CN102423891A - Non-formaldehyde solid wood composite floor using low-density cottonwood veneers as base materials and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Non-formaldehyde solid wood composite floor using low-density cottonwood veneers as base materials and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102423891A CN102423891A CN2011102565987A CN201110256598A CN102423891A CN 102423891 A CN102423891 A CN 102423891A CN 2011102565987 A CN2011102565987 A CN 2011102565987A CN 201110256598 A CN201110256598 A CN 201110256598A CN 102423891 A CN102423891 A CN 102423891A
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Abstract
The invention provides a non-formaldehyde solid wood composite floor using low-density cottonwood veneers as base materials and a manufacturing method thereof. The non-formaldehyde solid wood composite floor is at least a cottonwood base plate assembly manufactured by combining following two raw materials: first, cottonwood veneers formed by stewing cottonwood logs at a low temperature of 10 to 50 DEC C, then rotary-cutting or slicing the cottonwood logs and afterwards drying the cottonwood logs, and second, plastic adhesive films manufactured by adopting thermoplastic resin; the treated cottonwood veneers are coated with coupling agents and are then assembled with the plastic adhesive films, and after hot-pressing and setting treatment, a cottonwood base plate is manufactured; afterwards, decorative thin wood is adopted as a surface layer and is combined with the cottonwood base plate assembly, and after cold-pressing, a floor blank is manufactured; and finally, the floor blank is milled, tenoned, slotted, and subjected to paint curing, and then a product is manufactured. Through using high polymer materials, from which no harmful substance escapes, in both the machining process and the use process, the environmentally friendly solid wood composite floor is produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of building materials and preparation method thereof, refer to a kind of formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board and manufacturing approach thereof especially.
Background technology
Solid wooden compound floor is widely used in indoor decorating as a kind of important pavement.Poplar is the important fast-growing, high-yield woods kind of China, and cultivated area is extensive, and accumulation is big.But because the poplar speed of production is fast, the juvenile wood ratio is big, material is loose, density is low, yielding, is difficult to be applied to the floor at present and produces.
Glued board in the market and the timber-work that is basis with glued board technology, what use like majority such as solid wooden compound floors is the adhesive that contains the formaldehyde composition, product has a large amount of free formaldehydes release causing environmental pollutions in production and use.The World Health Organization announces in " World Health Report in 2002 ", clearly room air pollution is classified as one of ten big factors that threaten human health, and has confirmed that formaldehyde is strong carcinogenic substance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of is the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board; Through the macromolecular material (being that plastics and wood combination are joined base) that in processing and use, uses equal unharmful substance to overflow, produce a kind of eco-friendly solid wooden compound floor.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention takes following design:
A kind of is the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board; It is by the following two kinds of compounded poplar substrate of raw material assemblies at least, the board using poplar board that the first is dried to the poplar log after rotary-cut or the slicing after through 10～50 ℃ of low temperature boilings again; It two is the plastics glued membranes that made by thermoplastic resin; Board using poplar board is alternate with plastic sheeting superimposed, and the veneer texture of every adjacent layer intersects in length and breadth, and the board using poplar board adjacent surface of adjacent layer is all the front, or is all reverse side.
Board using poplar board scribbles coupling agent, so that form the better compound interface of performance between board using poplar board and the plastics glued membrane.
The decorative layer that said poplar substrate assembly and installs additional the compound floor blank of processing of colding pressing, wherein, this decorative layer is to become dry again and obtain behind the decorative veneer by famous and precious log slicing.
It is the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board that another object of the present invention provides a kind of, the murder by poisoning problem of environment and human body is provided a kind of method of solution with the free formaldehyde release of glued board for solving common decoration.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention takes following design:
A kind of is the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board, and its method step is following:
A) get the raw materials ready respectively:
The poplar log is become board using poplar board through rotary-cut behind the low temperature boiling or slicing, and described boiling low temperature is 10～50 ℃, and the time is 2～48 hours, dries the veneers to moisture content again below 20%;
At least a famous and precious log slicing is become decorative veneer, or with the material sliced veneer at least a commonly used in poplar, birch, elm, pine and the China fir of high apparent mass as decorative veneer, again that decorative veneer is dry;
With processing the plastics glued membrane behind plastic granulating and the blown film;
B) ageing behind polyurethane, maleic anhydride or the silane coupler on the board using poplar board surfaces coated after will handling is carried out assembly with the plastics glued membrane again, handles making the poplar substrate with typing through hot pressing;
C) with decorative veneer as the top layer, compound with poplar substrate assembly, get the floor blank through cold compaction;
D) the floor blank material is through milling the tenon fluting the most at last, and paint curing is processed product.
For the poplar log of footpath level below 20 centimetres, answer 10～30 ℃ of boilings of low temperature, the time is 2～36 hours; For the poplar log of footpath level more than 20 centimetres, answering low temperature boiling is 20～50 ℃, and the time is 10～48 hours; Said board using poplar board thickness should be greater than 1.5 millimeters.
Must cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. polyurethanes, maleic anhydride or silane coupling agent after the said board using poplar board drying, to carry out assembly compound with the plastics glued membrane again.
Heat pressing process temperature and pressure described in the above-mentioned step b) is apparently higher than conventional solid wooden compound floor technology; Conventional solid wooden compound floor base material production temperature is 80～120 ℃; Pressure is 0.5～0.8Mpa, and this floor production temperature and pressure is conventional 1.25～4 times of producing, and actual conditions is: 100～220 ℃ of temperature; Plate surface pressure 1.3～3.0MPa, 1～3 minute/millimeter time.
Said typing treatment conditions are that cold wind is handled or cold pressing treatment, and the temperature of colding pressing is-30 ℃～70 ℃, and the pressure of cold pressing treatment is not less than hot pressing pressure.The cold pressing treatment time is 3～120 minutes during said preparation floor blank, must place more than 48 hours by the ageing piling after the cold pressing treatment.
The concrete grammar that described board using poplar board and plastics glued membrane carry out assembly is: board using poplar board is alternate with plastic sheeting superimposed, form veneer and plastics composite blank; Wherein, the board using poplar board texture of every adjacent layer intersects in length and breadth; The board using poplar board adjacent surface of adjacent layer is all the front or is all reverse side.
Said plastics are thermoplastic resin, and this thermoplastic resin is a polyethylene, polypropylene, at least a in polyvinyl chloride and the polystyrene, 100～200 ℃ of its melt temperatures.The preferred plastics that reclaim to turn waste into wealth, are created bigger income; To reclaim separating plastic, clean the back granulation, blown film is processed the plastics glued membrane.
Said plastics glued membrane is a thermoplastic resin, 100～200 ℃ of its melt temperatures
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of purposes of low-density board using poplar board, makes the family of flooring board add the newcomer again, has also realized the efficient increment utilization of low-quality material.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention takes following design:
The plastics glued membrane that a kind of purposes of low-density board using poplar board, this board using poplar board make as base material and thermoplastic resin is compound process poplar substrate assembly after, with the decorative layer that installs additional the compound floor blank of processing of colding pressing, be used to make solid wooden compound floor again.
The present invention relates to a kind of be the manufacturing of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board; Improve the density of board using poplar board through technology such as low temperature boiling technology, veneer densification, coupling agent enhancings; Strengthen dimensional stability, with low-density board using poplar board, decorative veneer and all types of plastic or a series of formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor boards of being processed into of waste plastic process.Make artificial forest low-density poplar be applied to the floor industry, realized the efficient increment utilization of low-quality material, also adopt and reclaim plastics, realized the high-efficiency resource recycling of discarded object as adhesives.
Advantage of the present invention is:
⑴ such solid wooden compound floor does not exist free formaldehyde to discharge, and has thoroughly solved to perplex the harm problem of formaldehyde to environment and human body of dissociating in Wood-based Panel Production and the use for many years always;
⑵ such solid wooden compound floor is introduced the low close board using poplar board of low-quality as base material, and not only each item physical and mechanical property is good, also realizes the poplar utilization of efficiently rising in value;
⑶ the raw materials for production of such solid wooden compound floor mainly adopt the recovery plastics, and price will be very cheap first, and board cost is low; Another has then solved the problem of environmental pollution of waste plastic, has realized the high-efficiency resource recycling of discarded object.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board structure composition sketch map of base material with the low-density board using poplar board for the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is that the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material mainly is divided into feedstock production and processing, the preparation of poplar substrate, decorative veneer veneer and 4 stages of paint process with the low-density board using poplar board.
1. feedstock production and processing
A) the poplar log is become board using poplar board through rotary-cut behind the low temperature boiling or slicing, 10～50 ℃ of boiling temperatures, the time is 2～48 hours; To increase veneer plasticity; Remove the chemical substance that should not glue together, veneer thickness dries the veneers to moisture content below 20% again greater than 1.5mm.
For better guaranteeing the quality of product, can screen disaggregatedly and corresponding respectively the processing the former wood raw material of poplar: for the poplar log of footpath level below 20 centimetres, low temperature boiling is 10～30 ℃, and the time is 2～36 hours; For the poplar log that the footpath level (contains 20 centimetres of footpath levels) more than 20 centimetres, low temperature boiling is 20～50 ℃, and the time is 10～48 hours; Said board using poplar board thickness should be greater than 1.5 millimeters.
B) choose famous and precious logs such as toothed oak wood, Jatoba, face cream pigeonpea, husky Billy, teak; These famous and precious log slicings of choosing are become decorative veneer (0.2～4mm); According to timber tangential is different with the sagittal plane position; Can obtain different timber and decorate texture, or with the material sliced veneer at least a commonly used in poplar, birch, elm, pine and the China fir of high apparent mass as decorative veneer, decorative veneer is dried to moisture content below 25%.
C) with processing plastic sheeting behind plastics (being advisable to reclaim plastics especially) sorting, cleaning, granulation, the blown film.Plastics can be thermoplastic resins, are polyethylene, polypropylene, one or more combinations in polyvinyl chloride and the polystyrene;
Wherein:
Reclaim separating plastic: with the waste plastic that reclaims according to plastics kind, degree of aging, pollution level categorised collection.
Reclaiming plastics pulverizes and cleans: will reclaim plastics and handle through the recirculated water plastics machine that cleans and crush, and clean and pulverize disposable carrying out, and remove the various surface irregularities of plastics, and simultaneously plastic processing become to be fit to the fragment of size.
The particle granulation: plastic flakes through mixing former such as extrude, cuts into plastics the particle of even size again after super-dry.In this operation, can add other plastics or modifier, carry out the modification processing to reclaiming plastics.The extrusion temperature that HDPE selects for use is 130～180 ℃.
Plastic membrane blowing: plastic grain is blown out the plastic sheeting of certain breadth and thickness through inflation film manufacturing machine.Selecting the blown film temperature for use for HDPE is 140～190 ℃.
2. poplar substrate preparation
The low-density board using poplar board that to a) handle through above-mentioned steps is covered with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. polyurethanes or silane coupling agent, display 10-120 minute after.As to select polyurethanes coupling agent, consumption for use be 1%～20% of plastics glued membrane weight, covers with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the back veneer and displayed 10-120 minute; As select for use maleic anhydride or silane coupling agent, consumption to be 3%～20% of plastics glued membrane weight, cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the back veneer and displayed 10-360 minute.Carry out assembly with the plastics glued membrane again, during assembly, be by certain regularly arranged, promptly guarantee: the board using poplar board texture of every adjacent layer intersects in length and breadth; The board using poplar board adjacent surface of adjacent layer is all the front or is all reverse side.Referring to shown in Figure 1; With 3 layers of poplar substrate preparation formaldehyde-free low-density poplar solid wooden compound floor is example; Its concrete assemble pattern: the top layer is a decorative veneer panel 4, and base material is the board using poplar board combination, includes three layers of board using poplar board 1,2,3; The veneer texture of every adjacent layer intersects to be placed, and the front 11 of board using poplar board 1 is middle symmetry with the front 31 of board using poplar board 3, the reverse side 12 of board using poplar board 1 and the reverse side 32 of board using poplar board 3 with intermediate layer board using poplar board 2; That is be: the reverse side 12 of board using poplar board 1 is adjacent with the reverse side 22 of board using poplar board 2, and the front 21 of board using poplar board 2 is adjacent with the front 31 of board using poplar board 3 again.Board using poplar board 1,2,3 is placed plastics glued membrane (not shown) in twos between the veneer.Assembly is made the poplar substrate through hot pressing and typing processing again; The heat pressing process temperature and pressure all is much higher than conventional plywood hot-pressing process conditions, under the condition of high temperature, increases timber self plasticity, promotes the veneer compaction deformation; Thereby reach effects such as increasing density, enhancing dimensional stability, resistance to deformation; 100～220 ℃ of actual temps, plate surface pressure 1.3～3.0MPa, 1～3 minute/millimeter time, the typing treatment conditions are that cold wind is handled or cold pressing treatment, and pressure is not less than hot pressing pressure.
Said plastics comprise various thermoplastics and plastic alloy, and its melt temperature is no more than 220 ℃, are advisable for 100～200 ℃.
3. decorative veneer veneer
With decorative veneer as the top layer; Compound with the common assembly of poplar substrate; Get the floor blank through cold compaction; It is bonding to adopt non-formaldehydes cold pressing glue stick (like isocyanates, polyvinyl acetate glue stick etc.) to cold pressing, and must place more than 48 hours by the ageing piling after the cold pressing treatment, and also need prolong the standing time in winter.
4. paint process
At last the floor blank is slotted through mortise, paint curing is processed product.
With specific embodiment the present invention is further specified below.
The present invention utilizes existing solid wooden compound floor producing process and equipment, is adhesives to reclaim HDPE (high density polyethylene (HDPE)) plastics, adopts the thick toothed oak wood of 0.6mm Wood Veneer Overlaying, takes following steps:
1. select the poplar log of 15～20 centimetres of footpath levels, after 30 hours, rotary-cut or slicing become board using poplar board (choosing thickness is more than 1.5 millimeters), dry the veneers to moisture content 15% again through 20 ℃ of boilings of low temperature;
2. famous and precious log slicing is become decorative veneer, veneer is placed drying naturally in atmosphere, moisture content is reduced to below 25%;
3. will reclaim separating plastic and go out HDPE, and pulverize and clean, again particle granulation, blown film processed plastic sheeting;
4. board using poplar board after the drying is covered with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. silane coupler; The silane coupler consumption of selecting for use is 10% of a plastics glued membrane weight, covers with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the back veneer and displays 40 minutes;
To display back board using poplar board and plastics glued membrane and carry out assembly, and guarantee that board using poplar board will be alternate with plastic sheeting superimposed in the assembly, every layer of veneer guarantees that texture intersects in length and breadth, notices that simultaneously the veneer positive and negative is symmetrical in the middle of being; Make the poplar substrate through hot pressing and typing processing after having organized;
Hot pressing: blank is sent into hot press hot pressing, and hot pressing condition is 180 ℃ of temperature, plate surface pressure 2MPa, 3 minutes/millimeter time.Typing is handled: the semi-finished product that hot pressing is good are sent into cold treatment equipment rapidly, make its typing through cold wind or cold press, and the temperature of colding pressing is-30 ℃～70 ℃, and pressure is not less than hot pressing;
With decorative veneer as the top layer; Adopt the isocyanate adhesive and the poplar substrate assembly that do not contain the formaldehyde composition compound, the pressure of colding pressing is 2Mpa, and the time of colding pressing is 80 minutes; Must place more than 48 hours by the ageing piling after the cold pressing treatment, get the floor blank through cold compaction;
6. with floor blank behind the blank sanding surface of floor,, process straight tenon or snap close on blank four limits through process equipments such as four side moulders.To mill tenon fluting floor blank and carry out paint finishing and curing,, process product like UV lacquer and polyester paint process through the paint production line.
Be raw materials for production with new HDPE in the production, adopt the thick toothed oak wood of 0.6mm Wood Veneer Overlaying, take equipment and step and instance 1 similar;
Just the described recovery plastics of step 3 become direct purchase HDPE particle blown film among the embodiment 1; Step 4 among the embodiment 1 is used instead to covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the polyurethane coupling agent, and the covering with paint amount is 1～20% of a glued membrane weight, ageing 15 minutes, and all the other steps, equipment and parameter are identical with embodiment 1.
Being adhesives to reclaim PP in the production, adopting the thick toothed oak wood of 2mm Wood Veneer Overlaying, take equipment identical with instance 1 with step, is that processing parameter changes, specific as follows:
Step 3: will reclaim separating plastic and go out PP, and pulverize and clean, and again particle granulation, blown film processed plastic sheeting.All the other parameters are identical with embodiment 1, only are that extrusion temperature changes to 150～240 ℃, and the blown film temperature changes to 160～250 ℃;
Step 5: low-density board using poplar board and plastics glued membrane are carried out assembly, handle making the poplar substrate through hot pressing with typing.All the other parameters are identical with embodiment 1, only are that hot pressing temperature changes to 150～220 ℃.
Other steps, equipment and technological parameter are all identical with embodiment 1.
In view of the changing all the time of each parameter of technology, should not enumerate one by one here, only representationally enumerate one or two, each parameter range all provides in technical scheme.
Above-mentioned each embodiment can should be regarded as exemplary so above explanation comprises not departing from the scope of the present invention down in addition some variations, but not in order to limit the protection domain that the present invention applies for a patent.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board, it is characterized in that method step is following:
A) get the raw materials ready respectively:
The poplar log is become board using poplar board through rotary-cut behind the low temperature boiling or slicing, and described boiling low temperature is 10～50 ℃, and the time is 2～48 hours, dries the veneers to moisture content again below 20%;
At least a famous and precious log slicing is become decorative veneer, or with the material sliced veneer at least a commonly used in poplar, birch, elm, pine and the China fir of high apparent mass as decorative veneer, again that decorative veneer is dry;
With processing the plastics glued membrane behind plastic granulating and the blown film;
B) ageing behind polyurethane, maleic anhydride or the silane coupler on the board using poplar board surfaces coated after will handling is carried out assembly with the plastics glued membrane again, handles making the poplar substrate with typing through hot pressing;
C) with decorative veneer as the top layer, compound with poplar substrate assembly, get the floor blank through cold compaction;
D) the floor blank material is through milling the tenon fluting the most at last, and paint curing is processed product.
2. according to claim 1 is the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board, it is characterized in that: for the poplar log of footpath level below 20 centimetres, and 10～30 ℃ of boilings of low temperature, the time is 2～36 hours; For the poplar log of footpath level more than 20 centimetres, low temperature boiling is 20～50 ℃, and the time is 10～48 hours; Said board using poplar board thickness should be greater than 1.5 millimeters.
3. according to claim 1 is the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board; It is characterized in that: the consumption of covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the polyurethanes coupling agent after the said board using poplar board drying is 1%～20% of a plastics glued membrane weight, covers with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the back veneer and displays 10-120 minute; Cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. maleic anhydride or silane coupling agent, consumption is 3%～20% of plastics glued membrane weight, covers with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the back veneer and displays 10-360 minute.
4. according to claim 1 is the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board; It is characterized in that the heat pressing process temperature and pressure described in the step b) is higher than conventional solid wooden compound floor technology; Actual conditions is: 100～220 ℃ of temperature; Plate surface pressure 1.3～3.0MPa, 1～3 minute/millimeter time.
5. according to claim 1 is the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board; It is characterized in that: said typing treatment conditions are that cold wind is handled or cold pressing treatment; The temperature of colding pressing is-30 ℃～70 ℃, and the pressure of cold pressing treatment is not less than hot pressing pressure.
6. according to claim 5 is the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board; It is characterized in that: the warm often cold pressing treatment time of said preparation floor blank is 3～120 minutes, must place more than 48 hours by the ageing piling after the cold pressing treatment.
7. according to claim 1 is the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board; It is characterized in that the concrete grammar that board using poplar board and plastics glued membrane carry out assembly is: board using poplar board is alternate with plastic sheeting superimposed, form veneer and plastics composite blank; Wherein, the board using poplar board texture of every adjacent layer intersects in length and breadth; The board using poplar board adjacent surface of adjacent layer is all the front, or is all reverse side.
8. according to claim 1 is the preparation method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board; Its characteristic exists: said plastics are thermoplastic resin; This thermoplastic resin is a polyethylene; Polypropylene, at least a in polyvinyl chloride and the polystyrene, 100～200 ℃ of its melt temperatures; The preferred plastics that reclaim; To reclaim separating plastic, clean the back granulation, blown film is processed the plastics glued membrane.
9. the purposes of a low-density board using poplar board; It is characterized in that: the plastics glued membrane that this board using poplar board makes as base material and thermoplastic resin is compound process poplar substrate assembly after; With the decorative layer that installs additional the compound floor blank of processing of colding pressing, be used to make solid wooden compound floor again.
10. one kind is the formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor board of base material with the low-density board using poplar board; It is characterized in that: it is by the following two kinds of compounded poplar substrate of raw material assemblies at least, the board using poplar board that the first is dried to the poplar log after rotary-cut or the slicing after through 10～50 ℃ of low temperature boilings again; It two is the plastics glued membranes that made by thermoplastic resin; Board using poplar board is alternate with plastic sheeting superimposed, and the veneer texture of every adjacent layer intersects in length and breadth, and the board using poplar board adjacent surface of adjacent layer is all the front, or is all reverse side.
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