Summary of the invention
In view of this, be necessary a kind of anti-interference effective single polarization that is used for the mobile communication base station 16 beam antennas to be provided to the problems referred to above.
A kind of single polarization 16 beam antennas that are used for the mobile communication base station; Comprise the collinear array that metal floor, at least 8 row are parallel to each other, at least 8 first power splitters, at least 8 second power splitters, the first butler matrix feeding network, the second butler matrix feeding network; The quantity of first power splitter equates with the columns of collinear array; The quantity of second power splitter equates with the columns of collinear array; Collinear array is arranged on the upper surface of metal floor, and first power splitter and second power splitter are arranged on the lower surface of metal floor;
Every row collinear array is made up of at least 2 identical antenna radiation units; Each antenna radiation unit is made up of the antenna element of antenna element and 1-45 degree polarization mode of 1+45 degree polarization modes, and+antenna element square crossing that the antenna element and-45 of 45 degree polarization modes is spent polarization modes combines;
Each input port of the first butler matrix feeding network is connected with signal input cable, and each output port of the first butler matrix feeding network electrically connects with the synthetic port of the power of each first power splitter respectively; Each input port of the second butler matrix feeding network is connected with signal input cable, and each output port of the second butler matrix feeding network electrically connects with the synthetic port of the power of each second power splitter respectively;
In the quantity of the power division port of each first power splitter and the every row collinear array+number of the antenna element of 45 degree polarization modes equates, the number that-45 in the quantity of the power division port of each second power splitter and the every row collinear array spent the antenna element of polarization modes equates;
Each power division port of each first power splitter respectively with same row collinear array in+antenna element of 45 degree polarization modes electrically connects; Each power division port of each second power splitter respectively with same row collinear array in the antenna element of-45 degree polarization modes electrically connect.
The distance of adjacent two row collinear arrays is 0.3 λ-1.5 λ, and the distance of adjacent antenna radiating element is 0.3 λ-1.5 λ in every row collinear array.
Each collinear array is parallel to each other, and aligns each other in the two ends of all collinear arrays.
Each collinear array is parallel to each other, and the two ends of all odd columns align each other, aligns each other in the two ends of all even columns.
The distribution power magnitude of each power division port of each first power splitter is identical; Each adjacent power of each first power splitter distributes the distribution power of port to have identical phase difference; Make height pattern that an angle of declination arranged, the span of angle of declination be 0 spend to 40 the degree.
The distribution power magnitude of each power division port of each second power splitter is identical; Each adjacent power of each second power splitter distributes the distribution power of port to have identical phase difference; Make height pattern that a top rade arranged, the span of top rade be 0 spend to 40 the degree.
The structure of the first butler matrix feeding network and the second butler matrix feeding network is identical; When the columns of collinear array equals 8; Each butler matrix feeding network is made up of 1 octuple butler matrix; Isolate each other between each input port of octuple butler matrix, each input port of octuple butler matrix is as the input port of butler matrix feeding network, and each output port of octuple butler matrix is as the output port of butler matrix feeding network.
The structure of the first butler matrix feeding network and the second butler matrix feeding network is identical; When the columns of collinear array greater than 8 the time; Each butler matrix feeding network is made up of 1 octuple butler matrix and 1 power divider network; Isolate each other between each input port of octuple butler matrix; Each output port of octuple butler matrix connects the input port of power divider network; The number of output ports of power divider network equates that with the columns of collinear array each input port of octuple butler matrix is as the input port of butler matrix feeding network, and each output port of power divider network is as the output port of butler matrix feeding network.
Antenna structure of the present invention can form the wave beam of 8 fixed directional in the horizontal direction, forms the wave beam of 2 fixed directional in vertical direction, and the interference between 8 wave beams of horizontal direction is little, and the interference between 2 wave beams of vertical direction is little.16 beam antennas that technical scheme according to the present invention is processed, anti-interference effective, stable performance is easy to install, and can effectively reduce cost, and meets consumers' demand well.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; Single polarization 16 beam antennas that the present invention is used for the mobile communication base station comprise collinear array 104 (Fig. 1 classifies example as with 14 to describe) that at least 8 row are parallel to each other, 103, at least 8 first power splitters 105 of metal floor (among Fig. 2 be that example describe with 14), at least 8 second power splitters 106 (among Fig. 2 be that example describe with 14), the first butler matrix feeding network 107, the second butler matrix feeding network 108; The quantity of first power splitter 105 equates with the columns of collinear array 104; The quantity of second power splitter 106 equates with the columns of collinear array 104; Collinear array 104 is arranged on the upper surface of metal floor 103, and first power splitter 105 and second power splitter 106 are arranged on the lower surface of metal floor 103.
See also Fig. 3, the distance of adjacent two row collinear arrays 104 is 0.3 λ-1.5 λ.Form, and the distance of adjacent antenna radiating element 203 is 0.3 λ-1.5 λ in every row by identical antenna radiation unit 203 by at least 2 (among Fig. 3 are be that example describe with 10) for every row collinear array 104.Wherein, λ representes the wavelength of centre frequency correspondence in air of antenna working frequency range.
The arrangement mode of each collinear array 104 has:
1, each collinear array is parallel to each other, and aligns each other in the two ends of all collinear arrays.
2, each collinear array is parallel to each other, and the two ends of all odd columns align each other, aligns each other in the two ends of all even columns.
See also Fig. 4; Each antenna radiation unit 203 is made up of with the antenna element 201 of 1-45 degree polarization mode the antenna element 202 of 1+45 degree polarization modes, and+antenna element 201 square crossings that the antenna element 202 and-45 of 45 degree polarization modes is spent polarization modes combine.
See also Fig. 5; Each first power splitter 105 has the synthetic port 402 of 1 power and several power division ports 403, in the quantity of the power division port 403 of each first power splitter 105 and the every row collinear array 104+45 spend the antenna element of polarization modes number equate (what adopt among Fig. 5 is one minute ten power splitter).The distribution power magnitude of each power division port 403 of each first power splitter 105 and phase place can come to confirm according to the actual requirements.In the present embodiment, the distribution power magnitude of each power division port 403 of each first power splitter 105 is identical.Each adjacent power of each first power splitter 105 distributes the distribution power of port 403 to have identical phase difference, makes height pattern that an angle of declination arranged, and the span of angle of declination is 0 to spend to 40 degree, and in the present embodiment, angle of declination is 6 degree.
See also Fig. 6; Each second power splitter 106 has the synthetic port 404 of 1 power and several power division ports 405, and the number that-45 in the quantity of the power division port 404 of each second power splitter 106 and the every row collinear array 104 spent the antenna element of polarization modes equates (what adopt among Fig. 6 is one minute ten power splitter).The distribution power magnitude of each power division port 405 of each second power splitter 106 and phase place can come to confirm according to the actual requirements.In the present embodiment, the distribution power magnitude of each power division port 405 of each second power splitter 106 is identical.Each adjacent power of each second power splitter 106 distributes the distribution power of port 405 to have identical phase difference, makes height pattern that a top rade arranged, and the span of top rade is 0 to spend to 40 degree, and in the present embodiment, top rade is 6 degree.
The structure of the first butler matrix feeding network 107 and the second butler matrix feeding network 108 is identical.When the columns of collinear array equaled 8, each butler matrix feeding network is made up of 1 octuple butler matrix 602, and was as shown in Figure 7.Isolate each other between each input port of octuple butler matrix 602; Each input port of octuple butler matrix 602 is as the input port of butler matrix feeding network, and each output port of octuple butler matrix 602 is as the output port of butler matrix feeding network.
When the columns of collinear array greater than 8 the time, each butler matrix feeding network is made up of 1 octuple butler matrix 602 and 1 power divider network 601, and is as shown in Figure 8.Isolate each other between the input port of octuple butler matrix 602, the output port of octuple butler matrix 602 connects the input port of power divider network 601, and the number of output ports of power divider network 601 is identical with the columns of collinear array.
Fig. 9 is the particular circuit configurations of octuple butler matrix 602.Among Fig. 9,701 expression blenders, 702 expression phase shifters.
To sum up, whole electrical connection of the present invention is following:
The first butler matrix feeding network 107 is connected with signal input cable with each input port of the second butler matrix feeding network 108, and each output port of the first butler matrix feeding network 107 electrically connects with the synthetic port 402 of the power of each first power splitter 105 respectively; Each output port of the second butler matrix feeding network 108 electrically connects with the synthetic port 404 of the power of each second power splitter 106 respectively.Each power division port 403 of each first power splitter 105 respectively with same row collinear array 104 in+antenna element 202 of 45 degree polarization modes electrically connects; Each power division port 405 of each second power splitter 106 respectively with same row collinear array 104 in the antenna element 201 of-45 degree polarization modes electrically connect.
During each input port feed of butler matrix feeding network, the signal phase of output port is different linear change.Therefore, during each input port feed of butler matrix feeding network, the radiation beam of antenna horizontal direction is pointed to different; The wave beam that wherein input port 1 generation level+10 degree point to; The wave beam that input port 2 generation levels+60 degree point to, the wave beam that input port 3 generation levels-40 degree points to, the wave beam that input port 4 generation levels+20 degree point to; The wave beam that input port 5 generation levels-20 degree points to; The wave beam that input port 6 generation levels+40 degree point to, the wave beam that input port 7 generation levels-60 degree points to, the wave beam that input port 8 generation levels-10 degree points to.
When 8 ports of the first butler matrix feeding network 107 simultaneously during feed, antenna generation level point to ± 10 degree, ± 20 degree, ± 40 degree, ± 8 wave beams of 60 degree, and these 8 wave beams are at vertical direction 6 degree that have a down dip; When 8 ports of the second butler matrix feeding network 108 simultaneously during feed, antenna generation level point to ± 10 degree, ± 20 degree, ± 40 degree, ± 8 wave beams of 60 degree, and these 8 wave beams 6 degree that incline in vertical direction.Therefore; When 16 ports of these two butler matrix feeding networks simultaneously during feed; Antenna can produce 8 horizontal directivity patterns point to ± 10 degree, ± 20 degree, ± 40 degree, ± 60 degree have 6 with height pattern and spend the wave beam that has a down dip; Simultaneously antenna can produce 8 horizontal directivity patterns point to ± 10 degree, ± 20 degree, ± 40 degree, ± 60 degree and height pattern have 6 spend updips wave beam, promptly antenna can produce 16 wave beams.
Antenna structure of the present invention can form the wave beam of 8 fixed directional in the horizontal direction, forms the wave beam of 2 fixed directional in vertical direction, and the interference between 8 wave beams of horizontal direction is little, and the interference between 2 wave beams of vertical direction is little.16 beam antennas that technical scheme according to the present invention is processed, stable performance is easy to install, and can effectively reduce cost, and meets consumers' demand well.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of enforcement of the present invention and requirement protection is not limited to the scope of the foregoing description.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, institute changes, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all is included within protection scope of the present invention.The sensing and the beamwidth that it is emphasized that wave beam of the present invention especially can adjust according to different demands; Through the columns of adjustment this programme cathetus antenna array, the distance between the adjacent two row collinear arrays, the radiating element number of every row collinear array, the distance between the adjacent radiation unit, the distribution power magnitude and the phase place of power splitter power division port, thereby the change of adjusting beam position and width is also within protection range of the present invention.In addition, the quantity through the adjustment feed port change horizontal beam the change of quantity also within protection range of the present invention.