is mixed by inoculum size 30%, 25%, 30%, 30% respectively, and all the other steps are all identical.
Embodiment 6
Amphimicrobe composite fungus agent degrading straw experiment of the present invention:
With 100g wheat stalk raw material crushing; Add aqueous solution of urea, make that total solids level remains on about 20% in the system, insert the amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of the present invention for preparing among 4% (percent by volume) embodiment 2-5 respectively; Control group does not add microbial inoculum; In beaker, mix thoroughly and add a cover plastics film and carry out stack retting, 37 ℃ of stack rettings 5 days, the content and the degradation rate of straw lignin, Mierocrystalline cellulose and semicellulose surveyed in sampling.Record result such as table 2 and Fig. 1.
Table 2
Can be known by table 2 and Fig. 1: the efficient of four kinds of composite fungus agent degrading straws has nothing in common with each other; The degradation rate of xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose and semicellulose can reach 21%-30%, 33%-43%, 20%-36% respectively, and wherein the degradation efficiency of the amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of embodiment 4 preparations is best.
Embodiment 7
The amphimicrobe composite fungus agent stack retting stalk of using method preparation of the present invention produces the natural pond experiment:
The 50g pig manure is inserted respectively in the wheat stalk after the amphimicrobe composite fungus agent stack retting of embodiments of the invention 2-5 preparation is finished dealing with; Stir; Sealing is jumped a queue, and places 37 ℃ of water-baths to produce the natural pond experiment, adopts the hydraulic type method to collect the gas that fermentation produces.Produce the volume of gas every day according to the volume metering of collecting saturated aqueous common salt in the graduated cylinder.From carrying out beginning in the 1st day of anaerobically fermenting, every day each covering device of time recording gas production rate, write down 30 days.Every group of test repeats for 3 times, and each test index that records all is the MV of 3 tests.The result is as shown in Figure 2, and the average accumulated gas production rate is respectively 4268ml, 5104ml, 6354ml, 5678ml, explains that the amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of embodiments of the invention 4 preparations more can effectively improve the stalk fermentation factor of created gase.
What should explain at last is: the above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Be not limited to the present invention; Although the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to previous embodiment; For a person skilled in the art, it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. amphimicrobe composite fungus agent, it is characterized in that: said composite fungus agent is made up of cellulomonas cartae, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, white-rot fungi, subtilis; Said cellulomonas cartae screening and separating from bovine rumen liquid obtains.
2. amphimicrobe composite fungus agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the volume ratio of each component is following in the said composite fungus agent: cellulomonas cartae: Phanerochaete chrysosporium: white-rot fungi: subtilis=20-30:15-25:15-30:20-30.
3. amphimicrobe composite fungus agent according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the inoculum size of each component is following in the said composite fungus agent: cellulomonas cartae 30%, Phanerochaete chrysosporium 20%, white-rot fungi 25%, subtilis 25%.
4. the preparation method of the arbitrary described amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of claim 1-3; It is characterized in that: cellulomonas cartae, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, white-rot fungi, subtilis are pressed the proportioning combined inoculation in mixed fermentive culture medium after the enlarged culturing respectively, initial pH7.0, air flow 0.5v/vmin; Rotating speed 200r/min; Cultivate 24 ~ 48h for 37 ℃, make the number of viable of its bacterium liquid reach 2,500,000,000 every milliliter, accomplish the preparation of amphimicrobe composite fungus agent.
5. the application of the arbitrary described amphimicrobe composite fungus agent of claim 1-3 in degrading straw.
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| CN107435053A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2017-12-05 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of white-rot fungi pretreatment agricultural crop straw quickly produces the fermentation process of biogas |
| CN106306359A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 江西南大硒谷农业科技有限公司 | Method for preparing feed for grass feed animal through straw fermentation |
| CN106811422A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-09 | 安吉国千环境科技有限公司 | Microbial inoculum cultural method and the technique for carrying out stalk fermentation pretreatment using the microbial inoculum |
| CN106948797A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-07-14 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A kind of method for increasing production coal bed gas |
| CN106948797B (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2020-02-11 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Method for increasing production of coal bed gas |
| CN107142210A (en) * | 2017-04-23 | 2017-09-08 | 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 | A kind of compound method of hard stalk fermentation microbial inoculum |
| CN113046278A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-06-29 | 北京联合大学 | Composite microbial agent for fermenting and degrading cellulose in straws |
| CN114586640A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-07 | 山西农业大学农学院(山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所) | Wheat straw based cultivation mechanism and manufacturing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |