CN102381865A - Method for producing baking-free brick mainly from red mud and magnesium slag by extrusion molding - Google Patents
Method for producing baking-free brick mainly from red mud and magnesium slag by extrusion molding Download PDFInfo
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- CN102381865A CN102381865A CN2011102094688A CN201110209468A CN102381865A CN 102381865 A CN102381865 A CN 102381865A CN 2011102094688 A CN2011102094688 A CN 2011102094688A CN 201110209468 A CN201110209468 A CN 201110209468A CN 102381865 A CN102381865 A CN 102381865A
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- red mud
- magnesium slag
- slag
- magnesium
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus Chemical compound P12P3P1P32 OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 38
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 17
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 13
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004762 CaSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- JYIMWRSJCRRYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4] JYIMWRSJCRRYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052664 nepheline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010434 nepheline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 pottery Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing a baking-free brick mainly from red mud and magnesium slag by extrusion molding and belongs to the technical fields of comprehensive utilization of solid waste resources and novel building materials. The baking-free brick is produced by the processes of raw material pretreatment, grinding, metering, stirring and primary mixing, forced mixing, extruding, cutting, steam curing and the like. According to the mass ratio of red mud to magnesium slag to active mineral materials (blast furnace slag, yellow phosphorus furnace slag and fly ash) to lime is (45-50): (35-40): (10-15): (2-5); the mass ratio of a batch mixture to water is 100: (32-35); and the active mineral materials can be individually used and can also be mixed and collocated for use. In the batch mixture of the invention, the moisture of red mud can be up to more than 65%; production of a blank can be carried out by using a traditional vacuum extruder, and operation is simple; the product is easy to build, blank hardening speed is high, static curing time is short, occupied field is less, and energy consumption is low; and the product has the advantages of high strength, high carbonization coefficient, high softening coefficient, low water absorption, good damp and hot alternation resistance and frost resisting capacities and no saltpetering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of red mud and magnesium slag and produce non-burning brick method, belong to industrial solid castoff comprehensive utilization of resources and building material technical field for the main raw material extrusion moulding.
Background technology
Red mud is the solid slag that discharges in the aluminum oxide production process, according to the difference of process for making alumina, is divided into sintering process, Bayer process and mixed combining method red mud.Different with the bauxite quality because of alumina-producing method, the chemical ingredients of red mud, physical properties and mineral facies are different, but higher because of iron oxide content, its appearance color is similar with laterite, so generally be commonly referred to as red mud.No matter red mud from sintering process or Bayer process red mud, its common characteristic all contains alkali, because the existence of alkali, what cause red mud utilizes difficulty very big, this is the low major cause of red mud utilization ratio.
China is the world the fourth-largest alumina producing state, and 1 ton of aluminum oxide of every production produces 1.5 tons of red muds (giving money as a gift) approximately, the also subsidiary 3～4m of dried red mud per ton
3Alkali waste.According to not exclusively estimating; More than 1,000 ten thousand tons of China's annual discharging red muds, red mud accumulative total volume of cargo in storage is up to tens million of tons, and it is main mainly storing up with the wet method of building a dam; Its utilization ratio is merely about 10%; Along with the reduction of aluminium industrial expansion and aluminum ore grade, the red mud quantity discharged is with increasing, and the environmental problem that it produced has become the great restraining factors of Sustainable Development of Enterprises.From the national conditions of China, aluminium industry will keep vigorous growth momentum in the long duration, but if pollution problem, land seizure problem, wasting of resources problem that red mud produces can not get effective solution, with the Sustainable development that has a strong impact on aluminium industry.And this large solid waste of red mud is used widely, and just must at first solve the stabilization and the comprehensive utilization technique thereof of red mud alkali, this is a long-term domestic and international aluminum oxide industry of puzzlement but outstanding and key subjects that do not separate.
At present, external resource utilization about red mud is used and mainly contained: (1) Bayer process red mud is used to produce cement, manufacture of intraocular lightweight aggregate concrete, is used as pitch filler, produces brick, is used as road basement material etc.(2) Bayer process red mud is in aspect utilization researchs such as agricultural, environment.As: Germany's test mixes with Bayer process red mud and ooze fills low lowland, becomes the barren soil and is the good farmland; The U.S., Japan utilize Bayer process red mud to make the scavenging agent of waste water, waste gas, and is respond well, and cost is low etc.(3) red mud from sintering process is used to produce cement.As; The FSU with the nepheline be the raw material production aluminum oxide Wal Hough, A Qin, and the Ka Liefu alumina producer utilize red mud to produce cement; And carry out the test of Wingdale, red mud from sintering process two components batching; Cement red mud 629～795kg/t capable of using is for approach has been opened up in the comprehensive utilization of red mud from sintering process.
China mainly is to produce cement to red mud comprehensive utilization, is used to produce cement, red mud like red mud from sintering process and fires for clay that ordinary Portland cement, red mud replace clay to fire oil well cement, red mud is produced sulfate cement; Red mud also has report as novel wall material, as, relevant scholar such as the Central China University of Science and Technology is exempting from aspect the vitrified brick research is arranged also with red mud, flyash production, and Shandong Aluminium Industrial Corp utilizes red mud to carry out big quantity research as novel wall material.In addition, utilize red mud to fire sytull and the water treatment report with the porous ceramic grain filtrate in addition on a small quantity, red mud also has the research report as the technology of valuable element in sweetening agent, flocculation agent, water conditioner, the recovery red mud.From the main composition of red mud, it has the potentiality in industry size application such as cement, concrete, pottery, building materials, roads, and this also is that present red mud from sintering process is mainly used in the major cause of producing cement.It is thus clear that, the existing utilization in various degree of domestic red mud from sintering process, but because of it has characteristics such as discharge capacity is big, water ratio is high, alkalescence is strong, the Development of Comprehensive Utilization of Bayer process red mud is little.
The magnesium slag is the industrial residue of discharging when producing MAGNESIUM METAL 99, and the method for producing MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is divided into electrolytic process, silicothermic process, carbothermic method, carbide reduction method.Silicothermic process is divided into the semicontinuous silicothermic process of gondola Pidgeon process and France again.In China; The main method that adopts is the Pidgeon process in the silicothermic process, is with ferrosilicon (Si>75%) reduction incinerating rhombspar, high temperature steel process jar in; Vacuumizing and be heated to certain temperature then has magnesium vapor and separates out; Cold junction at jar is provided with a cylindrical condenser, and condensation and collection magnesium can obtain finished product magnesium through refining again.In order to improve speed of reaction, generally in furnace charge, join people's certain quantity of additive, like CaF
2Deng, produce MAGNESIUM METAL 99.The waste residue that the reduction back generates is the magnesium slag, gray thickness particulate state and powdery, and every production 1t MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is discharged the magnesium slag of 9t approximately.The composition fluctuation range of magnesium slag: CaO:40%～50%, Si0
2: 20%～30%, A1
2O
3: 2%～5%, MgO:6%～l0%, Fe203 about 9%.From its mineral composition, the magnesium slag is more suitable for building materials industry.
Research that abroad the magnesium slag is utilized and report seldom, retrieval finds that the scholar of Brazilian federal university has done preliminary research to this industrial waste, finds that magnesium residue material chemical ingredients is substantially by CaO and SiO
2, MgO and Fe
20
3Form, interacting between these chemical ingredientss to generate CaSiO
4, CaMgSiO
4, MgO and Ca (OH)
2Deng crystallized product, the magnesium slag is compared contained basic oxide composition (K after being incorporated in the mortar with silicate cement
2O and Na
20) extremely low, can improve the weather resistance of mortar.
At home, the magnesium slag that magnesium factory discharges mostly discharges accumulation as refuse, has not only taken a large amount of land resources, and farm crop and surrounding environment have been caused great influence.Along with the pouring of dashing of rainwater, the magnesium slag imports rivers and lakes can cause very big influence to water body, seriously jeopardizes human health and crop growth.Aspect the magnesium slag utilized, units such as Wuhan University of Technology, Xinan Polytechnical College, Hefei cement research institute, Shanxi architecture research institute had carried out exploratory development.As; Ding Qingjun etc. study as cement mixture the magnesium slag; Huo Jichuan etc. study magnesium slag burden burning silicate cement clinker; Huang Congyun etc. are to utilizing the magnesium slag and prepare the high-performance Portland clinker and studying with magnesium slag replace lime stone batching firing silicate cement clinker, and Zhao Aiqin etc. study utilizing the magnesium slag to prepare novel wall material, with the magnesium slag directly levigate and a certain proportion of ground slag mix; Under the compound activator effect, the preparation agglutinate is produced various novel wall materials.
From present domestic and international general status about red mud and the utilization of magnesium slag; Mainly concentrating on red mud or magnesium slag is main raw material or auxiliary material; Cooperate flyash, slag, industrial gypsum etc. to produce cement or pavement material aspect, producing various novel wall materials also has and reports for work on a small quantity, and is main raw material with red mud and magnesium slag; Adopt non-burning brick research and the application of extrusion technology production building, also do not appear in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is with red mud, magnesium slag is main raw material; Blast furnace slag, yellow phosphorus furnace slag, flyash are the active mineral material; Lime is the mineral exciting agent, adopts extrusion technology, the method for the New Building Materials of production energy-conserving and environment-protective; In comprehensive utilization red mud and magnesium slag, alleviation red mud, magnesium slag muck are deposited and are handled the problem of environmental pollution that brings.
A kind of red mud of the present invention and magnesium slag are produced non-burning brick method for the main raw material extrusion moulding: earlier magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime are carried out pre-treatment; Then they are mixed with red mud by a certain percentage and obtain compound; And the moisture ratio of adding process water adjustment compound; Again through mix, extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaking operations such as sign indicating number base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.Red mud, magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime blended mass ratio are: 45～50:35～40:10～15:2～5.
(sintering process or mixed combining method red mud can directly use the industrial residue of discharging when red mud according to the invention is sintering process or Bayer process, mixed combining method alumina producing; Bayer process red mud needs can use through the simple physics sedimentation or after piling up drainage), the industrial residue of discharging when the magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL 99 in the silicothermic process.The active mineral material is blast furnace slag (Water Quenching Slag) or electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag (solid waste that produces in the electric furnace process phosphorus production process), the flyash (flying dust that collect in waste gas the coal-burning power plant) of blast furnace ironmaking; Blast furnace slag in the active mineral material, yellow phosphorus furnace slag, flyash can use separately, but also two or more collocation is used, SiO separately or in the material of collocation back
2+ Al
2O
3>60%.The content of free calcium oxide in the lime＞65%, total calcium oxide content＞80% meets the JC/T621-1996 silicate building products and uses the unslaked lime specification of quality.
Pre-treatment before said magnesium slag uses, be in autoclave with 0.8～1.0MPa steam activation processing 3～5 hours, naturally cooling, grinding became 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size less than 10% powder after the release; The pretreatment process of active mineral material and lime is: both are mixed back ageing 24～48 hours by mass percentage, and grinding became 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size less than 5% powder then.
In the said compound, material and quality be than being 100:32～35, the process water of adding be tap water or recovery middle water, contain general industry waters such as alkali waste water, water of condensation; The mixing of compound comprises just mixedly rubs mixed (Forced Mixing) two processes, and each mixing process running time is 3～5 minutes, and to guarantee that the material microcosmic is uniformly dispersed in the batching, steam press maintenance is adopted in the adobe maintenance, and the maintenance vapor pressure is 0.8～1.0Mpa.
Saidly extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaker's program processes such as sign indicating number base, vapor cure, be that the material after the Forced Mixing is delivered to the vacuum-extruder feed bin with belt, extrude by screw compulsory, be automatically cut into the standard brick size; Then the green compact of well cutting are delivered to the quiet chamber of stopping, look climatic condition and put 2～6h, carry out piling again; Send into steam-cured still after piling is accomplished and carry out vapor cure, entrucking is closed the still door after accomplishing, and starts the vacuum machine; Take out air in the still, open steam valve, slowly heat up; Began 2 hours, and 30 ℃ of control heat-up rate per half a hour, opened big steam after 2 hours; Control maintenance vapor pressure is 0.8～1MPa, and maintenance 6～8 hours obtains finished product.
The present invention with red mud and magnesium slag be main raw material, the non-burning brick prescription produced through extrusion moulding is: red mud: magnesium slag: active mineral material: the mass ratio of lime is 45～50:35～40:10～15:2～5.The active mineral material is one or more any mixture in blast furnace slag, yellow phosphorus furnace slag, the flyash, its SiO
2+ Al
2O
3>60%.Products obtained therefrom is pressed the test item sampling, carries out product performance and detects, and particularly the basic metal dissolution test is the scum test.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) build non-burning brick ratio with other red mud production, used red mud raw material moisture can be up to more than 65%, after simple sedimentation, can satisfy production requirement by the red mud of pipe-line transportation.
(2) do not have aggregate in the batching, available traditional vacuum-extruder is given birth to bad production, and is simple to operate, and product is prone to build by laying bricks or stones.
(3) compare with the conventional sintering brick, the green compact setting rate is fast, and the quiet curing time that stops is short, and occupied ground is few.
(4) make full use of the physical chemistry structure of red mud and magnesium slag, added an amount of active mineral material, under the exciting of lime; After vapor cure; Water soluble alkali has finally formed the feldspar structure, and finished product is the accumulation of salt in the surface soil not, has solved the difficult problem of the red mud baking-free building block accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
In a word, the present invention combines the practical situation that China aluminum oxide enterprise red mud amount is big, utilization ratio is low, makes full use of the composition structure and the chemical property of magnesium slag; Add an amount of active mineral material; With lime is exciting agent, through vapor cure, has finally formed the mineral structure that is the main body with ca aluminosilicate, hydrated calcium silicate, sodium silicoaluminate etc.; Solved the unburned material of construction accumulation of salt in the surface soil problem that traditional red mud is produced, its product performance meet standard brick MU10 specification of quality for building.Non-burning brick main raw material(s) is industrial residues such as red mud, magnesium slag, and the trade waste rate of utilization reaches 95%, help solving red mud, the magnesium slag muck is deposited the problem of environmental pollution of handling and bringing, for the recycling of red mud and magnesium slag has been opened up a new approach that utilizes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further elaboration, but technology contents of the present invention is not limited to said scope.
Embodiment 1:
Production is the non-burning brick of main raw material with red mud and magnesium slag, and its constituent is red mud, magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime.The mass ratio of red mud and magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime is 45:40:10:5; The active mineral material is by blast furnace slag, yellow phosphorus furnace slag and flyash, mixes by the mass ratio of 3:3:4.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of red mud and magnesium slag are produced non-burning brick method for the main raw material extrusion moulding, are earlier magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime to be carried out pre-treatment; Then by red mud: the magnesium slag: the active mineral material: the quality percentage of lime is 45:40:10:5; Being mixed with red mud obtains compound, and in compound, adds tap water, and the mass ratio of adjustment material and water is 100:35; Again through mix, extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaking operations such as sign indicating number base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.
The red mud that is adopted is the industrial residue (not doing any processing directly uses) in the alumina by sintering production process, the industrial residue of discharging when the magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL 99 in the silicothermic process.The active mineral material uses (SiO by the weight ratio collocation that blast furnace slag, electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag, the flyash of blast furnace ironmaking are pressed 3:3:4
2+ Al
2O
3=67%).Lime is the content of free calcium oxide＞65%, and total calcium oxide content＞80% meets the JC/T621-1996 silicate building products and uses unslaked lime.
Pre-treatment before the magnesium slag uses: with the magnesium slag pack into no loam cake, all around in the square basket of each sideband Φ 3 aperture; Side's basket is put on the maintenance dolly; Draw car and send into steam-cured still by moving; Utilize pressure for the saturation steam thermal treatment of 8MPa 5 hours, carry out grinding with Raymond mill behind release, the naturally cooling, to crossing 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size less than 10%; The pre-treatment of active mineral material and lime is: by the active mineral material: the mass ratio of lime is the 10:5 batching, and evenly back ageing 24 hours of mixing of materials is carried out grinding with small grinder then, and granularity was that 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size is less than 5%.
Mixing of compound comprises just mixed two processes of mixing of rubbing, to guarantee that the material microcosmic is uniformly dispersed in the batching.Just mix and select for use double-shaft horizontal to stir, churning time is 3 minutes, and then rubs with the forced double-axis kneader and mixes 5 minutes.Material after the Forced Mixing is delivered to the vacuum-extruder feed bin with belt, extrude, be automatically cut into the standard brick size by screw compulsory.The green compact of well cutting are delivered to the quiet chamber of stopping, put 2h naturally, carry out piling again; Send into steam-cured still after piling is accomplished and carry out vapor cure, entrucking is closed the still door after accomplishing, and starts the vacuum machine; Take out air in the still, open steam valve, slowly heat up; Began 2 hours, and 30 ℃ of control heat-up rate per half a hour, opened big steam after 2 hours; The control vapor pressure is 0.8MPa, and maintenance 8h obtains finished product.
By the blast furnace slag and the lime of prescription metering red mud, steam-cured grinding magnesium slag and proportional mixing ageing, ball milling, according to the moisture content of each feedstock analysis, making the batching moisture content is 35% of butt material.Total material is mixed through just mixing, rubbing, force to extrude, cutting, quietly stop, sign indicating number base, maintenance be product.
Product is put naturally and is carried out performance measurement: mean compressive strength 12.21MPa, average folding strength 2.77MPa after 3 days; Water-intake rate 9.27%, carbonization coefficient 82.00%, coefficient of softening 86.34%; 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 8.3%; Mass loss is 1.86%, vibration 24h, and the basic metal solubility rate is a 23.7mg/kg butt standard brick.
Embodiment 2: producing with red mud and magnesium slag is the non-burning brick of main raw material, and its constituent is red mud, magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime.The mass ratio of red mud and magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime is 45:35:15:5; The active mineral material is by blast furnace slag and flyash, and 2:1 mixes by quality.
Referring to Fig. 1; A kind of red mud and magnesium slag are that the main raw material extrusion moulding produces non-burning brick method, are earlier magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime to be carried out pre-treatment, then with them by red mud: magnesium slag: active mineral material: the mass percent=45:35:15:5 of lime is mixed and obtains compound; And water in compound, adding; Adjustment material and moisture mass ratio are 100:33, again through mix, extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaking operations such as yard base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.
The red mud that is adopted is the industrial residue (carrying out the simple physics sedimentation before the effect and handle, mainly is to isolate excessive moisture) in the Bayer process aluminum oxide production process, the industrial residue of discharging when the magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL 99 in the silicothermic process.The active mineral material is the blast furnace slag (Water Quenching Slag) and the flyash (flying dust that collect in waste gas the coal-burning power plant) of blast furnace ironmaking, presses the mass ratio collocation of 2:1 and uses (its SiO
2+ Al
2O
3=62%).Lime is the content of free calcium oxide＞65%, and total calcium oxide content＞80% meets the JC/T621-1996 silicate building products and uses unslaked lime.
Pre-treatment before the magnesium slag uses: with the magnesium slag pack into no loam cake, all around in the square basket of each sideband Φ 3 aperture; Side's basket is put on the maintenance dolly; Draw car and send into steam-cured still by moving; Utilize pressure to be 10MPa VT 3 hours, carry out grinding with Raymond mill behind the naturally cooling, granularity was that 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size is less than 10%; The pre-treatment of active mineral material and lime: by the active mineral material: lime quality through ageing 36 hours, carries out grinding with ball mill than mixing for 15:2, and granularity was a 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size less than 5% powder.
Mixing of compound comprises just mixed two processes of mixing of rubbing, and to guarantee that material is uniformly dispersed in the batching, stirs 5 minutes with the double-shaft horizontal stirrer earlier, then rubs with the twin shaft kneader and mixes 3 minutes.Material after the Forced Mixing is delivered to the vacuum-extruder feed bin with belt, extrude, be automatically cut into the standard brick size by screw compulsory; Then the green compact of well cutting are delivered to the quiet chamber of stopping, put 6h naturally, carry out piling again; Send into steam-cured still after piling is accomplished and carry out vapor cure, entrucking is closed the still door after accomplishing, and starts the vacuum machine; Take out air in the still, open steam valve, slowly heat up; Began 2 hours, and 30 ℃ of control heat-up rate per half a hour, opened big steam after 2 hours; The control vapor pressure is 0.9MPa, and maintenance 8 hours obtains finished product.
Product is put naturally and is carried out performance measurement: mean compressive strength 13.17MPa, average folding strength 3.13MPa after 3 days; Water-intake rate 8.66%, carbonization coefficient 81.87%, coefficient of softening 88.17%; 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 7.34%; Mass loss is 1.82%, vibration 24h, and the basic metal solubility rate is a 43.12mg/kg butt standard brick.
Embodiment 3:Production is the non-burning brick of main raw material with red mud and magnesium slag, and its constituent is red mud, magnesium slag, flyash, lime.The mass percent of red mud and magnesium slag, flyash, lime is 45:40:13:2.
Referring to Fig. 1; A kind of red mud and magnesium slag are produced non-burning brick method for the main raw material extrusion moulding; Earlier to the magnesium slag carry out thermal activation handle after in proportion with lime mixing ageing, grinding became 0.083 square hole sieve screen over-size less than 8% powder, then by red mud: magnesium slag: flyash: the mass ratio of lime is the 45:40:13:2 mixture; In compound, add tap water; The mass ratio of adjustment material and water is 100:32, again through mix, extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaking operations such as yard base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.
The red mud that is adopted is the industrial residue (need not handle direct use) in the mixed combining method aluminum oxide production process, the industrial residue of discharging when the magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL 99 in the silicothermic process.The active mineral material is flyash (solid waste that produces in the coal fired power generation process, SiO
2+ Al
2O
3=65%), lime is the content of free calcium oxide＞65%, and total calcium oxide content＞80% meets the JC/T621-1996 silicate building products and uses unslaked lime.
Pre-treatment before the magnesium slag uses; Be with the magnesium slag pack into no loam cake, all around in the square basket of each sideband Φ 3 aperture, side's basket is put on the maintenance dolly, draws car and sends into steam-cured still by moving; Utilize pressure to handle 4h for the 9MPa steam activation; Naturally cooling after the release carries out grinding with Raymond mill, and its granularity was that 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size is less than 10%; The pre-treatment of active mineral material and lime: press the mass ratio batching of active mineral material: lime=10:5, ageing is 36 hours after mixing, and carries out grinding with small grinder then, and its granularity was a 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size less than 5% powder.
Mixing of compound comprises just mixed two processes of mixing of rubbing, and to guarantee that material is uniformly dispersed in the batching, stirs 3 minutes with the double-shaft horizontal stirrer earlier, and then rubs with the twin shaft kneader and mixes 5 minutes.Extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaker's program processes such as sign indicating number base, vapor cure, be that the material after the Forced Mixing is delivered to the vacuum-extruder feed bin with belt, extrude by screw compulsory, be automatically cut into the standard brick size; Then the green compact of well cutting are delivered to the quiet chamber of stopping, put 4h naturally, carry out piling again; Send into steam-cured still after piling is accomplished and carry out vapor cure, entrucking is closed the still door after accomplishing, and starts the vacuum machine; Take out air in the still, open steam valve, slowly heat up; Began 2 hours, and 30 ℃ of control heat-up rate per half a hour, opened big steam after 2 hours; The control vapor pressure is 1MPa, and maintenance 6 hours obtains finished product.
By the blast furnace slag and the lime of prescription metering red mud, steam-cured grinding magnesium slag and proportional mixing ageing, ball milling, according to the moisture content of each feedstock analysis, making the batching moisture content is 35% of butt material.Total material is mixed through just mixing, rubbing, force to extrude, cutting, quietly stop, sign indicating number base, maintenance be product.
Product is put naturally and is carried out performance measurement: mean compressive strength 12.36MPa, average folding strength 2.87MPa after 3 days; Water-intake rate 9.32%, carbonization coefficient 83.67%, coefficient of softening 86.13%; 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 8.80%; Mass loss is 1.67%, vibration 24h, and the basic metal solubility rate is a 15.37mg/kg butt standard brick.
Embodiment 4: producing with red mud and magnesium slag is the non-burning brick of main raw material, and its constituent is red mud, magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime, and the mass ratio of red mud and magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime is 50:38:12:3; The active mineral material is by yellow phosphorus furnace slag and flyash, mixes by the weight ratio of 1:1.
Referring to Fig. 1; Should be that non-burning brick method is produced in the main raw material extrusion moulding with red mud and magnesium slag; Be earlier magnesium slag, electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag, flyash and lime to be carried out pre-treatment, then they pressed red mud: the magnesium slag: the butt mass ratio of electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag: flyash: lime=50:38:6:6:3, being mixed with red mud obtains compound; And the water of condensation that adding is reclaimed in compound; Adjustment material and moisture mass ratio are 100:34, again through mix, extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaking operations such as yard base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.
The red mud that is adopted is the industrial residue (through piling up drainage naturally) in the Bayer process aluminum oxide production process, the industrial residue of discharging when the magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL 99 in the silicothermic process.The active mineral material is that electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag and flyash use (its SiO by the weight ratio collocation of 1:1
2+ Al
2O
3=60%).Lime is the content of free calcium oxide＞65%, and total calcium oxide content＞80% meets the JC/T621-1996 silicate building products and uses unslaked lime.
Pre-treatment before the magnesium slag uses; Be with the magnesium slag pack into no loam cake, all around in the square basket of each sideband Φ 3 aperture; Side basket is put on the maintenance dolly, draws car and sends into steam-cured still by moving, and utilizes the 8MPa VT 4.5 hours; Carry out grinding with Raymond mill behind the naturally cooling, to crossing 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size less than 10%; The pre-treatment of active mineral material and lime, be with them by the electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag: the mass ratio of flyash: lime=6:6:3 mixes back ageing 48 hours, carries out grinding with ball mill then, to crossing the powder of 0.083mm square hole sieve surplus less than 5%.
Mixing of compound comprises just mixed two processes of mixing of rubbing, and to guarantee that material is uniformly dispersed in the batching, carries out just mixing 4 minutes with the double-shaft horizontal stirrer, rubs with the twin shaft malaxator and mixes 4 minutes.Extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaker's program processes such as sign indicating number base, vapor cure, be that the material after the Forced Mixing is delivered to the vacuum-extruder feed bin with belt, extrude by screw compulsory, be automatically cut into the standard brick size; Then the green compact of well cutting are delivered to the quiet chamber of stopping, put 3h naturally, carry out piling again; Send into steam-cured still after piling is accomplished and carry out vapor cure, entrucking is closed the still door after accomplishing, and starts the vacuum machine; Take out air in the still, open steam valve, slowly heat up; Began 2 hours, and 30 ℃ of control heat-up rate per half a hour, opened big steam after 2 hours; The control vapor pressure is 0.8MPa, keeps normal curing temperature and protects 7 hours, obtains finished product.
Product is put naturally and is carried out performance measurement: mean compressive strength 10.25MPa, average folding strength 2.53MPa after 3 days; Water-intake rate 8.76%, carbonization coefficient 84.50%, coefficient of softening 87.32%; 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 7.8%; Mass loss is 1.53%, vibration 24h, and the basic metal solubility rate is a 16.38mg/kg butt standard brick.
Claims (8)
1. red mud and magnesium slag are that non-burning brick method is produced in the main raw material extrusion moulding; It is characterized in that: with red mud and magnesium slag is that main raw material, active mineral material and lime are auxiliary material; Earlier magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime are carried out pre-treatment, they are mixed with red mud by a certain percentage obtains compound then, and adds moisture ratio in the process water adjustment compound; Again through mixes, extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaking operations such as yard base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.
2. produce non-burning brick method according to said red mud of claim 1 and magnesium slag for the main raw material extrusion moulding, it is characterized in that: in the compound, the mass ratio of red mud and magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime is: 45～50:35～40:10～15:2～5.
3. be that non-burning brick method is produced in the main raw material extrusion moulding according to claim 1 or 2 said red muds and magnesium slag; It is characterized in that: red mud is the industrial residue in sintering process or Bayer process, the mixed combining method aluminum oxide production process; The magnesium slag is the industrial residue that the Pidgeon process in the silicothermic process is discharged when producing MAGNESIUM METAL 99, and the active mineral material is blast furnace slag or the electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag of blast furnace ironmaking, the flyash that collect from waste gas the coal-burning power plant.
4. produce non-burning brick method according to said red mud of claim 3 and magnesium slag for the main raw material extrusion moulding; It is characterized in that: the blast furnace slag in the active mineral material, yellow phosphorus furnace slag, flyash; Can use separately, but also two or more collocation is used SiO separately or in the material of collocation back
2+ Al
2O
3>60%.
5. produce non-burning brick method according to said red mud of claim 1 and magnesium slag for the main raw material extrusion moulding; It is characterized in that: the pre-treatment before the magnesium slag uses; Be to handle 3～5 hours through 8～10MPa steam activation, naturally cooling, grinding became 0.083mm square hole sieve surplus less than 10% powder after the release; The pretreatment process of active mineral material and lime is: both are mixed back ageing 24～48 hours by mass percentage, and grinding became 0.083mm square hole sieve surplus less than 5% powder then.
6. produce non-burning brick method according to said red mud of claim 1 and magnesium slag for the main raw material extrusion moulding; It is characterized in that: in the compound; Material, quality be than for 100:32～35, the process water of adding be tap water or recovery middle water, contain alkali waste water, water of condensation.
7. produce non-burning brick method according to said red mud of claim 1 and magnesium slag for the main raw material extrusion moulding, it is characterized in that: the mixing process of compound comprises just mixed mixed two processes of rubbing, and each mixing process running time is 3～5 minutes.
8. produce non-burning brick method according to said red mud of claim 1 and magnesium slag for the main raw material extrusion moulding, it is characterized in that: brickmaking is 2～6h between the quiet stopping time of living adobe after extruding, cutting in producing; The vapor cure of adobe is carried out in steam-cured still, during operation, takes out air in the still earlier; Open steam valve again, slowly heat up, began 2 hours; 30 ℃ of control heat-up rate per half a hour, open big cap relief valve after 2 hours, the control vapor pressure is 0.8～1MPa; Keep normal curing temperature and protected 6～8 hours, obtain finished product.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108751641A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-06 | 河南建筑材料研究设计院有限责任公司 | A kind of red mud dealkalization waste liquid recycling technique and its corollary equipment |
| CN111233437A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-05 | 安徽工业大学 | Preparation method of non-efflorescence high-doping-amount red mud sintered brick |
| CN117964343A (en) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-05-03 | 河南人邦科技股份有限公司 | Sintered porous brick based on magnesium slag and sludge and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1844029A (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2006-10-11 | 武汉理工大学 | Red mud autoclaved brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN102093011A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-06-15 | 司密花 | Burning-free block brick prepared from bulky industrial waste residues |
| CN102093004A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-06-15 | 郭东京 | Composite tailing non-fired and non-steamed building block brick and preparation method thereof |
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2011
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1844029A (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2006-10-11 | 武汉理工大学 | Red mud autoclaved brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN102093011A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-06-15 | 司密花 | Burning-free block brick prepared from bulky industrial waste residues |
| CN102093004A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-06-15 | 郭东京 | Composite tailing non-fired and non-steamed building block brick and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108751641A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-06 | 河南建筑材料研究设计院有限责任公司 | A kind of red mud dealkalization waste liquid recycling technique and its corollary equipment |
| CN108751641B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2024-02-09 | 河南建筑材料研究设计院有限责任公司 | Recycling process of red mud dealkalized waste liquid and matched equipment thereof |
| CN111233437A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-05 | 安徽工业大学 | Preparation method of non-efflorescence high-doping-amount red mud sintered brick |
| CN117964343A (en) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-05-03 | 河南人邦科技股份有限公司 | Sintered porous brick based on magnesium slag and sludge and preparation method thereof |
| CN117964343B (en) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-06-11 | 河南人邦科技股份有限公司 | Sintered porous brick based on magnesium slag and sludge and preparation method thereof |
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