CN102379261A - Coral measuring device and coral measuring method - Google Patents
Coral measuring device and coral measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102379261A CN102379261A CN2011102160143A CN201110216014A CN102379261A CN 102379261 A CN102379261 A CN 102379261A CN 2011102160143 A CN2011102160143 A CN 2011102160143A CN 201110216014 A CN201110216014 A CN 201110216014A CN 102379261 A CN102379261 A CN 102379261A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coral measuring device and a coral method. The device comprises an image acquiring end, an image processing end and a fixing end, wherein the image processing end is connected with the image acquiring end and is used for processing obtained images and the fixing end is used for fixing the image acquiring end and is a support. A fixing position for fixing the image acquiring end is arranged at the upper end of the support. A scale and one or a plurality of level gauges are arranged at the lower end of the support. By adopting the coral measuring device and the coral measuring method, the underwater operating time can be greatly reduced, the complex underwater operation is simplified to be simple photographing operation, the underwater measurement process is changed to land computer operation and the image information is saved at the same time. Besides, the area of corals which cannot be measured by adopting a regular underwater method can be measured, the coral individuals are not touched during measurement and the damages to and the influences on the corals are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the coral-reef ecology research field, particularly a kind of coral measurement mechanism and measuring method thereof.
Background technology
Coral reef is that the marine organisms in the whole world 1/4th provide habitat and protection institute, and making the reef coral is the key function species in the coral reef ecologic system as the main reef-building organism that grows into coral reef.But along with continuous destruction and pollution, the influence of climatic variation and the outburst of harmful organisms of the mankind to marine resources, the area of coral reef has begun to reduce in worldwide.Make the reef coral and be put into " CITS " appendix II.Therefore, to making the ecological study of reef coral, and its protection and propagation become the focus of environment and ecosphere.
The size of corallite and coral coverage rate are indexs the most frequently used and basic in coral-reef ecology and the Physiologic Studies.The corallite size is the important biomolecule index that can be used to weigh coral development condition, time-to-live, breeding potential and a competitiveness, and it also is one of major criterion of measuring coral upgrowth situation and estimation coral biomass simultaneously.The index of the most frequently used corallite size has two kinds: a kind of be under the situation of overlooking with the long axis length of corallite with its vertical axial length as index; Another kind be under the situation of overlooking the area of corallite on the horizontal cross-section as index.
Method in international conventional subaqueous survey corallite size has two kinds, and a kind of is to utilize tape measure or ruler directly to measure under water, and data board or record-paper identifying recording layer under water.Whole underwater operation process will be very difficult when stormy waves or current are arranged for this kind method, and the operating time that needs is longer.Corallite is irregular, often is hemispherical or the shape of growing thickly, and this has not only increased difficulty for measuring, and has also increased the error of measuring simultaneously.And when calculating the coral area, can't directly obtain data, and can only be according to two axial length measuring, the area formula of substitution ellipse is with the area of estimation corallite, and it is big or small to obtain accurate area.
The coverage rate of reef coral is made in method that external favourable usefulness is taken pictures under water and related software measurement, and the next door that comparison is placed on when taking the coral that is taken, in order to estimate the method for corallite size.But utilize method for imaging to measure individual big or small not the appearing in the newspapers of coral.
At home, still there is not the method for utilizing the underwater photography commercial measurement to make reef corallite size.Underwater photography is utilized in record more and makes the reef kind, estimates and make reef coral coverage rate and make reef coral situation record aspect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind ofly to utilize underwater photography to measure corallite size and Method for Area quickly and easily and be applicable to the relevant apparatus of this method.
A kind of coral measurement mechanism and measuring method thereof proposed by the invention, its technical scheme comprises the steps:
A kind of coral measurement mechanism, said device comprises IMAQ end, image end for process and stiff end, said image end for process is connected with said IMAQ end; Be used to handle the image that obtains; Said stiff end is used for fixing said IMAQ end, and said stiff end is a support, and the support upper end is provided with the fixed bit of still image collection terminal; The lower end is provided with scale and one or more level meter; Said scale is used for the comparison as object to be measured, and scale is not must be graduated ruler, as long as the object or the mark of the known precise length that can in the photo of gained of taking pictures, show fully.
Between said scale and the support for being slidingly connected.Said scale is connected support bottom its horizontal plane of square frame as view-finder with glue fixing.
Said level meter comprises first level meter and second level meter, and the measurement axis of said first level meter and second level meter has angle, and it is parallel to each other or overlap that plane, said first level meter place, plane, second level meter place and scale belong to the plane.
Said IMAQ end fixed bit is a circular screwhole, fixes said IMAQ end on said fixed bit through screw.
Said IMAQ end is digital camera under water, and the used camera lens of the camera that is adopted can not can produce the camera lens of obvious deformation for wide-angle lens, fish eye lens or other form image.The resolution of photo was high more when camera was taken pictures, and precision is high more during measurement, and said image end for process is a calculator.
A kind of coral measuring method comprises holder device, IMAQ end and image end for process, and said holder device comprises scale and one or more level meter, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) scale is placed near the corallite to be measured, the individuality with scale and coral to be measured in the image acquisition process places on the same horizontal plane;
(2) keep said one or more level meters to be in level;
(3) the adjustment IMAQ end individuality of guaranteeing coral to be measured and scale form images clear;
(4) guarantee that corallite to be measured places the center of the visual field frame of IMAQ end, carries out IMAQ then;
(5) through the image end for process image of gathering is handled; Through the ratio of the number of pixels on scale and the length of the scale, calculate the major axis and the shaft length on the vertical direction of corallite to be measured and the area size that calculates corallite to be measured.
Said one or more level measurement axis has angle each other, and it is parallel to each other or overlap that said one or more level meters place horizontal plane and scale belong to horizontal plane.
The maximum cross section of scale and corallite to be measured is in same horizontal plane in the image acquisition process, or the maximum horizontal section place horizontal plane of scale place horizontal plane and corallite to be measured is parallel to each other, confirms maximum horizontal section according to range estimation.
When calculating the major axis of corallite to be measured, the axis of measurement from the edge of corallite through the central point of corallite to another edge of corallite, measuring vertical axis of orientation length then is measuring vertical in major axis and the axis through central point.
Calculate the area size of corallite to be measured; Earlier the image of gathering is amplified to predetermined value; Adopt image processing software ImageJ; Utilize the object establishment length scales of known length on the image to measure the length of straight line on the same image or the area in a certain zone, also can use other similar image processing software.
Relative prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
Can significantly reduce the operating time under water, and the underwater operation of complicacy is reduced to simply takes pictures, measuring process from transferring land computation under water to, and has been preserved image document simultaneously.Can measure the coral area that conventional method under water can't be measured in addition, and need not touch corallite when measuring, reduce injury and influence coral.。
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of the support of the stiff end of coral measurement mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of coral measuring method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is carried out detailed description.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of coral measurement mechanism, comprise and draw together IMAQ end, image end for process and stiff end; Said image end for process is connected with said IMAQ end, is used to handle the image that obtains, and said stiff end is used for fixing said IMAQ end; Said stiff end is a support, and the support upper end is provided with the fixed bit 1 of still image collection terminal, and the lower end is provided with scale 2; First level meter, 3, the second level meters 4, said scale 1 is used for the comparison as object to be measured.
The corallite size proposed by the invention and the device of area measurement, specific as follows:
A kind of coral measurement mechanism, said device comprises IMAQ end, image end for process and stiff end, said image end for process is connected with said IMAQ end; Be used to handle the image that obtains; Said stiff end is used for fixing said IMAQ end, and said stiff end is a support, and the support upper end is provided with the fixed bit of still image collection terminal; The lower end is provided with scale and one or more level meter, and said scale is used for the comparison as object to be measured.
For being slidingly connected, said scale is connected support bottom its horizontal plane of square frame as view-finder with glue fixing between said scale and the support.
Said level meter comprises first level meter and second level meter, and the measurement axis of said first level meter and second level meter has angle, and it is parallel to each other or overlap that plane, said first level meter place, second level meter place horizontal plane and scale belong to horizontal plane.
Said IMAQ end fixed bit is a circular screwhole, fixes said IMAQ end on said fixed bit through screw.
Said IMAQ end is digital camera under water or other shooting instruments, and said image end for process is a calculator.
As shown in Figure 2, the corallite size proposed by the invention and the flow chart of area measurement method.
Concrete measuring operation following steps:
The corallite that will take when step 3 is taken places the center of camera visual field frame, and will the maximum cross section of scale on the stiff end and corallite be placed on the same horizontal plane.To keep the bubble of two level meters all to be in the position of center simultaneously.
To guarantee during step 4 focusing that corallite is clear with the scale imaging, just can take then.
Step 5 utilizes relevant image software to handle the digital photograph that is obtained, and through with the scale of knowing length and the ratio of the number of pixels on the length of the scale, can extrapolate the major axis of the corallite that will measure and the shaft length on the vertical direction.
When step 6 is measured the major axis of corallite, the axis that as far as possible guarantee to measure from the edge of coral through the central point of corallite to another edge of corallite, measuring vertical axis of orientation length then is measuring vertical in major axis and the axis through central point.
Step 7 utilizes image software also can measure its area size through the scope of the corallite of delineation on the photo equally, will guarantee the delineation scope coral edge of will trying one's best during the coral of delineation on image as far as possible.
, camera to steelframe to guarantee in the step 1 that firmly camera can not shake when being installed on stiff end.The used camera lens of the camera that is adopted can not can produce the camera lens of obvious deformation for wide-angle lens, fish eye lens or other formation images.The resolution of photo was high more when camera was taken pictures, and precision is high more during measurement.
Scale on the steelframe described in the step 2 is not must be graduated ruler, can be the object or the mark of the known precise length that in the photo of gained of taking pictures, shows fully yet.
Image processing software in the step 5 can be free image processing software ImageJ; Its function has the object establishment length scales of utilizing known length on the image to measure the length of straight line on the same image or the area in a certain zone, also can use other similar image processing software.
Should photo be amplified to suitable size when utilizing software to measure on computers in the step 6,7, image is too small during measurement can increase measure error.
According to the method described above to the objects with different lengths measurement of taking pictures under water, and relatively its measurement result with the difference between the object physical length.The object size is in advance by slide measure duplicate measurements three times, with its mean value as its physical length.Bring article into seawater then,, take the article horizontal positioned in smooth seabed again, each article is taken three times.Behind the last water, with measuring in the gained photo importing computer and with software.The mean value and the error of the measurement result that obtains are as shown in the table:
| The underwater photography method is measured length (cm) | Vernier caliper measurement length (cm) | Mean error (%) |
| 19.46 | 19.98 | -2.61 |
| 14.83 | 15.01 | -1.24 |
| 10.07 | 10.10 | -0.29 |
| 7.62 | 7.61 | 0.12 |
| 0.23 | 0.24 | -1.98 |
The result and the error of the acquisition of table 1. subaqueous survey method
Can know that from table 1 error band of subaqueous survey method is between 2.61-0.12%, at the big (> 15cm of object) and less (< 0.23cm) time error become big, at the intermediate range time error below 1%.Because it is how big or small between 3-10cm to transplant corallite, so the error that the method is monitored for coral length is no more than 1%, this precision is enough to satisfy the needs of coral monitoring.Needed time when the method has effectively shortened subaqueous survey, the workload of underwater operation and the risk of underwater operation have been reduced.
Claims (10)
1. a coral measurement mechanism is characterized in that, said device comprises IMAQ end, image end for process and stiff end; Said image end for process is connected with said IMAQ end; Be used to handle the image that obtains, said stiff end is used for fixing said IMAQ end, and said stiff end is a support; The support upper end is provided with the fixed bit of still image collection terminal, and the lower end is provided with scale and one or more level meter.
2. coral measurement mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that, between said scale and the support for being slidingly connected or being fixedly connected.
3. coral measurement mechanism according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said level meter comprises first level meter and second level meter; The measurement axis of said first level meter and second level meter has angle, and it is parallel to each other or overlap that plane, said first level meter place, plane, second level meter place and scale belong to the plane.
4. coral measurement mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said IMAQ end fixed bit is a circular screwhole, and said IMAQ end is fixed on the said fixed bit through screw.
5. according to the described coral measurement mechanism of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that said IMAQ end is digital camera under water, said image end for process is a calculator.
6. a coral measuring method comprises holder device, IMAQ end and image end for process, and said holder device comprises scale and one or more level meter, it is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) scale is placed near the corallite to be measured, the individuality with scale and coral to be measured in the image acquisition process places on the same horizontal plane;
(2) keep said one or more level meters to be in level;
(3) the adjustment IMAQ end individuality of guaranteeing coral to be measured and scale form images clear;
(4) guarantee that corallite to be measured places the center of the visual field frame of IMAQ end, carries out IMAQ then;
(5) through the image end for process image of gathering is handled; Through the ratio of the number of pixels on scale and the length of the scale, calculate the major axis and the shaft length on the vertical direction of corallite to be measured and the area size that calculates corallite to be measured.
7. coral measuring method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said one or more level measurement axis have angle each other, and it is parallel to each other or overlap that said one or more level meters place horizontal plane and scale belong to horizontal plane.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described coral measuring methods, it is characterized in that the maximum horizontal section of scale and corallite to be measured is in same horizontal plane in the image acquisition process.
9. coral measuring method according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; When calculating the major axis of corallite to be measured; The axis of measuring from the edge of corallite through the central point of corallite to another edge of corallite, measuring vertical axis of orientation length then is measuring vertical in major axis and the axis through central point.
10. coral measuring method according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; When calculating the area size of corallite to be measured; Earlier the image of gathering is amplified to predetermined value, adopts image processing software, utilize the object establishment length scales of known length on the image to measure the length of straight line on the same image or the area in a certain zone.
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| CN110235808A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-09-17 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A method of diving investigation islands and reefs area coral section |
| CN110428163A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-08 | 广西大学 | A kind of coral reef habitat survey method and coral reef Habitat Complexity evaluation method |
| CN110761260A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-07 | 三峡大学 | Device for observing coral sand compaction and using method |
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| CN110761260A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-07 | 三峡大学 | Device for observing coral sand compaction and using method |
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