CN102487696B - Method of utilizing stem section cuttage to reproduce apocynum venetum in alkali soil - Google Patents
Method of utilizing stem section cuttage to reproduce apocynum venetum in alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102487696B CN102487696B CN 201110411983 CN201110411983A CN102487696B CN 102487696 B CN102487696 B CN 102487696B CN 201110411983 CN201110411983 CN 201110411983 CN 201110411983 A CN201110411983 A CN 201110411983A CN 102487696 B CN102487696 B CN 102487696B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method of utilizing stem section cuttage to reproduce apocynum venetum in alkali soil. Obtained apocynum venetum cuttage seedlings are directly used for plantation in the alkali soil. The method comprises the steps of seedbed preparation, stem section selection, stem section processing, cuttage, seedbed management, land preparation, field transplantation, field management and the like. Field planting experiments are performed in the area of the Yellow River Delta by means of the method, the cuttage survival rate is over 80%, and the method has wide application prospects. The method of utilizing the stem section cuttage to reproduce apocynum venetum in the alkali soil is an alkali soil efficient-utilization technology which is simple and convenient to operate, does not damage wild environments of apocynum venetum and can achieve quick plantation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of breeding bluish dogbane, be specifically related to a kind of method of utilizing stem segment cuttage breeding bluish dogbane in the saline land, belong to ecological agriculture technical field.
Background technology
The Huanghe delta is positioned at the littoral area of the Yellow River estuary of South Bohai Sea, and land resources is richly endowed by nature, nearly 8,000,000 mu of unused land, and wherein the saline land is 2,700,000 mu.The unique ecotope in this district has bred a large amount of wild precious germ plasm resources, and bluish dogbane is exactly one of them species.In recent years along with high eco-economy district in the Huanghe delta rises to national strategy, and being taken seriously gradually of energy-source plant, medicinal plant, the bluish dogbane resource becomes the focus of this district's exploitation.Present bluish dogbane products material is all from wild resource, because wild resource is limited, output is difficult to guarantee, and saline land large tracts of land artificial cultivation is not yet achieved success, and has affected the development of bluish dogbane industry.Study a kind of simply effective, easy to operate kendir in alkaline land large tracts of land propagation method, can play vital effect to the promotion of bluish dogbane industry.
The report of kendir in alkaline land propagation technique such as CN1926945A, this patent document discloses the method for recovering saline-alkali land vegetation with bluish dogbane root segment propagation technique, mainly be to utilize the wild venetum rhizome that digs out to breed, the operation effort, and destroy to a certain extent wild resource.In addition, the method that the disclosed bluish dogbane of CN101213916 and CN101965777A is grown seedlings mainly is to adopt bluish dogbane seed seedbed (garden) breeding of growing seedlings, and growth cycle is long, time-consuming taking a lot of work, and economic benefit is low.
The paper of relevant kendir in alkaline land implantation methods has " culture technique of saline and alkaline plant bluish dogbane " (Zhang Xiuling, China's Forest by-product and speciality, 2005,8 (4): 5-6), " bluish dogbane artificial cultivation technique research notes " (Bai Lu etc., the Chinese Wild plant resources, 2005,24 (5): 65-66), " exploitation of Shandong bluish dogbane and utilization " (Zhang Xiuling, the Chinese Wild plant resources, 2004,23 (5): 28-29), " Huanghe delta saline soil bluish dogbane culture technique " (Liu Yuxin etc., hubei agricultural science, 2010,49 (9): 2175-2176), also mainly be to utilize seed or Cutting root reproduction, the technology such as transplanting.Up to now, not yet find to utilize in the saline land technology report of Stem section reproduction bluish dogbane.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of method of utilizing stem segment cuttage breeding bluish dogbane in the saline land.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method of utilizing stem segment cuttage breeding bluish dogbane in the saline land comprises the steps:
Prepare in a, seedbed
On the soil of preparing the plantation bluish dogbane, 30-50m is chosen on every mu of ground
2The plot do the seedbed, to the seedbed plough deeply, the whole ground of rake, a kind of farm tools, make land readjustment, soil is in small, broken bits; Do furrow, press 4500-5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume flood irrigation one time; Apply as base manure with farmyard manure or composite fertilizer, farmyard manure applies by every square metre of 1.5-2kg and soil mixing, composite fertilizer by clay fertilizer than 100kg: (5-7) the g mixing applies; Press 1-1.5m row spacing ridging, the high 15-20cm in ridge digs three row bar ditches in furrow, ditch depth 15cm, and wide 20-30cm, the soil of corrugate is placed on bank temporarily, in order to the landfill cuttage seeding;
B, stem section are chosen
Choose wild venetum stem culm base diameter greater than the branch of 0.4cm, the stem stalk of the long 15-20cm of clip is as transplanting a cutting; During the clip branch, upper clip is positioned at phyllopodium top, branch top 1.3-1.6cm, and 1-2 sheet blade is stayed at the branch top; Described cutting upper end clip is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane; Get the cutting of clip;
C, stem section are processed
The cutting of the clip that step b is made per 20-30 in turn cephlad-caudal unanimously be bundled into and transplant a cutting bundle, use the medicining liquid dipping sterilization, take out afterwards to transplant a cutting and tie, rinse well with 30-40 ℃ of warm water, place plastic containers, be mixed with the solution of 1000ppm with root-growing agent, soaked 8-12 hour, get soaked cutting;
D, cuttage
The soaked cutting that step c makes is stained with root with the mud that contains root-inducing powder, then every 10-20cm, pastes limes marginis by the stem stalk direction of growth and uprightly place, the earthen backfill on the bank is buried, press 4500-5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water spray irrigate; Continue the landfill dry ground after the capable generation sedimentation of ditch, until stem section buried depth 8-12cm builds shading screen, light transmittance 10%-50% after whole cuttages are complete;
E, seedbed management
According to weather and soil regime, in time irrigate the seedbed, keep ground moistening, soil weight water content 25-35%; When temperature is lower than 15 ℃, remove shading screen, stalks mulching or straw mat are in order to transplanting a cutting safe overwintering; Second Year arrives spring, and the stalk of covering or straw mat continue to keep, and after cutting is germinateed, removes the stalk or the straw mat that cover; Cutting grow behind the 5-7 leaf cuttage seeding, carry out field-transplanting;
F, field-transplanting
The saline land selects soil total salt content to be no more than the plot of 0.5wt%, and weeding wholely, makes land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter＜5mm; Press 1-1.5m row spacing ridging, the high 15-20cm in ridge digs pit in furrow, and hole diameter 15-20cm cheats dark 15cm, and the hole is apart from 50-100cm; Apply farmyard manure 0.5-1kg or composite fertilizer 5-10g in the hole, must treat the transplanted seedling hole; The cuttage seeding band soil that grows the 5-7 leaf in the step e seedbed is dug out, move into the described transplanted seedling for the treatment of of this step and cheat the compacting of watering of banketing;
G, land for growing field crops field management
According to weather condition, optimum period, water after transplanting, and keeps ground moistening, soil weight water content 25-30%; To stopping to water by the end of August the rear 4500-5000m that presses of mid or late September transplanted seedling fallen leaves
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water 1 time permeable; Second Year transplanted seedling in spring is turned green and front shallow rake is carried out in the plot after transplanting, chesson, and farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields 1 time in the earth's surface.
It is preferred according to the present invention,
Composite fertilizer described in step a, the f, wherein N content is 15%, P
2O
5Content is 15%, K
2O content is 15%, is mass percent.
The soil particle particle diameter that refers in small, broken bits is less than 5mm among the step a; Soil in small, broken bits can strengthen the gas permeability of soil, but the plot admixture sand that hardens serious or the crops straw of pulverizing.
The described wild venetum stem stalk of choosing of step b, preferably annual mid-July to early August; When choosing the stem section, on same plant, the stem section is preferred gives birth to that the middle and lower part faces south, interval then from being 2-5cm, the branch of stem culm base diameter 0.6-1.0cm.When clip stem stalk was done to transplant a cutting, it is level and smooth that clip will keep.
The described thimerosal of step c is mercuric chloride solution or the volumetric concentration 0.2% tpn solution of volumetric concentration 0.1%, soak time 10-20min.
Root-growing agent described in the step c is 1% Yin fourth abscisic acid, is the commercially available prod.Henan Province roc prestige Science and Technology Ltd. is on sale.
When the soaked cutting described in the steps d is stained with root with the mud that contains root-inducing powder, get final product by prior art.Preferably, be stained with root with also being added with commercially available drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent in the mud.Further preferred, described root-inducing powder is No. 1, ABT root-inducing powder, Beijing Ai Bidi research and development centre (the Chinese Academy of Forestry's development) on sale.Described drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent is that commercially available any has the product for agriculture of preserve moisture and fertility effect, and for example Tianjin Sannongjin Technology Co., Ltd. produces " Tianjin " series " efficient drought-resistant water-reataining fertilizer-keeping agent " sell, " the degradable drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent " that Shijiazhuang Jianyuan Starch Derivative Co., Ltd.'s product is sold.Be stained with the dosage of root-inducing powder in the root usefulness mud by prior art, the dosage of drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent is by prior art.
Weeding described in the step f can be artificial weeding or use the weed killer herbicide weeding, and weeding two Zhou Houzai carry out soil cultivating.Weed killer herbicide is selected by prior art, can remove weeds and get final product, such as commercially available paraquat or glyphosate etc.
Can adopt the drip irrigation facility to water in the step g, keep the hole nest moistening, should sooner or later carry out.When being subjected to weeds harm, with weed killer herbicide or artificial weeding.Shallow rake described in the step g is degree of depth 3-5cm.Unspecified field management is all by prior art.
The raw material that does not specify in the above step is conventional commercially available.
The term explanation:
Tpn: chemical name 2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1, the 3-dicyanobenzenes is wide spectrum, protective fungicide.
Glyphosate: chemical name N-((phosphonomethyl)) glycine, N-((phosphonomethyl)) amion acetic acid is a kind of organophosphorus herbicide.
Paraquat: chemical name: 1-1-dimethyl-4-4-bipyridine cation salt is a kind of quick steriland herbicide, has action of contace poison and certain systemic action.
Mercuric chloride: being commonly called as of mercury chloride is the reagent of analytical chemistry, can do disinfectant and preservative.
The present invention compared with prior art excellent results is as follows:
1, utilize first the stem section to carry out the bluish dogbane cottage propagation.In the document of publishing at present, the patent, the relevant tame technology of bluish dogbane all is to utilize seed or root segment to breed, and utilizes the breeding of stem segment cuttage and achieve success to still belong to the first time.
2, protected the wild venetum germplasm resource.Compare with Cutting root reproduction, transplanting plantation, utilize the breeding of stem segment cuttage to avoid the extinctive excavation of bluish dogbane to destroy.After the clip stem section, wild venetum still can continue original place hair tonic from the root, does not affect the protection of wild resource.
3, technique is simple, and planting speed is fast.Compare with seminal propagation, utilize stem segment cuttage fast growth, general 12-18 month can planting success on the saline land; The nutriment of stem section storage is more than seed storage, is subjected to ectocine less, and rate of development is fast.And whole technological process is simple, the stem stalk of directly choosing in the growth is made cuttage seeding, reduced seed collection, the processing stage, saved the use link of greenhouse, booth, time and labour saving.Simultaneously, because the seedbed directly is based upon and treats kind of a plot, the vehicle transport of having avoided breeding behind the seedling shifts link, can directly be transplanted to the land for growing field crops nearby.
Experimental example
Below by concrete result of the test, further specify beneficial effect of the present invention.
One, table 1 is that Stem position, footpath are thick, the buried depth degree of depth and chemicals treatment affect result's experiment to stem segment cuttage survival rate.What wherein the stem section was chosen is Dongying City Guang Bei farm wild venetum plant mid-July, is divided into three kinds of positions, upper, middle and lower with scissor cut, with the cutting stem section of clip per 20 in turn (cephlad-caudal is consistent) tie up, be divided into control group and processed group.Processed group tied up be placed on 0.2% tpn solution and soaked ten minutes, take out after the sterilization to transplant a cutting and tie up, rinse well with 30 ℃ of warm waters, place plastic containers, be mixed with 1000ppm solution immersion 8 hours with root-growing agent.Half adds the ABT root-inducing powder with the drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent and mixes upper mud for No. 1 and be stained with root with soaked cuttage stem section, and control group does not deal with the cuttage contrast.Then two processing are carried out cuttage by buried depth 5cm and 10cm respectively, 2 months " Invest, Then Investigate " survival rates.See Table 1.
Table 1 Stem position, footpath are thick, the buried depth degree of depth and chemicals treatment be on the as a result table that affects of stem segment cuttage survival rate
As can be seen from Table 1, the position of stem section, the footpath is thick and buried depth all has significant impact to survival rate, and whether no matter stem section top process cuttage does not all survive, during the buried depth 10cm of middle part after the chemicals treatment survival rate reach 33.3%, contrast only is 22.0%; And the base portion stem slightly the cuttage survival rate more than 0.4cm surpass 60%, survival rate reaches 85.6% during control group buried depth 10cm, buried depth 5cm and 10cm survival rate can bring up to respectively 74.8% and 90.5% after chemicals treatment, effect is remarkable.
Two, table 2 is with the situation that the survives experiment behind the transplanting of the cutting behind the cutting survival land for growing field crops.This test is carried out in three places such as herbage proving ground, two another arena, Dongying City Guang Bei farm, base, Dongying City landscape bureau nursery, Kenli County woods villages respectively.Cuttage seeding in early July, 2009 cuttage is transplanted behind the land for growing field crops broad irrigation mid-September 1 time then, investigates the field survival rate mid-October.
Table 2 cuttage seeding field-transplanting survival rate information slip
Found out by table 3, after cuttage seeding was transplanted, the land for growing field crops survival rate was all more than 80%.
Embodiment
The present invention has carried out respectively test and has implemented in proving ground, two another arenaes, Dongying City Guang Bei farm, base, Dongying City landscape bureau nursery and Kenli County woods village, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
The described medicament of embodiment is described as follows:
Root-growing agent is 1% Yin fourth abscisic acid, and LongMang Fusheng Technology Co., Ltd, Sichuan produces.
The drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent is a kind of agent for preserving soil moisture and modifying agent, and Tianjin Sannongjin Technology Co., Ltd. produces.
ABT root-inducing powder No. 1 (ABT1 number), Beijing Ai Bidi research and development centre product.
The raw material that does not specify among the embodiment is conventional commercially available.
Embodiment 1:
Herbage proving ground, two another arena, Dongying City Guang Bei farm, testing ground area 1335m
2, experimental field foundation soil fertility situation such as following table 3 begin the cuttage test in mid-July, 2008.
Each proving ground soil fertility situation of table 3
Concrete steps are as follows:
Prepare in a, seedbed
On the soil of intending preparation plantation bluish dogbane, choose 10 * 10m
2The plot do the seedbed, wheat stalk and farmyard manure that admixture is pulverized are ploughed deeply 20cm, rake carefully, periphery is done furrow, presses 4500m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume broad irrigation one time, to press alkali.Farmyard manure 150kg, pulverizing wheat stalk 100kg and soil mixing apply.Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 15cm in ridge digs three row bar ditches in furrow, ditch depth 15cm, and wide 20cm, the soil of corrugate is placed on bank temporarily, in order to the landfill cuttage seeding;
B, stem section are chosen
By the end of July, choose base diameter greater than the thick shape branch of 0.4cm, the stem stalk of the long 15cm of clip is as transplanting a cutting; During the clip branch, upper clip is positioned at phyllopodium top, branch top 1.5cm, removes lower blade, stays top 1-2 sheet blade; It is level and smooth that clip is wanted, and the upper end clip is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane; Get the cutting of clip;
C, stem section are processed
With the cutting of clip per 20 in turn cephlad-caudal unanimously tie up, it is immersed in immersion sterilization in 10 minutes in the volumetric concentration 0.2% tpn solution, take out after the sterilization to transplant a cutting and tie up, rinse well with 30 ℃ of warm waters, place plastic containers, be mixed with the solution of 1000ppm with root-growing agent 1% Yin fourth abscisic acid, soaked 8 hours; Get soaked cutting;
D, cuttage
Soaked cutting is stained with root with the mud that contains No. 1, drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent and ABT root-inducing powder, then every 15cm, pastes limes marginis by the stem stalk direction of growth and uprightly place, the earthen backfill on the bank is buried, press 4500m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume irrigate; Continue the landfill dry ground after the capable generation sedimentation of ditch, until stem section buried depth 10cm builds shading screen, light transmittance 40% after whole cuttages are complete;
E, seedbed management
According to weather and soil regime, in time irrigate the seedbed, keep ground moistening; After temperature is lower than 15 ℃, remove shading screen, stalks mulching is in order to transplanting a cutting safe overwintering; Second Year arrives spring, and the stalk of covering continues to keep, and after cutting is germinateed, according to circumstances removes the stalk that covers;
F, field-transplanting
Use the glyphosate weed eradication, carry out farming after two weeks, make land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter＜5mm; Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 15cm in ridge,, in furrow, digging pit, hole diameter 20cm cheats dark 15cm, and the hole is apart from 80cm; Apply farmyard manure 1kg in the hole; After cuttage seeding grows the 6-7 leaf, transplant; During transplanting cuttage seeding band soil is dug out, move in the hole compacting of watering of banketing;
G, land for growing field crops field management
According to weather condition, adopt drip irrigation facility optimum period to water after transplanting, keep ground moistening; To cutting off the water by the end of August the rear 4500m that presses of mid or late September fallen leaves
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water 1 time permeable; When being subjected to weeds harm, with weed killer herbicide or artificial weeding; Second Year transplanted seedling in spring is turned green and front 5cm depth rake is carried out in the plot after transplanting, chesson, and farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields 1 time in the earth's surface.
Embodiment 2:
Base, Dongying City landscape bureau nursery is positioned at the In Central City of Dongying northeast, testing ground area 800m
2, experimental field foundation soil fertility situation such as following table 4 begin the cuttage test in August, 2008.
Concrete steps are as follows:
Prepare in a, seedbed
Choose 5 * 10m in the soil of preparing the plantation bluish dogbane
2The plot is as the seedbed.Admixture sand 50kg, farmyard manure 75kg plough deeply 20cm, rake thin, and periphery is done furrow, presses 5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume broad irrigation one time, to press alkali; Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 20cm in ridge digs three row bar ditches in every furrow, ditch depth 15cm, and wide 20cm, the soil of corrugate is placed on bank temporarily, in order to the landfill cuttage seeding.
B, stem section are chosen
Mid-August, choose diameter greater than the thick shape branch of base portion of 0.4cm, the cutting of the long 20cm of clip.During sampling, on same plant, transplant a cutting and select to give birth to then the branch that the middle and lower part faces south, and internode is shorter, branches and leaves are sturdy.Clip is level and smooth, and the upper end is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane.During the clip branch, upper clip is positioned at about the 1.5cm of phyllopodium top, branch top, removes lower blade, stays top 1-2 sheet blade; It is level and smooth that clip is wanted, and the upper end clip is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane; Get the cutting of clip;
C, stem section are processed
Per 30 cephlad-caudal of the cutting of clip are unanimously tied up in turn, be placed on volumetric concentration 0.2% tpn solution immersion 10 minutes tying up, take out after the sterilization to transplant a cutting and tie up, rinse well with 40 ℃ of warm waters, place plastic containers, be mixed with 1000ppm solution with root-growing agent 1% Yin fourth abscisic acid and soaked 10 hours, get soaked cutting;
D, cuttage
Soaked cutting is stained with root with the mud that contains No. 1, drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent and ABT root-inducing powder, then every 15cm, pastes limes marginis by the stem stalk direction of growth and uprightly place, the earthen backfill on the bank is buried, press 5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water spray irrigate; Continue the landfill dry ground after the capable generation sedimentation of ditch, until stem section buried depth 10cm builds shading screen, light transmittance 50% after whole cuttages are complete;
E, seedbed management
According to weather and soil regime, in time irrigate the seedbed, keep ground moistening; After temperature is lower than 15 ℃, remove shading screen, stalks mulching is in order to transplanting a cutting safe overwintering; Second Year arrives spring, and the stalk of covering continues to keep, and after cutting is germinateed, according to circumstances removes the stalk that covers;
F, field-transplanting
Use the glyphosate weed eradication, carry out farming after two weeks, make land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter＜5mm; Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 15cm in ridge,, in furrow, digging pit, hole diameter 20cm cheats dark 15cm, and the hole is apart from 60cm; Apply composite fertilizer 5g in the hole; After cuttage seeding grows the 6-7 leaf, transplant; During transplanting cuttage seeding band soil is dug out, move in the hole compacting of watering of banketing; Cuttage seeding surrounding soil natural subsidence forms low-lying ground after the compacting, and needn't banket and cover flatly this moment, is conducive to keep away alkaline stress.
G, land for growing field crops field management
According to weather condition, adopt drip irrigation facility optimum period to water after transplanting, keep ground moistening; To cutting off the water by the end of August the rear 5000m that presses of mid or late September fallen leaves
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water 1 time permeable; When being subjected to weeds harm, with weed killer herbicide or artificial weeding; Second Year transplanted seedling in spring is turned green and front 3cm depth rake is carried out in the plot after transplanting, chesson, and farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields 1 time in the earth's surface.
Embodiment 3:
Adjacent the Yellow River, west, woods village, Qing Tuo town, Kenli County, testing ground area 1800m
2, irrigation conditions is sufficient, but the soil salinization is serious.Experimental field foundation soil fertility situation such as following table 4 begin the cuttage test in August, 2009.
Concrete steps are as follows:
Prepare in a, seedbed
Choose 10 * 12m in the soil of preparing the plantation bluish dogbane
2The plot is as the seedbed.Admixture farmyard manure 150kg ploughs deeply 20cm, rakes thin, and periphery is done furrow, presses 4800m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume broad irrigation one time is to press alkali.Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 20cm in ridge digs three row bar ditches in every furrow, ditch depth 15cm, and wide 20cm, the soil of corrugate is placed on bank temporarily, in order to the landfill cuttage seeding.
B, stem section are chosen
Early August, choose around diameter greater than the thick shape branch of base portion of 0.4cm, the cutting of the long 15cm of clip.During the clip branch, on same plant, transplant a cutting and select to give birth to then the branch that the middle and lower part faces south, and internode is shorter, branches and leaves are sturdy.Clip is level and smooth, and the upper end is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane.During the clip branch, upper clip is positioned at about the 1.5cm of phyllopodium top, branch top, removes lower blade, stays top 1-2 sheet blade; It is level and smooth that clip is wanted, and the upper end clip is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane; Get the cutting of clip;
C, stem section are processed
Per 30 cephlad-caudal of the cutting of clip are unanimously tied up in turn, be placed on volumetric concentration 0.2% tpn solution immersion 10 minutes tying up, take out after the sterilization to transplant a cutting and tie up, rinse well with warm water, place plastic containers, be mixed with 1000ppm solution with root-growing agent 1% Yin fourth abscisic acid and soaked 12 hours, get soaked cutting;
D, cuttage
Soaked cutting is stained with root with the mud that contains No. 1, ABT root-inducing powder, then every 15cm, pastes limes marginis by the stem stalk direction of growth and uprightly place, the earthen backfill on the bank is buried, press 4800m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water spray irrigate; Continue the landfill dry ground after the capable generation sedimentation of ditch, until stem section buried depth 10cm builds shading screen, light transmittance 40% after whole cuttages are complete;
E, seedbed management
According to weather and soil regime, in time irrigate the seedbed, keep ground moistening; After temperature is lower than 15 ℃, remove shading screen, stalks mulching is in order to transplanting a cutting safe overwintering; Second Year arrives spring, and the stalk of covering continues to keep, and after cutting is germinateed, according to circumstances removes the stalk that covers;
F, field-transplanting
Use first the glyphosate herbicidal weed eradication, carry out farming after two weeks, make land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter＜5mm; Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 20cm in ridge digs pit in furrow, and hole diameter 20cm cheats dark 15cm, and the hole is apart from 50cm.Apply in advance composite fertilizer 10g in the hole.After growing the 6-7 leaf, cuttage seeding transplants.Band soil digs out during transplanting, moves in the hole compacting of watering of banketing.Cuttage seeding surrounding soil natural subsidence forms low-lying ground after the compacting, and needn't banket and cover flatly this moment, is conducive to keep away alkaline stress.Apply in advance composite fertilizer 10g in the hole.
G, land for growing field crops field management
According to weather condition, adopt the Huanghe water flood irrigation to water after transplanting, keep the hole nest moistening, should sooner or later carry out.To cutting off the water by the end of August the rear 4800m that presses of mid or late September fallen leaves
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water 1 time permeable.Second Year transplanted seedling in spring is turned green and front 4cm depth rake is carried out in the plot after transplanting, chesson, and farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields 1 time in the earth's surface.
Claims (8)
1. a method of utilizing stem segment cuttage breeding bluish dogbane in the saline land is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Prepare in a, seedbed
On the soil of preparing the plantation bluish dogbane, 30-50m is chosen on every mu of ground
2The plot do the seedbed, the seedbed is ploughed deeply, is harrowed, the whole ground of a kind of farm tools makes land readjustment, soil is in small, broken bits; Do furrow, press 4500-5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume flood irrigation one time; Apply as base manure with farmyard manure or composite fertilizer, farmyard manure applies by every square metre of 1.5-2kg and soil mixing, composite fertilizer by clay fertilizer than 100kg:(5-7) the g mixing applies; Press 1-1.5m row spacing ridging, the high 15-20cm in ridge digs three row bar ditches in furrow, ditch depth 15cm, and wide 20-30cm, the soil of corrugate is placed on bank temporarily, in order to the landfill cuttage seeding;
B, stem section are chosen
Annual mid-July to early August, choose wild venetum stem culm base diameter greater than the branch of 0.4cm, the stem stalk of the long 15-20cm of clip is as cutting; During the clip branch, upper clip is positioned at phyllopodium top, branch top 1.3-1.6cm, and 1-2 sheet blade is stayed at the branch top; Described cutting upper end clip is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane; Get the cutting of clip;
C, stem section are processed
The cutting of the clip that step b is made per 20-30 in turn cephlad-caudal unanimously be bundled into and transplant a cutting bundle, use the medicining liquid dipping sterilization, take out afterwards to transplant a cutting and tie, rinse well with 30-40 ℃ of warm water, place plastic containers, be mixed with the solution of 1000ppm with root-growing agent, soaked 8-12 hour, get soaked cutting;
D, cuttage
The soaked cutting that step c makes is stained with root with the mud that contains root-inducing powder, then every 10-20cm, pastes limes marginis by the stem stalk direction of growth and uprightly place, the earthen backfill on the bank is buried, press 4500-5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water spray irrigate; Continue the landfill dry ground after the capable generation sedimentation of ditch, until stem section buried depth 8-12cm builds shading screen, light transmittance 10%-50% after whole cuttages are complete;
E, seedbed management
According to weather and soil regime, in time irrigate the seedbed, keep ground moistening, soil weight water content 25-35%; When temperature is lower than 15 ℃, remove shading screen, stalks mulching or straw mat are in order to transplanting a cutting safe overwintering; Second Year arrives spring, and the stalk of covering or straw mat continue to keep, and after cutting is germinateed, removes the stalk or the straw mat that cover; Cutting grow behind the 5-7 leaf cuttage seeding, carry out field-transplanting;
F, field-transplanting
The saline land selects soil total salt content to be no more than the plot of 0.5wt%, and weeding wholely, makes land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter＜5mm; Press 1-1.5m row spacing ridging, the high 15-20cm in ridge digs pit in furrow, and hole diameter 15-20cm cheats dark 15cm, and the hole is apart from 50-100cm; Apply farmyard manure 0.5-1kg or composite fertilizer 5-10g in the hole, must treat the transplanted seedling hole; The cuttage seeding band soil that grows the 5-7 leaf in the step e seedbed is dug out, move into the described transplanted seedling for the treatment of of this step and cheat the compacting of watering of banketing;
G, land for growing field crops field management
According to weather condition, optimum period, water after transplanting, and keeps ground moistening, soil weight water content 25-30%; To stopping to water by the end of August the rear 4500-5000m that presses of mid or late September transplanted seedling fallen leaves
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water 1 time permeable; Second Year transplanted seedling in spring is turned green and front shallow rake is carried out in the plot after transplanting, chesson, and farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields 1 time in the earth's surface.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the composite fertilizer described in step a, the f, and wherein N content is 15%, P
2O
5Content is 15%, K
2O content is 15%, is mass percent.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the soil particle particle diameter that refers in small, broken bits is less than 5mm among the step a; Soil in small, broken bits can strengthen the gas permeability of soil, but the plot admixture sand that hardens serious or the crops straw of pulverizing.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the described wild venetum stem stalk of choosing of step b, when choosing the stem section, on same plant, the stem section is preferred gives birth to that the middle and lower part faces south, interval then from being 2-5cm, the branch of stem culm base diameter 0.6-1.0cm; When clip stem stalk was done to transplant a cutting, it is level and smooth that clip keeps.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the described thimerosal of step c is mercuric chloride solution or the volumetric concentration 0.2% tpn solution of volumetric concentration 0.1%, soak time 10-20min.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the cutting described in the steps d is stained with root with in the mud, also is added with commercially available drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts the drip irrigation facility to water in the step g, is sooner or later carrying out.
8. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the shallow rake described in the step g is degree of depth 3-5cm.
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| CN102792842A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-28 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Planting method of switchgrass in alkaline land |
| CN105027915A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for interplanting apocynum venetum and garlic in saline and alkaline land |
| CN107223515B (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2021-03-09 | 王盼盼 | Apocynum venetum cultivation method suitable for heavy saline alkali area |
| CN108521923B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2021-03-12 | 北京世纪农丰土地科技有限公司 | Method for treating soil salinization |
| CN112024587A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 福建荣冠环境建设集团有限公司 | Municipal ecological restoration construction technology |
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