CN102450208A - Field management method for nectarine planting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a field management method for nectarine planting, and belongs to fruit planting technique. The field management method comprises the steps of: fertilizer and water management, pruning in growth season, tip control and flower promotion, flower thinning and fruit thinning and disease, insect and pest control. In fertilizer and water management, in-time additional fertilizing and watering are carried out according to fertilizer requirement characteristics of nectarine in each growth season, nitrogen is mainly supplemented in early stage, and phosphorus and potassium are mainly supplemented in late stage; during pruning in the growth season, reasonable pruning is carried out to culture high-yield tree shape; in the tip control and flower promotion, nutrients are inhibited to promote flower bud differentiation, control new shoot growth, promote flowering, save nutrients and improve percentage of fertile fruit; and in flower thinning and fruit thinning, most of flower buds on slim and fragile branches, excess double flower buds on long and medium fruit branches and hypogenetic buds flowering late are thinned when the flower buds are plentiful. The field management method has the beneficial effects that: management is easy, nectarine has high yield and early matures, and the nectarine quality and yield are high.

Description

The field management method of nectarine plantation

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fruit planting technology, specifically is a kind of field management method of nectarine plantation.

Background technology

Nectarine is the mutation of common peach, is a kind of early-maturing variety.Nectarine is nutritious, contains sugar 13%, organic acid 1.5%, pectin 1% protein 1.1%, and per 100 gram pulp contain 12 milligrams of vitamin Cs, 40 milligrams in phosphorus, 12 milligrams of calcium, 0.8 milligram of iron, 14.5 milligrams in magnesium.Contain amino acids that 17 kinds of needed by human body want, carotin etc. in addition.Nectarine nourishing the stomach ease constipation, main is also to enrich blood. it is also high to contain sugar part. and all good to child adult.Therefore cultivated area is big.But cause because of field management is bad sometimes and yield poorly poor quality.Still the field management method that does not have at present standard.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of field management method of nectarine plantation.High yield premature labor, the price that can realize nectarine is excellent, the nectarine of production high benefit.

The present invention realizes with following technical scheme: 1, a kind of field management method of nectarine plantation, it is characterized in that, specific as follows:

1) rich water quality management, preceding short back control: in time topdress according to the nutrient uptake feature of each growth-gen marquis phase of nectarine and to water, be main with nitrogen early stage, and the later stage is main with phosphorus, potassium, impels tree crown to grow fast; Bloom preceding, young fruit period, fruit expanding period to foliage-spray " the strong base of a fruit spirit of melon and fruit "+0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate nectarine, and per 10 days once, improves percentage of fertile fruit; In 9-10 month, the chicken manure 5-10kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed is executed in every strain, adds potassium sulphate fertilizer 0.2kg, pours water subsequently.

2) growth season prunes: nectarine tree body apical dominance is more intense, and branch is many, newly grows slightly soon, and bud is easy to be formed, and must do sth. in advance cultivation and get bumper crops tree-like; After the nectarine field planting, at 2 years rapid tree crowns that enlarge; Fruit bearing shoot prune desirable when the low branch of, fruit-setting rate and upward life or childhood tree long the staying of long shoot all one's life; Branch that the one-tenth principal stresses is weak, fruit-setting rate is high and withe, descending branch transient stay; Growth potential is strong in the tree a little less than the growth potential, and each fruit branch stays 1-3 bud more, and the fruit spur of weak tree does not generally stay flower; The wound that causes during pruning is smeared sterilizing with " callus corrosion prevention film ", prevents and treats dry and cracked;

3) controlling the treetops and hastening blossom: the nectarine tree vigo(u)r is more prosperous, and branch overgrows easily, therefore will suppress nutrition, promotes flower bud differentiation; Prick two rounds aspire to the tender skin of trunk or major branch bottom place with awl week in the nectarine dormancy, then with hairbrush ring brush " short flower king No. 1 ", the control shoot growth, short flower is practiced thrift nutrition, improves percentage of fertile fruit;

4) flower thinning vegetables and fruits: in the bud amount for a long time, dredge the most of bud and the unnecessary honeysuckle bud and the flower bud that blooms hypogenetic evening of long medium fruit branch that remove on the thin and delicate branch; Fruit thinning is mainly dredged and is removed and give birth to fruit for the first time, malformed fruit, fruitlet and base portion fruit, tip fruit etc.The generally long fruit skill of fruit thinning is stayed 2--3 fruit for the second time, and medium fruit branch stays 1--2 fruit, and fruit spur stays 1 fruit, and leaf-fruit ratio was not less than 50: 1, and the fruit spacing is not less than 20 centimetres;

5) extermination of disease and insect pest: disease mainly contains bacillary shothole disease, foxiness shothole disease etc., and with " new high fat film "+800 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, 500 times of liquid sprays of 65% Zineb wettable powder cloth; Insect pest mainly contains aphid, two spotted spider mite etc., and the clean 3000 times of liquid of available 10% aphid lice are sprayed.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: method manageability of the present invention, high yield premature labor, nectarine quality and output are high.

Embodiment

Embodiment further specifies its method below in conjunction with plantation.

1, rich water quality management, preceding short back control: in time topdress according to the nutrient uptake feature of each growth-gen marquis phase of nectarine and to water, be main with nitrogen early stage, and the later stage is main with phosphorus, potassium.From the seedling planting to the early June, strengthen rich water quality management, impel tree crown to grow fast.After mid-June, strict control rich water.Bloom preceding, young fruit period, fruit expanding period to foliage-spray " the strong base of a fruit spirit of melon and fruit "+0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate nectarine, and per 10 days once, helps to alleviate shoot growth and bear fruit to the competition of nutrient, improves percentage of fertile fruit.In 9-10 month, the chicken manure 5-10kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed is executed in every strain, adds potassium sulphate fertilizer 0.2kg, pours water subsequently.

2, growth season prunes: nectarine tree body apical dominance is more intense, and branch is many, and newly growth is fast slightly, and bud is prone to form, cultivate ahead of time high yield tree-like excellent be important.After the nectarine field planting, at 2 years to promote to be grown to the master, in the hope of enlarging tree crown rapidly.Whether proper tree vigo(u)r and the output of directly affecting that fruit bearing shoot is pruned, generally become principal stresses is strong, fruit-setting rate is low branch and upward life or childhood tree long shoot all one's life should grow and stay; Become branch and withe, the descending branch that principal stresses is weak, fruit-setting rate is high to answer transient stay; Growth potential is strong in the tree a little less than the growth potential, and each fruit branch stays 1-3 bud more, and the fruit spur of weak tree does not generally stay flower.The wound that causes during pruning is smeared sterilizing with " callus corrosion prevention film ", prevents and treats dry and cracked.

3, controlling the treetops and hastening blossom: the nectarine tree vigo(u)r is more prosperous, and branch overgrows easily, therefore will suppress to nourish and grow, and promotes flower bud differentiation.Prick two rounds aspire to the tender skin of trunk or major branch bottom place with awl week in the nectarine dormancy, with hairbrush ring brush " short flower king No. 1 ", control shoot growth effectively then, short flower is practiced thrift nutrition, improves percentage of fertile fruit.

4, flower thinning vegetables and fruits: in the bud amount for a long time, can dredge the most of bud that removes on the thin and delicate branch and stay the flower bud that blooms in longer and unnecessary honeysuckle bud and hypogenetic evening because of cutting with long medium fruit branch.Fruit thinning carried out in mid-May for the first time, and fruit is removed and given birth to main dredging, malformed fruit, fruitlet and base portion fruit, tip fruit etc.Fruit thinning carried out in the first tenday period of a month in late April to May for the second time, and general long fruit skill is stayed 2--3 fruit, and medium fruit branch stays 1--2 fruit, and fruit spur stays 1 fruit, and leaf-fruit ratio was not less than 50: 1, and the fruit spacing is not less than 20 centimetres.

5, the extermination of disease and insect pest: disease mainly contains bacillary shothole disease, foxiness shothole disease etc., and with " new high fat film "+800 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, 500 times of liquid sprays of 65% Zineb wettable powder cloth.Insect pest mainly contains aphid, two spotted spider mite etc., the clean 3000 times of liquid of available 10% aphid lice.

Claims (1)

1. the field management method of a nectarine plantation is characterized in that, and is specific as follows:

1) rich water quality management, preceding short back control: in time topdress according to the nutrient uptake feature of each growth-gen marquis phase of nectarine and to water, be main with nitrogen early stage, and the later stage is main with phosphorus, potassium, impels tree crown to grow fast; Bloom preceding, young fruit period, fruit expanding period to foliage-spray " the strong base of a fruit spirit of melon and fruit "+0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate nectarine, and per 10 days once, improves percentage of fertile fruit; In 9-10 month, the chicken manure 5-10kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed is executed in every strain, adds potassium sulphate fertilizer 0.2kg, pours water subsequently.

2) growth season prunes: nectarine tree body apical dominance is more intense, and branch is many, newly grows slightly soon, and bud is easy to be formed, and must do sth. in advance cultivation and get bumper crops tree-like; After the nectarine field planting, at 2 years rapid tree crowns that enlarge; Fruit bearing shoot prune desirable when the low branch of, fruit-setting rate and upward life or childhood tree long the staying of long shoot all one's life; Branch that the one-tenth principal stresses is weak, fruit-setting rate is high and withe, descending branch transient stay; Growth potential is strong in the tree a little less than the growth potential, and each fruit branch stays 1-3 bud more, and the fruit spur of weak tree does not generally stay flower; The wound that causes during pruning is smeared sterilizing with " callus corrosion prevention film ", prevents and treats dry and cracked;

3) controlling the treetops and hastening blossom: the nectarine tree vigo(u)r is more prosperous, and branch overgrows easily, therefore will suppress nutrition, promotes flower bud differentiation; Prick two rounds aspire to the tender skin of trunk or major branch bottom place with awl week in the nectarine dormancy, then with hairbrush ring brush " short flower king No. 1 ", the control shoot growth, short flower is practiced thrift nutrition, improves percentage of fertile fruit;

4) flower thinning vegetables and fruits: in the bud amount for a long time, dredge the most of bud and the unnecessary honeysuckle bud and the flower bud that blooms hypogenetic evening of long medium fruit branch that remove on the thin and delicate branch; Fruit thinning is mainly dredged and is removed and give birth to fruit for the first time, malformed fruit, fruitlet and base portion fruit, tip fruit etc.The generally long fruit skill of fruit thinning is stayed 2--3 fruit for the second time, and medium fruit branch stays 1--2 fruit, and fruit spur stays 1 fruit, and leaf-fruit ratio was not less than 50: 1, and the fruit spacing is not less than 20 centimetres;

5) extermination of disease and insect pest: disease mainly contains bacillary shothole disease, foxiness shothole disease etc., and with " new high fat film "+800 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder, 500 times of liquid sprays of 65% Zineb wettable powder cloth; Insect pest mainly contains aphid, two spotted spider mite etc., and the clean 3000 times of liquid of available 10% aphid lice are sprayed.