CN102511450A - Artificial domestication method for wild leeches - Google Patents
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- 241000545744 Hirudinea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
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- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial domestication method for wild leeches. The method mainly comprises the following procedures of: selecting seeds, feeding, laying cocoons indoors, hatching indoors, breeding seedlings, and thus breeding high-quality leeches. The breeding technology is simple and advanced; by selecting the high-quality variety and adopting the scientific breeding method, the breeding efficiency is high; and by adopting the unique method of 'laying cocoons indoors and hatching indoors', the growth of the leeches is greatly quickened, and the growth period from the seedlings to the finished leeches is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the artificial acclimation method of a kind of wild leech, belong to the cultural technique field.
Background technology
Leech is commonly called as leech, is the indispensable important source material of China's traditional Chinese medicine treasure-house, in all age is referred to as to get rid of illness by people and rescues people's good medicine, and along with the continuous development of domestic and international medical science, clinical practice is more extensive.Early on the books in China's medical science masterpiece Compendium of Material Medica, not only medical value is higher, and modern science and technology finds to produce health care, cosmetics, and therefore, its personal value of leech has " genseng in the water " of the title of " soft gold ".Wild in recent years leech is because of receiving the influence of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, industrial pollution, and natural resources reduces day by day, and wild leech faces extinction; Therefore, leech is propagated artificially extremely urgent, to this situation; We several times grope and study; Take the domestication with regard to wild leech, indoor product cocoon and hatching unique technology are successfully used for reference in the locality and are promoted.This innovation makes a lot of breed fans feed back with numerous raisers are consistent, and is respond well.This has not only solved leech demand and supply contraction outstanding problem, and has opened up new road for the development of the new aquaculture industry in rural area.
China has been engaged in a lot of areas the production of hirudiniculture industry, but slower development, successful precedent is few; Problem basic is no matter propagate or breed naturally stereotyped " outdoor product cocoon and the hatching " conventional method that mostly adopted artificially; But owing to receive the influence of outer border wet weather, cold spell in spring, microthermal climate; Also have natural enemies such as outer border yellow weasel, mouse, frog, worm ant to encroach on, it is low not only to produce the cocoon rate, and injures and deaths are very serious.Particularly natural, ecological is cultured, and can't produce cocoon especially, and the one, breeding period, the kind leech was got less than enough foodstuffs, caused malnutrition, and produced cocoon less or do not produce cocoon; The 2nd, the grasp of bound pair water quality, water temperature, water level outside is difficult to regulate, and planting leech does not have stable seeking a spouse and mating favorable environment in the external world; The 3rd, and make a spot of ovum cocoon of output also can be immersed in water after-tack and death.Simultaneously, by outdoor river, pond etc. has a small amount of seedling of location, water source survival almost also to be sucked by natural enemies such as swamp eel, frog, snake classes; The 4th, the leech product phase of incubating meets special climates such as cold spell in spring low temperature again, can't produce the cocoon hatching especially, so traditional outdoor product cocoon or natural world product cocoon hatching m are almost nil sometimes.
Summary of the invention
For deficiency and the defective of alleviating prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the artificial acclimation method of a kind of wild leech, cultural technique of the present invention is simple, advanced, selects the kind of high-quality and the cultural method of the science of employing, cultures the efficient height.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to achieve these goals:
The artificial acclimation method of wild leech is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) seed selection: at the beginning of April in the last ten-days period in March, temperature is about 15 ℃, and selecting weight is above individual big, the great-hearted healthy leech of 25g, puts into the domestication intensive culture pond through the lime stone sterilization then;
(2) feeding: in domestication intensive culture pond, drop into spiral shell, freshwater mussel foodstuff, every square of 0.4-0.6kg, temperature is 18 ℃-25 ℃ in the control pond, raises and train to be 10-15 days, and day and night temperature is not less than 16 ℃ during raising and train, and the 11-12 point will be observed the water temperature situation surely every night;
(3) indoor product cocoon: can adopt two kinds of methods, first kind is indoor block pond method, and second kind is vacuolar membrane case product cocoon method;
(4) indoor hatching: young leech is quantitatively cased, control cabinet subsoil bed thickness 2-3cm, air humidity 65%, 25 ℃ of soil layer humidity 30%, temperature were emerged in 13-18 days;
(5) seedling culture: at first the pond is put into quicklime in the intensive culture pond and sterilize, soak and change new water after 2-3 days, water level will keep 38-42cm; Must load onto oxygen increasing pump in the pond, and build subsequent use heat preservation greenhouse, water surface top in pond is put into water weeds such as weter hyacinth, water lettuce in advance; After put into young leech; The children leech goes into first three sky, pond and does not ingest, and drops into after three days and is crushed to meat pasty state spiral shell, freshwater mussel, through 23-28 days intensive cultures management; The children leech can grow 6-7 centimetre, at last leech is assigned to culture in the pond equably and has raised.
The artificial acclimation method of described wild leech is characterized in that: described domestication intensive culture pond is for selecting the north-south, and wide 3 meters, length is suited measures to local conditions, and the high 120cm in pond more than the water level control 60cm, has built heat preservation greenhouse simultaneously.
The artificial acclimation method of described wild leech is characterized in that: 1.5kg quicklime full pool spilling head is pressed for every square for domestication intensive culture pond in the domestication intensive culture pond of described lime stone sterilization, soaks after 2-3 days, with cleaning up in the pond, puts into fresh water then.
The artificial acclimation method of described wild leech; It is characterized in that: described indoor block pond method is better produced the pond for selecting heat-insulating property, produces the pond and can suitably spill a quicklime defence all around, and soil layer humidity is 10-15 ℃; Indoor temperature is controlled at 23-28 ℃; Go into the pond by kind of a leech 18-22kg for every square metre, cocoon was produced in the vaporific moisturizing of watering can in 9-11 days; Described vacuolar membrane case produces the cocoon method for selecting the vacuolar membrane case through the lime water sterilization, drops into kind of a leech 7-8kg.
The artificial acclimation method of wild leech is characterized in that: ovum cocoon foam-like differs in size as pellet shot from a slingshot during described indoor product cocoon, and the interval little young leech embryo of 15-50 is arranged in each cocoon; Every kilogram of 700 cocoons are standard during described indoor hatching, specifically observe the seedling color and decide, and peony is the moulding seedling; After climbing out of from the ovum cocoon during described seedling culture, the about 1-2cm of length is that peony can be gone into the pond and cultivated.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Cultural technique of the present invention is simple, advanced; Select the kind of high-quality and the cultural method of the science of employing, culture the efficient height, " indoor product cocoon, the indoor hatching " peculiar methods that adopts simultaneously; Accelerated the leech growth rate greatly, also shortened the growth cycle of seedling simultaneously to the finished product leech.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the artificial acclimation method of wild leech may further comprise the steps:
(1) seed selection: at the beginning of April in the last ten-days period in March, temperature is about 15 ℃, and selecting weight is the above sexual maturity kind leech of 8g, puts into the domestication intensive culture pond through the lime stone sterilization then;
(2) feeding: in domestication intensive culture pond, drop into spiral shell, freshwater mussel foodstuff, every square of 0.4-0.6kg, temperature is 18 ℃-25 ℃ in the control pond, raises and train to be 10-15 days, and day and night temperature is not less than 16 ℃ during raising and train, and the 11-12 point will be observed the water temperature situation surely every night;
(3) indoor product cocoon: can adopt two kinds of methods, first kind is indoor block pond method, and second kind is vacuolar membrane case product cocoon method;
(4) indoor hatching: young leech is quantitatively cased, control cabinet subsoil bed thickness 2-3cm, air humidity 65%, 25 ℃ of soil layer humidity 30%, temperature were emerged in 13-18 days;
(5) seedling culture: at first sterilized with calcification in the intensive culture pond, soak and change new water after 2-3 days, water level will keep 38-42cm; Must load onto oxygen increasing pump in the pond, and build subsequent use heat preservation greenhouse, water surface top in pond is put into water weeds such as weter hyacinth, water lettuce in advance; Add young leech, young leech goes into first three sky, pond and does not ingest, and drops into after three days and is crushed to meat pasty state spiral shell, freshwater mussel; Through 23-28 days intensive culture management, young leech can grow 6-7 centimetre, at last leech was assigned to culture in the pond equably and had raised.
Domestication intensive culture pond is for selecting the north-south, and wide 3 meters, length is suited measures to local conditions, and the high 120cm in pond more than the water level control 60cm, has built heat preservation greenhouse simultaneously; 1.5 kilograms of quicklime full pool spilling heads are pressed for every square for domestication intensive culture pond in the domestication intensive culture pond of lime disinfection, soak after 2-3 days, with cleaning up in the pond, put into fresh water then.
Described indoor block pond method is better produced the pond for selecting heat-insulating property, can suitably spill a quicklime defence around producing the pond, and soil temperature is 10-15 ℃, and indoor temperature is controlled at 23-28 ℃, goes into the pond by kind of a leech 18-22kg for every square metre, and cocoon was produced in the vaporific moisturizing of watering can in 9-11 days; Described vacuolar membrane case produces the cocoon method for selecting the vacuolar membrane case through the lime water sterilization, drops into kind of a leech 7-8kg.
Embodiment 2:The effect data of culturing shows, and the data show of young leech
The ovum cocoon, the breed saving of labor, laborsaving and efficient that adopt the method to give birth to have particularly accelerated the growth rate of leech, have realized that culturing the leech cycle by natural world is about 180-200 days; And we only need 90-100 days vegetative period, and average every square of output is 7.2kg, can process dry product 1.8kg; Calculate by 130 yuan/kg of market flat fare; The output value is 234 yuan, deduction cost (expenditures such as seedling, feed, charges for water and electricity), and benefit is 134.5 yuan.Each output minimum number 15 tail of ovum cocoon of domestication's hatching, the centre is the 25-30 tail, and between the highest 40-50 tail, on average each cocoon seedling is about 28 tails, and every leech produces the cocoon rate more than 90%, raises survival rate more than 96%.
Claims (5)
1. the artificial acclimation method of a wild leech may further comprise the steps:
(1) choose seeds: at the beginning of April in the last ten-days period in March, temperature is about 15 ℃, and selecting weight is the leech that the above individuality of 25g is big, vigor health is arranged, and puts into the domestication intensive culture pond through the lime stone sterilization then;
(2) feeding: in domestication intensive culture pond, drop into new living body spiral shell, freshwater mussel foodstuff; Throw 0.4-0.6kg preceding 10 day every day, temperature is 18 ℃-25 ℃ in the control pond, raises and train to be 10-15 days; Day and night temperature is not less than 16 ℃ during raising and train, and the 11-12 point will be observed the water temperature situation surely every night;
(3) indoor product cocoon: can adopt two kinds of methods, first kind is indoor block pond method, and second kind is vacuolar membrane case product cocoon method;
(4) indoor hatching: young leech is quantitatively cased, control cabinet subsoil bed thickness 2-3cm, air humidity 65%, 25 ℃ of soil layer humidity 30%, temperature were emerged in 13-18 days;
(5) seedling culture: at first the pond is put into quicklime in the intensive culture pond and sterilize, soak and change new water after 2-3 days, water level will keep 38-42cm; Must load onto oxygen increasing pump in the pond, on the pond and build subsequent use heat preservation greenhouse, water surface top in pond is put into water weeds such as weter hyacinth, water lettuce in advance; After put into young leech; The children leech goes into first three sky, pond and does not ingest, and drops into after three days and is crushed to meat pasty state spiral shell, freshwater mussel, through 23-28 days intensive cultures management; The children leech can grow 6-7 centimetre, at last leech is assigned to culture in the pond equably and has raised.
2. the artificial acclimation method of wild leech according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described domestication intensive culture pond is for selecting the north-south, and wide 3 meters, length is suited measures to local conditions, and the high 120cm in pond more than the water level control 60cm, has built heat preservation greenhouse simultaneously.
3. the artificial acclimation method of wild leech according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: 1.5kg quicklime full pool spilling head is pressed for every square for domestication intensive culture pond in the domestication intensive culture pond of described lime stone sterilization; Soak after 2-3 days,, put into fresh water then cleaning up in the pond.
4. the artificial acclimation method of wild leech according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described indoor block pond method is better produced the pond for selecting heat-insulating property, produces the pond and can suitably spill a quicklime defence all around, and soil layer humidity is 10-15 ℃; Indoor temperature is controlled at 23-28 ℃; Go into the pond by kind of a leech 18-22kg for every square metre, cocoon was produced in the vaporific moisturizing of watering can in 9-11 days; Described vacuolar membrane case produces the cocoon method for selecting the vacuolar membrane case through the lime water sterilization, drops into kind of every square metre of 7-8kg of leech.
5. the artificial acclimation method of wild leech according to claim 1 is characterized in that: ovum cocoon foam-like differs in size as pellet shot from a slingshot during described indoor product cocoon, and the interval little young leech embryo of 15-50 is arranged in each cocoon; Every kilogram of 700 cocoons are standard during described indoor hatching, specifically observe the seedling color and decide, and peony is the moulding seedling; After climbing out of from the ovum cocoon during described seedling culture, the about 1-2cm of length is that peony can be gone into the pond and cultivated.
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| CN201110392741.5A CN102511450B (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2011-12-01 | Artificial domestication method for wild leeches |
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| CN201110392741.5A CN102511450B (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2011-12-01 | Artificial domestication method for wild leeches |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103385218A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-11-13 | 丹阳市淸云农业发展有限公司 | Method for increasing survival rate of autumn juvenile leech |
| CN103430911A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Young leech suspension bait table |
| CN103636563A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-19 | 靖江市明星水蛭养殖专业合作社 | Preparing scheme beneficial to leech overwintering |
| CN104304187A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-28 | 苏州市泰盛农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of indoor high-yield leech |
| CN107494355A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 无为县慧富水蛭养殖专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of artificial leech |
| CN108157245A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-15 | 重庆市开州区博海农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of leech |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103385218A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-11-13 | 丹阳市淸云农业发展有限公司 | Method for increasing survival rate of autumn juvenile leech |
| CN103430911A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Young leech suspension bait table |
| CN103636563A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-19 | 靖江市明星水蛭养殖专业合作社 | Preparing scheme beneficial to leech overwintering |
| CN103636563B (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-12-09 | 靖江市明星水蛭养殖专业合作社 | A kind of preparation method being beneficial to leech and passing the winter |
| CN104304187A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-28 | 苏州市泰盛农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of indoor high-yield leech |
| CN107494355A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 无为县慧富水蛭养殖专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of artificial leech |
| CN108157245A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-15 | 重庆市开州区博海农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of leech |
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| CN102511450B (en) | 2014-05-07 |
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Effective date of registration: 20170525 Address after: 226200, Jiangsu Province, Nantong City, Qidong City North Pole village eight sets Patentee after: Qidong Yongchang fruit and vegetable professional cooperatives Address before: 237202 Anhui Lu'an Mount Holyoke county and children street and children Street neighborhood committee Patentee before: Dan Xiuwu |
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