CN102487718B - Asexual propagation method for Elaeagnus X ebbingei 'Gilt edge' - Google Patents
Asexual propagation method for Elaeagnus X ebbingei 'Gilt edge' Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quick asexual propagation method for Elaeagnus X ebbingei 'Gilt edge'. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting triennial Elaeagnus X ebbingei as female parents, re-trimming the female parents in April of the last year before grafting, trimming for grafting stocks in January, selecting eight-year hybrid Elaeagnus X ebbingei as the stocks, performing grafting by a cleft graft method at the end of February and in early March, selecting thick branches germinated on scions as cuttings in the first ten-day period of July, soaking the lower sections of the cuttings for 10 minutes by using hormone, inserting the cuttings into a slotting machine, and performing management by adopting full exposure spraying. By the method, the problem about quick propagation of Elaeagnus X ebbingei seedlings can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' (Elaeagnus * ebbingei " Gilt edge ") method for fast asexual propagation, belong to the technical field of woody plant seedling breeding.
Background technology
Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' (Elaeagnus * ebbingei " Gilt edge ") belongs to Elaeangnaceae (Elaeagnaceae) Elaeagnus (Elaeagnus) plant.Evergreen shrubs, upright or climing property, stingless or scolus arranged, the tree stem is all close by silver color or filbert, peltate scale; The leaf alternate, blade back silver color, the blade face bottle green, the limb edge is inlayed macula lutea; Open white or yellow flower winter, spend common both sexes, polygamy sometimes, Chang Dansheng or cluster in axil; Calyx tubulose or mitriform are shunk on ovary, sliver 4; Stamen 4, filigree are extremely short; Nut contains in accrescent meat calyx pipe.Like moistening and illumination, also anti-the moon, soil are with fertile, and well-drained loam is for well, and is cold-resistant drought-resistant again.
The Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' branch is staggered, and is unusually attractive in appearance, and the florescence discharges very dense jasmine fragrance.The potted plant room of interspersing also can make potted landscape.The outdoor garden that plants has stronger stereovision and feeling of freshness.Adaptability is stronger, and is very drought-enduring cold-resistant, also can be used for roadside greening.It is very rare hedge plant.This kind is that the bud mutation of hybrid thorny elaeagnus forms, and seedling quantity is considerably less at home at present, and correlative study shows by the seedling variance ratio of seminal propagation larger, Character instability, so extremely shortage of seedling resource on the market.
Grafting and cottage propagation are plant asexual reproduction methods commonly used, also are the first-selected approach of present domestic solution nursery stock production.Have been reported the research of oleaster being carried out cottage propagation, but there are no reporting that then cuttage of then grafting carries out the research of fast asexual propagation oleaster.With leaf mould matrix the thorny elaeagnus that comes into leaves is carried out epicormic branch cuttage (seeing Chinese agriculture journal the 8th phase in 2011) such as the Yang Yan bonus, rooting rate reaches 78.1%; Liu Licheng utilizes pearlite interstitial substance that elaeagnus lanceolata is carried out cuttage (seeing Shaanxi forestry science and technology, the 3rd phase in 2010), and rooting rate is 76.67%.The method of rapid large-scale industrialization breeding Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' yet there are no report.But single use cuttage is the Fast-propagation seedling all, but Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' market seedling is few, has greatly limited the quantity of cuttage plugged ear.Single employing propagation by grafiting then takes time and effort, and the sprout tillers of grafting stock greatly affects growth and the shaping of greening seedling.Oleaster is evergreen shrubs, and branch is all being grown the whole year, but growth rate is different with season, utilizes this growth characteristics, grafting can be combined with cuttage.In sum, Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' is carried out then cuttage of then grafting can greatly improve reproduction coefficient, exploitation and the utilization and extention of Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' all had very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves provides a kind of asexual reproduction method of Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge '.
Adopt following technical scheme for solving this technology:
A) processing of scion female parent: select 3 years living Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' cuttage seeding as female parent.Front 1 year April is carried out heavy pruning to female parent in grafting, and major branch is all cut, and promotes girth growth and the high growth of descendant.
B) processing of graft stock: select 7-8 to give birth to thorny elaeagnus and prune January as stock, apart from ground 20-30cm eminence, cut off or sawed-off stock major branch, and otch is whittled into to smooth flat in order to healing, preferred 8 years living hybrid thorny elaeagnus Elaeagnus * ebbingei (list of references PROPAGATION OF ELAEAGNUS * EBBINGEI BYCUTTINGS AND ITS EVALUATION AS AN ORNAMENTAL FOR USE IN URBAN ANDSUB-URBAN AREAS for example that selects, A.Akoumianaki-Ioannidou et al)
C) grafting: at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February, carry out grafting, select cleft graft.Carry out grafting at stock near the position (about 10cm) on earth's surface.Cutting length is 5-10cm, is with 1-2 axillalry bud, and rugosity is about 0.5cm, upper end sealing wax.The present invention adopts cleft graft technology well known in the art all can implement the present invention.The following cleft graft of preferential employing: in the middle of the top of stock, cut a level and smooth otch with grafting knife, about degree of depth 3cm, simultaneously, do reverse otch about a 2cm length in scion, otch is parallel with the inclined-plane of stock, scion and stock is connected together face-to-face, after grafting is finished, twine with the plastics graft strip immediately, guarantee that scion and stock form layer and align.Simultaneously, after grafting is finished, in time remove the stock descendant.
D) cutting medium allotment: matrix adopts volume ratio 1: 1 horse liver soil and peat soil.After mixing mixing, pour in the cuttage pond that has puzzled, cuttage pond specification is width 2m, height 0.3m, and length is decided according to cuttage quantity.Then, carbendazim is admixed in the matrix, usage ratio is 4g/m
2
E) plugged ear is processed: early July, choose healthy and strong without the damage by disease and insect branch as plugged ear.The truncation of plugged ear lower cut, upper cut are cut sth. askew, otch level and smooth, crack-free; Length is 10-15cm; Plugged ear keeps 1 pair of blade, and complete full axillalry bud need be arranged.Plugged ear is with adopting with cuttage.
F) HORMONE TREATMENT: use 500mg/LNAA+250mg/LIBA to soak plugged ear hypomere 10min, insert immediately slotting machine, use sprinkling irrigation that matrix is irrigated.
G) full exposure spraying management: use the Timer Controlling water pump, water spraying time is controlled to be: fine day, hot weather particularly, spray time is spaced apart 10min, and the 1-2min that at every turn sprays is to reach cooling effect, cloudy day is lacked spray or does not spray, the general time interval is 20min, the 0.5-1min that at every turn sprays, and the rainy day does not spray.Temperature is 20-28 ℃, relative moisture 75-80%.
The beneficial effect of the relative prior art of the present invention is:
1 has rationally utilized the growth characteristics of oleaster, has established the asexual reproduction method of then cuttage of then grafting of Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge '.As stock, branch is sturdy with perennial thorny elaeagnus, and descendant is few, can provide abundant nutrition after the grafting success, promotes the growth of scion.The preferred 8 years living Elaeagnus * ebbingei thorny elaeagnus of Institute of Botany of selecting, 4-6 month is the Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' animated period of growing, and can take out slightly 100cm July, and branch is sturdy, can be cottage propagation plugged ear is provided.Reproduction coefficient reaches more than 13 times.
2 traditional cutting mediums are that vermiculite, perlite, loess, ash etc. are unfavorable for the plant cultivation growth, can only be used for cuttage root-taking, need transplant planting just can behind the cuttage root-taking.This process not only wastes time and energy, and causes the transplanting of cuttage seeding dead toward the contact meeting, thereby brings loss, adopts the application's cottage method, and the field planting of directly taking root need not to transplant, and has greatly saved manpower and materials;
3 existing cottage methods, after plugged ear shears off from parent, transplant a cutting and do not carry out any processing, cuttage, from the cuttage to the root system, grow, need three months even longer time, known in this field, hormone kind and concentration are to the significant effect of having grown of plant, the present application people finds, for the cuttage of Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ', uses 500mg/LNAA+250mg/LIBA solution to soak the preliminary treatment of plugged ear hypomere 10min, insert immediately slotting machine, greatly shortened the Calli Differentiation time;
4 cutting mediums have extremely important effect in the plant cuttage breeding, different cutting mediums has a great impact survival rate of the cuttage of plugged ear etc., different matrix are in moisture holding capacity, permeable row, insulation, there are characteristics separately the aspects such as moisturizing, horse liver soil is the distinctive a kind of soil in THE LOWER YANGTZE VALLEY area, Sha Xingqiang, do and to consolidate root, but wet water conservation, the present application people is through creative work for many years, screen in a large number the contrast experiment, from a large amount of cutting mediums, screen to such an extent that 1: 1 the volume ratio of liver soil peat soil of going into action is combined with, the survival of optimum Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' cuttage root-taking, do mutually mutual induction between each matrix, reach ventilative, moisturizing, Gu the effect of root.Cuttage rooting can either be promoted fast, the growth of plant behind the cutting survival can be promoted again.Final survival rate is more than 90%, and reproduction coefficient reaches 14 times, survives the rear seedling specification that reaches fast, can obtain efficiently the Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' high quality seedling, has greatly satisfied the demand in market.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
1, the processing of scion female parent.In April, 2009 maternal Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' is carried out heavy pruning, major branch is all cut, promote girth growth and the high growth of descendant.
2, the processing of graft stock.(Elaeagnus * ebbingei) as stock, prune in January, 2010 keeps descendant and carries out grafting to select 7 years living hybrid thorny elaeagnus.Cut off stock apart from ground 20-30cm eminence, and otch is whittled into smooth flat, seal.
3, grafting.At the beginning of 2010 3 months, carry out grafting, select cleft graft.Now stock is cut to 10cm height before the grafting.Scion length 10cm, rugosity 0.5cm is with 1-2 axillalry bud.After grafting is finished, in time remove the stock descendant.Altogether grafting 200 strains, 3 of every strain graftings.6d after the grafting, stock and scion wound healing.Behind the grafting 20d, axillalry bud begins to sprout.Survive 489, survival rate 81.50%.
4, cutting medium allotment.Matrix adopts volume ratio 1: 1 horse liver soil and peat soil.After mixing mixing, pour in the cuttage pond that has puzzled, cuttage pond specification is width 2m, height 0.3m, length 20m.Then, carbendazim is admixed in the soil, usage ratio is 4g/m
2
5, plugged ear is processed.On July 1st, 2010, axillalry bud number on the statistics grafting survival branch, average 12/.Early July, choose healthy and strong without the damage by disease and insect branch as plugged ear.The truncation of plugged ear lower cut, upper cut are cut sth. askew, otch level and smooth, crack-free; Length is 5-10cm; Plugged ear keeps 1 pair of blade, and 1-2 complete full lateral bud need be arranged.A 3-4 axillalry bud in top is because too tender, inadequate lignification, and cutting need not.Plugged ear is with adopting with cuttage simultaneously.Altogether cuttage 3000 strains.
6, HORMONE TREATMENT.Use 500mg/L NAA+250mg/L IBA to soak plugged ear hypomere 10min, insert immediately slotting machine, use sprinkling irrigation that matrix is irrigated.
7, full exposure spraying management.Use the Timer Controlling water pump, water spraying time is controlled to be: fine day, particularly hot weather, and spray time is spaced apart 10min, each spraying 1-2min, to reach cooling effect, the cloudy day is lacked spray or does not spray, the general time interval is 20min, the 0.5-1min that at every turn sprays, and the rainy day does not spray.Temperature is 20-28 ℃, relative moisture 75%.
8, survival rate statistics.15d after the cuttage, the plugged ear base portion grows callus.30d after the cuttage, statistics is taken root and is counted and rooting rate, survives altogether 2763 strains, and survival rate reaches 92.1%.13.81 times of reproduction coefficient.
Embodiment two
1, the processing of scion female parent.In April, 2010 female parent is carried out heavy pruning, major branch is all cut, promote girth growth and the high growth of descendant.
2, the processing of graft stock.(Elaeagnus * ebbingei) as stock, prune in January, 2011 keeps descendant and carries out grafting to select 8 years living hybrid thorny elaeagnus.Cut off stock apart from ground 20-30cm eminence, and otch is whittled into smooth flat, seal.
3, grafting.At the beginning of 2011 3 months, carry out grafting, select cleft graft.Now stock is cut to 10cm height before the grafting.Scion length 10cm, rugosity 0.5cm is with 1-2 axillalry bud.After grafting is finished, in time remove the stock descendant.Altogether grafting 200 strains, 3 of every strain graftings.8d after the grafting, stock and scion wound healing.Behind the grafting 20d, axillalry bud begins to sprout.Survive 503, survival rate 83.83%.
4, cutting medium allotment.Matrix adopts volume ratio 1: 1 horse liver soil and peat soil.After mixing mixing, pour in the cuttage pond that has puzzled, cuttage pond specification is width 2m, height 0.3m, length 20m.Then, carbendazim is admixed in the soil, usage ratio is 4g/m
2
5, plugged ear is processed.On July 10th, 2011, axillalry bud number on the statistics grafting survival branch, average 10/.Early July, choose healthy and strong without the damage by disease and insect branch as plugged ear.The truncation of plugged ear lower cut, upper cut are cut sth. askew, otch level and smooth, crack-free; Length is 5-10cm; Plugged ear keeps 1 pair of blade, and 1-2 complete full lateral bud need be arranged.A 2-3 axillalry bud in top is because too tender, inadequate lignification, and cutting need not.Plugged ear is with adopting with cuttage simultaneously.Altogether cuttage 3200 strains.
6, HORMONE TREATMENT.Use 500mg/L NAA+250mg/L IBA to soak plugged ear hypomere 10min, insert immediately slotting machine, use sprinkling irrigation that matrix is irrigated.
7, full exposure spraying management.Use the Timer Controlling water pump, water spraying time is controlled to be: fine day, particularly hot weather, and spray time is spaced apart 10min, each spraying 1-2min, to reach cooling effect, the cloudy day is lacked spray or does not spray, the general time interval is 20min, the 0.5-1min that at every turn sprays, and the rainy day does not spray.Temperature is 20-28 ℃, relative moisture 80%.
8, survival rate statistics.10d after the cuttage, the plugged ear base portion grows callus.30d after the cuttage, statistics is taken root and is counted and rooting rate, survives altogether 2833 strains, and survival rate reaches 88.53%.14.17 times of reproduction coefficient.
According to the disclosed asexual reproduction method of the application, can either promote fast cuttage rooting, can promote again the growth of plant behind the cutting survival.Utilize composite substrate cuttage Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ', can obtain fast and effectively a large amount of Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' seedlings, solve the problem of its shortage of resources; By to factor orthogonal experiments such as grafting, stock, matrix, plugged ear, hormone, Sprinkler Irrigations, determined the optimal case of Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' cuttage, so that then cuttage of then grafting of vegetative propagation, and survival rate is more than 90%, reproduction coefficient reaches 14 times, obtain efficiently the Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' high quality seedling, greatly satisfied the demand in market.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the asexual reproduction method of an Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A) processing of grafting female parent; B) processing of graft stock; C) grafting; D) cutting medium allotment; E) plugged ear is processed; F) HORMONE TREATMENT; G) full exposure spraying management;
It is characterized in that steps A) in the maternal processing method of grafting be: select 3 years livings Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge 's as female parent, front 1 year April is carried out heavy pruning to female parent in grafting, and major branch is all cut, and promotes descendant to grow;
Step B) the graft stock processing method in is: select 8 years living hybrid thorny elaeagnus Elaeagnus * ebbingei as stock, prune January, cut off or sawed-off stock major branch apart from ground 20-30cm eminence, and otch is whittled into smooth flat in order to healing;
Step C) grafts at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February and carry out, select cleft graft; Carry out grafting at stock near the position on earth's surface, scion length is 5-10cm, is with 1-2 axillalry bud, and rugosity is about 0.5cm, upper end sealing wax;
Step D) the matrix allocation process in is: matrix adopts volume ratio 1: 1 horse liver soil and peat soil, behind the mixing mixing, pours in the cuttage pond that has puzzled, cuttage pond specification is width 2m, height 0.3m, length 20m, carbendazim is admixed in the matrix, and usage ratio is 4g/m
2
Step e) processing time is early July in, selects the healthy and strong branch of extracting out in the scion as plugged ear, and the truncation of plugged ear lower cut, upper cut are cut sth. askew, otch level and smooth, crack-free; Length is 10-15cm; Plugged ear keeps 1 pair of blade;
Step F) cuttage HORMONE TREATMENT method is in: use 500mg/LNAA+250mg/L IBA to soak plugged ear hypomere 10min, insert immediately slotting machine;
Step G) the full exposure spraying management in is: use the Timer Controlling water pump, water spraying time is controlled to be: fine day, and spray time is spaced apart 10min, each spraying 1-2min, to reach cooling effect, the cloudy day is lacked spray or does not spray, rainy day does not spray, and temperature is 20-28 ℃, relative moisture 75-80%.
2. the asexual reproduction method of Elaeagnus X ebbingei ' Gilt edge ' according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step C) cleft graft that adopts is: cut a level and smooth otch with grafting knife in the middle of the top of stock, about degree of depth 3cm, simultaneously, do reverse otch about a 2cm in scion, otch is parallel with the inclined-plane of stock, scion and stock is connected together face-to-face, after grafting is finished, twine with the plastics graft strip immediately, guarantee that scion and stock form layer and align.
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| CN103733987A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏绿苑园林建设有限公司 | Tissue culture method of gilt elaeagnus pungens |
| CN106035030A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-26 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Cuttage propagation method of elaeagnus pungens maculata |
| CN109247179A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-22 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A method of in salt-soda soil, plantation angstrom is than thorny elaeagnus |
| CN113498686A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-15 | 金埔园林股份有限公司 | Method for cutting propagation of thorny elaeagnus pungens |
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| JP2002262657A (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2002-09-17 | Japan Tobacco Inc | Method for breeding plants of capsicum |
| CN100367843C (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2008-02-13 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Walnut twig cutting propagation technology |
| CN102090256B (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2014-07-09 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for easily cutting IlexXmeserveae S.Y.Hu. 'Blue Girl' by using magan soil |
| CN102273370A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2011-12-14 | 李文东 | High-yield magnolia officinalis propagation method |
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2011
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