CN102531746A - Biological fertilizer prepared through one time mixing fermentation by using straws and chemical fertilizer, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological fertilizer prepared through one time mixing fermentation by using straws and chemical fertilizer, and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biological fertilizer prepared through one time mixing fermentation by using straws and a chemical fertilizer. The biological fertilizer is characterized in that the biological fertilizer comprises a composite bacteria agent and a fermentation carrier, wherein an adsorption carrier absorbs a strain mixing liquid to form the composite bacteria agent, and the fermentation carrier and the adsorption carrier are mixtures of crop straws and a chemical fertilizer. The preparation method comprises: respectively fermenting strains, and mixing the fermented strains; mixing the strain mixing liquid and the adsorption carrier into the composite bacteria agent; inoculating the composite bacteria agent on the fermentation carrier, stacking and fermenting for 30-35 days at a temperature of 58-72 DEG C to obtain the biological fertilizer, wherein the uniform stacking turning treatment is performed one time each two days. With the product of the present invention, the economic benefits can be improved, the disease resistance of the crop can be improved, the soil structure can be improved, and the product quality can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, be specifically related to a kind of combination microbial technique, is starting material with stalk, chemical fertilizer, and disposable mixed fermentation obtains bio-feritlizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Fertilizer is the valuable source of all farm-forestry crops plantation, and the soil beneficial microorganism is damaged because long-term excessive use chemical fertilizer causes, soil compaction, yield-power are low, environmental pollution, crisis existent environment of people.The present in addition fertilizer ubiquity that uses, harmless treatment are not thoroughly, fertilizer nutrient is low and nutrient is not comprehensive or nutrient is single and nutrient can not be allocated according to the plant growth needs.In order to solve the above problems, need a kind of existing multiple beneficial mikrobe of invention, abundant organic matter is arranged again, more can allocate the multi-element organic fertilizer of npk nutrient according to the plant growth needs.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses the bio-feritlizer that uses stalk, the disposable mixed fermentation of chemical fertilizer, the bio-feritlizer of acquisition has the useful microbe of multiple participation farm-forestry crop growth, and energy metabolism goes out multiple amino acids and VITAMINs and multiple somatomedin.Can improve soil root basic ring border again, improve the immunological competence of farm-forestry crop.And reach the effect of farm-forestry crop raising the output and improve the quality of farm-forestry crop.
The technical scheme that adopts for the present invention of realization above-mentioned purpose is following:
Use the bio-feritlizer of the disposable mixed fermentation of stalk chemical fertilizer, its spy is to comprise composite fungus agent and fermentation carrier, and composite fungus agent forms after adsorbing the bacterial classification mixed solution by absorption carrier, and fermentation carrier and absorption carrier are the mixtures of agricultural crop straw and chemical fertilizer;
Described composite fungus agent is 1 weight, ‰～5 weight ‰ in the inoculum size of fermentation carrier;
The weight ratio of bacterial classification mixed solution and absorption carrier is 1: 2～1: 3;
The bacterial classification mixed solution be stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis according to 0.8～1.2: 1.6～2.4: 0.8～1.2 weight ratio blended mixture;
Described chemical fertilizer be urea, calcium magnesium phosphorus, vitriolate of tartar with 50～80: 20～50: 30～70 weight ratio blended mixture;
Described agricultural crop straw is a kind of of soybean, corn, rape, rice, wheat, potato rattan stalk or several mixture, and granularity is 10～30 orders.
Use the preparation method of the bio-feritlizer of the disposable mixed fermentation of stalk chemical fertilizer, its characteristic comprises following steps:
(1) screen respectively, separate, purification, rejuvenation and cultivation stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis, each bacterial classification is inoculated respectively kind advanced the secondary fermentation of industrial fermentation jar then; Fermentation condition is respectively:
Stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis medium component is 0.01%-0.10% sodium-chlor, 0.01%-0.10% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.01%-0.10% sal epsom, 0.01%-0.10% lime carbonate, 0.05%-0.15% tween-80,1%-10% brown sugar, 0.1%-1.0% yeast extract paste, 0.1-1.0% peptone; The substratum temperature is 58～64 ℃, and incubation time is 22～26 hours.Be preferably: stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis medium component is 0.05% sodium-chlor, 0.05% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.05% sal epsom, 0.05% lime carbonate, 0.1% tween-80,5% brown sugar, 0.5% yeast extract paste, 0.5% peptone; The substratum temperature is 58～64 ℃, and incubation time is 22～26 hours.
Bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis medium component are 0.01%-0.10% sodium-chlor, 0.01%-0.10% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.01%-0.10% sal epsom, 0.01%-0.10% lime carbonate, 0.05%-0.15% tween-80,1%-10% brown sugar, 0.1%-1.0% yeast extract paste, 0.1-1.0% peptone; The substratum temperature is 28～34 ℃, and incubation time is 20～24 hours.Be preferably: bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis medium component are 0.05% sodium-chlor, 0.05% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.05% sal epsom, 0.05% lime carbonate, 0.1% tween-80,5% brown sugar, 0.5% yeast extract paste, 0.5% peptone; The substratum temperature is 28～34 ℃, and incubation time is 20～24 hours;
(2), with each bacterial classification that obtains in the step (1) according to 0.8～1.2: after 1.6～2.4: 1.6～2.4: 0.8～1.2 weight ratio is mixed; Adsorb with absorption carrier; Be dried to the composite fungus agent of water ratio below 28% being lower than under 28 ℃ the temperature again, the weight ratio of bacterial classification mixed solution and absorption carrier is 1: 2～1: 3;
Absorption carrier is the mixture of agricultural crop straw and chemical fertilizer, and absorption carrier preferably carries out disinfection before the adsorption step carrying out; Chemical fertilizer is the mixture of urea, calcium magnesium phosphorus, vitriolate of tartar, agricultural crop straw be soybean, corn, rape, rice, wheat, potato rattan straw powder-kind or several mixture, granularity is 10～30 orders;
(3) composite fungus agent that step (2) is obtained is seeded in the fermentation carrier, and inoculum size is 1 weight, ‰～5 weight ‰, sprinkle water to water ratio be 50%～55%, the fermentation of buttress heap, the size of buttress does not have particular determination; Leavening temperature in the stacking is 58～72 ℃, even turning in per two days once, this bio-feritlizer that warp 30～35 days was.
The present invention has following positively effect:
1. increase economic efficiency
This product contains abundant organic matter, and nutrient is perfect, and lasting fertilizer effect can be expanded in the irritation cell division; Regulate the enzymatic reaction process, strengthen photosynthesis, promote seed germination, improve seedling rate, percentage of fertile fruit; Suppress old and feeble, prevent fruit drop, use the every mu of economic benefit in back to improve obviously.
2. disease resistance enhancemen
This product can secrete the various plants growth substance, like nutrient for plants such as amino acid, VITAMINss, and the invasion of inhibition pathogenic bacteria, reduce soil-borne disease, improve resistance and the resistance against diseases of crop.
3. the structure of improving the soil
This product contains useful active bacteria formulation, can breed at root region soil, is formed with the dominant microflora that is beneficial to plant growth; Recover the soil original ecological balance, can improve the nitrogen level of soil, can also improve the physical behavior of soil; Increase soil aggregate, make loosing soil, minimizing is hardened; Help water conservation, protect fertilizer, ventilate and promote plant root system development, the plantation ecosystem can be circulated benignly efficiently.Promote that plant yield-increasing increases income.
4. improve the quality of products
This product can effectively degrade with oxidation soil in toxic compounds such as remains of pesticide, hydrogen sulfide and amine, soil is played certain Degradation, thereby avoids or reduce the accumulation of above-mentioned toxin in farm crop.Taste, color and luster all improve behind this product of farm crop use, can reduce chemical fertilizer, pesticide dosage, or not use chemical fertilizer, reach the requirement of organic farm products or green agricultural product.
Concrete experiment method
Below will technical scheme of the present invention be described with embodiment; The source of the material that following examples adopted is listed below: stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis available from: institute of microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the straw powder that is adopted is provided by Gaotang Ward prestige Science and Technology Ltd..
Instance one
Use the bio-feritlizer of the disposable mixed fermentation of stalk chemical fertilizer, the preparation method is following:
1, screen respectively, separate, purification, rejuvenation and cultivation stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis.Then various bacterium are inoculated respectively and plant the secondary fermentation of industrial fermentation jar.Fermentation condition is respectively:
Stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis medium component is 0.05% sodium-chlor, 0.05% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.05% sal epsom, 0.05% lime carbonate, 0.1% tween-80,5% brown sugar, high, 0.5% peptone of 0.5% yeast.The substratum temperature is 58～64 ℃, and incubation time is 22～26 hours.
Bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis medium component are 0.05% sodium-chlor, 0.05% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.05% sal epsom, 0.05% lime carbonate, 0.1% tween-80,5% brown sugar, high, 0.5% peptone of 0.5% yeast.The substratum temperature is 28～34 ℃, and incubation time is 20～24 hours.
2, get various bacteria culture fluids, mix stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis 40L; Bacillus megaterium 85L, Nocardia bacteria 85L, subtilis 40L; Use the adsorbents adsorb of 500KG then, becoming water ratio 28 ℃ of cryodryings is 25% composite bacteria preparation, and proterties is a powdery.Sorbent material is the soybean stalk powder, and granularity is 15 orders.The sampled sample of each bacterial classification is a nutrient solution; Be liquid; Therefore adopted the amount of the getting mode of volume, because of the density of each bacteria culture fluid all approaches 1, therefore the weight ratio (being mass ratio) of various bacteria culture fluids still can combine according to the formula of quality=density * volume.
3, with composite bacteria pulvis direct inoculation to the 20t urea, 10t calcium magnesium phosphorus, 20t vitriolate of tartar, the 200t corn stalk powder that obtain in the step 2, adding water to water ratio is 50%～55%, the fermentation of buttress heap, and the size of buttress does not have particular determination.Leavening temperature in the stacking was 58～72 ℃, and even turning in per two days once promptly obtained a kind of polynary stalk fertilizer that utilizes microbial technique to produce of water ratio 25% through 30～35 days.
Embodiment 2
Different except the following fermentation condition of putting down in writing, all the other are all with embodiment 1:
Stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis medium component is 0.01% sodium-chlor, 0.01% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.01% sal epsom, 0.01% lime carbonate, 0.05% tween-80,1% brown sugar, 0.1% yeast extract paste, 0.1 peptone; The substratum temperature is 58～64 ℃, and incubation time is 22～26 hours.
Bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis medium component are 0.01% sodium-chlor, 0.01% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.01% sal epsom, 0.01% lime carbonate, 0.05% tween-80,1% brown sugar, 0.1% yeast extract paste, 0.1 peptone; The substratum temperature is 28～34 ℃, and incubation time is 20～24 hours.
Embodiment 3
Fermentation condition is respectively:
Stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis medium component is 0.10% sodium-chlor, 0.10% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.10% sal epsom, 0.10% lime carbonate, 0.15% tween-80,10% brown sugar, 1.0% yeast extract paste, 1.0% peptone; The substratum temperature is 58～64 ℃, and incubation time is 22～26 hours.
Bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis medium component are 0.10% sodium-chlor, 0.10% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.10% sal epsom, 0.10% lime carbonate, 0.15% tween-80,10% brown sugar, 1.0% yeast extract paste, 1.0% peptone; The substratum temperature is 28～34 ℃, and incubation time is 20～24 hours.
Table 1 is classified embodiment 4 to 7 used bacterial classifications, absorption carrier, fermentation carrier consumption, fermentation condition as.
Table 1
Table 2 is embodiment 4 to 7 spawn culture conditions
Table 2
Among the embodiment two to embodiment five, the data that in form 1,2, relate to, other step is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4 manure trials
For investigating crop, in this plant area experimental plot, select 3 67m with capsicum (shank X Jilin, Hangzhoupro green pepper No. 1)
2The plot, every plantation capsicum 100 strains.The fertilization mode of the capsicum on every ground is (3 ground all do not topdress, and do not dust crops with an insecticide) as follows:
A: the fertilizer 50kg that ditch spread invention instance 1 obtains;
B: the common fertilizer 50kg of ditch spread (purchasing the green agricultural development ltd of being full of) in Suzhou;
C: ditch sealing fertilizer 5kg.
Annotate: composite fertilizer N: P: K=15: 15: 15 (purchasing Hai Ling fertilizer ltd) in Nantong.
With the output of capsicum, disease and pest, and economic benefit is for investigating index,, the result sees shown in the table 1,
Table 1
On output, disease and pest and economic benefit, obviously be superior to two groups of B, C by the visible A group of last figure.
Above-mentioned embodiment does not limit technical scheme of the present invention in any form, and the technical scheme that mode obtained that every employing is equal to replacement or equivalent transformation all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. use the bio-feritlizer of stalk, the disposable mixed fermentation of chemical fertilizer, its spy is to comprise composite fungus agent and fermentation carrier, and composite fungus agent forms after adsorbing the bacterial classification mixed solution by absorption carrier, and fermentation carrier and absorption carrier are the mixtures of agricultural crop straw and chemical fertilizer;
Described composite fungus agent is 1 weight, ‰ ~ 5 weight ‰ in the inoculum size of fermentation carrier;
The weight ratio of bacterial classification mixed solution and absorption carrier is 1:2 ~ 1:3;
The bacterial classification mixed solution is stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, the subtilis weight ratio blended mixture according to 0.8 ~ 1.2:1.6 ~ 2.4:0.8 ~ 1.2;
Described chemical fertilizer is urea, calcium magnesium phosphorus, the vitriolate of tartar weight ratio blended mixture with 50 ~ 80:20 ~ 50:30～70;
Described agricultural crop straw is a kind of of soybean, corn, rape, rice, wheat, potato rattan stalk or several mixture, and granularity is 10 ~ 30 orders.
2. preparation method based on the bio-feritlizer of right 1 described use stalk, the disposable mixed fermentation of chemical fertilizer, its characteristic comprises following steps:
(1) screen respectively, separate, purification, rejuvenation and cultivation stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis, each bacterial classification is inoculated respectively kind advanced the secondary fermentation of industrial fermentation jar then; Fermentation condition is respectively:
Stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis medium component is 0.01%-0.10% sodium-chlor, 0.01%-0.10% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.01%-0.10% sal epsom, 0.01%-0.10% lime carbonate, 0.05%-0.15% tween-80,1%-10% brown sugar, 0.1%-1.0% yeast extract paste, 0.1-1.0% peptone; The substratum temperature is 58 ~ 64 ℃, and incubation time is 22 ~ 26 hours;
Bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis medium component are 0.01%-0.10% sodium-chlor, 0.01%-0.10% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.01%-0.10% sal epsom, 0.01%-0.10% lime carbonate, 0.05%-0.15% tween-80,1%-10% brown sugar, 0.1%-1.0% yeast extract paste, 0.1-1.0% peptone; The substratum temperature is 28 ~ 34 ℃, and incubation time is 20 ~ 24 hours;
(2), with after the weight ratio mixing of each bacterial classification that obtains in the step (1) according to 0.8 ~ 1.2:1.6 ~ 2.4:1.6～2.4:0.8 ~ 1.2; Adsorb with absorption carrier; Be dried to the composite fungus agent of water ratio below 28% being lower than under 28 ℃ the temperature again, the weight ratio of bacterial classification mixed solution and absorption carrier is 1:2 ~ 1:3;
Absorption carrier is the mixture of agricultural crop straw and chemical fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer is the mixture of urea, calcium magnesium phosphorus, vitriolate of tartar, and agricultural crop straw is a kind of of soybean, corn, rape, rice, wheat, potato rattan straw powder or several mixture, and granularity is 10 ~ 30 orders;
(3) composite fungus agent that step (2) is obtained is seeded in the fermentation carrier, and inoculum size is 1 weight, ‰ ~ 5 weight ‰, sprinkle water to water ratio be 50%～55%, the fermentation of buttress heap, the size of buttress does not have particular determination; Leavening temperature in the stacking is 58 ~ 72 ℃, even turning in per two days once, this bio-feritlizer that warp 30 ~ 35 days was.
3. the preparation method of the bio-feritlizer of use stalk according to claim 2, the disposable mixed fermentation of chemical fertilizer, bacterium culture medium and fermentation condition that its characterization step (1) is adopted are following:
Stearothermophilus Bacillus licheniformis medium component is 0.05% sodium-chlor, 0.05% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.05% sal epsom, 0.05% lime carbonate, 0.1% tween-80,5% brown sugar, 0.5% yeast extract paste, 0.5% peptone; The substratum temperature is 58 ~ 64 ℃, and incubation time is 22 ~ 26 hours;
Bacillus megaterium, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis medium component are 0.05% sodium-chlor, 0.05% potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.05% sal epsom, 0.05% lime carbonate, 0.1% tween-80,5% brown sugar, 0.5% yeast extract paste, 0.5% peptone; The substratum temperature is 28 ~ 34 ℃, and incubation time is 20 ~ 24 hours.
4. the preparation method of the bio-feritlizer of use stalk according to claim 2, the disposable mixed fermentation of chemical fertilizer is characterized in that absorption carrier sterilization before carrying out adsorption step.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102836868A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2012-12-26 | 江声 | Organic soil reduction method |
| CN106085909A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 大庆市春田绿土农业科技有限公司 | Ripening microbial inoculum that corn straw is matrixing and application |
| CN107827486A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-23 | 云南大学 | Application of the Thermophilic Bacteria in fertility is improved, improve potash fertilizer and fertiliser containing magnesium content |
| CN112794748A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-14 | 上海泰缘生物科技股份有限公司 | Formula and preparation method of crop-growing straw biological fermentation material |
| CN112876315A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-01 | 慈溪市农业监测中心 | Special fertilizer for kidney beans and preparation method and use method thereof |
| CN113229085A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-10 | 福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所 | Cultivation method for ecologically preventing and controlling comprehensive diseases of radix pseudostellariae |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102836868A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2012-12-26 | 江声 | Organic soil reduction method |
| CN106085909A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 大庆市春田绿土农业科技有限公司 | Ripening microbial inoculum that corn straw is matrixing and application |
| CN107827486A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-23 | 云南大学 | Application of the Thermophilic Bacteria in fertility is improved, improve potash fertilizer and fertiliser containing magnesium content |
| CN107827486B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2021-03-23 | 云南大学 | Application of thermophilic bacteria in improving fertility and increasing content of potassium fertilizer and magnesium fertilizer |
| CN112794748A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-14 | 上海泰缘生物科技股份有限公司 | Formula and preparation method of crop-growing straw biological fermentation material |
| CN112876315A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-01 | 慈溪市农业监测中心 | Special fertilizer for kidney beans and preparation method and use method thereof |
| CN113229085A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-10 | 福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所 | Cultivation method for ecologically preventing and controlling comprehensive diseases of radix pseudostellariae |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |