CN102442664A - Production method for bamboo electric double layer capacitor electrode active carbon - Google Patents
Production method for bamboo electric double layer capacitor electrode active carbon Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a production method for bamboo electric double layer capacitor electrode active carbon. According to the method, bamboo knots, bamboo chips and other materials are subjected to processes of crushing (the particle size is 5-10 mm), drying, dry distillation and carbonization (the temperature is 350-500 DEG C), grinding ( the particle size is less than 0.1 mm), blending (the ratio of the carbon to the alkali is 1:3-5), activation (the temperature is 650-800 DEG C), alkali recovering, pickling, cleaning, drying and the like to prepare an intermediate product; the intermediate product is subjected to secondary activation (the processes from the blending to the drying are repeated) to produce the bamboo electric double layer capacitor electrode active carbon. With the method of the present invention, the offcuts from processing of the resource-rich bamboo products are adopted, the conventional, environmentally-friendly and inexpensive NaOH is adopted as the activator, and the mature production process is adopted, such that the production rate and the product quality are increased, the production cost is decreased, the product competitiveness is improved, and the environmental pollution is reduced. In addition, bamboo electric double layer capacitor electrode active carbon product of the present invention has advantages of high specific surface area, developed mesoporous, strong adsorption capacity, low ash and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac, this method belongs to Activated Carbon Production field in the chemical industry.
Background technology
Ultracapacitor (Supercapacitors or Ultracapacitors) is electric chemical super capacitor (Electrochemical Supercapacitors; ES) or electrochemical capacitor (Electrochemical Capacitors; EC) abbreviation is the one type of novel energy-storing device that develops rapidly in 20 end of the centurys.Ultracapacitor is that a kind of new electric energy between battery and traditional capacitor stores and transfer equipment; The energy density of ultracapacitor is hundreds of times of traditional capacitor; Power density exceeds battery two one magnitude, has remedied well that the power of battery is low, high rate during charging-discharging difference and the little shortcoming of traditional capacitor energy density.In addition; Ultracapacitor has the thermal adaptation wide ranges, have extended cycle life (greater than 100,000 times), the speed that discharges and recharges fast (several milliseconds), cycle efficiency high (greater than 99%), good characteristic such as pollution-free; Can be widely used in important fields such as energy-conservation, new forms of energy, military project, electronics and industry, promise to be novel green energy resource of 21 century.
Ultracapacitor can be divided three classes by energy storage mechanism: 1. adopt RuO
2The electrical condenser of doing electrode Deng metal oxide containing precious metals is the redox reaction that takes place in mutually at oxide electrode surface and body and the adsorption capacitance that produces, and this electric capacity is called as pseudo capacitance; 2. adopt the electrical condenser of active carbon with high specific surface area to be based on the electric double layer capacitance that carbon dioxide process carbon electrode/the electrolyte interface chargeseparated is produced; 3. adopt different electrode materialss to do the two poles of the earth of electrical condenser respectively, make prepared electrical condenser have electric double layer capacitance and pseudo capacitance simultaneously, promptly so-called mixing electric capacity.
Electrochemical capacitance static desalination technology is to utilize the electric capacity electric desalting (this technological core component is a kind of formula electrical condenser (Flow-through capacitor that flows through for Capacitive deionization, a CDI) sea water desaltination new technology developing of principle; FTC), FTC utilizes the electro-conductive material of high surface area as electrode, when with low voltage and direct current FTC being charged; Apply electric field at the electrode two ends, make and to flow through between electrode that the positive and negative ion of salinity moves to opposite electrically direction separately in the seawater, and be adsorbed on electrode surface and form electrostatic double layer; The concentration of seawater salt reduces between electrode, and the water of less salt can flow, and obtains fresh water through the outflow of fresh water pipeline; Ion in the electrostatic double layer can not move because of absorption; This process is called " charging enrichment ", and store certain energy because of charging this moment.Electric field between the discharge rear electrode disappears, and the positive and negative ion desorb that is attracted to the salinity of electrode surface is got back in the interelectrode seawater, and the concentration of seawater salt increases, and gets rid of concentrated seawater through dense waterpipe, and this process is called " discharge desorb ".
FTC is carried out round-robin discharge and recharge operation, the desalination that just can realize seawater is with concentrated, and the seawater of desalination just can be used for industrial and agricultural production and daily life use through further purification, and spissated seawater also can further extract sea salt.
The performance of double layer capacitor determines that by electrode materials and electrolytic solution two key factors the performance of electrostatic double layer FTC is also determined by electrode materials.This shows that the research of electrostatic double layer class capacitor electrode material and ME also just become the emphasis of electrostatic double layer class electrical condenser research.
At present, the electrode materials of various ultracapacitors can be divided into: several big type of raw material of wood-charcoal material, transition metal oxide and organic polymer etc.In these electrode materialss, the research of raw material of wood-charcoal material starts to walk the earliest, technology is also the most ripe, and the raw material of wood-charcoal material mainly contains: gac, NACF, carbon aerogels and CNT etc.Research focus on how improving the ratio electric capacity of raw material of wood-charcoal material at double layer capacitor; The raising of specific capacity of double-layer capacitor must increase the effective ratio area of electrode materials, also will help contacting and the turnover of electrolytic solution in the electrode materials duct of electrolytic solution and electrode surface.
The gac raw material sources are abundant, cheap, but with " carbonized material " that the direct low-temperature carbonizations of material such as timber, coconut husk, bamboo bits go out, can only satisfy the request for utilization of low end subscriber; Adopt the performance of the gac of chemical method production but to be able to improve greatly, the utilization acvator improves the performance of gac in the chemical method production, and acvator commonly used has: metal chloride (as: zinc chloride ZnCl
2, calcium chloride CaCl
2, magnesium chloride Mg Cl
2, sodium chloride nacl etc.), phosphoric acid H
3PO
4And caustic alkali (as: Pottasium Hydroxide KOH, sodium hydroxide NaOH etc.) etc.
Is the Gas Phase Adsorption granular active carbon of acvator preparation with the lignocellulose raw material with zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, specific surface area 800-1,200m
2/ g, methylene blue decolorizing ability 10-15mL, caramel decolorizing ability 80%-120%, ash oontent 2%-12% is mainly as discoloring agent.
But in the use of gasoline and organic solvent recovery, natural gas storage, electrode of super capacitor and support of the catalyst, the quality of common gac and result of use all are difficult to satisfactory.
With Pottasium Hydroxide/sodium is the high-specific surface area powdered carbon of acvator preparation, and its quality and performance all are greatly increased, and specific surface area is up to 2,500-3,200m
2/ g, total pore volume can reach 1.50-1.77cm
3/ g, the gac that this method is produced is main with micropore (below the 2nm), mesopore (2-50nm) and macropore (more than the 50nm) are less relatively, when having increased adsorptive power, have also increased the difficulty of desorb, are unfavorable for the turnover of electrolyte ion in the electrode materials duct.
Jiang Qi etc. " the gac re-activation is to the influence of its electrochemistry capacitance " adopt KOH as the secondary promoting agent, gac is carried out the secondary chemical activation handle, and obtain the re-activation gac.Be assembled into electric chemical super capacitor (employing organic electrolyte) after the processing respectively, test result shows that the electrochemistry capacitance of re-activation absorbent charcoal material reaches 145.0F/g, and the capacity of former absorbent charcoal material is merely 45.0F/g, has improved more than 3 times.Further result of study shows, it is the middle pore distribution of 2-3nm in the aperture that the re-activation processing has increased absorbent charcoal material greatly, thereby confirms that electrode materials is significant to the raising of its electrochemistry capacitance at the mesopore of 2-3nm for organic electrolyte.
The forest reserves of China are originally very deficient; Overcut in addition; Supply falls short of demand already for the output of timber, can not meet the needs of production far away with the wood working gac, and be that the gac of raw material production can remedy this demand with coconut husk, rice husk, vinasse slag, bamboo etc.Bamboo has aboundresources, reproducible characteristics in the south of China because of LP weak point, reproduction speed soon, and bamboo carbon content, quality are loosened thereby be the quality matetrial of preparation gac in addition.Also to have good conductivity, pore structure, sulphur content and a ash content of coal extremely low because of it for activated carbon from bamboo, is the preferred material of electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors.
The patent No. is 200610034388.2 patent of invention, has introduced " a kind of preparation method of high superficial area bamboo active carbon ", and this method is broken to the 20-40 order with bamboo powder; Under nitrogen protection behind the dry distillation charring with KOH according to 1: the ratio uniform mixing of 4.5-7 through 600-880 ℃ of activation 2-5h, is cooled to 20-30 ℃ under nitrogen protection; Activated material is washed with distillation earlier; Reclaim residual KOH, use pickling and alkali cleaning more repeatedly, use zero(ppm) water to be washed till the pH value afterwards and be 6-7; Dry 10-15h under 100-150 ℃ makes bamboo absorbent charcoal again.Characteristics such as this invention adopts high, the resourceful bamboo bits of carbon content to be raw material, and the bamboo absorbent charcoal of producing has specific surface area height, high adsorption capacity, iodine sorption value is high, ash is low can be used as the electrode materials of electrostatic double layer class electrical condenser etc.
The patent No. is 200710012305.4 patent of invention, has introduced a kind of " with the capacitor special-purpose activated charcoal and the method for bamboo making ", and this method is to be raw material with the bamboo,, handles 1-2 hour in 400-550 ℃ of charing to 5-10MM through the screening cross cut saw; With carbonized material and sodium hydroxide and Pottasium Hydroxide by 1: 1.0-2.0: the 0.5-1.3 weight proportion mixed, in 700-800 ℃ of activation treatment 2-3 hour; With cooling off in the activation material adding water, leach the material washing and add the acid neutralization, the water lotion pH value can obtain finished product to 6-7 after the oven dry.Utilize the gac of this method preparation, specific surface area is big, and adsorptive power is good, and void distribution is reasonable, and comprehensive physical and chemical index is superior to present world like product, the most suitable making that is applied to electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors of this product.
The content of invention
The working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac of the present invention; Utilize resourceful bamboo product processing fent; Select for use routine, environmental protection, cheap NaOH as acvator, adopted simple, sophisticated production technique to produce bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors activated carbon product.
The Act first bamboo, bamboo shavings materials such as crushed as particles → drying → under low temperature conditions under nitrogen carbonization → milling → carbonized material carbonized material blended with NaOH under nitrogen grinding → activation → activation temperature cleaning materials recycling alkali (NaOH) solution → dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) and the remnants of the cleaning repeatedly washed with distilled water NaOH → → → low temperature drying to obtain an intermediate product (microporous activated carbon) → intermediate product blended with NaOH under nitrogen grinding → high temperature activation → activation material washing recycling alkali (NaOH) solution → dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) and cleaning residual NaOH → distilled water repeatedly washing → drying → bamboo cryogenic electric double layer capacitor electrode type activated carbon products.
Obtained intermediate product be a kind of be activated carbon from bamboo main, that have high-specific surface area with the micropore, this activated carbon from bamboo can directly be widely used in production fields such as waste gas, waste water, chemical industry, petrochemical complex as sorbing material.
This intermediate product (micropore gac) is carried out re-activation (repeat blending to drying process), just produce mesopore prosperity, bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors activated carbon product that specific surface area is high.
In sum; The working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac of the present invention; This method is utilized resourceful bamboo product processing fent, has selected for use conventional, environmental protection, inexpensive NaOH as acvator, adopts simple, sophisticated production technique; Not only improved productivity widely, the quality of product is also improved significantly; Also reduce environmental pollution effectively when having reduced products production cost (lifting product competitiveness), met the industry policy of Sustainable development.Advantages such as this bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors activated carbon product has high-specific surface area, mesopore is flourishing, ash is low, conductivity excellence.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further explain.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1; The working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac of the present invention; The working method that become electrode activity charcoal of one cover with the processing of materials such as ring, bamboo bits arranged, and comprising: technologies such as pulverizing, oven dry, dry distillation charring, abrasive dust, blending, activation, alkali recovery, pickling, cleaning and drying make intermediate product; Again intermediate product is carried out re-activation (repeating blending to exsiccant technology), produce bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors activated carbon product.
This method is crushed to materials such as ring, bamboo bits the particle of 5-10mm earlier, is beneficial to homogeneity, the minimizing process period of oven dry and the processing of dry distillation charring; Then under 80-120 ℃ of condition, dry, drying time 1-2h reduces to the water ratio of material below 5%; Under nitrogen protection, be heated to 350-500 ℃ then material carried out dry distillation charring, dry distillation charring time 1-2h; After carbonized material was cooled to 20-30 ℃, abrasive dust was to particle＜0.1mm (with the screening of the sieve more than 150 orders); Again with carbonized material and NaOH according to 1: the even blending of ratio, the powerful grinding of 3-5 (charcoal alkali than); Under nitrogen protection, be heated to 600-800 ℃ blend composition carried out activation, soak time 2-3h; Repeatedly clean with zero(ppm) water after activated material is cooled to 20-30 ℃, reclaim alkali (NaOH) liquid of different concns, till concentration of lye＜1%; Use Hydrogen chloride (HCl) to clean again with the remaining NaOH that neutralizes; Till using pH value that zero(ppm) water cleans activated material to water outlet repeatedly as 6-7 at last; Under 0-150 ℃ of condition, activated material is carried out drying, time of drying, 1-2h made intermediate product, this intermediate product be a kind of with micropore (＜2nm) be the master, have high-specific surface area (1,600-3,200m
2/ g) activated carbon from bamboo, this activated carbon from bamboo can directly be widely used in production fields such as waste gas, waste water, chemical industry, petrochemical complex as sorbing material.Then intermediate product is carried out re-activation (repeating blending to drying process), just produce the bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors activated carbon product that mesopore (2-5nm) is flourishing, specific surface area is high.
Claims (10)
1. the working method of a bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac; Comprise material warps such as ring, bamboo bits: technologies such as pulverizing, oven dry, dry distillation charring, abrasive dust, blending, activation, alkali recovery, pickling, cleaning and drying; Make intermediate product; Again intermediate product is carried out re-activation (repeating blending to exsiccant technology), final production goes out the method for bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors activated carbon product.
2. the working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described disintegrating process is crushed to the particle of 5-10mm with ring/materials such as bits.
3. the working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stoving process, dry drying time 1-2h at 80-120 ℃.
4. the working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described dry distillation charring technology is heated to 350-500 ℃ and carries out dry distillation charring, dry distillation charring time 1-2h under nitrogen protection.
5. the working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described milling process, with the carbonized material abrasive dust to particle＜0.1mm (with the sieve more than 150 orders screening).
6. the working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described kneading technology, with carbonized material and NaOH according to 1: the ratio uniform mixing of 3-5, the powerful grinding.
7. the working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described activating process is heated to 600-800 ℃ and carries out activation, soak time 2-3h under nitrogen protection.
8. the working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described acid cleaning process, adopt hydrochloric acid HCl to clean with the remaining NaOH that neutralizes.
9. the working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cleaning, the pH value of using zero(ppm) water to clean activated material to water outlet repeatedly is 6-7.
10. the working method of bamboo matter electrostatic double layer class electrode for capacitors gac according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described drying process, 100-150 ℃ time of drying 1-2h.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104766726A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-08 | 上海博暄能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method for supercapacitor electrode material and electrode material prepared through same |
| CN106145110A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-23 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of activated carbon two step process for preparing activated and the application in ultracapacitor thereof |
| CN108862278A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-23 | 木林森活性炭江苏有限公司 | A kind of production method of drinks special-purpose activated charcoal |
| CN109231204A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of method of biomass substep activation preparation porous charcoal |
| CN111099587A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Preparation method of bamboo leaf-based carbon material with high specific surface area |
| CN111977650A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-24 | 陕西中医药大学 | Super-capacitor carbon prepared by utilizing apple pruned waste branches and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113277508A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 福建农林大学 | Preparation method and application of methylene blue adsorbing high-specific-surface-area activated carbon |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104766726A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-08 | 上海博暄能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method for supercapacitor electrode material and electrode material prepared through same |
| CN104766726B (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2018-03-30 | 江苏瑞友康电子科技有限公司 | The preparation method of electrode material for super capacitor and the electrode material prepared with this method |
| CN106145110A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-23 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of activated carbon two step process for preparing activated and the application in ultracapacitor thereof |
| CN108862278A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-23 | 木林森活性炭江苏有限公司 | A kind of production method of drinks special-purpose activated charcoal |
| CN109231204A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of method of biomass substep activation preparation porous charcoal |
| CN109231204B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-07-10 | 华中科技大学 | Method for preparing porous carbon by biomass step-by-step activation |
| CN111099587A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Preparation method of bamboo leaf-based carbon material with high specific surface area |
| CN111099587B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-11-23 | 浙江工业大学 | Preparation method of bamboo leaf-based carbon material with high specific surface area |
| CN111977650A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-24 | 陕西中医药大学 | Super-capacitor carbon prepared by utilizing apple pruned waste branches and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111977650B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-10-19 | 陕西中医药大学 | Super-capacitor carbon prepared by utilizing apple pruned waste branches and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113277508A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 福建农林大学 | Preparation method and application of methylene blue adsorbing high-specific-surface-area activated carbon |
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Application publication date: 20120509 |