Water recycling device in a kind of sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR)
Technical field
The present invention relates to water treatment device in one, water recycling device in especially a kind of sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR).
Background technology
In what is called, water refers to sanitary sewage after treatment, reaches the water quality standard of regulation, reusable undrinkable water within the specific limits, the water such as cooling in lavatory flushing, green land irrigation, City Landscape Environment, agricultural, factory, carwash.The most typical representative of middle water reuse is Japan.In China, water reuse starts to walk relatively evening, and within 1985, Beijing Environmental Protection Science Research Inst. has built up Section 1 mid-water engineering in institute.The common small scale of middle water technology, technology is high, expense is expensive, and it requires high-caliber processing, independently water distribution system, special user pipe, gate system and skilled operation.
Membrane bioreactor (Membrane Bioreactor, MBR) is in recent years emerging wastewater treatment and reuse technology, and this technology is that membrane separation technique and traditional wastewater biologic treating technique are organically combined and the new process for treating waste water of generation.MBR technology is by water reuse from traditional wastewater processing is extended to.Effect difference according to membrane module in membrane bioreactor, can be divided into solid-liquid separation membrane bioreactor, aeration film bio-reactor and extractive membrane biological reactors three major types.What this technology adopted is solid-liquid separation membrane bioreactor.SBR is the abbreviation of sequencing batch reactor (Sequencing Batch Reactor Activated Sludge Process), be a kind of active sludge sewage disposal technology moving by intermittent aeration mode, claim again sequencing batch active sludge.A complete operating process of SBR technique, that is the operating process of each batch reactor in the time processing waste water comprises following 5 stages: the water inlet phase; Reaction period; The precipitation phase; The draining spoil disposal phase; Lay-up period.SBMBR combines SBR with MBR, retained both advantages, has improved the ability of system denitrogenation dephosphorizing.PLC is a kind of electronic installation operating for the digital operation that application designs under industrial environment specially.Have that reliability is high, superior performance, the advantage such as easy to use, it is used widely at the aspect such as industry automatic control, electromechanical integration, be one of three large technology pillars of industrial automation.
At water treatment field, sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR) more and more comes into one's own as the principal facility of middle water treatment in community.This technology utilizes programmable logic controller (PLC) to design middle water recycling device automatic control system, has realized the automatization control of centering water recycling device.Along with the development of membrane technique, membrane technique has been penetrated into the every field of sewage disposal, and except can be separately for sewage disposal, be mostly the insoluble problems of traditional method that solve of being combined with other various technique.Sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR) technique is a kind of Novel sewage treatment technology being combined by sequencing batch active sludge (SBR) and membrane bioreactor (MBR), conventionally move in the mode of anoxic one good oxygen cycle, can in same reactor, realize nitrification and denitrification, SBMBR has good while Nitrogen/Phosphorus Removal.Middle water recycling device SBMBR system non-stop run meeting aggravation film pollutes speed, causes membrane flux to decline, and therefore just requires suction pump discontinuous operation.Programmable logic controller (Program Logical Controller, PLC) is a kind of electronic installation operating for the digital operation that application designs under industrial environment specially.Have that reliability is high, superior performance, the advantage such as easy to use.Water recycling device application automatic technology in SBMBR, utilize the function such as PLC timing control, counting control to meet the requirements for automatic control to SBMBR intermediate water reuse system, adopt the operation scheme of sequence batch (to carry out the denitrogenation dephosphorizing performance of reinforced film biological reactor, make its combination process SBMBR not only simple to operate, be convenient to automatization control, effluent quality is safe and reliable, and realize denitrification and phosphorus removal integration, and can fully effectively remove nitrogen, phosphorus and organic substance simultaneously, reach middle water reuse standard.Automatic equipment taking PLC as core can make system fully automatic operation non-maintaining in the situation that, realizes suction pump discontinuous operation, decelerating membrane pollution.
The same with traditional activated sludge process, the aerobic MBR technique based on activated sludge process can effectively be removed organic pollutant, and nitrification is strong and a little less than denitrification, therefore denitrogenation dephosphorizing efficiency is not high.Improve its denitrogenation dephosphorizing effect, conventionally the method adopting is to combine with denitrification dephosphorization technique, but this MBR treatment system long flow path, HRT is long, energy consumption is high, therefore, that explores a kind of short flow process, less energy-consumption can remove organism and nitrogen, phosphorus simultaneously, and the novel MBR technique that its water outlet can direct reuse is just seemed highly significant.Combination process SBMBR, taking middle water reuse as object, by by the treatment process of sequencing batch active sludge and membrane bioreactor combination, forms double-reactor SBMBR system, strengthening SBMBR denitrification and denitrogenation dephosphorizing ability.
In biological denitrification phosphorous removal technique, there is contradiction.Mud problem in age, nitrifier is as the main body of nitrifying process, and this quasi-microorganism belongs to autotrophic type obligate aerobic bacteria, and reproduction speed is slow, and generation time is long, and the mud needing is long age, and polyP bacteria mostly is short generation microorganism, the mud of needs is short age.Nitrate problem, returned sluge inevitably takes nitrate in upper level reactor, and what phosphorus bacterium was released in the existence of nitrate impact releases phosphorus efficiency, even can cause polyP bacteria directly to inhale phosphorus.In SBMBR, water recycling device adopts the operation scheme of double-reactor, MBR reactor is because film crown_interception can extend the sludge retention time (SRT) of bio-reactor, microorganism in reactor can increase to greatest extent, be beneficial to the growth and breeding of long nitrated and nitrite bacteria generation time, therefore the biological activity of mud is high, reduce sludge yield, the ability of absorption and degradation of organic substances is stronger, also has good nitrification ability simultaneously.In addition, condition has been created in the growth that the operation scheme of SBR formula is dephosphorization bacterial, has also met the needs of denitrogenation simultaneously, and making to realize efficient nitrogen, phosphorus and the organism removed simultaneously in single reaction vessel becomes possibility.When high sludge concentration ensures phosphor-removing effect, improve nitrated and organic matter removal ability.In SBMBR the MBR reactor of water recycling device be divided into anoxic section become reconciled support section, returned sluge is back to sbr reactor device from anoxic section, the nitrate that in anoxic pond, returned sluge carries utilizes carbon source denitrification, thereby can be that the phosphorus bacterium of releasing in sbr reactor device is fully released phosphorus.
Exploitation is applicable to cities and towns, the middle water recovering process equipment that community and hotel are used, and how making limited spatial manipulation scale reach maximum becomes a difficult problem of middle water reuse.Water recycling device system layout compactness in SBMBR, technical process is short, and floor space is little, and the cities and towns, community and the hotel that are applicable to the medium treatment scale of limited space are used.In SBMBR, water recycling device utilizes membrane sepn draining in step of reaction, does not need to arrange secondary sedimentation basins, can reduce the cycling time of traditional SBR.
Summary of the invention
Prior-art devices complicated operation, system property safe and reliable to operation is low.In SBMBR, water recycling device is for the Controlling System cycle of operation, automatic operation and the outlet effect of safeguards system, the security of strengthening system, utilize the function such as PLC timing control, counting control, have that reliability is high, superior performance, easy to operate, meet requirements for automatic control to SBMBR Sewage treatment systems, the application to water recycling device in SBMBR and promote significant.
One of object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Water recycling device is by two identical sbr reactor water tanks in this, membrane biological reaction case, middle water tank, five major portions compositions of piping system and PLC automatic control system.Adopt in sbr reactor water tank sequence batch (operating procedure method to carry out bio-degradation reactions to former water, remove organic pollutant and denitrogenation dephosphorizing, place two membrane modules in membrane biological reaction case, further biological degradation is processed and is carried out water outlet; Middle water tank is used for the middle water of stores processor gained, and provides required water for back flushing; Piping system comprises the equipment such as manual and electrically operated valve, pump and under meter, is responsible for the aeration of water inlet, SBR water outlet, the suction water outlet of MBR film and whole process system; The normal operation of automatic control system major control whole system device and stopping, comprising PLC electrical control cubicles, electric contact vacuum pressure gauge, fluid level controller etc.
Because the cost of mineral membrane is relatively high, at present, the film that is widely used in wastewater treatment is mainly made up of organic polymer material, as polyolefins, polyethylene kind, aromatic polyamide, poly-fluoropolymer etc.The mould material that is applied to MBR needs existing good film-forming properties, thermostability, chemical stability, has again higher water flux and good contamination resistance simultaneously, and it is low that unit sees through liquid energy consumption cost, and unit volume membrane area is large.That the principal mode of hyperfiltration membrane assembly has is flat, tubular type, spiral, capillary type, rod formula and tubular fibre formula etc., wherein spiral all higher with packing density capillary type assembly, but because contamination resistance is poor, generally be not used in membrane bioreactor, at present multiplex tubular type, tubular fibre formula and plate type membrane assembly in membrane bioreactor.
It is the aperture of film that another point needs the factor of considering, because active sludge in aeration tank is to be made up of the microbe granular of assembling, wherein a part of pollutent is absorbed or sticks to the organic substance surface of microorganism flco and colloidal substance by microorganism, although the diameter of particle depends on concentration, admixture and the temperature condition of mud, these particles still exist certain regularity of distribution, Masaru Uehara research is thought and is considered active sludge state and water flux, preferably selects the film in 0.10~0.40 μ m aperture.
Adopt single piece type method of attachment, two films are placed side by side in water tank, hose connection to header, are provided with valve and can control the water outlet of each membrane module.
Controlling System hardware is made up of other accessories such as programmable logic controller, magnetic valve and motorized valve, fluid level controller, solid state relay, various switches.
SBMBR system process is: water intaking valve A1 opens, and the mixed solution refluxing in the former water after water pump lifting and membrane reactor enters sbr reactor device 1, and after liquid level is set in arrival, raw water pump stops, and A1 closes.Cycle starts, and stirs 90min, micro-aeration 30min, and aeration 120min realizes anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic environment replacing in sbr reactor device completely, and be 4h reaction time.After end cycle, outlet valve C1 opens, and SBR water outlet enters membrane reactor, and in membrane reactor, further degraded is thorough, and the crown_interception of membrane module can replace precipitation and the bleeding stage of SBR technique simultaneously, has saved the sbr reactor cycle.For shortening the period interval time of water outlet, ensure the processing water yield of system, SBR pond 2 is set and after half period is moved in pond 1, starts, both operational conditionss are identical.
For the ease of system operation and equipment repair and maintenance, native system is provided with " automatically " and " manually " two kinds of operation scheme.Under " automatically " mode, can change according to actual needs equipment working state and high water tank parameter.In system, the back flushing of film is the very effective measure that prevents that film from polluting, and is an important step of this Sewage treatment systems, and the effect of back flushing directly has influence on the water quality of film water outlet.Programming procedure has taken into full account the automatic control process to film back flushing.When electric contact vacuum meter reaches after the pressure setting, system enters back flushing state automatically.In programming procedure, take into full account uncontrollable sexual factor, be provided with MBR high water tank defence program.Can effectively prevent that the exposed and water of film from overflowing water tank.
Prior art is undesirable to wastewater treatment efficiency, is applied in and in Practical Project, has certain limitation.Double-reactor SBMBR work simplification traditional SBR technique, and adopt membrane filtration to replace second pond water outlet, obtained good pollutant removal, there is very strong denitrification dephosphorization denitrification ability, water reuse standard during telolemma effluent quality meets.The operation scheme that adopts SBR to be combined with MBR, can make the settling property of mixed solution in reactor keep good, and sludge activity is higher.By the concentration of reasonable control DO, to form anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic environment replacing in SBMBR system, for cultivation, the Growth and reproduction of various functional microorganisms provide adapt circumstance, strengthen its removal to nitrogen, phosphorus.The operational condition of sequence batch (and the combination of membrane biological reactor process, ensured that SBMBR system can stablize, remove efficiently ammonia nitrogen, and the structure setting of double-reactor has been strengthened the ability of anti-shock loading.The removal of phosphorus is mainly carried out in sbr reactor device, after its periodic reaction finishes, filters by membrane module the precipitate phase that replaces traditional sequence batch (technique, can avoid the impact of the phosphorus effect of again releasing on system dephosphorization treatment effect of PAOs.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structure iron of membrane module
Fig. 2 is the logical flow chart of system
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment is only for the present invention is described, instead of in order to limit the scope of the invention.
Water recycling device is by two identical sbr reactor water tanks in this, membrane biological reaction case, middle water tank, five major portions compositions of piping system and PLC automatic control system.Adopt in sbr reactor water tank sequence batch (operating procedure method to carry out bio-degradation reactions to former water, remove organic pollutant and denitrogenation dephosphorizing, place two membrane modules in membrane biological reaction case, further biological degradation is processed and is carried out water outlet; Middle water tank is used for the middle water of stores processor gained, and provides required water for back flushing; Piping system comprises the equipment such as manual and electrically operated valve, pump and under meter, is responsible for the aeration of water inlet, SBR water outlet, the suction water outlet of MBR film and whole process system; The normal operation of automatic control system major control whole system device and stopping, comprising PLC electrical control cubicles, electric contact vacuum pressure gauge, fluid level controller etc.
The right cylinder casing that sbr reactor case is taper by bottom and support and stirrer form, the high 750mm of support, casing height overall 1100mm, diameter 600mm, the high 150mm of bottom taper bucket.Apart from casing top, 50mm place establishes overflow weir, and 500mm place sets out penstock, and for the water outlet through periodic reaction in SBR is entered to MBR reactor, water-in is located at bottom half.
Stirrer is fixed on the top of casing, starts the mixing completely that ensures muddy water at anaerobic stages.MBR reaction box is made up of the 304 stainless steel welding of 0.9mm thickness, dimensions is 1.2m × 0.8rm × 1.3m (L × W × H), central bottom installs the highly dividing plate for 0.6m additional, and top installs the high detachable dividing plate of 0.5m additional, and reaction box is divided into 0.7m and two parts of 0.5m.The former places MBR membrane module, and the latter is as buffer strip, prevent from, into the impact of water, MBR membrane module is produced to detrimentally affect, and can be as the case may be filled or take different process.At the bottom of reaction box, there is respectively the water shoot of DN500 both sides, the blowdown while being used for carrying out spoil disposal or cleaning reaction case.
Mainly sending a signal to PLC according to the liquid bit position in reactor carries out system control, in the time that liquid level is lower than low liquid level in sbr reactor device, can realize automatic feeding water, until reach high liquid level; Lower than the lowest safe waterline (diaphragm surfaces) of film or while exceeding the highest safety level (overflow), system will be out of service.
Airing system is provided with film stripping and the two-way aerating system for SBR dissolved oxygen, and SBR aeration and film stripping are used respectively two air pumps, and air feed form is respectively perforated pipe and micro-pore aeration.Boring aeration pipe is placed in MBR water tank membrane module bottom, reach the object that controlling diaphragm pollutes, microporous aeration disc is placed in sbr reactor device bottom, the main required dissolved oxygen of biochemical degradation process of supplying with, external two magnetic valves that pipe diameter size is different, start in anoxic and aerobic stage respectively, the aeration rate of different sizes is provided, device all has gas meter to regulate aeration rate.
Middle water tank is stainless steel, and water discharging valve is arranged at specification 1.0m × 0.5m × 0.3m (L × W × H) bottom.System operation adopts the programmable logic controller (FX2N-32-MR001) of the FX-2N series 32 point relay outputs of Mitsubishi to control.Adopt electro connecting pressure gauge to read mould poor (Trans Membrane Pressure, TMP), range ability 0~0.100MPa.
In this, water recycling device membrane module is selected the MBR-8 type trilamellar membrane assembly that Zhejiang Kai Hong film company limited produces, and film is external pressure type hollow fiber ultra-filtration membrane, and material is polypropylene, design parameter:
Adopt single piece type method of attachment, two films are placed side by side in water tank, hose connection to header, are provided with valve and can control the water outlet of each membrane module.The outward appearance of membrane module and size are as shown in the figure.
The right cylinder casing that sbr reactor case is taper by bottom and support and stirrer form, the high 750mm of support, casing height overall 1100mm, diameter 600mm, the high 150mm of bottom taper bucket.Apart from casing top, 50mm place establishes overflow weir, and 500mm place sets out penstock, and for the water outlet through periodic reaction in SBR is entered to MBR reactor, water-in is located at bottom half.Stirrer is fixed on the top of casing, starts the mixing completely that ensures muddy water at anaerobic stages.
MBR reaction box is made up of the 304 stainless steel welding of 0.9mm thickness, dimensions is 1.2m × 0.8m × 1.3m (L × W × H), central bottom installs the highly dividing plate for 0.6m additional, and top installs the high detachable dividing plate of 0.5m additional, and reaction box is divided into 0.7m and two parts of 0.5m.The former places MBR membrane module, and the latter is as buffer strip, prevent from, into the impact of water, MBR membrane module is produced to detrimentally affect, and can be as the case may be filled or take different process.At the bottom of reaction box, there is respectively the water shoot of DN500 both sides, the blowdown while being used for carrying out spoil disposal or cleaning reaction case.
Fluid level controller mainly sends a signal to PLC according to the liquid bit position in reactor and carries out system control, in the time that liquid level is lower than low liquid level in sbr reactor device, can realize automatic feeding water, until reach high liquid level; Lower than the lowest safe waterline (diaphragm surfaces) of film or while exceeding the highest safety level (overflow), system will be out of service.
Airing system is provided with film stripping and the two-way aerating system for SBR dissolved oxygen, and SBR aeration and film stripping are used respectively two air pumps, and air feed form is respectively perforated pipe and micro-pore aeration.Boring aeration pipe is placed in MBR water tank membrane module bottom, reach the object that controlling diaphragm pollutes, microporous aeration disc is placed in sbr reactor device bottom, the main required dissolved oxygen of biochemical degradation process of supplying with, external two magnetic valves that pipe diameter size is different, start in anoxic and aerobic stage respectively, the aeration rate of different sizes is provided, device all has gas meter to regulate aeration rate.
Middle water tank is stainless steel, water discharging valve is arranged at specification 1.0m × 0.5m × 0.3m (L × W × H) bottom, system operation adopts the programmable logic controller (FX2N-32-MR001) of the FX-2N series 32 point relay outputs of Mitsubishi to control, adopt electro connecting pressure gauge to read mould poor, range ability 0~0.100MPa.
Controlling System hardware is made up of other accessories such as programmable logic controller, magnetic valve and motorized valve, fluid level controller, solid state relay, various switches.
(1) sbr reactor device cycle operation mode: reactor has two, and each cycle of operation is 4h, when in No. 1 reactor, liquid level control gage detects liquid level lower than the low liquid level of setting, inlet valve, raw water pump and sludge reflux pump are opened; Reach while setting high liquid level and automatically close, stirrer starts simultaneously, after operation 90min, closes; Control the valve opening of micro-aeration of anaerobic stages simultaneously, after 30min, automatically close and control the valve opening of complete aeration, enter aerobic stage operation 120min; So far end cycle, outlet valve is opened, and reacted water enters MBR water tank, enters next cycle, circular flow in the time that water level is down to the low liquid level of setting.
(2) No. 2 sbr reactor device starts: be 2h No. 1 reactor periodic duty half period, when the complete aeration valve opening of micro-aeration valve closes of while, No. 2 reactor start-ups, cycle of operation pattern is identical with No. 1, timed interval half period (2h).
(3) water level control in sbr reactor case: in the time that liquidometer detects liquid level lower than setting Schwellenwert, raw water pump and the water inlet of returned sluge pump operation; Suction pump is out of service; Reach while setting high-water, automatically stop, No. 1 stirrer is opened simultaneously.
(4) suction pump work: stop than setting the suction pump open and close intermittent time according to required the taking out of reality.
(5) film cleans: in the time that electric contact vacuum meter detects that pressure rise arrives certain numerical value, electric contact is connected corresponding PLC contact, process through programmable logic controller (PLC), send a signal to respectively two groups of valves, A group is opened B group pass, realize back flushing, and now ultrasonic generator non-stop run is cleaned.Clean after the time of setting, A group pass B group is opened.Clean and finish, automatically enter normal operation,
SBMBR system process: water intaking valve A1 opens, and the mixed solution refluxing in the former water after water pump lifting and membrane reactor enters sbr reactor device 1, after liquid level is set in arrival, raw water pump stops, and A1 closes.Cycle starts, and stirs 90min, micro-aeration 30min, and aeration 120min realizes anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic environment replacing in sbr reactor device completely, and be 4h reaction time.After end cycle, outlet valve C1 opens, and SBR water outlet enters membrane reactor, and in membrane reactor, further degraded is thorough, and the crown_interception of membrane module can replace precipitation and the bleeding stage of SBR technique simultaneously, has saved the sbr reactor cycle.For shortening the period interval time of water outlet, ensure the processing water yield of system, SBR pond 2 is set and after half period is moved in pond 1, starts, both operational conditionss are identical.
Start button (RUN) is pressed, x0 connects, A group electrical ball valve is closed B group electrical ball valve and is opened, the startup time length that K300 sets A group, B group electrical ball valve is 30 seconds, after 30 seconds, suction pump is opened film is produced to suction negative pressure, move and close after 9 minutes, stop 3 minutes, now perform statement 32-54; Statement 56-62 is used for controlling the unlatching of No. 1 water tank water intake and No. 1 agitator, and x2, x3 connect respectively the low, high-order of No. 1 float ball for use in cistern liquidometer; No. 1 agitator is controlled by statement 67-87 working time, has used 6 periods, the timer of per period 900s, and be 1.5 hours No. 1 agitator working time; Statement 91-98 is used for controlling the micro-aeration process of water tank No. 1, and setting micro-aeration time is 0.5 hour.No. 1 water tank water intake finishes to control water tank water intake No. 2 by statement 102 after 2 hours, stirs working time and micro-aeration time and is controlled by statement 149-169,173-184 respectively.Statement 109-137 is for controlling the complete aeration time of No. 1 water tank, and setting complete aeration time is 2 hours; No. 1 water tank, after the biochemical reaction of 4 hours, is controlled its gravity drainage to MBR water tank by statement 141.No. 2 the complete aeration of water tank is controlled by statement 187-215, controls its water outlet by statement 219.
Statement 222-270 is membrane module back flushing setting, x11 connects electric contact vacuum meter, when film suction negative pressure reaches preheating setting pressure value, and continue more than 20 seconds, A group electrical ball valve is closed B group electrical ball valve and is opened, suction pump therefrom water tank is drawn water membrane module is carried out to back flushing, and setting backwashing time is 3 minutes.After back flushing finishes, reenter normal operating condition, so repeatedly.Program setting system protection program be used for preventing that the reasons such as element fault from causing loss.In the time that in MBR water tank, water level is in low-water level, set suction pump stop, preventing film exposed cause membrane flux decline; For preventing overflowing of water in MBR water tank, to set in the time that water level is positioned at high-water, system is out of service.