CN102422988A - Special synthetic feed for rainbow trout and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Special synthetic feed for rainbow trout and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102422988A CN102422988A CN2011103070712A CN201110307071A CN102422988A CN 102422988 A CN102422988 A CN 102422988A CN 2011103070712 A CN2011103070712 A CN 2011103070712A CN 201110307071 A CN201110307071 A CN 201110307071A CN 102422988 A CN102422988 A CN 102422988A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a natural feed for rainbow trout, belongs to the field of biological feeds and particularly relates to a special synthetic feed for the rainbow trout and a preparation process thereof. The special synthetic feed is characterized by consisting of 10-40 percent of Qinghai yak hair hydrolysate powder, 10-45 percent of yak blood powder, 10-15 percent of yak bone powder, 5-10 percent of edible fungus powder, 5-10 percent of microbial additive, 8-25 percent of highland barley, 3-10 percent of rapeseed oil meal, 2-5 percent of hawthorn, 1-2 percent of complex vitamin and 1 percent of common salt. The special synthetic feed has the benefits of abundant nutrition, proper proportions among the components suitable for the feeding of the rainbow trout, compensation for irreplaceable amino acid deficiency by artificial analogues, requirement meeting of the rainbow trout on fat, carbohydrate, coarse fibers and minerals, favorable mouthfeeling, easiness for absorption, strong disease resistance, high shape-retaining ability in water, low possibility of forming a dispersion shape and decomposing, waste reduction, long guarantee period and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of natural feed that is used for rainbow trout, belong to the biological feedstuff field, special-purpose synthetic diet of a kind of specifically rainbow trout and preparation technology thereof.
Background technology
Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Rich) belongs to salmon section, and trout belongs to.Its fine and tender taste, fat is more, and meat flavour is delicious, and is nutritious; Be mainly used in and eat raw, the fish products of also can be processed into salt marsh, smoking also is the excellent material of can of curing fish, but exported frozen also.
Development along with animal nutrition science; In order to satisfy the sufficient nutrition of rainbow trout growth; The fish farm, various places can in the pond of breeding fish or net cage throw in all feeds and additive thereof, improving the output of fish, but in the survival rate of rainbow trout; Aspects such as weightening finish multiple and bait saving situation, the improvement situation is still undesirable.Rainbow trout belongs to predacious fish, is food with Lu Sheng and aquatic insect, shell-fish, shellfish, small fish, fish-egg, also is leaf and the seed of water plant; Juvenile fish is a food with zooplankter, zoobenthos; Under the raising condition, the rainbow trout artificial compounding feed of well ingesting, soft pellet diet are that the dry powder feed that mixed feed is used carries out damping with normal-temperature water earlier, mix, then with the extrusion modling in the soft pellet diet machine of making a gift to someone of the feed of damping.The required water yield is that the situation during through the moulding of soft pellet diet machine die head is adjusted definite so that the feed after the damping can waltz through die head and produce and keep good particle proterties according to the feed after the damping in its damping process.This type pellet water content is bigger, is generally 15～35%, and the hardness of particle is low, thereby the shape-retaining ability in water is poor, is prone to become diffusing shape, separates so the Chang Fashengyin pellet is burst in water, causes waste and fish to eat bad phenomenon.In addition, this pellet is big because of water content, also unsuitable long storage time.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of prior art, special-purpose synthetic diet of a kind of rainbow trout and preparation technology thereof are provided, its purpose is to improve rainbow trout output, practices thrift feed, reduces the cost of breeding fish, and further meets the need of market.
Special-purpose synthetic diet of a kind of rainbow trout of the present invention and preparation technology thereof; It is characterized in that: be made up of Qinghai yak hair hydrolysis liquid pulvis 10～40%, yak blood meal 10～45%, yak bone meal 10～15%, powder of edible fungus 5～10%, microbe additive 5～10%, highland barley 8～25%, rapeseed oil meal 3～10%, hawthorn 2～5%, B B-complex 1～2%, salt 1%, described percentage is weight percentage.
Special-purpose synthetic diet of a kind of rainbow trout of the present invention and preparation technology thereof, it realizes that specifically technical scheme is:
A. after yak hair being purified, put into hydrolytic decomposition pot, add 10 times of hydrochloric acid and be hydrolyzed, its weight ratio is 1: 1.6～1.8; Hydrolysis temperature is 105 ℃～108 ℃, and the time is 8～10 hours, and gained solution neutralizes with ammoniacal liquor after the hydrolysis; Its pH value is 4.5～5.0, after above-mentioned solution is filtered, getting filtrating and carrying out vacuum and concentrate; Thickening temperature is 100 ℃～110 ℃, and vacuum is the 500mm mercury, and the density of gained concentrate is 1.20g/cm
3, Baume degrees is 24, it is for use to process pulvis through oven dry again;
B. with the yak blood draw in 100～120 ℃ of heating 20～40min, blood denaturation is solidified, get it and solidify 1 kilogram of clot, rub; Add 1～2 times of water, be heated to 70 ℃, transfer to pH7～9, continue to be heated to 80 ℃ with NaOH liquid; Keep 10min, leave standstill and be cooled to 40～45 ℃, add trypsin solution 30～40ml, add 95% alcohol, 5～10ml; Place 35～45 ℃ of environment enzymes processing 4～5 hours, slowly stir, pancreatin is fully contacted with the blood foam, promote enzymeization; Until presenting the end of aubergine enzyme, then enzyme liquid is regulated pH to 7.0～7.8 with acetic acid, boil 10min; Enzyme is turned into stopping, again this liquid is regulated pH to 7.0～7.2, it is for use to process enzymic bloody powder through oven dry again;
C. it is for use to dry, pulverize 80 order mesh screens respectively through yak bone, highland barley, flat mushroom, hawthorn after shave meat, purifying; B B-complex 1% fragmentation, the oven dry abrasive dust to 100～120 orders for use;
D. microbe additive is to be inoculated in the MRS fluid nutrient medium by Bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, Lactobacillus casei respectively with 1: 1: 1 ratio bacterial classification, and 37 ℃ of static cultivation 20h make it be in the logarithm middle and later periods and add sterilized water, and the bacteria suspension of processing 110CFU/mL is for use;
E. in proportion above-mentioned substance is poured in the fish meal mixer and stirred 30min; Pour many heating after the taking-up into and produce pellet with fish meal ring mode granulator; Sieve with 80 order nets then, every particle weight is 0.1g, makes the special-purpose synthetic diet of rainbow trout according to the invention; Be dark-brown, have amino acid whose fragrance.
In the said a step after the hydrolysis gained solution have partly precipitated to produce with ammoniacal liquor neutralization, be the cystine bullion; Filtrating is carried out vacuum and is concentrated the partially crystallizable deposits yields is arranged, and is ammonium chloride.
In the said b step blood denaturation being solidified is that the germ that contains in the blood is killed, and acquisition is of high nutritive value, the enzymic bloody powder of purifying.
The flat mushroom cleaning-drying was pulverized 80 mesh sieves in the said c step, was powder of edible fungus according to the invention.
MRS fluid nutrient medium (g/L) manufacture craft is in the said d step: beef protein powder 10, flesh of fish juice 10, Yeast diffusion juice 5, glucose 20, sodium acetate 5, dibasic ammonium citrate 2, Tween 80 0.1, magnesium sulfate 0.58, manganese sulfate 0.28; Aquae destillata 1000ml; At 121 ℃ of sterilization 15min, regulate pH to 6.2～6.4 with pressure cooker with acetic acid.
Special-purpose synthetic diet of a kind of rainbow trout according to the invention and preparation technology thereof, its crude protein content is 48～52, crude fat content is 11～13.5, carbohydrate 22.5～23.5, ash content 9.5～14.5, unit is 1,000,000 joules/kilogram.
Special-purpose synthetic diet of a kind of rainbow trout according to the invention and preparation technology thereof; Its beneficial effect is: this prescription is formulated by multiple material; Albumen and various carbohydrate content are abundant in the feed; Contain mineral elements such as multiple beneficial inorganic elements calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc and trace elements of selenium, the suitable rainbow trout of ratio is raised between various nutritional labelings; With oil crops oil meal, powder of edible fungus, microbe additive substituted fish meal, amino acid main, that do not replace waned to be compensated with artificial homologue; Satisfy the demand of rainbow trout to fat, carbohydrate, crude fibre and mineral matter in the feed, the feed good palatability is prone to absorb, and resistance against diseases is strong; Shape-retaining ability is good in water, is difficult for becoming diffusing shape, is difficult for bursting and separates, and reduced waste, and the long shelf-life cost is low.
The specific embodiment
The special-purpose synthetic diet of a kind of rainbow trout according to the invention and its concrete implementation of preparation technology thereof are following;
Embodiment 1
A. after yak hair being purified, put into hydrolytic decomposition pot, add 10 times of hydrochloric acid and be hydrolyzed, its weight ratio is 1: 1.6; Hydrolysis temperature is 105 ℃, and the time is 8 hours, and gained solution neutralizes with ammoniacal liquor after the hydrolysis; Its pH value is 4.5～5.0, after above-mentioned solution is filtered, getting filtrating and carrying out vacuum and concentrate; Thickening temperature is 100 ℃, and vacuum is the 500mm mercury, and the density of gained concentrate is 1.20g/cm
3, Baume degrees is 24, it is for use to process pulvis through oven dry again;
B. with the yak blood draw in 120 ℃ of heating 20min, blood denaturation is solidified, get it and solidify 1 kilogram of clot, rub, add 2 times of water; Be heated to 70 ℃, transfer to pH 7, continue to be heated to 80 ℃, keep 10min, leave standstill and be cooled to 42 ℃ with NaOH liquid; Add trypsin solution 35ml, add 95% alcohol 8ml, place 40 ℃ of environment enzymes processing 4 hours, slowly stir; Pancreatin is fully contacted with the blood foam, promote enzymeization,, then enzyme liquid is regulated pH to 7.5 with acetic acid until presenting the end of aubergine enzyme; Boil 10min, enzyme is turned into stopping, again this liquid is regulated pH to 7.0, it is for use to process enzymic bloody powder through oven dry again;
C. it is for use to dry, pulverize 80 order mesh screens respectively through yak bone, highland barley, flat mushroom, hawthorn after shave meat, purifying; B B-complex 1% fragmentation, oven dry abrasive dust to 100 order are for use;
D. microbe additive is to be inoculated in the MRS fluid nutrient medium by Bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, Lactobacillus casei respectively with 1: 1: 1 ratio bacterial classification, and 37 ℃ of static cultivation 20h make it be in the logarithm middle and later periods and add sterilized water, and the bacteria suspension of processing 110CFU/mL is for use;
E. form by yak hair hydrolysis liquid pulvis 20%, yak blood meal 25%, yak bone meal 12%, powder of edible fungus 10%, microbe additive 5%, highland barley 12%, rapeseed oil meal 8%, hawthorn 5%, B B-complex 2%, salt 1%, described percentage is weight percentage.
Above-mentioned substance poured in the fish meal mixer stir 30min, pour into after the taking-up and manyly produce pellet with the heating of fish meal ring mode granulator, sieve with 80 order nets then, every particle weight is 0.1g, makes rainbow trout special use synthetic diet according to the invention; Be dark-brown, have amino acid whose fragrance.
Claims (2)
1. the special-purpose synthetic diet of a rainbow trout; It is characterized in that: be made up of Qinghai yak hair hydrolysis liquid pulvis 10～40%, yak blood meal 10～45%, yak bone meal 10～15%, powder of edible fungus 5～10%, microbe additive 5～10%, highland barley 8～25%, rapeseed oil meal 3～10%, hawthorn 2～5%, B B-complex 1～2%, salt 1%, described percentage is weight percentage.
2. the preparation technology of the special-purpose synthetic diet of a rainbow trout is characterized in that: realize that specifically technical scheme is:
A. after yak hair being purified, put into hydrolytic decomposition pot, add 10 times of hydrochloric acid and be hydrolyzed, its weight ratio is 1: 1.6～1.8; Hydrolysis temperature is 105 ℃～108 ℃, and the time is 8～10 hours, and gained solution neutralizes with ammoniacal liquor after the hydrolysis; Its pH value is 4.5～5.0, after above-mentioned solution is filtered, getting filtrating and carrying out vacuum and concentrate; Thickening temperature is 100 ℃～110 ℃, and vacuum is the 500mm mercury, and the density of gained concentrate is 1.20g/cm
3, Baume degrees is 24, it is for use to process pulvis through oven dry again;
B. with the yak blood draw in 100～120 ℃ of heating 20～40min, blood denaturation is solidified, get it and solidify 1 kilogram of clot, rub; Add 1～2 times of water, be heated to 70 ℃, transfer to pH7～9, continue to be heated to 80 ℃ with NaOH liquid; Keep 10min, leave standstill and be cooled to 40～45 ℃, add trypsin solution 30～40ml, add 95% alcohol, 5～10ml; Place 35～45 ℃ of environment enzymes processing 4～5 hours, slowly stir, pancreatin is fully contacted with the blood foam, promote enzymeization; Until presenting the end of aubergine enzyme, then enzyme liquid is regulated pH to 7.0～7.8 with acetic acid, boil 10min; Enzyme is turned into stopping, again this liquid is regulated pH to 7.0～7.2, it is for use to process enzymic bloody powder through oven dry again;
C. it is for use to dry, pulverize 80 order mesh screens respectively through yak bone, highland barley, flat mushroom, hawthorn after shave meat, purifying; B B-complex 1% fragmentation, the oven dry abrasive dust to 100～120 orders for use;
D. microbe additive is to be inoculated in the MRS fluid nutrient medium by Bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, Lactobacillus casei respectively with 1: 1: 1 ratio bacterial classification, and 37 ℃ of static cultivation 20h make it be in the logarithm middle and later periods and add sterilized water, and the bacteria suspension of processing 110CFU/mL is for use;
E. in proportion above-mentioned substance is poured in the fish meal mixer and stirred 30min; Pour many heating after the taking-up into and produce pellet with fish meal ring mode granulator; Sieve with 80 order nets then, every particle weight is 0.1g, makes the special-purpose synthetic diet of rainbow trout according to the invention; Be dark-brown, have amino acid whose fragrance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103070712A CN102422988B (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2011-10-11 | Special synthetic feed for rainbow trout and preparation process thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011103070712A CN102422988B (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2011-10-11 | Special synthetic feed for rainbow trout and preparation process thereof |
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| CN102422988A true CN102422988A (en) | 2012-04-25 |
| CN102422988B CN102422988B (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103478445A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2014-01-01 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Floating expanded pellet compound feed for adult fish in oncorhynchus mykiss |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101569374A (en) * | 2008-05-04 | 2009-11-04 | 张道君 | Preparation method of rainbow trout feed |
| CN101869198A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2010-10-27 | 张道君 | Rainbow trout feed |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101569374A (en) * | 2008-05-04 | 2009-11-04 | 张道君 | Preparation method of rainbow trout feed |
| CN101869198A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2010-10-27 | 张道君 | Rainbow trout feed |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘兴发等: "发酵血粉饲喂虹鳟鱼的试验研究", 《饲料研究》 * |
| 徐奇友等: "虹鳟鱼饲料中肉骨粉替代鱼粉的研究", 《饲料工业》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103478445A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2014-01-01 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Floating expanded pellet compound feed for adult fish in oncorhynchus mykiss |
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| CN102422988B (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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