Background technology
Diabetes are absolute or relative deficiency and the chronic endocrine metabolism disease that causes by insulin, and its main feature is hyperglycemia and multiple complications and deposits.The sickness rate of China's diabetes presents increases trend year by year, and wherein 90% is non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.The patient adds up to 4,000 ten thousand, predicts China's diabetics in 2025 according to WHO and will break through 5,000 ten thousand.The diabetes characteristics are that chronic hyperglycemia is followed because of insulin secretion and effect the defective sugar, fat and the protein metabolism disorder that cause.Its long-term hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia are the major reasons that causes the body visceral organ injury, therefore, correct the important means that the glycolipid metabolism disorder is treatment diabetes and complication thereof.The infringement of rule of life, diet, environment, emotion and all kinds of chemical substances that it and people are daily has close relationship.Its basic pathology physiology is the absolute or relative hyposecretion of insulin in the body, thereby causes carbohydrate, fat, protein, the metabolism disorder of power and water solution matter.Diabetes (hyperglycemia) all can exert an influence to each age group, have become the public health problem in serious threat human health and life-span.
People think that diabetes are that insulin function goes down or insulin function is impaired and cause more, and hypoinsulinism in the diabetics body causes blood sugar increasing.In fact, most type 2 diabetes mellitus patients' islet function does not have big infringement, and function is within normal range, and wherein 80% patient also has hyperinsulinemia.Therefore, be not insulin very little, but because insulin resistant, normal biological effect deficiency cause blood glucose high, and too high blood glucose is only the direct inducement of many complication.The reason that produces insulin resistant mainly contains the insulin molecule structure defectiveness of B cell secretion, does not have normal physiological function, the Insulin receptor INSR deficiency, and in conjunction with reducing, histiocyte is to insulin insensitivity; The influence of insulin antibody and make insulin lose due function of blood sugar reduction; The hormonal readiness of antagonism insulin increases, to hypoglycemic activity of glucagon etc., therefore reduce or eliminate insulin resistant, the interior normocrinic insulin of body is played one's part to the full, just can reach the blood sugar lowering level and fundamentally eliminate diabetes and complication.
At present, the oral drugs that are used for prevention and treatment diabetes (hyperglycemia) on the domestic and international market are a lot, and Chinese medicine is arranged, and Western medicine is also arranged.Western medicine mainly contains sulfonylurea such as glyburide, minidiab, biguanides such as metformin, metformin, glucosidase inhibitor such as acarbose etc.Chinese medicine mainly contains JIANGTANGSHU, golden luxuriant metformin, YUQUAN WAN, the jade plate sheet etc. of quenching one's thirst.These medicines are removed on diabetes patient's misery and have been played great role in treatment and prevent diabetes.But along with the variation with disease of increasing of diabetes patient's quantity, exploitation prevents safer and more effectively and medicine or health product for the treatment of diabetes (hyperglycemia) remain a very significant job.
The present invention is exactly a kind of Chinese medicine composition with relevant diseases such as the diabetes of preventing and treating and complication thereof of finding and extract from natural plants.Said composition is to become composition of natural products by the effective ingredient innovative combination, from several different mechanism of action treatment diabetes of starting with, many target spots of multicomponent synergism reaches combination of long drives and drop shots, the effect for the treatment of both the principal and secondary aspects of a disease is in the hope of having significant breakthrough and raising from curative effect and safety.
Ramulus Mori is that moraceae plants is the dry twig of moraceae plants Mulberry Morus alba L..Mainly contain flavone component Sang Su, mulberrochromene, cyclomulberrin, cyclomulberrochromene, morindone, tetrahydroxystilbene, Dihydromorin., dihydrokaempferol etc., and alkaloid component, main representative composition is nojirimycin.The Ramulus Mori hypoglycemic activity is also early on the books, as Compendium of Material Medica: " Ramulus Mori is treated all over body pruritus due to wind pathogen drying, holds concurrently and treats xerostomia "." Bencao Tujing " cloud: Ramulus Mori " treat all over body pruritus due to wind pathogen drying, spasm of the limbs is felt dizzy, help digestion, and diuresis, clever knowledge is held concurrently and is treated xerostomia ".The flat bitter in the mouth of Ramulus Mori is gone into liver, spleen, lung, kidney channel.Have the effect of wind-damp dispelling, sharp joint, row aqueous vapor, cure mainly diseases such as anemofrigid-damp arthralgia, spasm of the limbs, beriberi edema, skin pruritus due to wind pathogen.Modern medicine and pharmacology has not only been verified above-mentioned functions, but also new discovery Ramulus Mori have effects such as blood sugar lowering, antiinflammatory.The Ramulus Mori granule of market sale is the granule of Ramulus Mori through being processed into, YIN nourishing and the production of body fluid promoting, promoting blood circulation to remove obstruction in the collateral is used for interior-heat caused by deficiency of YIN, the diabetes due to the obstruction of collaterals by blood stasis, contain the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor active component, effectively reduce postprandial plasma glucose level, fasting blood sugar and fructosamine level; Research Ramulus Mori extract such as Liu Xianming improve significantly to acute hyperlipidemia mice blood fat; Plumbum preparatium pellet etc. studies show that total mulberry twig flavone has antioxidant activity; Xing Dongjie etc. studies show that Ramulus Mori extract can obviously reduce the content of blood glucose in diabetic rats, raising activity of SOD in serum, reduction MDA, and diabetes rat blood fat, hemorheology index all have improvement effect in various degree; Xing Dongjie research finds that also the total mulberry twig flavone extract can obviously reduce type 2 diabetes mellitus rat blood sugar, saccharifying serum albumin, improves insulin sensitivity sex index; Kimura discovers that the blood glucose in diabetic mice that the polyhydroxylated alkaloid that contains in the Ramulus Mori can make streptozotocin cause reduces; After usefulness such as Ye Fei contain the forage feed alloxan diabetes mice 15d of Ramulus Mori water extract, find that hyperglycemia symptom and hyperlipidemia make moderate progress, kidney is overweight, and ratio reduces, thereby the explanation Ramulus Mori is effective to treatment diabetes and complication thereof.
Herba Centellae is the herb of samphire Herba Centellae (Centella asiaticaLinn.), and the beginning is stated from Shennong's Herbal, classifies middle product as, and is bitter, hot, cold, returns the liver,spleen,kidney warp, has clearing away heat-damp and promoting diuresis, the effect of removing toxic substances and promoting subsidence of swelling.Be used for jaundice due to damp-heat, heatstroke diarrhoea, sand Stranguria stranguria with blood, carbuncle sore tumefacting virus, traumatic injury.In recent years research report Herba Centellae has the promotion wound healing, softening cicatrix, and psoriasis, antidepressant, resisting hyperplasia of mammary glands, anti-hepatic fibrosis, anticancer, the treatment edema protects the liver the effects such as treatment of blood sugar lowering and complication.The effective ingredient of Herba Centellae is asiatic centella total saponins, asiatic acid, Madecassic acid etc., Song Chun studies clearly and has reported that effective ingredient Herba Centellae total acid, asiatic acid, the Madecassic acid in the Herba Centellae has the effect that reduces post-prandial glycemia and prevent and treat diabetes, and its principle is to produce effect by the activity that suppresses alpha-glucosidase; Zheng Chenghong discovers, the Herba Centellae aqueous extract has obvious blood sugar lowering level, lose weight, blood fat reducing and insulin resistance index level, improve the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus rat insulin opposing, the effect of its blood sugar lowering, blood lipid level and metformin therapeutic equivalence, its effect that reduces the IRI level is better than metformin.Wang Xuesong discovers, Asiatic polysaccharide have protein phosphatase PTP1B inhibitor effect, and regulate the effect of immunity; So Herba Centellae has the effect for the treatment of diabetes and complication thereof.
Herba Cichorii is Uygur nationality's conventional crude drugs, has edible and medical value, is dry aerial parts or the root of Cichorium plant Herba Cichorii (Cichorium intybus L.) or saussurea intybus (Cichorium glandulosum Bioss.et Huet.).Has the liver heat removing function of gallbladder promoting, invigorating the stomach and promoting digestion, the effect of inducing diuresis to remove edema.Be used for jaundice due to damp-heat, stomachache lack of appetite, edema oliguria.The considerable of research studies confirm that Herba Cichorii has function of blood sugar reduction both at home and abroad.The capsule that Herba Cichorii is made after chemical extraction can reduce blood glucose, blood fat, the serum uric acid level of composite animal model, has the many-side effect that improves metabolism disorder.The gorgeous grade of high cloud adopts alloxan hyperglycemia model rat, observes the different extracts of Herba Cichorii to the influence of animal pattern blood glucose, blood T-CHOL (TC) and total triglyceride (TG), result of the test shows that the Herba Cichorii ethanol extract is better than decocting in water precipitate with ethanol extract to model blood sugar lowering, blood TC and TG aspect curative effect.Liu Xiaoqing etc. will mould rat hyperlipemia model fast and be used for mice hyperlipemia model, the Herba Cichorii extract of experimental result proof various dose can obviously reduce the serum total cholesterol of hyperlipemia in mice, total triglyceride, nitric oxide and lipid peroxide level, superoxide dismutase activity improving.Liu Xiaoqing etc. use again with the similar Carnis Coturnicis japonicae hyperuricemia model of human metabolism and prove that low dose of Herba Cichorii extract can obviously reduce the serum uric acid level of animal pattern, and Herba Cichorii extract has tangible uric acid resisting effect.There is research report Herba Cichorii extract to have the effect of Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase (PTP1B) inhibitor again, can be used for treating the application of medicine or the health product of diabetes.So Herba Centellae has the effect for the treatment of diabetes and complication thereof.
The Flos Sophorae Immaturus is the conventional Chinese medicine of integration of edible and medicinal herbs, is the dry flower of leguminous plant Chinese scholartree, and Shennong's Herbal is classified it as top grade, and bitter in the mouth is slightly cold, and has cooling blood for hemostasis, effects such as purging liver-fire.Domestic and international medical worker studies its effect in recent years, find that its effective ingredient has various active such as anti-cancer and cancer-preventing, antiplatelet aggregation, analgesia, antibiotic, antiviral, defying age, antiinflammatory, antiallergic, free radical resisting and antioxidation, to improving myocardium circulation, heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, blood fat reducing, vessel softening, antiinflammatory the kidney invigorating etc. good preventive and therapeutic effect is arranged, nontoxic, harmless to human body, do not have deadly, carcinogenic, teratogenesis, a mutagenic action.The Flos Sophorae Immaturus mainly contains rutin, birch skin alcohol, sophoradiol and Flos Sophorae Immaturus first, second, third element, also contains Quercetin, kaikasaponin I, II, III etc.Wherein the effective ingredient that content is the highest is rutin (having another name called rutin)." the northeast medicine is planted will " record, the Flos Sophorae Immaturus have the effect of the retinitis for the treatment of diabetes, are to reach therapeutical effect by suppressing the aldose reductase effect, and suppression ratio is 95% during rutin 10-5mol/L concentration, and this effect is conducive to the cataractous treatment of diabetes type.Jiang Baohong etc. have investigated externally has the rutin of strong aldose reductase activity to the preventive and therapeutic effect of rat diabetes nephropathy (DN), conclusion prompting rutin can be improved alloxan rat diabetes nephropathy, and its mechanism is relevant with the elimination oxygen-derived free radicals with the inhibition aldose reductase.Rutin has the free radical scavenging effect (at 10-2molL external
-1The time suppression ratio reach 31.4%) and aldose reductase inhibition activity (at 10-2molL
-1The time suppression ratio reach 74.2%), stop glucose to change sorbitol into, weaken the sorbitol path and activate the infringement that rat is caused; In addition, rutin can reduce nephridial tissue lipid peroxidase (LPO) activity, delays oxygen-derived free radicals to the further damage of human body; Rutin is by suppressing the paf receptor activation, thereby and then the reaction brought out of blocking-up PAF play the cardiovascular effect of protection; Zhu Jianlin discovers that rutin has inhibitory action to the castrated rats lipid peroxidation, can suppress the decline of rat anti oxidative system oxidation resistance after the castration.Rutin has the descend decline of the oxidation resistance cause of antagonism endogenous estrogen, has antioxidation.Bring high blood pressure down in addition in addition, strengthen capillary resistance, reduce capillary fragility, blood fat reducing, coronary artery dilator, effects such as coronary blood flow increasing.Effect with treatment diabetic complication.
In sum, four Chinese medicine share with different effective substances has very clear and definite blood sugar lowering pharmacology effect from different action target spots and approach, can be with diabetes patient's blood glucose regulation to normal level.Therefore said composition can be used for preparing medicine and the health product with relevant diseases such as the diabetes of preventing and treating and complication thereof.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention is, principle based on modern pathology molecular mechanism and Traditional Chinese medical theory combination, through a large amount of discovering, the mixture of Ramulus Mori or extract, Herba Centellae or extract, Herba Cichorii or extract, the Flos Sophorae Immaturus or extract has significant curative effect for treatment of diabetes, can be used for being prepared into the medicine for the treatment of diabetes.This modern composition of natural products, wherein contained a large amount of Protein-tyrosine-phosphatases (PTP1B) inhibitor composition, aldose reductase suppresses composition, the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor composition, component for reducing blood fat, eliminate the oxygen-derived free radicals composition, mutual synergism, many target spots, the multipath effect, diabetes patient's body is fundamentally regulated in the combination of four medicines comprehensively, improve diabetes patient's physical condition, and, four flavor Chinese medicines contained different effective substances have very clear and definite blood sugar lowering pharmacology effect from different action target spots and approach, can be with diabetes patient's blood glucose regulation to normal level.Can be used for preparing medicine and health product with relevant diseases such as the diabetes of preventing and treating and complication thereof.Have tangible novelty and technological progress.
Two of the object of the invention is, the formation of Herba Centellae energy antagonism insulin antibody, Ramulus Mori has the effect of the hormonal readiness that reduces the antagonism insulin, the Flos Sophorae Immaturus has the effect that suppresses aldose reductase and eliminate oxygen-derived free radicals, Herba Cichorii has the effect that improves metabolism disorder, after share, four flavor Chinese medicines reduced insulin resistant, improved the sensitivity of insulin, make it give play to original biological effect, thereby reach the therapeutical effect of blood sugar lowering and diabetic complication, the effect that this natural compositions reaches is that chemical drugs treatment diabetes are not available, and this is the most outstanding contribution of the present invention.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to extract active component, the preparation composition of natural products with blood sugar reducing function from natural plants Ramulus Mori, Herba Centellae, Herba Cichorii, the Flos Sophorae Immaturus.
The invention provides the compositions that a kind of Chinese medicine with relevant diseases such as the diabetes of preventing and treating and complication thereof is made, said composition comprises Ramulus Mori 100-500 part, Herba Centellae 50-250 part, Herba Cichorii 50-250 part, Flos Sophorae Immaturus 40-200 part, also can be Ramulus Mori extract 20-100 part, Herba Centellae extract 10-50 part, Herba Cichorii extract 10-50 part, Flos Sophorae Immaturus extract 10-40 part, make according to aforementioned proportion mixing composition active ingredient and pharmaceutic adjuvant.
Another object of the present invention has provided the method for extracting active component respectively from Ramulus Mori, Herba Centellae, Herba Cichorii, the Flos Sophorae Immaturus, and this method comprises:
(1) Ramulus Mori extract preparation: Ramulus Mori extracts 2-3 time with the alcoholic solution of 8-15 times of 40%-95%, and each 1-3 hour, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol concentrates, and is drying to obtain Ramulus Mori extract;
(2) Herba Centellae extract preparation: Herba Centellae is extracted 2-4 time with 8-20 times of deionized water, and each 1-3 hour, to filter, filtrate concentrates, and is drying to obtain Herba Centellae extract;
(3) Herba Cichorii extract preparation: Herba Cichorii is extracted 2-3 time with the alcoholic solution of 10-16 times of 40%-85%, and each 1-3 hour, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol concentrates, and is drying to obtain Herba Cichorii extract;
(4) Flos Sophorae Immaturus extract preparation: the Flos Sophorae Immaturus extracts 2-3 time with the alcoholic solution of 8-14 times of 40%-90%, and each 1-3 hour, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol concentrates, and is drying to obtain Flos Sophorae Immaturus extract.
Another object of the present invention has provided above-mentioned active component of separating and has prevented and treated the medicine of diabetes and the application in the health food in preparation from Ramulus Mori, Herba Centellae, Herba Cichorii, the Flos Sophorae Immaturus.
The present invention has the prescription science with respect to prior art, determined curative effect, have no side effect, taking convenience, cheap advantage.
Because the present invention discloses the effect that the compositions of being made up of Ramulus Mori or extract, Herba Centellae or extract, Herba Cichorii or extract, the Flos Sophorae Immaturus or extract has relevant diseases such as the diabetes of preventing and treating and complication thereof first; therefore; this compositions cooperated separately or with other active constituent or adjuvant make medicament; so long as this medicament is used for prevention and treatment hyperglycemia and complication thereof, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Compositions of the present invention all has the effect of prevention and treatment hyperglycemia when making any dosage form.
The compositions of being made up of Ramulus Mori or extract, Herba Centellae or extract, Herba Cichorii or extract, the Flos Sophorae Immaturus or extract (abbreviation compositions) has hypoglycemic activity, is confirmed by following pharmacodynamic experiment.
1, this product compositions causes the influence of mice hyperglycemia to glucose
Get 60 of male and female half and half mices, be divided into 6 groups at random by body weight, be respectively blank group (10ml/kg water), model control group (10ml/kg water), jade plate is quenched one's thirst sheet group, compositions group according to the following table administration, in 7 days every day gastric infusion once, irritate the long-pending 10ml/kg that is of body of stomach, fasting is 5 hours before the last administration, and the last administration is after 2 hours, except the blank group, all the other respectively organize equal lumbar injection glucose 2g/kg, respectively at behind the injectable dextrose monohydrate 0.5,1 and 2 hour, with sacrifice of animal, get blood, survey blood glucose with glucose oxidase method.Result of the test sees Table 1.
Table 1 this product compositions causes the influence of mice hyperglycemia to glucose
Compare with model control group: * P<0.05; * P<0.01; * * P<0.001
The result shows: this product can obviously reduce the hyperglycemia that glucose causes in 0.5 and 1 hour behind injectable dextrose monohydrate, and tangible dose-effect relationship is arranged, and in the time of 2 hours, did not have obviously to reduce the mice hyperglycemia that glucose causes.
2, this product causes the influence of mice hyperglycemia to epinephrine
Get 60 of male and female half and half mices, be divided into 6 groups at random by body weight, be respectively blank group (10ml/kg water), model control group (10ml/kg water), jade plate is quenched one's thirst sheet group, compositions group according to the following table administration, in 7 days every day gastric infusion once, irritate the long-pending 10ml/kg that is of body of stomach, fasting is 5 hours before the last administration, and the last administration is after 2 hours, except the blank group, all the other respectively organize equal lumbar injection epinephrine 240ug/kg, respectively at the injection epinephrine after 0.5,1 and 2 hour, with sacrifice of animal, get blood, survey blood glucose with glucose oxidase method.
Result of the test sees Table 2.
Table 2 this product compositions causes the influence of mice hyperglycemia to epinephrine
Compare with model control group: * P<0.05; * P<0.01; * * P<0.01
The result shows: this product compositions all can obviously reduce the hyperglycemia that epinephrine causes in observed time range, and is the most remarkable with effect in 0.5 hour especially.
3, this product compositions causes the influence of mice hyperglycemia to streptozotocin
80 of male mices are got 10 at random as the blank group, and all the other mouse tail vein injection streptozotocin (with the preparation of 0.05M citric acid pH4.5 solution, using immediately in 4 ℃ of ice baths) 200mg/kg causes diabetes model.Inject back 72 hours mice socket of the eye veins and get blood survey blood glucose, deletion does not cause the diabetes model, and the person (surveys preceding fasting 12 hours, blood glucose value is lower than 11.11mmol/L), continue to employ mice and be divided into 5 groups at random, 10 every group, in 7 days, be administered once every day by dosage shown in the table 3, after the last administration 2 hours,, the socket of the eye vein is got blood, surveys blood glucose with ortho-aminotoluene method (ultramicro method).Result of the test sees Table 3.
Table 3 this product compositions causes the influence of mice hyperglycemia to streptozotocin
Compare with model control group: * P<0.05; * P<0.01; * * P<0.01
The result shows: this product combination object height, middle dosage group cause that to streptozotocin the mice hyperglycemia has tangible reduction effect, and low dose group causes that to streptozotocin the effect of mice hyperglycemia is not obvious.
4, this product compositions is to the influence of alloxan diabetes mouse blood sugar and serum insulin levels
80 of male mices, get 10 at random as the blank group, all the other mouse tail vein injection alloxan 70mg/kg, cause diabetes model, inject back 96 hours mice socket of the eye veins and get blood with ortho-aminotoluene method (ultramicro method) survey blood glucose, the deletion person that do not cause the diabetes model or blood glucose superelevation person (blood glucose value be lower than 20mmol/L and be higher than 40mmol/L discard), continue to employ mice and be divided into 5 groups immediately at random, every group 10, weigh every day, amount of drinking water, appetite and urine is amount just, in 12 days, be administered once every day by dosage shown in the table 4, after the last administration 2 hours, the socket of the eye vein was got blood, separation of serum, survey blood glucose with glucose oxidase method, measure insulin content with radio immunoassay.Result of the test sees Table 4.
Table 4 this product is to the influence of alloxan diabetes mouse blood sugar and serum insulin levels
Compare with model control group: * P<0.05; * P<0.01
The result shows: under used dosage, this product causes that to alloxan the mice hyperglycemia has tangible reduction effect, and obvious dose-effect relationship is arranged, and can obviously improve symptoms more than three such as alloxan hyperglycemia mice polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, but weight of mice is not had obvious influence; Its high dose group also has facilitation to the release of insulin in the alloxan hyperglycemia mice serum.
The present invention is described in detail by the following examples, but does not mean that the present invention only limits to this, and specific embodiments is as follows:
Embodiment 1,The preparation of extract
(1) Ramulus Mori extract preparation: Ramulus Mori extracts 3 times with 12 times 60% alcoholic solution, and each 2 hours, filtration, filtrate recycling ethanol, concentrated, be drying to obtain Ramulus Mori extract;
(2) Herba Centellae extract preparation: Herba Centellae is extracted 3 times with 14 times of distilled water, and each 2 hours, to filter, filtrate concentrates, and is drying to obtain Herba Centellae extract;
(3) Herba Cichorii extract preparation: Herba Cichorii is extracted 2-3 time with the alcoholic solution of 10-16 times of 40%-85%, and each 1-3 hour, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol concentrates, and is drying to obtain Herba Cichorii extract;
(4) Flos Sophorae Immaturus extract preparation: the Flos Sophorae Immaturus extracts 3 times with 12 times 70% alcoholic solution, and each 2 hours, filtration, filtrate recycling ethanol, concentrated, be drying to obtain Flos Sophorae Immaturus extract.
Embodiment 2, (capsule)
Ramulus Mori extract 150g, Herba Centellae extract 100g, Herba Cichorii extract 100g, Flos Sophorae Immaturus extract 50g, mix homogeneously is granulated, drying, granulate incapsulates, and makes 1000, namely.Each 2, every day 2 times.
Embodiment 3, (tablet)
Ramulus Mori extract 150g, Herba Centellae extract 100g, Herba Cichorii extract 100g, Flos Sophorae Immaturus extract 50g, mix homogeneously is granulated, drying, granulate, tabletting is made 1000, namely.Each 2, every day 2 times.