CN102437599B - New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle - Google Patents

New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102437599B
CN102437599B CN201110314629.XA CN201110314629A CN102437599B CN 102437599 B CN102437599 B CN 102437599B CN 201110314629 A CN201110314629 A CN 201110314629A CN 102437599 B CN102437599 B CN 102437599B
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charging
diode
storage
storage capacitor
switching tube
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CN102437599A (en
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白亮宇
唐厚君
杨光
刘超
姚辰
叶子晟
赵伟
沈会
周祎隆
熊天毅
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Abstract

A new electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle comprises a power module, a charging/discharging module, a single chip module and a power driving module, wherein the power module provides a DC power for the charging/discharging module; the charging/discharging module has the functions of charging/discharging the storage battery and feeding back the electric energy; the single chip module is composed of a single chip, a peripheral circuit and a current, voltage and temperature detecting circuit, which finishes the core control function of the system; the power driving module drives the switch tube in the charging/discharging module. The new energy-saving module adopts a PWM control technology and a rapid charging technology of pulse charging and interval charging to simplify the structure of the charging switch power, reduces the number of the energy consumption element, increases the reliability and saves the cost. The energy is absorbed via an energy storage capacitor and is fed back to the charging circuit to recharge, so that the electric energy is recycled. The invention further increases the energy utilization efficiency and realizes the double target of rapid charging and energy-saving charging.

Description

New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of electric automobile energy saving technical field, be specifically related to a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle.
Background technology
Energy-saving and environmental protection are three large themes of world today's automotive engineering with safety.And the power-saving technology key point of future automobile Business survival especially.At present, electric automobile is because its energy efficiency is high, pollution-free, and the remarkable advantages such as low noise and easy maintenance simple in structure have become the important trend that energy-saving automobile develops.But electric automobile is still be not as perfect as internal-combustion engines vehicle technology at present, and especially storage battery, as the main power source of electric automobile, still has many deficiencies.As everyone knows, the charging process of storage battery is a very complicated electrochemical reaction process, quick charge technology still fails to solve completely the problems that battery charger exists so far, finds that a kind of charge efficiency is high, the charging interval is short and service lifetime of accumulator is affected to little fast charge method has just become the task of top priority.
About technology and the application development of electric automobile energy saving aspect are rapid, its general principle is all that a generator is installed in car, and in the time of automobile emergency brake or descending, generator is converted into electrical power storage in storage battery by the mechanical energy on bearing.In the time normally travelling, recycle this part electric energy and drive automobile.Design although it is so can reach certain energy-saving effect, but the charging and discharging circuit of electric automobile is perfect not enough at present, and therefore energy-saving effect needs further to improve.
Chinese Patent Application No. is that 200920059567 utility model patent discloses a kind of self-powered electric car, comprise: chassis, car body and dynamical system, dynamical system comprises fuel generator, the first electrical storage device, the second electrical storage device, charge controller, charging switch, power switching device, control system and motor; Fuel generator connects the first electrical storage device and the second electrical storage device by charging switch successively, the first electrical storage device is connected power switching device with the second electrical storage device, power switching device connects motor, the work of control system control charging switch and power switching device.By self generator powered and the first electrical storage device and the rotation in charged state and power supply state of the second electrical storage device are set, can not need to set up charging station and charging network is just realized long-range travelling.This technical work validity is worth certainly, but its complicated in mechanical structure, on-the-spotly installs loaded down with trivial detailsly, is therefore difficult to be applied.More the most important thing is, and the charging and discharging circuit principle of this device is too simple, and its energy-saving effect is had a greatly reduced quality.
Separately find through retrieval, the utility model patent of number of patent application 201020245069 discloses another kind of scheme: on described car body, be provided with DC motor; Fuel electric generator; Opening and closing switch; Two rechargeable battery set; One quick charger, for filling fuel electric generator electricity to rechargeable battery set; One contactor, its control coil is connected to diverter switch, and the switching controls quick charger by diverter switch alternately and two rechargeable battery set conductings, is controlled not with wherein one group of rechargeable battery set of quick charger conducting as power supply simultaneously; With speed regulating device.Its beneficial effect is: with alternately charging and the power supply of two Battery packs, make electric motor car can carry out travelling of long period, meanwhile, extend the useful life of electric elements, reduce the fuel oil use amount of generator, energy savings, has expanded the scope of application of electric motor car.But equally also there is similar defect in this technology: (1) mechanical structure is very complicated, and operational reliability reduces.(2) the too simple energy-saving effect of charging and discharging circuit principle is undesirable.(3) on-the-spot installation and maintenance is all inconvenient, so this covering device is difficult to apply to reality.
In sum, there is complex structure, energy-saving effect is poor and practical application is difficult technical problem in existing electric automobile charge and discharge device.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, provide a kind of novel electric vehicle power cycles to utilize system, to solve the technical problem that complex structure, energy-saving effect are poor and practical application is difficult that in prior art, electric automobile charge and discharge device exists.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle, comprising:
Charge-discharge modules: comprise charging and discharging circuit and storage battery, charging and discharging circuit is connected with storage battery, in order to realize accumulator cell charging and discharging and electric energy feedback;
Power driver module: be connected with charging and discharging circuit, in order to drive charging and discharging circuit;
One-chip computer module: be connected with power driver module, control charging and discharging circuit in order to output pwm signal via power driver module, it further comprises: single-chip microcomputer, current detection circuit, voltage detecting circuit and temperature sensing circuit, single-chip microcomputer is connected with charging and discharging circuit, it is driven by power supply chip, analog signals sampling input single-chip microcomputer, and by the core control function of logical program completion system; Current detection circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer and charging and discharging circuit respectively with voltage detecting circuit, and temperature sensing circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer and storage battery respectively;
Power module: be connected with charging and discharging circuit, with thinking that charging and discharging circuit provides DC supply.
According to a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle described in preferred embodiment of the present invention, its power module is DC/DC DC power supplier.
According to a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle described in preferred embodiment of the present invention, its charging and discharging circuit further comprises: charge in batteries loop, battery discharging loop, No. 1 storage capacitor recharge loop, No. 2 storage capacitor charge circuits, wherein: the cathode output end of power module connects the positive pole of No. 1 storage capacitor by one first diode, be connected to battery positive voltage by one the 5th diode and one first switching tube again, battery terminal negative is received the cathode output end of power module; Battery positive voltage is connected to one the 4th diode, and simultaneously No. 2 storage capacitor positive poles are also connected to one the 3rd diode, these two diodes in parallels output two-way, and a road to energy storage inductor, leads up to one the 4th switching tube sending and receiving motor cathode output end; The energy storage inductor other end is also exported 2 tunnels, and one the 3rd diode of leading up to is connected with the positive pole of No. 1 storage capacitor, and one the 3rd switching tube of leading up to is connected with the cathode output end of power module.
According to a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle described in preferred embodiment of the present invention, its single-chip microcomputer adopts the class RISC command system of 16.
According to a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle described in preferred embodiment of the present invention, its power driver module adopts binary channels high pressure, the one chip integrated drive that high-speed power device grids starts.
According to a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle described in preferred embodiment of the present invention, its charge in batteries loop comprises: one first diode, one the 5th diode, storage battery and one first switching tube, wherein, when the first switching tube open-minded, power module is by the first diode and the 5th diode, to charge in batteries.
According to a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle described in preferred embodiment of the present invention, its battery discharging loop comprises: one the 3rd diode, one the 4th diode, storage battery, No. 2 storage capacitors, an energy storage inductor and one the 3rd switching tubes, wherein, when the 3rd switching tube open-minded, storage battery is by the 4th diode, simultaneously No. 2 storage capacitors are by the 3rd diode, together by electric energy transfer in energy storage inductor.
According to a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle described in preferred embodiment of the present invention, its No. 1 storage capacitor recharges loop and comprises: one second diode, energy storage inductor, No. 1 storage capacitor and one the 4th switching tube, wherein, open-minded when the 4th switching tube, energy storage inductor charges to No. 1 storage capacitor by the second diode.
According to a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle described in preferred embodiment of the present invention, its No. 2 storage capacitor charge circuits comprise: one the 6th diode, No. 1 storage capacitor, No. 2 storage capacitors and a second switch pipe, wherein, when second switch pipe open-minded, No. 1 storage capacitor charges by No. 2 storage capacitors of the 6th diode pair, to complete a charge cycle.
According to a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle described in preferred embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube all adopt the less MOSFET of internal resistance.
The present invention produces controlled pwm pulse by the logical program of main control singlechip and controls the switching tube of charge-discharge modules and realize pulse current charge and intermittent charge.Adopt PWM control technology, in conjunction with the quick charge technical characterstic of pulse current charge and intermittent charge, simplified the structure of charge switch power supply, reduced the quantity of dissipative cell, improved reliability, saved cost.Utilize storage capacitor to carry out energy absorption simultaneously and feed back to charging circuit realization to recharge, electric energy is recycled, further improved energy utilization efficiency, realized the double goal of quick charge and energy-saving charging.Therefore, this technology is a kind of energy-conserving and environment-protective, and is convenient to the electric automobile energy saving new technology of installation and maintenance.Compared with prior art, energy Efficient Cycle of the present invention utilizes electric energy, and energy-saving effect is obvious; Simple in structure, reliability is high, and power consumption component number is few; Modularized design makes on-the-spot installation and maintenance very convenient, is with a wide range of applications; And, save complicated mechanical structure, alleviate tare, make its energy-saving effect more remarkable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural principle block diagram of a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the main circuit schematic diagram of a kind of charge-discharge modules of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the PWM that single-chip microcomputer of the present invention produces drives logical signal schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the power flow schematic diagram in New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle charge in batteries stage of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the power flow schematic diagram in New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle battery discharging stage of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the power flow schematic diagram that No. 1 storage capacitor of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle of the present invention recharges the stage;
Fig. 7 is the power flow schematic diagram of No. 2 storage capacitor charging stages of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated: the present embodiment is implemented under taking technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, provided detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle, comprising: power module 200, charge-discharge modules 201, one-chip computer module 202 and power driver module 203.Wherein:
Charge-discharge modules 201: comprise charging and discharging circuit and storage battery, charging and discharging circuit is connected with storage battery, in order to realize accumulator cell charging and discharging and electric energy feedback;
Power driver module 203: be connected with charging and discharging circuit, in order to drive charging and discharging circuit;
One-chip computer module 202: be connected with power driver module, control charging and discharging circuit in order to output pwm signal via power driver module, it further comprises: single-chip microcomputer, peripheral circuit and current detection circuit, voltage detecting circuit and temperature sensing circuit, single-chip microcomputer is connected with charging and discharging circuit, it is driven by power supply chip, analog signals sampling input single-chip microcomputer, and by the core control function of logical program completion system; Current detection circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer and charging and discharging circuit respectively with voltage detecting circuit, and temperature sensing circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer and storage battery respectively;
Power module 200: be connected with charging and discharging circuit, with thinking that charging and discharging circuit provides DC supply.
As shown in Figure 2, charge-discharge modules 201 further comprises: charge in batteries loop, battery discharging loop, No. 1 storage capacitor recharge loop, No. 2 storage capacitor charge circuits.Specifically comprise: the first diode D2, the second diode D3, the 3rd diode D4, the 4th diode D5, the 5th diode D7, the 6th diode D8; the first switching tube Q1, second switch pipe Q2, the 3rd switching tube Q3, the 4th Q4 that opens the light; protective resistance R2, R4, R10, R11; energy storage inductor L1; No. 1 storage capacitor C7, No. 2 storage capacitor C36 and storage battery equivalent capacity C37.Wherein: the positive pole output 100V direct current of power module 200 is by the first diode D2 output two-way, one tunnel connects the positive pole of No. 1 storage capacitor C7, leading up to the 5th diode D7 and the first switching tube Q1 is connected to the positive pole of storage battery C37, and storage battery C37 negative pole is received the cathode output end of power module 200; The positive pole of storage battery C37 is connected to the 4th diode D5, the positive pole of No. 2 storage capacitor C4 is connected to the 3rd diode D4 simultaneously, these two diodes in parallels output two-way, a road is to energy storage inductor L1, leads up to the 4th switching tube Q4 sending and receiving motor cathode output end; The other end of energy storage inductor L1 is also exported 2 tunnels, and the second diode D3 of leading up to is connected with the positive pole of No. 1 storage capacitor C7, and the 3rd switching tube Q3 of leading up to is connected with the cathode output end of power module; Four switching tube the first switching tube Q1, second Q2, the 3rd Q3 and the 4th Q4 protective resistance R2 in parallel, R4, R10 and R11 respectively that open the light that open the light that open the light, and four switching tubes are all selected MOSFETFDS2734.
As shown in Figure 3, the PWM that one-chip computer module 202 produces drives logical signal, the conducting of high level driving switch pipe, and low level driving switch pipe turn-offs.First stage the first switching tube Q1 drives conducting to realize charge in batteries by high level; Second stage the first switching tube Q1 is driven and is turn-offed by low level, and the 3rd switching tube Q3 drives conducting to realize battery discharging by high level; Phase III the 3rd is opened the light Q3 by low level driving shutoff, and the 4th switching tube Q4 drives conducting to realize No. 1 storage capacitor by high level and recharges; Fourth stage the 4th switching tube Q4 is driven and is turn-offed by low level, and second Q2 that opens the light drives conducting to realize No. 2 storage capacitors and charge by high level.
Above-mentioned charge in batteries loop comprises: the first diode D2, the 5th diode D7, storage battery C37 and the first switching tube Q1.As shown in Figure 4, the power flow in charge in batteries stage: the first switching tube Q1 is open-minded, power module 200 charges to storage battery C37 by the first diode D2, the 5th diode D7.
Above-mentioned battery discharging loop comprises: the 3rd diode D4, the 4th diode D5, storage battery C37, No. 2 storage capacitor C36, energy storage inductor L1 and the 3rd switching tube Q3.As shown in Figure 5, the power flow in battery discharging stage: the 3rd switching tube Q3 is open-minded, storage battery C37 is by the 4th diode D5, No. 2 storage capacitor C36 are by the 3rd diode D4 simultaneously, together by electric energy transfer in energy storage inductor L1.
No. 1 above-mentioned storage capacitor recharges loop and comprises: the second diode D3, energy storage inductor L1, No. 1 storage capacitor C7 and the 4th switching tube Q4.As shown in Figure 6, No. 1 storage capacitor recharges the power flow in stage: the 4th switching tube Q4 is open-minded, and energy storage inductor L1 charges to No. 1 storage capacitor C7 by the second diode D3.
No. 2 above-mentioned storage capacitor charge circuits comprise: the 6th diode D8, No. 1 storage capacitor C7, No. 2 storage capacitor C36 and second switch pipe Q2.As shown in Figure 7, the power flow of No. 2 storage capacitor charging stages: Q2 is open-minded for second switch pipe, No. 1 storage capacitor C7 charges to No. 2 storage capacitor C36 by the 6th diode D8, and then completes a charge cycle.
Please also refer to Fig. 4 to Fig. 7, power cycles of the present invention utilizes the course of work as follows:
A. the charge in batteries stage: above-mentioned charge in batteries loop comprises: the first diode D2, the 5th diode D7, storage battery C37 and the first switching tube Q1.Wherein: when first switching tube Q1 connect after, if battery tension lower than input voltage, power module 200 will be charge in batteries via two diodes.
B. the battery discharging stage: described battery discharging loop comprises: the 3rd diode D4, the 4th diode D5, storage battery C37, No. 2 storage capacitor C36, energy storage inductor L1 and the 3rd switching tube Q3.Wherein: after the 3rd switching tube Q3 connects, if battery tension higher than input voltage, storage battery forms discharge loop with energy storage inductor separately with No. 2 storage capacitors together with a diode, by electrical power storage in energy storage inductor.
C.1 number storage capacitor recharges the stage: No. 1 storage capacitor recharges loop and comprises: the second diode D3, energy storage inductor L1, No. 1 storage capacitor C7 and the 4th switching tube Q4.Wherein: when the 4th switching tube Q4 connect after, if No. 1 storage capacitor voltage lower than energy storage inductor both end voltage, this energy storage inductor will be transferred to energy on No. 1 storage capacitor via a diode.
D.2 number storage capacitor charging stage: the 6th diode D8, No. 1 storage capacitor C7, No. 2 storage capacitor C36 and second switch pipe Q2.Wherein: after second switch pipe Q2 connects, if No. 2 storage capacitor voltages lower than No. 1 storage capacitor voltage, No. 1 storage capacitor will be via No. 2 storage capacitors chargings of a diode pair.
So just complete a power cycles cycle, realized the power cycles utilization outside the loss of dividing circuit element and electric energy transition loss, realized Energy Saving Control.
The present embodiment reaches following beneficial effect: when battery tension is during lower than input voltage, power module will be charge in batteries by two diodes; If battery tension is during higher than input voltage, storage battery forms discharge loop with energy storage inductor separately with No. 2 storage capacitors together with a diode, by electrical power storage in energy storage inductor; If No. 1 storage capacitor voltage is lower than energy storage inductor both end voltage, this energy storage inductor will be transferred to energy on No. 1 storage capacitor via a diode; When No. 2 storage capacitor voltages are during lower than No. 1 storage capacitor voltage, No. 1 storage capacitor will be by No. 2 storage capacitors chargings of a diode pair.So just complete a power cycles cycle, realized the power cycles utilization outside the loss of dividing circuit element and electric energy transition loss, realized Energy Saving Control.
The present embodiment energy Efficient Cycle utilizes electric energy, and energy-saving effect is obvious; Simple in structure, reliability is high, and power consumption component number is few; Modularized design makes on-the-spot installation and maintenance very convenient; Save complicated mechanical structure, alleviated tare, made its energy-saving effect more remarkable.
The above, it is only better embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction, any content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification above embodiment done according to technical spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle, is characterized in that, comprising:
Charge-discharge modules: comprise charging and discharging circuit and storage battery, described charging and discharging circuit is connected with described storage battery, in order to realize accumulator cell charging and discharging and electric energy feedback;
Power driver module: be connected with described charging and discharging circuit, in order to drive described charging and discharging circuit;
One-chip computer module: be connected with described power driver module, control charging and discharging circuit in order to output pwm signal via power driver module, it further comprises: single-chip microcomputer, current detection circuit, voltage detecting circuit and temperature sensing circuit, described single-chip microcomputer is connected with described charging and discharging circuit, it is driven by power supply chip, the described single-chip microcomputer of analog signals sampling input, and by the core control function of logical program completion system; Described current detection circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer and charging and discharging circuit respectively with voltage detecting circuit, and described temperature sensing circuit is connected with described single-chip microcomputer and storage battery respectively;
Power module: be connected with described charging and discharging circuit, with thinking that described charging and discharging circuit provides DC supply;
Wherein, described charging and discharging circuit further comprises: charge in batteries loop, battery discharging loop, No. 1 storage capacitor recharge loop, No. 2 storage capacitor charge circuits, wherein: the cathode output end of described power module connects the positive pole of No. 1 storage capacitor by first diode, be connected to battery positive voltage by the 5th diode and first switching tube again, battery terminal negative is received the cathode output end of power module; Battery positive voltage is connected to the 4th diode, No. 2 storage capacitor positive poles are also connected to the 3rd diode simultaneously, these two diodes in parallels output two-way, a road to energy storage inductor, leads up to a 4th switching tube sending and receiving motor cathode output end; The energy storage inductor other end is also exported 2 tunnels, and second diode of leading up to is connected with the positive pole of No. 1 storage capacitor, and the 3rd switching tube of leading up to is connected with the cathode output end of power module; Battery terminal negative is in parallel with No. 2 storage capacitor negative poles, and the positive pole of No. 1 storage capacitor is connected to the positive pole of No. 2 storage capacitors by the 6th diode and second switch pipe.
2. a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described power module is DC/DC DC power supplier.
3. a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described single-chip microcomputer adopts the class RISC command system of 16.
4. a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described power driver module adopts binary channels high pressure, the one chip integrated drive that high-speed power device grids starts.
5. a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described charge in batteries loop comprises: one first diode, one the 5th diode, storage battery and one first switching tube, wherein, when described the first switching tube open-minded, described power module is by described the first diode and the 5th diode, to described charge in batteries.
6. a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described battery discharging loop comprises: one the 3rd diode, one the 4th diode, storage battery, No. 2 storage capacitors, described energy storage inductor and one the 3rd switching tubes, wherein, when described the 3rd switching tube open-minded, described storage battery is by described the 4th diode, and described No. 2 storage capacitors are by described the 3rd diode simultaneously, together by electric energy transfer in energy storage inductor.
7. a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described No. 1 storage capacitor recharges loop and comprises: one second diode, energy storage inductor, No. 1 storage capacitor and one the 4th switching tube, wherein, open-minded when described the 4th switching tube, described energy storage inductor charges to described No. 1 storage capacitor by described the second diode.
8. a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described No. 2 storage capacitor charge circuits comprise: one the 6th diode, No. 1 storage capacitor, No. 2 storage capacitors and a second switch pipe, wherein, when described second switch pipe open-minded, described No. 1 storage capacitor charges by No. 2 storage capacitors described in described the 6th diode pair, to complete a charge cycle.
9. a kind of New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle as described in one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, described the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube all adopt the less MOSFET of internal resistance.
CN201110314629.XA 2011-10-17 2011-10-17 New electric energy recycling device of electric vehicle Active CN102437599B (en)

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CN113078868B (en) * 2021-04-21 2023-04-14 上海电气集团股份有限公司 Energy-saving control system and method
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