CN102539650A - Photodetection mechanics test device for simulating deep rock explosion cracking - Google Patents
Photodetection mechanics test device for simulating deep rock explosion cracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN102539650A CN102539650A CN2011103663188A CN201110366318A CN102539650A CN 102539650 A CN102539650 A CN 102539650A CN 2011103663188 A CN2011103663188 A CN 2011103663188A CN 201110366318 A CN201110366318 A CN 201110366318A CN 102539650 A CN102539650 A CN 102539650A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010042209 Stress Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photodetection mechanics test device for simulating deep rock explosion cracking, which comprises a static load system and an explosion load device, wherein the static load system can perform test sample stress load along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the explosion load device is used for generating dynamic loads. The static load system comprises a vertically arranged base plate, four push plates and a pressure supplying system, wherein the four push plates are distributed on one side of the base plate along the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction, and the pressure supplying system respectively provides pressure for the push plates in the upper direction, the left direction and the right direction. The push plates tightly clamp the test sample during the moving process, the explosion load device exerts dynamic load on the test sample and really simulates an initial static stress field in a deep rock body and a dynamic stress field generated during the explosion process. With the combination of a photodetection mechanics test method, the photodetection mechanics test device achieves observation of phenomena of explosion cracking, cracking expansion and the like of the rock body under deep high land stress, and is a simple, convenient and practical device for scientific and accurate research.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical measurement mechanics experimental provision, relate in particular to that a kind of explosion causes and splits the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision that carries out physical simulation experiment to deep rock.
Background technology
Rock mass is long-term geochronic product, under native state, has primary stresss such as gravity stress and tectonic stress, so any dynamic load effect that rock mass receives all is the effect on certain static stress field exists.Dynamic Fracture process and the static stress field of rock mass under the dynamic load effect has correlativity.Such as the digging laneway of constructing in Deep Mine borehole blasting, the initial static stress field that the highland is cut down output living will have an immense impact on to the phenomenon of rupture of rock under the blast load and the propagation law of quick-fried living crackle, and its initial static stress field effect can not be ignored.
At present; In physics explosion model test; The boundary condition of model is free boundary condition mostly, and this theory of blasting for rock mass under the research high confining pressure has certain limitation, is especially adopting blast charger and optical measurement mechanics experimental technique (as moving photoelastic, moving caustic etc.) to carry out in the research of explosion phenomenon of rupture and mechanism; Adopt the two dimensional surface model test piece; Not having constraint around the test specimen, can't the true reappearance deep rock mass be that the blast of rock causes and splits rule and mechanism under the high-ground stress, can not carry out science, comprehensively analyze and study the propagation law of crackle in the blast dynamic stress field.
For reaching the real simulation geologic structure, initial static stress field effect is fully taken into account in the simulation test condition, accurately reproduce rock mass and under dynamic load, cause the process of splitting, the spy has invented this experimental provision.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiency of above-mentioned existing experimental provision, the objective of the invention is to cause the problem of splitting to the blast of deep rock, a kind of the simulated deep terrestrial stress that combines with optical measurement mechanics and the experimental provision of blast load are provided.
A kind ofly be used to simulate the deep rock explosion and cause the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision that splits, comprise that one can be carried out the static loading system that test specimen stress loads along level and vertical direction, and the blast charger that is used to produce dynamic load; Said static loading system comprises a base plate of vertically placing, in four push pedals that four direction distributes along upper and lower, left and right of base plate one side, and be respectively, voltage supply system that left and right three direction push pedals provide pressure; Said base plate middle part has through hole, and push pedal bottoms last, left and right three directions are movably connected on the base plate, and the push pedal of bottom direction is fixed on the base plate, and test specimen is fixed between four push pedals; The loading end of said blast charger is carried in from the both sides correspondence on the big gun hole at test specimen middle part through the through hole on the base plate, and the other end of blast charger is fixed in the push pedal of bottom direction.
Said voltage supply system comprises three cylinders, tensimeter, valve and air compressor, and three cylinders are connected in parallel, and the cylinder pole pair of three cylinders should be connected, in the push pedal of left and right three directions; Tensimeter and valve are connected on the connecting line between air compressor and the parallelly connected cylinder.
Also be connected with branch control valve on the parallel branch of said three cylinders respectively and divide the governor pressure table.
The surface that said push pedal contacts with test specimen is provided with groove, and test specimen limit portion is stuck in the groove.
The outer side surface that said push pedal contacts with test specimen is provided with the card rib, and the card rib contacts with the test specimen outside surface, and the test specimen inside surface is close on the base plate.
Saidly go up, also be provided with groove along moving direction on the push pedal body of left and right direction, be inserted with bolt in the groove, bolt is connected between base plate and the push pedal.
Of the present inventionly be used for the advantage that deep rock blast causes the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision that splits and be: after this experimental provision is adopted in (1), can change the boundary condition of areal model test specimen, test specimen is applied confined pressure, realize the simulation of deep rock mass stress field; (2) can regulate and control confined pressure loading procedure around the test specimen, can change the force value of level and vertical all directions, be applicable to the simulation of multiple stress field; (3) adopt card rib or groove that test specimen is held, guaranteed the reliability and the dirigibility that hold simultaneously, also can make blast load in the test specimen plane, produce the dynamic stress field, realize that deep rock is exploded to cause the true reappearance of the process of splitting.(4) this device is specially adapted to the moving caustic in the optical measurement mechanics experiment and moves the photoelastic experiment that waits, and for the blast of research deep rock mass causes rule and the mechanism split reliable experimental facilities is provided; (5) whole experiment device is simple in structure, easy to operate, is easy to realize and safeguard.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to cut-open view.
Embodiment
Center of the present invention is: the mode with experiment applies confined pressure to test specimen; Terrestrial stress in the simulation deep rock; In the test specimen model, produce the initial static stress field,, and adopt the optical measurement mechanics method that blast is caused the process of splitting and observe then through explosion test; To reach the research deep is explosion phenomenon of rupture and the mechanism that rock mass is depressed on the highland, for geology is excavated and blasting process provides scientific basis.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2 the present invention is made further detailed description:
A kind ofly be used to simulate the deep rock explosion and cause the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision that splits, mainly comprise two parts: a part is one can carry out the static loading system that test specimen stress loads along level and vertical direction; Another part is the blast charger 10 that is used to produce dynamic load.Static loading system is used to simulate the terrestrial stress phenomenon of deep rock, forms the initial static stress field of test specimen.Blast charger 10 is used for the loading and the control of test specimen 11 explosion tests, makes test specimen 11 produce blast and causes the process of splitting, to realize observation and the research to causing the process of splitting.
Static loading system comprises a square base plate 7 of vertically placing, and four direction is distributed with four push pedals 9 along upper and lower, left and right in base plate 7 one sides, and be respectively, voltage supply system that left and right three direction push pedals provide pressure.Push pedal bottoms last, left and right three directions are movably connected on the base plate 7, and can move along base plate 7.The push pedal of bottom direction is fixed on the base plate 7, and test specimen 11 is fixed between four push pedals 9.
Wherein, need for ease of the installation of blast charger 10 and the observation of optical measurement mechanics experimental provision, also have through hole 8 at base plate 7 middle parts, the big I of through hole 8 is decided according to the size of sample dimensions and blast charger 10 and optical measurement mechanics experimental provision.Because in the loading procedure; Push pedals last, left and right three directions need be moved along base plate 7, so on the push pedal body of last, left and right three directions, also be provided with groove 12 along moving direction, are inserted with bolt in the groove 12; Bolt one end is fixed on the base plate 7; The other end passes groove 12 backs and is connected with push pedal 9, and groove 12 has guaranteed also can receive when push pedal 9 is moved the restriction of screw rod, prevents that moving direction from deflecting; And after moving into place, bolt also can be realized being fixedly connected of 7 of push pedal 9 and base plates.
The voltage supply system comprises three cylinders 6, three branch control valves 4, three branch governor pressure tables 5, and is connected general pressure table 3 and the total valve 2 on the air compressor 1 output main line.Three cylinders 6 are connected in parallel, and divide control valve 4 and divide governor pressure table 5 to be connected into corresponding respectively being connected on the parallel branch of three cylinders 6 after three groups, directly show and controls three cylinders, 6 work on the branch road, adjust the size of pressure.The cylinder pole pair of three cylinders 6 should be connected, the push pedal back of left and right three directions; Driving these three direction push pedals moves on base plate 7; Thereby in the plane of test specimen 11, form the initial static stress field, realized test specimen 11 simulation of terrestrial stress on the direction in the horizontal and vertical direction.
The loading end of blast charger 10 is carried in from the both sides correspondence on the big gun hole at test specimen 11 middle parts through the through hole on the base plate 78, and the other end of blast charger 10 is fixed in the push pedal of bottom direction.
For further improving the reliability of push pedal 9 loading specimens 11 and the stability in blast process; The outer side surface that contacts with test specimen 11 in push pedal 9 is provided with card rib 13; Card rib 13 contacts with test specimen 11 outside surfaces and test specimen 11 outsides is held, and test specimen 11 inside surfaces then are close on base plate 7 surfaces.Base plate 7 surfaces fully contact with test specimen 11 surfaces, have increased the stability that test specimen 11 is installed, and simultaneously, card rib 13 also can make the blast of test specimen 11 cause the process of splitting and planar load.Certainly; Card rib 13 in the push pedal 9 also can be transformed into the groove design of push pedal 9 and test specimen 11 surface in contacts; Test specimen 11 limit portions directly are stuck in the groove of push pedal 9 sides, and the supported on both sides face through groove makes test specimen 11 chuckings, and the degree of depth of groove can be set as required.
In the experiment, at first choose test specimen 11, test specimen 11 is of a size of 300mm*300mm*5mm, offers the big gun hole in test specimen 11 centers, and blasthole diameter is 6mm, and the explosive of filling appropriate amount.Then, unclamp, the bolt in the left and right direction push pedal, promote push pedal, test specimen 11 is placed between the push pedal 9 of four direction, and test specimen 11 back sides contact with base plate 7 surfaces to cylinder 6 one side shiftings.Then, open three branch control valves 4 and total valve 2, open air compressor 1; Constantly with in the air suction air hold-up vessel; Air pressure rises gradually, and the cylinder bar promotes upward, the push pedal of left and right three directions is moved, in conjunction with fixed lower direction push pedal; The push pedal 9 of four direction utilizes card rib 13 that test specimen 11 is held, and makes the periphery generation of test specimen 11 be uniformly distributed with confined pressure.At any time note general pressure table 3 and the reading that divides on the governor pressure table 5, remain on 0-0.8MPa between the pressure zone.When reading reaches desired value, close three branch control valves 4 and total valve 2 successively, and tighten the bolt in the push pedal groove 12 simultaneously, 7 maintenances of push pedal 9 and base plate are fixedly connected, guarantee that the even distributed force that 9 pairs of test specimens 11 of push pedal apply is a steady state value.Because test specimen 11 limit portions are stuck in the card rib 13 of push pedal 9, guaranteed that the blast dynamic load planar carries out.Follow, debugging blast charger 10 is carried on the big gun hole at test specimen 11 middle parts the loading end of blast charger 10 from the both sides correspondence, guarantee that the big gun hole plug is closely knit in the test specimen 11 again.The optical measurement mechanics experimental provision is then aimed at test specimens 11 through through hole 8, and the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision is experimental provision such as moving photoelastic or moving caustics like: transmission-type.At last, detonating powder causes to the blast of test specimen 11 that the process of splitting is observed and record, and experiment is unloaded the pressure on the carrier gas cylinder 6 after accomplishing, and unclamps the bolt in the groove 12, takes off test specimen 11 and gets final product.
The above; Be merely the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technician who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is used to simulate the deep rock explosion and causes the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision that splits, and it is characterized in that, comprises that one can be carried out the static loading system that test specimen stress loads along level and vertical direction, and the blast charger that is used to produce dynamic load; Said static loading system comprises a base plate of vertically placing, in four push pedals that four direction distributes along upper and lower, left and right of base plate one side, and be respectively, voltage supply system that left and right three direction push pedals provide pressure; Said base plate middle part has through hole, and push pedal bottoms last, left and right three directions are movably connected on the base plate, and the push pedal of bottom direction is fixed on the base plate, and test specimen is fixed between four push pedals; The loading end of said blast charger is carried in from the both sides correspondence on the big gun hole at test specimen middle part through the through hole on the base plate, and the other end of blast charger is fixed in the push pedal of bottom direction.
2. as claimed in claim 1ly a kind ofly be used to simulate the deep rock explosion and cause the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision that splits; It is characterized in that; Said voltage supply system comprises three cylinders, tensimeter, valve and air compressor; Said three cylinders are connected in parallel, and the cylinder pole pair of three cylinders should be connected, in the push pedal of left and right three directions; Said tensimeter and valve are connected on the connecting line between air compressor and the parallelly connected cylinder.
3. as claimed in claim 2ly a kind ofly be used to simulate the deep rock explosion and cause the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision that splits, it is characterized in that, also be connected with branch control valve on the parallel branch of said three cylinders respectively and divide the governor pressure table.
4. as claimed in claim 1ly a kind ofly be used to simulate the deep rock explosion and cause the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision that splits, it is characterized in that the surface that said push pedal contacts with test specimen is provided with groove, test specimen limit portion is stuck in the groove.
5. as claimed in claim 1ly a kind ofly be used to simulate the deep rock explosion and cause the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision that splits; It is characterized in that; The outer side surface that said push pedal contacts with test specimen is provided with the card rib, and the card rib contacts with the test specimen outside surface, and the test specimen inside surface is close on the base plate.
6. as claimed in claim 1ly a kind ofly be used to simulate the deep rock explosion and cause the optical measurement mechanics experimental provision that splits; It is characterized in that; Saidly go up, also be provided with groove along moving direction on the push pedal body of left and right direction, be inserted with bolt in the groove, bolt is connected between base plate and the push pedal.
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| CN201110366318.8A CN102539650B (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2011-11-18 | Photodetection mechanics test device for simulating deep rock explosion cracking |
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| CN201110366318.8A CN102539650B (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2011-11-18 | Photodetection mechanics test device for simulating deep rock explosion cracking |
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| CN102539650A true CN102539650A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| CN102539650B CN102539650B (en) | 2014-07-09 |
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| CN104237929A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 天津大学 | Stratigraphic simulation device utilizing dynamic photoelastic method to study multipoint earthquake input |
| CN104374500A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-02-25 | 天津大学 | Adjustable template fixing device for studying multipoint seismic oscillation through dynamic photoelastic method |
| CN105134197A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 东北石油大学 | Simulation experiment device and method for slippage between reservoir pressure change inducing layers |
| CN105424704A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-23 | 西安科技大学 | Test system used for simulating a mine explosion-proof wall and test method |
| CN107807051A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-03-16 | 中南大学 | Simulate the experimental rig and test method of Blasting Excavation off-load under three-dimensional loading environment |
| CN108375509A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-08-07 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of active confining pressure and the sound loading experimental apparatus that explodes |
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| CN110411871A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | For studying the experimental system and method for the country rock Explosive stress wave mechanism of action |
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| CN107807051A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-03-16 | 中南大学 | Simulate the experimental rig and test method of Blasting Excavation off-load under three-dimensional loading environment |
| CN108375509A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-08-07 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of active confining pressure and the sound loading experimental apparatus that explodes |
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| CN109813617B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-07-31 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Experimental method for quantitatively analyzing rock blasting damage |
| CN110411871A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | For studying the experimental system and method for the country rock Explosive stress wave mechanism of action |
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| CN111665123A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-15 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Deep underground explosion effect simulation test device and test technology |
| CN111665123B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2022-05-10 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Deep underground explosion effect simulation test device and test method |
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