CN102472430A - Cumbustion-gas system, in particular for cargo vessels - Google Patents

Cumbustion-gas system, in particular for cargo vessels Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102472430A
CN102472430A CN2010800327013A CN201080032701A CN102472430A CN 102472430 A CN102472430 A CN 102472430A CN 2010800327013 A CN2010800327013 A CN 2010800327013A CN 201080032701 A CN201080032701 A CN 201080032701A CN 102472430 A CN102472430 A CN 102472430A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
storage tank
liquid gas
transportation
gas
pipeline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN2010800327013A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
O·拜尔
A·卡尔斯巴赫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TGE Marine Gas Engineering GmbH
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TGE Gas Engineering GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TGE Gas Engineering GmbH filed Critical TGE Gas Engineering GmbH
Publication of CN102472430A publication Critical patent/CN102472430A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/002—Storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0138—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0341—Filters
    • F17C2205/0347—Active charcoal type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0358—Pipes coaxial
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/221—Welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
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    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0486—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location
    • F17C2250/0491—Parameters measured at or inside the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/015—Facilitating maintenance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/025—Reducing transfer time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/036—Avoiding leaks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/044—Avoiding pollution or contamination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/031—Treating the boil-off by discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0186—Applications for fluid transport or storage in the air or in space
    • F17C2270/0189—Planes

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for storing cryogenic liquid gas in a tank (1) of a transport means, in particular of a ship, having the following steps: removal of liquid gas from a storage tank, heating of the removed liquid gas, filling of the tank (1) of the transport means with the heated liquid gas by pumping the liquid gas into the tank (1) of the transport means. Moreover, the invention relates to a system, by way of which this method can be carried out, and to a ship having a system of this type.

Description

Combustion gas system in particular for merchant navy vessel
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and system that is used for storing at the means of transportation storage tank cryogenic liquid gas, especially LNG (LNG Liquefied natural gas), said cryogenic liquid gas is set for and drives means of transportation, especially boats and ships.
Background technique
In the strict process of waste gas emission standard benefit on duty for the day and make great efforts to reduce especially since merchant navy vessel navigate by water the harmful gas that causes, at this SO especially x, CO 2And NO xDischarging process in; Develop a kind of system at present, this system allow based on so-called duel fuel engine---said duel fuel engine is gas-firing and heavy oil and/or diesel oil alternatively---or gas installed as other of fuel in rock gas drive merchant navy vessel.
Precondition with gas work is the gas of the respective amount of can feeding aboard ship.At this, required amount is relevant with the purposes of the type of boats and ships and boats and ships.Specifically relevant to the gas pressure of combustion gas/inflammable gas, gas temperature with employed consumption device with GAS QUALITY institute requirement.
Because the energy density of rock gas is little; So liquefaction rock gas, be that so-called LNG is suitable for the preferred storage form as combustion gas; Therefore the rock gas of said liquefaction allows high energy density in storage volumes under lower pressure and low temperature, and can in operational capacity of vessel, store desired amount of energy under aboard ship the restricted situation of space situation.
One is used on boats and ships, providing the system of gas to have following parts usually by LNG:
-Load System (charging connecting end);
-LNG storage (is constructed such that not emit with the boats and ships of storage volumes adjacency part and suffers the utmost point
The risk of low temperature, this extremely low temperature can cause the Ship Structure steel to lose efficacy);
-fuel delivery means or pressure is increased to consume the supercharging device of device pressure;
-fuel treating equipment (mate temperature and mate quality in case of necessity);
-safety installations.
According to existing technology, use jar cylindraceous less, vacuum insulating to a great extent as reservoir vessel.To the processing of fuel or being installed in pump gaseous state ground in the storage tank through utilization extracts the LNG of vaporization out and in compressor, compress and carry out; Carry out through in the natural circulation vaporizer, carrying out supercharging, said natural circulation vaporizer needs the bottom outlet of storage tank.
For example realize loading through so-called Gas Recovery (Gaspendeln).That is to say, be included in that liquid LNG that the gas phase (material) in the empty boats and ships storage tank is recharged squeezes and turn back to the boats and ships or the storage tank of filling through second pipeline on limit, charging pipe roadside.
For pipeline is connected on the storage tank, storage tank is provided with adapter/pipe joint usually, and pipeline flange is connected in the said adapter.Though for security reasons be that pipeline is welded on the storage tank better, in traditional storage tank, this can not realize in reality usually.In addition, for security reasons, pipeline does not advantageously pass the sidewall of tank bottom or storage tank.Otherwise the liquid that can cause storage tank in the corresponding leakage of the pipeline that is arranged in the Tank Farm territory is owing to gravity flows out.
By a kind of system and method that is used to unload gas tanker of document EP 1353113A2 cicada.Said system comprise one have submersible pump loading jar and do not have the loading jar of submersible pump.Said loading jar is connected to each other through two pipelines, and one of them pipeline is equipped with compressor.By means of this compressor, gaseous substance is pumped into the loading jar with submersible pump from loading jar with submersible pump.Pressure through in not having the loading jar of submersible pump, so producing improves, and the jar that liquid never has submersible pump arrives in the jar with submersible pump through another pipeline.By said submersible pump, liquid gas is transported to land-bound equipment from affiliated jar through gas exhaust piping.Said system can suitably regulate temperature.
In another the known method that is used for filling storage tank, for example the rock gas with liquefaction is filled in the storage tank through first pipeline.Owing to the liquid discharging of deep cooling is arrived in the gas phase (material), so the so-called boil-off gas/ease gas that in this storage tank, occurs is condensed through second pipeline.Therefore, needn't from storage tank, take out the boil-off gas that in this storage tank, occurs.Through the 3rd pipeline liquid gas is taken out from storage tank when needed.Document WO 2009/063127A1 has disclosed a kind of storage tank equipment that is used to carry out this method.
If during being packed into liquid gas, the gas that is in the storage tank is condensed to avoid in this storage tank, producing overvoltage, and then this has limited the speed that can be used for liquid gas is packed into storage tank.
Traditional storage tank of the above-mentioned type is equipped with 8 to 10 adapters that are used for connecting pipeline usually.Therefore, illustrated storage tank for example has 6 pipelines in WO 2009/063127A1, and said pipeline is connected on the storage tank through adapter from the feasibility reason.In reality, in the storage tank known, also need other pipeline by WO 2009/063127A1, be that said other pipeline is not illustrated.
In reality, in the storage tank of means of transportation especially boats and ships,, pipeline needs following pipeline or adapter on the storage tank for being connected.
Need first to take over or the pipeline in said first adapter to be connected, so that the means of transportation storage tank is filled.If in this means of transportation storage tank, have submersible pump, then need second adapter, another pipeline, so that this means of transportation storage tank is unloaded.The 3rd, need one to be used for the adapter of spray line, so that can suitably regulate the temperature of storage tank and with the boil-off gas condensation.Use the 4th adapter, so that can gas phase (material) be guided from storage tank.Be provided with other adapter for safety valve and for parameter such as pressure, temperature and material level are measured.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of improved, method and system of being used for storing at the storage tank of means of transportation especially boats and ships cryogenic liquid gas is provided.Term " storage " not only comprises " depositing in ", the i.e. meaning of " filling " at this, but also comprises the meaning that " accessing " promptly takes out, and comprises the meaning of " maintenance " or " containing ".
In order to realize said purpose,, come to fill this storage tank with liquid gas through with liquid gas, like the LNG heating and after heating, it is pumped in the storage tank of means of transportation.
" heating " refers to, and stored liquid gas just is not pumped into the means of transportation storage tank from storage tank, but the liquid gas that comes from storage tank is by heating initiatively and after heating, arrive in the means of transportation storage tank.When heat is supplied to the liquid gas that comes from storage tank with in check mode---for example through boil-off gas being mixed with liquid gas or utilizing heat exchanger heats through the liquid gas that will come from storage tank and arrive in the means of transportation storage tank by heat exchanger---time, there is the active heating on the meaning of the present invention.
Correspondingly, the present invention relates to a kind of method that is used for storing at the storage tank of means of transportation, especially boats and ships cryogenic liquid gas, this method has following steps: with liquid gas from a storage tank, especially from a fixed storage tank, take out; With the said liquid gas heating that is removed; Through coming to fill the storage tank of means of transportation in the storage tank that heated liquid gas is pumped into means of transportation with said liquid gas.
Typically, for example LNG is stored in the storage tank under less than-161 ℃ temperature, so that can under standard pressure, store LNG.For the same reason, the storage temperature of LNG in the boats and ships storage tank also is lower than-161 ℃ usually.Now, according to the present invention, through heating, in the much hot liquid gas arrived ship storage tank.The temperature of heated LNG can only be-140 ℃ to-150 ℃ after heating for example, rather than-163 ℃.
In order to implement said method, especially provide a kind of being used for that the storage tank of boats and ships is filled with LNG and/or the system of emptying, said system for example has the storage tank that is used to store LNG, and the design pressure of said storage tank is 5bar g (manometer pressure at least; With respect to atmospheric pressure), be preferably 10bar g at least, wherein, storage tank is provided with the inlet that is used for cryogenic liquid gas and is used for the outlet to storage tank unloading, wherein, said inlet comprises the device that is used to heat LNG.
Therefore the present invention also relates to a kind of be used to store be used for the especially system of the cryogenic liquid gas of boats and ships of means of transportation, said system has: the means of transportation storage tank that is used for storing liquid gas; Be used for from a storage tank, especially take out the inletting device of liquid gas from a fixed storage tank; Be used for device that the liquid gas of taking out is heated; And the filling device that is used for the means of transportation storage tank, said filling device has and is used for the pump of heated liquid gas pump to the means of transportation storage tank.The invention still further relates to a kind of the have means of transportation of this system, especially boats and ships.
Although because be heated but in the means of transportation storage tank, for example in the boats and ships storage tank, still have a liquid phase (material), so after filling, in the means of transportation storage tank, have overvoltage.According to the present invention, said overvoltage be make every effort to, this is because can under the situation that needn't use pump, from storage tank, take out fuel by means of said overvoltage.The temperature that is in the liquid gas in the means of transportation storage tank preferably is higher than the boiling temperature of liquid gas under the standard pressure.
Because overvoltage is provided immediately, so can be for example after filling that is for example being taken out liquid gas immediately after the boats and ships fueling, so that can supply combustion gas to drive unit thus.Therefore, for example boats and ships can continue its navigation after fueling, and needn't use pump for fueling.
In a kind of form of implementation of the present invention, liquid gas is heated up 10 ℃, at least so that reach the pressure store of expectation.Such temperature difference is normally essential in the means of transportation storage tank, obtaining sufficiently high pressure store immediately for said purpose; Useful is that liquid gas is heated up 15 ℃ at least.
In order can be immediately behind fueling for example from the boats and ships storage tank, to take out in order to drive the necessary enough fuel quantities of boats and ships, pressure store 3bar a (absolute pressure) at least preferably in a kind of like this boats and ships storage tank; Also can be to be higher than 5bar a or even the pressure of 8bar a valuably.Therefore, to liquid gas be heated to corresponding high temperature in advance.
In order to heat liquid gas, the gas that is in the boats and ships storage tank is for example added to during filling in the liquid gas that is directed in the boats and ships storage tank.Thus, not only heated this liquid gas, and simultaneously the gas that is in the boats and ships storage tank has been condensed.Gas preferably is supplied in the intake line, and liquid gas is pumped in the boats and ships storage tank through said intake line.Said supply is advantageously outside at the boats and ships storage tank, exactly especially in process space/process chamber, carry out.That is gas aspirates out and is pressed into such pipeline through second pipeline from the boats and ships storage tank: through this pipeline, liquid gas is pumped in the boats and ships storage tank.Gas from the boats and ships storage tank especially mixes by means of for example fixed mixer with liquid gas.Said mixer also is advantageously located in the process space.
Because the gas by means of being in the boats and ships storage tank for example possibly make liquid gas only heat up about 0.5 ℃ to 1 ℃; And heat up 0.5 ℃ to 1 ℃ possibly be not enough; So in a kind of preferred implementing form, heat liquid gas through heat exchanger at least with replenishing.From the cost reason, heat exchanger preferably also be arranged in the boats and ships storage tank outside, exactly especially be positioned at the process space.If liquid gas is pumped in the boats and ships storage tank, then said liquid gas at first arrives heat exchanger and from heat exchanger comes out the arrived ship storage tank.
Because in the means of transportation storage tank, should set up overvoltage, so by pump, exactly liquid gas is pumped in the said means of transportation storage tank by pressure greater than the pressure store in the storage tank.Therefore if the pressure store in the storage tank is 3bar a, then with liquid gas with greater than the pressure of 3bar a, for example send in the storage tank with the pressure pump of 4bar a.If the gas from the means of transportation storage tank is added in the liquid gas that is pumped in the means of transportation storage tank, then said gas is pressed in the liquid gas with the pressure greater than the fluid pressure of liquid gas to be heated.If the fluid pressure of liquid gas to be heated is 4bar a, then said gas pressure for example is 5bar a (absolute pressure).
Especially in order be especially apace to fill the boats and ships storage tank, preferably fill said boats and ships storage tank through intake line only with liquid gas.If filling/interpolation liquid gas, so then only need connect only a pipeline (charging line) and removal after filling, this has reduced the required time loss of fueling/filling.The speed that can be used for filling the means of transportation storage tank with the liquid gas only pressure that is pumped in the storage tank of cross section and the liquid gas through charging line limits.Therefore, can liquid gas be pumped in the storage tank with high speed, thus can be to the quick fueling of means of transportation.
Preferably open next means of transportation storage tank, especially take out liquid gas the boats and ships storage tank from the liquid gas place that warp heats through the valve that will take pipeline.Therefore, the overvoltage in the means of transportation storage tank is responsible for that pipeline extrudes and can it be supplied to the for example drive unit of boats and ships through taking with liquid from storage tank.Take pipeline and for example in boats and ships, preferably pass the bottom that boats and ships storage tank end face extends to the boats and ships storage tank always.If the risk that a pipeline passes the end face of storage tank and feeds in the storage tank, then such leakage (portion)---material in the storage tank can flow out through said leakage (portion) fully---therefore is reduced to minimum.If take the bottom that pipeline extends to the boats and ships storage tank always, then realize thus: in fact the material in the storage tank can be forced out through taking pipeline fully.
If for example in boats and ships, produce from taking the pipeline of storage tank pass-out and leak passing the storage tank end face, then can owing to the overvoltage that exists in the storage tank make fuel discharge and boats and ships impaired.But under the situation of leaking, the pressure that is present in the storage tank is comparable more quickly owing to the drainage of gas is reduced pressure, and thus, in emergency, have the following advantages with respect to the storage tank with bottom outlet at least: minimum at most amount is discharged from storage tank.In this way, can avoid the damage of material of boats and ships when producing leakage very reliably.In a kind of form of implementation of the present invention, will be used for making and take the valve that pipeline closes or open and be placed in pressurized container.This vital valve is adjacent with the means of transportation storage tank.Produce leakage if observe storage tank in said valve back/downstream (hinter), then close said valve immediately.After this no longer including liquid gas can arrive the pipeline of system and through leaking (portion) from storage tank and discharge.And if with the adjacent setting of storage tank and can be used for making taking to produce in the valve that pipeline opens or closes and leak, then do not exist to make and take pipeline and close and prevent that liquid gas from continuing the possibility of discharging.This difficulty solves through additional pressurized container, and said pressurized container makes this valve to external shield.But, leak if in this valve, produce, then take pipeline and can not close.But the liquid gas of discharging arrives in the pressurized container, so said pressurized container is responsible for making liquid gas can not damage for example boats and ships.
The valve of taking pipeline is advantageously located at means of transportation storage tank, the especially outside of boats and ships storage tank, exactly especially is arranged in the process space.
This is taken pipeline and compares with the pipeline that is used to fill the means of transportation storage tank and advantageously have small cross section.The big cross section that is used to fill the pipeline of storage tank advantageously allows the quick fueling of boats and ships.Because said taking with mode very slowly carried out, so for the pipeline of taking of lower cost for this reason, little cross section is just enough.
In a kind of form of implementation of the present invention, take pipeline and be arranged on the inside that is used for liquid gas for example is pumped into the pipeline of boats and ships storage tank.Thus, reduced the quantity that feeds the pipeline in the storage tank apart from each other.The risk of leaking is lowered further.But the two-tube end face that advantageously only extends to storage tank that so provides.Take the bottom that pipeline extends to storage tank always so still only have.
In a kind of form of implementation of the present invention, for example the boats and ships storage tank is provided with such pipeline: can take out gas from said boats and ships storage tank through this pipeline.Therefore, this pipeline preferably feeds the boats and ships storage tank from the top and does not continue in the storage tank.This pipeline is connected with heat exchanger and preferably also is connected with gas compressor, so that heating and pressurized gas, thereby said gas can be used for driving boats and ships.Therefore, said pipeline leads to drive unit in principle, so that for example can boil-off gas is used for driving.
If boil-off gas is used for driving, then at first come a given in advance pressure through the heating during fueling.When needed, said pressure is through regulating from the recirculation of the hot gas of system's gas compressor or through aspirating the gas that is used to burn.
Said process space is arranged on means of transportation storage tank, the especially outside of boats and ships storage tank.This process space especially has the groove basin of preferably being processed by the high-quality steel.Above-mentioned each device that preferably is arranged in the process space is arranged in groove basin or groove basin top.Leak if in said device, produce, the liquid gas of then discharging is thus collected by the groove basin and can not have been continued destruction.In addition, the process space can be opened wide, but also can be complete closed.
In a kind of form of implementation of the present invention.The means of transportation storage tank only comprises two pipelines, and these two pipelines are connected with said means of transportation storage tank.This makes that producing the risk of leaking (portion) reduces.Preferably these two pipelines are welded on the storage tank, this is few but can control based on the quantity of pipeline in reality.Further improve Security thus.
Additionally, in a kind of form of implementation of the present invention, the surrounding by collecting container of liquid line with the immediate valve of means of transportation storage tank, the design pressure of said collecting container is greater than the design pressure of corresponding storage tank.Thus, leak of liquid is dropped to minimum to the possibility in the process space consumingly.This valve is can be remote-operated in principle.
In a kind of form of implementation of the present invention, the pipeline that is connected with the means of transportation storage tank is equipped with packed stopper/cutoff device respectively, for example above-mentioned have a collecting container can remote-operated valve.Said pipeline becomes complete welding type together with the connecting end preferable configuration.That is to say, do not need adapter/pipe joint to come connecting pipeline.The Security of system is further improved.
From knowing reason, sum up preferred aspect of the present invention with the form of numbering once more below:
1. one kind is used for to the storage tank filling liquid gas of boats and ships and/or is used for taking out from said storage tank the method for liquid gas, and its mode is: be pumped in the boats and ships storage tank with the liquid gas heating and with heated liquid gas.
2. according to the method for form of implementation 1, wherein, storing liquid gas under standard pressure at first, the liquid gas that will under standard pressure, store is heated to a temperature, and this temperature is higher than the boiling temperature of liquid gas under the standard pressure.
3. according to the method for one of above-mentioned form of implementation, wherein, liquid gas is heated at least 10 ℃.
4. according to the method for one of above-mentioned form of implementation, wherein, the pressure store of the liquid gas in the boats and ships storage tank is 3bar a at least.
5. according to the method for one of above-mentioned form of implementation, wherein, the gas that is in the boats and ships storage tank through input heats liquid gas.
6. according to the method for one of above-mentioned form of implementation, wherein, liquid gas is heated in heat exchanger.
7. especially according to the method for one of above-mentioned form of implementation; Wherein, Open and make subsequently liquid gas owing to be present in overvoltage in the boats and ships storage tank and pass through and take pipeline and from the boats and ships storage tank, extrude through the valve that will take pipeline, will be in the liquid gas taking-up in the boats and ships storage tank.
8. according to the method for a last form of implementation, wherein, the liquid gas of being taken out is used for to the drive unit of boats and ships fuel being provided.
9. one kind is used for the storage tank of boats and ships is filled with LNG and/or the system of emptying; Said system has the storage tank that is used to store LNG; The design pressure of said storage tank is 5bar g at least, preferred 10bar g at least, and wherein, storage tank is provided with the inlet that is used for cryogenic liquid gas and is used to make the outlet of storage tank unloading; Wherein, said inlet comprises that one is used to heat the device of LNG.
10. according to the system of a last form of implementation, wherein, the said device that is used for heating LNG has heat exchanger and/or is used for the gas from storage tank is added to the device of the LNG that is pumped into storage tank.
11., have and be used for making the mixer that mixes mutually from the gas of storage tank and the LNG that waits to be pumped into storage tank according to the system of one of said system form of implementation.
12. according to the system of one of said system form of implementation, have the process space, the said device that is used for heating LNG is positioned at said process space.
13. the system according to one of said system form of implementation has pump, can LNG be pumped in the storage tank under the pressure of 4bar a at least, preferred 6bar a at least through said pump.
14. the system according to one of said system form of implementation has compressor, can be with being pumped among the LNG that waits to be pumped in the storage tank under the pressure of 3bar a, preferred 4bar a at least at least from the gas of storage tank through said compressor.
15., wherein, in storage tank, do not have pump according to the system of one of said system form of implementation.
16. according to the system of one of said system form of implementation, have the pipeline of taking of the outlet of being used as, saidly take the bottom that pipeline extends to storage tank always.
17. according to the system of one of said system form of implementation, have the vaporizer/vaporizer that especially is in the process space, this vaporizer is used for the liquid gas of taking out from storage tank.
18., have the device that is used for fuel is supplied to from storage tank ship propulsion system according to the system of one of said system form of implementation.
19. according to the system of one of said system form of implementation, wherein, on storage tank, be welded with, and be not provided with the storage tank adapter that is used to make the pipeline that surpasses two to be connected with storage tank up to two pipelines.
20. according to the system of one of said system form of implementation, have at least one pressurized container, said pressurized container jacket at least one be used to make at least one to take the valve that pipeline opens and closes.
21. boats and ships have the system according to one of said system form of implementation.
As stated, the present invention not only can be used for boats and ships, and the drive unit that to can be used for other removable system be means of transportation, for example is used for the drive unit of aircraft or ground vehicle.Replace the boats and ships storage tank, what relate to is the storage tank of aircraft for example.Generally be meant the means of transportation storage tank here.
Even always do not explain clearly, disclosed aspect not only relates to method but also relates to system in the above and in the explanation of back literary composition.In principle, each characteristic also can combine with the mode of combination shown in being different from and be essence of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Also to more describe the present invention in detail below, be not limited to these examples in this present invention by embodiment:
Fig. 1 illustrates according to a system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates according to another system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 illustrates flow chart according to the method for the invention.
Embodiment
The sectional view of three storage tanks 1 of boats and ships has been shown among Fig. 1, and said storage tank is determined and is used to hold fuel and is correspondingly laid and definite size.Storage tank 1 has the characteristic of the temperature that can bear-163 ℃ to 45 ℃.The design pressure of storage tank 1 is about or a little higher than 10bar g.Feeding in the end face of each storage tank 1 has a pipeline 2, but this pipeline does not extend in the storage tank.In addition, each storage tank 1 is equipped with a pipeline 3, and this pipeline passes corresponding storage tank end face and extends to corresponding tank bottom always.Each pipeline 3 is used for filling affiliated storage tank 1 with liquid gas.In addition, through this pipeline, liquid gas since be present in the storage tank, for example 3,5 or the overvoltage of 9bar a and from storage tank, extruded and further guided to the drive unit of boats and ships, the i.e. for example motor of boats and ships or turbo machine.Pipeline 3 can partly be configured to two-tube.Interior pipe through two-tube takes out liquid gas from storage tank.Through two-tube outer tube liquid gas is pumped in the corresponding storage tank.
System as shown in Figure 1 has connecting end 4, and when will be to the boats and ships fueling, liquid gas to be heated be directed in the said system through said connecting end.To in heat exchanger 5, heat through the liquid gas in the connecting end 4 arrival systems.Liquid gas also be directed through mixer 6 and in this mixer with from the mixed gases of storage tank 1.Heated liquid gas like this is pumped in the storage tank 1 through pipeline 3 subsequently.
In addition, being in boil-off gas in the storage tank is directed out from storage tank through pipeline 2 during fueling.The gas that is directed out is directed through over-heat-exchanger 7, so that can heat this gas when needed.Subsequently, this gas is directed in two compressors 8, and said compressor can compress gas with the mode of expectation.If use the compressor 8 of low-cost oil lubrication, then gas is directed through oil separator 9 subsequently.Here the oil that is separated can be drawn is back to compressor 8.Based on the reason of redundancy, be provided with two compressors, so that when a compressor failure, still can continue operation.
Subsequently, gas is directed in the surge volume 11 through supercooler 10.Cooler under the situation of needs with gas cooling to consuming the required temperature of device.If can not from storage tank 1, take out enough fuel (liquid gas or boil-off gas) in a short time, then surge volume 11 be used to replenish/remedy.
Come out from buffering volume 11, gas or continued to guide to the consumption device through pipeline 12, or be directed in the mixer 6 through pipeline 13.
Pipeline 13 can pass activated carbon filter 14, so that in advance the gas that is introduced in the liquid gas to be heated is purified.
System comprises the pump 15 that is connected on the pipeline 3, can be in case of emergency that storage tank 1 pump is empty through said pump.
In case of emergency can gas be discharged from system through pipeline 16.
If liquid gas is extruded from storage tank, then said liquid gas at first is directed in the vaporizer 17 and in this vaporizer and is vaporized.Come out from vaporizer 17, gas for example is directed in the heat exchanger 7, so that can provide gas tangentially to the consumption device.
Said pipeline is equipped with a plurality of valves 18, so that can use described mode to control the flow through pipeline to each device.
System disposition shown in Fig. 1 has load regulation bypass 19, can gas taken out after compressor 8 and carries to be back to gas is imported in the pipeline of said compressor through this load regulation bypass.Can pressure surge and the pressure replacement of not expecting rapidly be compensated through this load regulation bypass.
The device of the system shown in Fig. 1 is positioned at process space/process chamber 20 inside, and said process space is equipped with the collecting tank of being processed by the high-quality steel downwards.
Each pipeline that passes said space in the storage tank outside all has security risk.In form of implementation shown in Figure 1, only provide two and be welded to connect portion and two pipelines that feed process space 20 from each boats and ships storage tank 1 only.
Through boil-off gas is mixed with the gas of vaporization, can handle combustion gas with the mode of expectation, so that therefore for example realize the explosion-proof of expectation.
System as shown in Figure 1 can comprise one or more pressure regulators (PIC) and/or pressure controlled valve (PCV), so that can suitably regulate the pressure in the system.By means of temperature controller (TIC) can monitor and/or control system in pressure.When loading storage tank, at first temperature is regulated.
The measurement pipeline that feeds in the storage tank arrives in the storage tank through existing pipeline, exactly the pipeline 3 through being provided with for unloading especially.Realized very high safety standard thus.Correspondingly can save safety measure.
Can cancel the injection line that can be used for cooling off storage tank.On the one hand, will constantly fill cryogenic liquid gas according to routine originally to storage tank because otherwise boats and ships can not move owing to lack fuel; In addition, also be packed into the liquid gas of heat, this has reduced thermodynamic problems.Therefore, LNG is under the temperature of approximately-140 ℃ or approximately-145 ℃ or-150 ℃ and be not as common, under the temperature below-160 ℃, to be stored in the boats and ships storage tank.
Another form of implementation of the present invention has been shown among Fig. 2.With according to the form of implementation of Fig. 1 different be, can surround by measuring body container 21 by remote-operated valve, through this valve the pipeline of taking of storage tank is closed, and said valve is arranged near the corresponding storage tank.Leak if in said valve, produce, then liquid gas arrives in the said compression resistanted container, has avoided further infringement thus.Liquid gas can suitably be continued the pipeline of the system of guiding to through pipeline 22 from measuring body container 21.Therefore, the form of implementation shown in Fig. 2 is ultra-safe.
In addition, the form of implementation shown in Fig. 2 also comprises level gauging device 23.Therefore though have the 3rd joint that feeds in the storage tank, because the 3rd joint is not connected with the pipeline of outside, so the 3rd joint does not have problems and can not hinder the structure of system basically.The bin level indicator of level gauging device is in the process space.But also can said bin level indicator be placed in the independent container.This is equally applicable to be arranged in other device in the process space 20.
Through the present invention, can desired gas flow be provided immediately through the pressure that reduces in the boats and ships storage tank 1, this is because the overvoltage that exists in the storage tank is necessary for the liquefaction of gas.
If the pressure store in the boats and ships storage tank greater than consuming the required pressure of device, does not then need gas compressor to provide and consumes the required gas pressure of device.Therefore it is just enough to have a reduction valve, and through said reduction valve, gas pressure can suitably be lowered under the situation of needs.If for example the pressure store in the storage tank is that 6bar a consumes the gas pressure that device needs 5bar a, then there is sufficiently high pressure difference so that the gas pressure in the storage tank descends, thereby provides gas for use fast, fully.Compressor that need not add on the other hand, or gas compressor with gas compression to consuming the required pressure of device.
Can completely cut off boats and ships storage tank 1 by barrier material or through vacuum.Do not use to be arranged in the pump of storage tank, because do not need this pump.
System according to the present invention is a robust/solid and not too responsive to disturbing.Therefore wearing part is positioned at the outside of storage tank, is easy to touch and needn't checks storage tank.
Fig. 3 shows the flow chart of key step according to the method for the invention.At first take out LNG (step 31) from the fixed storage tank that is arranged in the land.Before after taking out and in the storage tank that liquid gas is pumped into boats and ships, heat liquid gas (step 32) by heat exchanger.After heating, this liquid gas is pumped in the storage tank of boats and ships, supply drive unit to use (step 33) to act as a fuel.

Claims (22)

1. method that is used for storing at the storage tank (1) of means of transportation, especially boats and ships cryogenic liquid gas has following steps:
From a storage tank, especially from a fixed storage tank, take out liquid gas;
Liquid gas to being taken out heats;
Through coming to fill the said storage tank (1) of said means of transportation in the storage tank (1) that heated liquid gas is pumped into said means of transportation with said liquid gas.
2. method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; At first said liquid gas is stored in the storage tank under standard pressure; The liquid gas that will under standard pressure, store then is heated to a temperature before being packed into the storage tank of said means of transportation (1), and this temperature is higher than the boiling temperature of said liquid gas under standard pressure.
3. according to one of aforesaid right requirement described method, it is characterized in that, said liquid gas is heated up 10 ℃ at least.
4. one of require described method according to aforesaid right, it is characterized in that, make the pressure store of said liquid gas in the storage tank (1) of said means of transportation be 3bar a at least.
5. according to one of aforesaid right requirement described method; It is characterized in that; This method comprises the steps: the gas from the storage tank (1) of said means of transportation is inputed in the liquid gas of going in the said means of transportation storage tank (1) to be filled, thereby through the said gas that is transfused to said liquid gas of going in the said means of transportation storage tank (1) to be filled is heated.
6. according to one of aforesaid right requirement described method, it is characterized in that, said liquid gas is heated in heat exchanger (5,7).
7. according to one of aforesaid right requirement described method, it is characterized in that, make in said means of transportation storage tank (1) to have overvoltage; Open and make subsequently liquid gas owing to be present in overvoltage in the said means of transportation storage tank (1) and pass through the said pipeline (3) of taking and from said means of transportation storage tank (1), be forced out through the valve that will take pipeline (3), will be in the liquid gas taking-up in the said means of transportation storage tank (1).
8. according to the described method of a last claim, it is characterized in that, will be used for drive unit fuel supplying from the liquid gas that said means of transportation storage tank (1) takes out to said means of transportation.
One kind be used to store be used for means of transportation, in particular for the system of the cryogenic liquid gas of boats and ships, said system has:
Means of transportation storage tank (1), said means of transportation storage tank is used for storing liquid gas;
Inletting device (4), said inletting device are used for from a storage tank, especially take out said liquid gas from a fixed storage tank;
Be used for device (5,6,7) that the liquid gas of being taken out is heated; And
The filling device that is used for the storage tank (1) of said means of transportation, said filling device have the pump that is used for heated liquid gas is pumped into the storage tank (1) of said means of transportation.
10. system according to claim 9; It is characterized in that; Said means of transportation storage tank (1) has 5bar g, the preferred design pressure of 10bar g at least at least; And said means of transportation storage tank has the inlet (4) of the liquid gas that is used to fill said means of transportation storage tank (1) and is used for the outlet of the said means of transportation storage tank of emptying (1), and wherein, said inlet (4) has the device (5,6) that is used to heat liquid gas.
11. according to claim 9 or 10 described systems; It is characterized in that the said device (5,6) that is used for heating liquid gas has heat exchanger (5) and/or is used for the gas from said means of transportation storage tank (1) is added into the device (6) of the liquid gas that is pumped into said storage tank.
12., it is characterized in that this system has and is used for the mixer (6) that mixes with the liquid gas of waiting to be pumped into said means of transportation storage tank (1) from the gas of said means of transportation storage tank (1) according to the described system of one of said system claim.
13., it is characterized in that this system has process space (20) according to the described system of one of said system claim, the said device (5,6,7) that is used for heating liquid gas is positioned at said process space.
14., it is characterized in that this system has a pump according to the described system of one of said system claim, can be through said pump with said liquid gas so that 4bar a, the preferred pressure pump of 6bar a are at least sent in the said means of transportation storage tank (1) at least.
15. according to the described system of one of said system claim; It is characterized in that; This system has compressor (8), will be from the gas of said means of transportation storage tank (1) so that 3bar a, the preferred pressure pump of 4bar a are at least sent into and waited to be pumped in the liquid gas in the said means of transportation storage tank (1) at least through said compression function.
16., it is characterized in that the inside of said means of transportation storage tank (1) does not have pump-unit according to the described system of one of said system claim.
17., it is characterized in that what this system had the outlet of being used as takes pipeline (3) according to the described system of one of said system claim, saidly take the bottom that pipeline extends to said storage tank (1) always.
18., it is characterized in that this system has the vaporizer (17) that is used for from the liquid gas of said means of transportation storage tank (1) according to the described system of one of said system claim.
19., it is characterized in that this system has the device that is used for fuel is supplied to from said means of transportation storage tank (1) ship propulsion system according to the described system of one of said system claim.
20. according to the described system of one of said system claim; It is characterized in that, on said means of transportation storage tank (1), be welded with two pipelines (2,3) at the most and be not provided with the storage tank that the pipeline (2,3) that is used to make more than two is connected with said storage tank (1) and take over.
21., it is characterized in that this system has at least one pressurized container (21) according to the described system of one of said system claim, said pressurized container jacket at least one be used to make at least one to take the valve (18) that pipeline (3) opens and closes.
22. boats and ships have according to the described system of one of said system claim.
CN2010800327013A 2009-07-30 2010-07-29 Cumbustion-gas system, in particular for cargo vessels Pending CN102472430A (en)

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DE102009028109.6 2009-07-30
DE102009028109A DE102009028109A1 (en) 2009-07-30 2009-07-30 Fuel gas system for merchant ships
PCT/EP2010/004652 WO2011012307A1 (en) 2009-07-30 2010-07-29 Combustion-gas system, in particular for cargo vessels

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EP2459922B1 (en) 2013-12-11
DE102009028109A1 (en) 2011-02-03

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