CN102492859A - Material charging method for laterite electric furnace smelting - Google Patents
Material charging method for laterite electric furnace smelting Download PDFInfo
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- CN102492859A CN102492859A CN2011104345939A CN201110434593A CN102492859A CN 102492859 A CN102492859 A CN 102492859A CN 2011104345939 A CN2011104345939 A CN 2011104345939A CN 201110434593 A CN201110434593 A CN 201110434593A CN 102492859 A CN102492859 A CN 102492859A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a material charging method for laterite electric furnace smelting, and relates to the technology of metallurgy of nonferrous metal, in particular to a method for charging a material in a laterite electric furnace smelting process. The charging method comprises the following steps of: adding a reducing agent in an amount which accounts for 1-16 percent of the weight of a crushed, dried and dehydrated powdery laterite hot material into the crushed, dried and dehydrated powdery laterite hot material; and directly adding the material from hollow holes of an electric furnace electrode through gravity or compressed nitrogen conveying, wherein the speed for adding the material is 25-50 t/h; the temperature of a central region of the electric furnace electrode is about 2,000-2,500 DEG C, and the diameter of the hollow holes of the electrode is 150-300 mm. Through the method, the defect of incapability of fully utilizing high-temperature heat energy at the central region of the electrode existing in the conventional electric furnace smelting process can be overcome, clean and smooth flow and safe production of the powdery material are further guaranteed and treated, the efficiency of the electric furnace smelting is further increased, the metal recovery rate is increased, and smoke rate and energy consumption are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nonferrous metallurgy process technology, be specifically related to the method that material in the red soil nickel ore electrosmelting technology is gone into stove.
Background technology
At present, the treatment process of red soil nickel ore is concluded in the world roughly has three kinds, i.e. thermal process, wet processing and fiery wet method combined process.Wherein, 70% of laterite mineral products nickel amount is to adopt the thermal process flow process to reclaim.The technical process of the laterite of the thermal process of suitability for industrialized production processing has traditional RKEF flow process (rotary kiln-eaf process), Dominica Ying Qiao shaft furnace-electric furnace process, Japan's big rivers and mountains rotary kiln for directly reducing method etc.The technical process of building or developing has NST (NICKEL SMELTING TECHNOLOGY), based on the technological nickel iron smelting process of Australia's iron of Ausmelt, and the direct current furnace melting technology etc.
Electrosmelting technology is owing to be fit to handle various types of nickel oxide ores, and industrial scale then can be according to the decisions such as reserves of supply of raw material situation, ore, and is changeable, the granularity of going into the stove furnace charge do not had strict requirement yet, thereby extensively adopted.But it is big that main drawback is exactly an energy consumption, and in addition, material gets into the stove mode and normally adds from furnace roof or furnace side charging opening, and this material is gone into the stove mode, and filling tube is prone to stop up on the one hand, and what influence was produced normally carries out, and causes calorific loss; On the other hand, when directly handling pulverulent material,, in electrosmelting, increased the tendency that fires in the stove, had equipment and operational potential safety hazard because ventilation property is poor.In addition, electrosmelting is the melting of many slags, and pulverulent material is countercurrent flow with the high-temperature flue gas that molten bath stirring intensified smelting produces from top to bottom, can make the dust rate of melting raise significantly, reduces metal recovery rate.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the novel method that a kind of material is gone into stove; It can solve the deficiency that exists in the above-mentioned electrosmelting technology; Unimpeded and the safety in production of flow process when guaranteeing to handle pulverulent material; Further improve the efficient of electrosmelting, improve metal recovery rate, reduce dust rate and energy expenditure.
Solving the scheme that technical problem of the present invention adopts is: will pass through the reductive agent that powdery red soil nickel ore thermal material behind broken, the drying and dehydrating adds its weight 1～16%; Carry direct hollow hole to add through flow by gravity or compressed nitrogen from electric furnace electrode; The inventory speed that adds is 25～50t/h; Electric furnace electrode central zone temperature is about 2000～2500 ℃, and the hollow hole diameter of electrode is 150～300mm.
The present invention also comprises following concrete technical scheme.
Is to adopt Spray Gun Of The Pressure to add from the hollow hole of described electric furnace electrode with compressed nitrogen adding material, and the nitrogen pressure when spray gun adding or envelope are expected is 0.2～0.5MPa; The temperature of said red soil nickel ore thermal material is 700～1000 ℃.
When going into stove method production ferronickel with the above-mentioned material of the present invention, should add granularity from the feeding mouth of electric furnace be the nut coke of 20～40mm, and nut coke accounts for 1～16% of thermal material weight, and the smelting temperature in the stove is 1450～1650 ℃; And when producing nickel matte, then should add granularity for < sulphur of 20mm, sulphur account for 1～6% of thermal material weight, and the smelting temperature in the stove is 1200～1400 ℃.
Of the present inventionly control technical qualification and be 900～1400 ℃ of throat temperatures, top pressure 0～100Pa, bottom temperature<250 ℃, 900～1400 ℃ of water-cooled flue input gas temperatures of stove and Yi Yanghuatanhanliang>85%, get into the chimney smoke temperature<100 ℃, the vent gas dustiness<100mg/>Nm
3, 55 ℃ ± 4 ℃ of temperature of cooling water.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) is dry through multistage cyclone, the thermal material of prereduction directly gets into electric furnace through the electrode hollow hole and carries out retailoring, the putty problem when avoiding thermal material directly into stove on the one hand; On the other hand, equipment and the operational safety of avoiding pulverulent material to cause directly into stove from furnace roof or furnace side.(2) directly melting is carried out in mass transport to molten bath through the electrode hollow hole, reduced dust rate on the one hand, and can make the material reduction reaction more abundant, help improving metal recovery rate; On the other hand, can avoid the loss of electric furnace energy consumption, save energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet of the embodiment of the invention 3.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1; In this embodiment, red soil nickel ore adopts grinding attachment to carry out break process, its granularity requirements 50 orders～250 orders; After allocate the nut coke that granularity is 20～40mm (nut coke account for thermal material weight 1～16%) into; Get into five-stage whirlwind and carry out the flash drying calcining, pulverulent material carries out retailoring through feed system entering electric furnace afterwards, and this feed system adopts hollow electrode (electrode hollow aperture 150～300mm.), and use nitrogen to carry out spray gun adding (air pressure 0.25MPa), and the speed of adding is 25～30t/h, electric furnace adopts closed melting (smelting temperature: 1450～1650 ℃), last nickeliferous 8～12% ferronickel products of output.Its result shows, adopts this method melting Rhometal, and nickel recovery reaches more than 90%, slag rate 80% (slag is nickeliferous less than 0.1%).
Direct current furnace technical feature parameter sees the following form.
| Sequence number | Title | Unit | Quantity | Remarks |
| 1 | The furnace shell diameter | mm | Φ10400 | ? |
| 2 | Furnace diameter | mm | Φ9000 | ? |
| 3 | The furnace wall height | mm | 3800 | ? |
| 4 | Electrode diameter | mm | Φ710 | ? |
| 5 | Transformer efficiency | kVA | 16500 | ? |
| 6 | Power density | kVA/m 2 | 258 | ? |
| 7 | Maximum current | A | 68750 | ? |
| 8 | The voltage gear | Shelves | 45 | Adjustable |
| 9 | The output of secondary volts DS | V | 120～490 | ? |
This feed process combines powder flash drying and electric furnace reduction melting effectively efficiently; Make electrode centers zone elevated temperature heat be fully used; Improve the efficient of electrosmelting, and flow process cleaning and safety in production when having ensured the processing pulverulent material effectively.
Embodiment 2: the operations of present embodiment and embodiment 1 and coming to the same thing, difference are that red soil nickel ore utilizes self gravitation from flowing into hollow electrode after carrying out the flash drying calcining through five-stage whirlwind.It is advantageous that equipment simple in structure, be easy to control, but this mode is inapplicable for the immersion melting, be prone to cause hollow electrode to stop up, and spacious pond melting has big meaning for long arc.
Embodiment 3: See Figure 3 in this embodiment, with embodiment 1 difference is; Reductive agent when adding granularity and has been < the sulphur of 20mm; The sulphur add-on accounts for 4.5% of thermal material weight, and the smelting temperature in the stove is adjusted into 1200～1400 ℃, finally obtains the nickel matte product.Product is nickeliferous 8～11%, sulfur-bearing 20～22%, nickel recovery 80～85%.
Claims (4)
1. the material of a red soil nickel ore electrosmelting is gone into the stove method; It is characterized in that: will pass through the reductive agent that powdery red soil nickel ore thermal material behind broken, the drying and dehydrating adds its weight 1～16%; Carry direct hollow hole to add through flow by gravity or compressed nitrogen from electric furnace electrode; The inventory speed that adds is 25～50t/h, and electric furnace electrode central zone temperature is about 2000～2500 ℃, and the hollow hole diameter of electrode is 150～300mm.
2. go into the stove method by the material of the described red soil nickel ore electrosmelting of claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is to adopt Spray Gun Of The Pressure to add that the hollow hole of electric furnace electrode adds material with compressed nitrogen, and the nitrogen pressure when spray gun adding or envelope material is 0.2～0.5MPa; The temperature of said red soil nickel ore thermal material is 700～1000 ℃.
3. go into the stove method by the material of the described red soil nickel ore electrosmelting of claim 2; It is characterized in that: when going into stove method production ferronickel with this material; Should add granularity from the feeding mouth of electric furnace is the nut coke of 20～40mm; Nut coke accounts for 1～16% of thermal material weight, and the smelting temperature in the stove is 1450～1650 ℃; And when producing nickel matte, then should add granularity for < sulphur of 20mm, sulphur account for 1～6% of thermal material weight, and the smelting temperature in the stove is 1200～1400 ℃.
4. go into the stove method by the material of the described red soil nickel ore electrosmelting of claim 2, it is characterized in that: controling technical qualification does, 900～1400 ℃ of throat temperatures, top pressure 0～100Pa, bottom temperature<250 ℃, 900～1400 ℃ of water-cooled flue input gas temperatures of stove and Yi Yanghuatanhanliang>85%, get into the chimney smoke temperature<100 ℃, the vent gas dustiness<100mg/>Nm
3, 55 ℃ ± 4 ℃ of temperature of cooling water.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN2011104345939A CN102492859A (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Material charging method for laterite electric furnace smelting |
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| CN2011104345939A CN102492859A (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Material charging method for laterite electric furnace smelting |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102703735A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for smelting nickel matte by laterite type nickel ore |
| CN102703731A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for smelting nickel matte by using lateritic nickel ore |
| CN103122416A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-05-29 | 史汉祥 | Equipment for extracting pure copper and pure zinc from brass and using method thereof |
| CN103131871A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-06-05 | 史汉祥 | Method for extracting pure copper and pure zinc from brass |
| CN107312939A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-03 | 徐州贝克福尔节能环保技术有限公司 | A kind of lateritic nickel ore powder state smelting ferronickel equipment and technique |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101871053A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2010-10-27 | 云南锡业集团（控股）有限责任公司 | Method for smelting ferronickel or nismatte with laterite-nickel ore |
| CN102021351A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-04-20 | 云南锡业集团（控股）有限责任公司 | Integrated approach to enriching nickel from nickel oxide laterite ore |
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2011
- 2011-12-22 CN CN2011104345939A patent/CN102492859A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101871053A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2010-10-27 | 云南锡业集团（控股）有限责任公司 | Method for smelting ferronickel or nismatte with laterite-nickel ore |
| CN102021351A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-04-20 | 云南锡业集团（控股）有限责任公司 | Integrated approach to enriching nickel from nickel oxide laterite ore |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 戴维: "空心电极技术的现状及发展", 《铁合金》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102703735A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for smelting nickel matte by laterite type nickel ore |
| CN102703731A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for smelting nickel matte by using lateritic nickel ore |
| CN103122416A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-05-29 | 史汉祥 | Equipment for extracting pure copper and pure zinc from brass and using method thereof |
| CN103131871A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-06-05 | 史汉祥 | Method for extracting pure copper and pure zinc from brass |
| CN103122416B (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-03-26 | 慈溪市玖发铜业有限公司 | Equipment for extracting pure copper and pure zinc from brass and using method thereof |
| CN107312939A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-03 | 徐州贝克福尔节能环保技术有限公司 | A kind of lateritic nickel ore powder state smelting ferronickel equipment and technique |
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Application publication date: 20120613 |