CN102378629B - 用于口部护理组合物的抗生物膜碳酸酯化合物 - Google Patents
用于口部护理组合物的抗生物膜碳酸酯化合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明包括通过群体感应抑制和/或杀菌活性抑制口部生物膜的生长和形成的口部护理组合物和方法。在一些实施方案中，本发明公开包括治疗有效量的至少一种式(1)碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物：其中，R1和R2独立是：脂肪族基团；羟基脂肪族基团；或芳基基团。在一些实施方案中，本发明公开提供口部护理益处的方法，其包括将含有治疗有效量的至少一种式(1)碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物施用于口腔。在一些实施方案中，本发明公开上调或下调牙周病代谢物的方法，其包括将含有治疗有效量的至少一种式(1)碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物施用于口腔。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及包含抑制牙菌斑和龋齿关联的内氏放线菌生长和生物膜形成的碳酸酯化合物的口部组合物。
发明背景
龋齿和牙周病是两种最常见的影响人类的慢性传染性疾病，总是与牙齿表面上形成为生物膜的牙菌斑关联。牙菌斑通过多种细菌的依次附着产生，这取决于涉及的物种和表面组成两者。内氏放线菌(A.naeslundii)是革兰氏阳性，棒状细菌，它们在占据口腔并移植于牙齿表面的第一物种中。内氏放线菌已在牙周病和根龋中涉及。
群体感应是在细菌细胞之间的细胞间通讯的方式，让细菌控制基因表达并响应于作为群体(group)的种群密度。占据口腔的细菌(包括内氏放线菌)使用群体感应***调节几种生理过程，包括外来DNA的整合、酸耐受、生物膜形成和毒性。因此，通过群体感应，内氏放线菌可优化其生理以适应环境刺激并可像集体一样行动，从而导致更好的宿主寄居，作为一个物种进化，改善对机械、物理和化学应激的响应。所以，生物膜中的细菌对抗微生物剂和宿主防御具有增大的抗性。
发明概述
本发明包括通过群体感应抑制和/或杀菌活性抑制口部生物膜生长和形成的口部护理组合物和方法。
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开包括治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物：
其中，
R1和R2独立是：脂肪族基团；羟基脂肪族基团或芳基基团。
在一些实施方案中，R1选自具有最多10个碳原子的环状或分支的脂肪族基团，R2选自直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团。在一些实施方案中，R1是未被取代的芳基基团，R2选自具有最多10个碳原子的直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团。
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开提供口部护理益处的方法，其包括将含有治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物施用于口腔。在一些实施方案中，口部护理益处包括生物膜抗附着、抗氧化剂和抗微生物益处。
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开上调或下调牙周病代谢物的方法，其包括将含有治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物施用于口腔。在一些实施方案中，口部护理组合物上调或下调至少一种选自下列的成员：由氨基酸代谢产生的化合物；在尿素循环中产生的化合物；在谷胱甘肽转化中产生的化合物；在脂质代谢中产生的化合物；在碳水化合物代谢中产生的化合物；由核酸代谢产生的化合物；维生素；和辅因子。
附图简述
图1显示本发明碳酸酯化合物的抗氧化剂功效。
发明详述
如各处所用，范围用作描述该范围内各个和每个数值的简略表达方式。在范围内的任何数值都可被选为范围的终点。此外，本文引用的所有参考文献都通过引用整体结合到本文中。
如本文所用，术语“生物膜形成”指微生物附着于表面和随后生长多个细胞层。
如本文所用，术语“牙菌斑”指在牙齿表面上发现，嵌入细菌和唾液来源的聚合物的基质的不同微生物群落(主要是细菌)。而且，“牙菌斑关联的内氏放线菌”指是牙菌斑组分的内氏放线菌。
如本文所用，术语“抑制”指至少减小牙菌斑关联的细菌(如内氏放线菌)生长和生物膜形成。
如本文所用，术语“口部护理”指影响口腔的疾病和病症或关联的医学病况的治疗性和预防性处理两者。口部疾病和病症包括，但不限于：龋齿；牙周病(如牙龈炎、成人牙周炎、早发型牙周炎等)；粘膜感染(如口部念珠菌病、单纯疱疹病毒感染、复发性口疮性溃疡等)；口癌和咽癌；和癌前病变。
如本文所用，术语“群体感应”指响应于细胞密度控制基因表达。细菌细胞利用分泌的信号分子在生物膜细胞间通讯。通常，***，包括内氏放线菌，利用小的肽作为效应子信号分子。
如本文所用，术语“治疗有效量”指足够高以为待治疗受试者的病况提供显著积极减轻的组合物量。本文所用的“治疗有效量”包括预防量(例如有效预防或防止龋齿和相关疾病及其症状的量)，和有效缓解或治愈龋齿、相关疾病和它们的症状的量。
如本文所用，“健康口部状况”指不存在牙龈炎和/或牙周病。
如本文所用，“牙周病”指牙周组织(包括牙龈或牙床组织；牙骨质或牙齿根部的外层；牙槽骨或牙齿锚定于其中的骨槽；和牙周韧带，所述牙周韧带是在牙骨质与牙槽骨之间延伸的***纤维)的炎症，包括牙龈炎。
本发明包括通过群体感应抑制和/或杀菌活性抑制口部生物膜生长和形成的口部护理组合物和方法。
I.口部护理组合物
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开提供口部健康护理益处的口部护理组合物。在一些实施方案中，本发明公开口部护理组合物，其提供至少一种选自下列的口部健康护理益处：口部生物膜抗附着、抗氧化剂和抗微生物益处。在一些实施方案中，本发明公开提供多种口部健康护理益处的口部护理组合物。在一些实施方案中，本发明公开提供包括口部生物膜抗附着、抗氧化剂和抗微生物益处的口部健康护理益处的口部护理组合物。
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物上调和/或下调至少一种牙周病代谢物。在一些实施方案中，本发明公开上调至少一种牙周病代谢物的口部护理组合物。在一些实施方案中，本发明公开下调至少一种牙周病代谢物的口部护理组合物。在一些实施方案中，本发明公开上调和/或下调多种牙周病代谢物的口部护理组合物。
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物适合用于口腔。在一些实施方案中，口部护理组合物适合通过口腔摄入。在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括但不限于：霜剂、凝胶剂、糊剂、泡沫、乳剂、悬浮剂、气雾剂、喷雾剂、漱口剂、药物、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、锭剂、片剂、糖果和口香糖。在一些实施方案中，口部护理组合物是洁牙剂组合物。在一些实施方案中，洁牙剂组合物是选自下列的成员：牙膏、凝胶剂、漱口剂、牙线、粉末、胶粘条、牙刷等。在一些实施方案中，本发明的洁牙剂组合物是牙膏。
A.碳酸酯化合物
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开包括治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物。适合用于本发明的碳酸酯化合物符合式1：
其中，
R1和R2独立是：脂肪族基团；羟基脂肪族基团；或芳基基团。
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物，其中R1和R2独立是：环状或分支的脂肪族基团；直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团；或未被取代的芳基基团。在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物，其中R1和R2独立是：具有最多10个碳原子的环状或分支的脂肪族基团；具有最多10个碳原子的直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团；或未被取代的芳基基团。
在一些实施方案中，R1是环状或分支的脂肪族基团。在一些实施方案中，R1是具有最多10个碳原子的环状或分支的脂肪族基团。在一些实施方案中，R1是具有5和10之间的碳原子的环状或分支的脂肪族基团。在一些实施方案中，R1是具有5和8之间的碳原子的环状或分支的脂肪族基团。在一些实施方案中，R1是芳香环。在一些实施方案中，R1是取代或未被取代的芳基基团。在一些实施方案中，R1是未被取代的芳基基团。
在一些实施方案中，R2是直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团。在一些实施方案中，R2是具有最多10个碳原子的直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团。在一些实施方案中，R2是具有6和10之间的碳原子的直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团。
在一些实施方案中，R1选自具有最多10个碳原子的环状或分支的脂肪族基团，R2选自直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团。在一些实施方案中，R1是未被取代的芳基基团，R2选自具有最多10个碳原子的直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团。
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物，其中至少一种碳酸酯化合物是：
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物，其中所述至少一种碳酸酯化合物是：
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物，其中所述至少一种碳酸酯化合物是：
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括0.05重量％-5重量％的治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物。在一些实施方案中，所述至少一种碳酸酯化合物以0.1重量％-1.5重量％的有效量存在。在一些实施方案中，所述至少一种碳酸酯化合物以0.3重量％-1.2重量％的有效量存在。
B.赋形剂
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括至少一种赋形剂。适合用于本发明的赋形剂包括常规用于口部护理组合物且不改变式1碳酸酯化合物功效的任何化合物。
用于本发明口部组合物的合适的赋形剂可选自：防腐剂、研磨剂(光滑剂)、其它抗菌剂、炎症抑制剂、刺激预防剂、刺激抑制剂、其它抗微生物剂、抗氧化剂、粘合剂、(矿物)填充剂、缓冲剂、载体材料、螯合剂(螯合物形成剂)、清洁剂、护理剂、表面活性物质、乳化剂、酶、起泡剂、泡沫稳定剂、泡沫促进剂、胶凝化剂、凝胶形成剂、漂白剂、嗅觉-和/或味觉-调节剂、嗅觉-和/或味觉-减弱剂、嗅觉-和/或味觉-增强剂、增塑剂、(粘膜)/皮肤冷却剂(冷却物质)、(粘膜)/皮肤安抚剂、(粘膜)/皮肤清洁剂、(粘膜)/皮肤护理剂、(粘膜)/皮肤康复剂、粘膜-保护剂、稳定剂、悬浮剂、维生素、着色剂、颜色保护剂、颜料、表面活性剂、电解质、硅酮衍生物、多元醇、碳酸钙、磷酸氢钙、氧化铝、氟化物、锌、锡、钾、钠和锶盐、焦磷酸盐、羟磷灰石。
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括至少一种赋形剂，其中所述至少一种赋形剂选自：表面活性剂、脱敏剂、增白剂、牙石控制剂、抗菌剂、研磨剂包括二氧化硅、粘合剂和增稠剂、去污剂、粘着剂、泡沫调节剂、pH改性剂、口感剂、甜味剂、调味剂、着色剂、防腐剂，它们的组合等。
1.调味剂
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括调味剂。在一些实施方案中，调味剂是选自下列的成员：粘膜冷却剂、粘膜加温剂、刺激性口味物质、甜味剂、糖替代品、有机或无机酸化剂(如苹果酸、乙酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、磷酸)、苦味素(如奎宁、咖啡因、柠檬苦素、苦杏苷、葎草酮(humolones)、蛇麻酮(lupolones)、儿茶酚、丹宁酸)、可食用的矿物盐(如氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化镁和磷酸钠)、精油(如绿薄荷、薄荷、冬青、黄樟、丁香、鼠尾草、桉树、马郁兰、肉桂、柠檬、白柠檬、葡萄柚和橙的油)、薄荷醇、香芹酮、茴香脑和它们的组合。
2.研磨剂
适合用于本发明的研磨剂包括二氧化硅材料，特别是硅胶和沉淀的非晶二氧化硅，其吸油值小于100cc/100g二氧化硅且优选在45cc/100g-小于70cc/100g二氧化硅范围。吸油值用ASTM Rub-OutMethod D281测量。在本发明的实施中特别有用的低吸油二氧化硅研磨剂以商业标志Sylodent
XWA(Davison Chemical Division of W.R.Grace&Co.，Baltimore，Md.21203)销售。Sylodent
650XWA，一种由直径平均为7-10微米、含水量为29％重量和吸油小于70cc/100g二氧化硅的胶态二氧化硅颗粒组成的二氧化硅水凝胶，是在本发明的实施中有用的低吸油二氧化硅研磨剂的优选实例。另一种在本发明的实施中特别有用的低吸油二氧化硅研磨剂以商业标志DP-105TM(J.M.Huber Chemicals Division，Havre de Grace，Md.21078)销售，它是平均粒径分布为5-12微米和吸油为50-70cc/100g范围的沉淀的非晶二氧化硅。在本发明的实施中可以使用的其它研磨剂包括平均粒径为最多20微米的沉淀二氧化硅，比如Zeodent
115(J.M.Huber ChemicalsDivision，Havre de Grace，Md.21078)或Sylodent
783(DavisonChemical Division of W.R.Grace&Company)、偏磷酸钠、偏磷酸钾、磷酸三钙、二水合磷酸二钙、硅酸铝、煅烧氧化铝、膨润土或其它硅土材料或它们的组合。
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括研磨剂赋形剂。在一些实施方案中，研磨剂赋形剂是二氧化硅材料。在一些实施方案中，二氧化硅材料是平均粒径为3微米-12微米范围的胶态颗粒。在一些实施方案中，当作为5重量％浆料测量时，胶态颗粒具有5-10微米范围的平均粒径和4-10优选6-9的pH范围。在一些实施方案中，二氧化硅材料是低吸油二氧化硅研磨剂。在一些实施方案中，低吸油二氧化硅研磨剂以5重量％-40重量％的浓度存在于本发明的口部护理组合物中。在一些实施方案中，低吸油二氧化硅研磨剂以10重量％-30重量％的浓度存在。
在一些实施方案中，研磨剂赋形剂是选自下列的成员：硅酸、碳酸钙、磷酸钙、氧化铝和/或羟磷灰石、偏磷酸钠、偏磷酸钾、磷酸三钙、二水合磷酸二钙、硅酸铝、煅烧氧化铝、膨润土、表面活性物质(如月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基肌氨酸钠和椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱)及其它硅土材料和它们的组合。
在一些实施方案中，研磨剂赋形剂可以各自作为唯一的研磨剂或与其它已知的洁牙剂研磨剂组合用于制备本发明的口部护理组合物。在一些实施方案中，本发明洁牙剂组合物中存在的研磨剂赋形剂的总量是5重量％-60重量％。在一些实施方案中，当洁牙剂组合物是牙膏时，研磨剂赋形剂以10重量％-55重量％重量的量存在。
3.抗微生物剂
适合用于本发明的抗微生物剂包括非离子抗菌剂，包括卤代二苯醚化合物比如2，4，4′-三氯代-2′-羟基二苯醚(三氯生)和2，2′-二羟基-5，5′-二溴代二苯醚。其它有用的非离子抗菌剂包括酚类化合物包括苯酚及其同系物、单和多烷基和芳香族卤代酚、间苯二酚及其衍生物和双酚化合物，这些酚类化合物更全面地公开于美国专利号5,368,844，其公开通过引用结合到本文中。
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括抗微生物剂。在一些实施方案中，抗微生物剂是选自下列的成员：三氯生、氯己定及其盐(如其乙酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐或盐酸盐)、过氧化物、酚及其盐、度米芬(杜灭芬)、溴氯芬、Zn盐、叶绿素、Cu盐、葡萄糖酸Cu、Cu叶绿素、月桂基硫酸钠、季单铵盐比如椰油脂肪族苄基二甲基氯化铵或者还有吡啶鎓盐比如十六烷基氯化吡啶鎓和它们的组合。
在一些实施方案中，抗微生物剂是非离子抗菌剂。在一些实施方案中，非离子抗菌剂以0.10重量％-5重量％的浓度包括在洁牙剂组合物中。在一些实施方案中，非离子抗菌剂以0.3重量％-1.2重量％的量存在。
4.抗龋剂
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部组合物包括抗龋剂。在一些实施方案中，抗龋剂是选自下列的氟化物离子来源：无机氟化物盐比如可溶性碱金属、碱土金属盐(如氟化钠、氟化钾、氟化铵、氟化钙)、铜氟化物比如氟化亚铜、氟化锌、氟化钡、氟硅酸钠、氟硅酸铵、氟锆酸钠、氟锆酸铵、单氟磷酸钠、单氟磷酸铝和二氟磷酸铝、氟化焦磷酸钙钠和它们的组合。
5.洁牙剂载体
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括口部可接受的洁牙剂载体。在一些实施方案中，洁牙剂载体包括其中的保湿剂。适合用于本发明的保湿剂包括甘油、山梨醇、木糖醇和/或分子量在200-1,000范围的丙二醇。如本文所用，“山梨醇”指典型地作为70％水性溶液市售可得的材料。在一些实施方案中，保湿剂浓度是口部组合物的5重量％-70重量％。
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括水。用于制备市场上合适的牙膏的水应优选去离子且不含有机杂质。在一些实施方案中，水以口部组合物15重量％-30重量％的量存在。在一些实施方案中，水以10重量％的量存在。在一些实施方案中，这些水量包括除了用其它材料(比如用山梨醇)引入的水之外加入的自由水。
6.表面活性剂
适合用于本发明组合物的表面活性剂包括能够实现增大的预防作用并使口部护理组合物在美观上更可接受的任何材料。表面活性剂优选为赋予口部护理组合物去污和发泡性质的去污材料。
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括表面活性剂。在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括表面活性剂的组合。在一些实施方案中，表面活性剂是阴离子表面活性剂包括高级烷基硫酸盐比如月桂基硫酸钠。在一些实施方案中，表面活性剂是选自下列的酶相容表面活性剂：非阴离子聚氧乙烯表面活性剂比如Pluronic
F127、Polyoxamer 407、Steareth 30、Polysorbate 20；和两性表面活性剂比如椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱和椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱月桂基糖苷。在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部组合物包括表面活性剂或表面活性剂的组合，在洁牙剂组合物中总的表面活性剂浓度为2重量％-10重量％。在一些实施方案中，表面活性剂或表面活性剂组合以按重量计3.5重量％-6.5重量％的量存在。
7.抗牙石剂
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括抗牙石剂。在一些实施方案中，抗牙石剂选自：焦磷酸盐包括二碱金属或四碱金属焦磷酸盐比如Na4P2O7、K4P2O7、Na2K2P2O7、Na2H2P2O7和K2H2P2O7；三聚磷酸钠；长链聚磷酸盐比如六偏磷酸钠；和环状磷酸盐比如三偏磷酸钠。在一些实施方案中，抗牙石剂以1重量％-5重量％的浓度存在于本发明洁牙剂组合物中。
8.增稠剂
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部护理组合物包括增稠剂。在一些实施方案中，增稠剂选自但不限于：碳酸钙、二氧化钛、二氧化硅、滑石、氧化铝、磷酸二钙、磷酸三钙、氢氧化镁、纤维素增稠剂(比如羧甲基纤维素、羟基烷基纤维素比如羟丙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素)、树胶比如黄原胶、聚二醇和聚乙二醇、无机增稠剂(如非晶二氧化硅化合物、天然和合成的粘土、硅酸镁锂和硅酸铝镁)和它们的组合。
在一些实施方案中，增稠剂是选自下列有机增稠剂：天然和合成的树胶和胶体包括纤维素增稠剂比如羧甲基纤维素；羟基烷基纤维素比如羟丙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素；树胶比如黄原胶；以商品名PolyoxTM销售的不同分子量的聚二醇；和聚乙二醇。在一些实施方案中，增稠剂是选自下列的无机增稠剂：非晶二氧化硅化合物比如胶态二氧化硅化合物，它们可以以商业标志Cab-o-Sil
(由CabotCorporation制造并由Lenape Chemical，Bound Brook，N.J.分销)；Zeodent
165(J.M.Huber Chemicals Division，Havre de Grace，Md.21078)；Sylodent
15(Davison Chemical Division of W.R.GraceCorporation，Baltimore，Md.21203)获得；天然和合成的粘土；硅酸镁锂(Laponite)；和硅酸铝镁(Veegum)。在一些实施方案中，增稠剂以0.1重量％-10重量％的量存在于本发明的洁牙剂组合物中。在一些实施方案中，增稠剂以0.5重量％-4.0重量％的量存在。
9.抗氧化剂
在一些实施方案中，本发明的口部组合物包括抗氧化剂。在一些实施方案中，抗氧化剂选自：天然存在的生育酚及其衍生物(如维生素E乙酸酯)、维生素C及其盐和衍生物(如抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、Mg抗坏血酸磷酸酯、抗坏血酸乙酸酯)、维生素A和衍生物(维生素A棕榈酸酯)、生育三烯酚、类黄酮、α-羟酸(如柠檬酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸)及其Na、Ka和Ca盐、类黄酮、槲皮苷、酚的苄胺、没食子酸丙酯、没食子酸辛酯、没食子酸十二酯、丁羟基苯甲醚(BHA，E320)、丁羟基甲苯(BHT，2，6-二叔丁基-4-甲酚，E321)、卵磷脂、用柠檬酸酯化的食用脂肪酸的甘油单酯和甘油二酯、类胡萝卜素、胡萝卜素(如α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素)及其衍生物、植酸、乳铁蛋白、EDTA、EGTA)、叶酸及其衍生物、泛醌和泛醇及其衍生物、阿魏酸及其衍生物、锌及其衍生物(如ZnO、ZnSO4)、硒及其衍生物(如蛋氨酸硒)、正磷酸盐和单磷酸的Na、K和Ca盐，和从植物(如茶、绿茶、藻类、葡萄籽、麦芽、甘菊、迷迭香、牛至)分离的它们的成分、提取物和馏分，和它们的组合。
II.提供口部护理益处的方法
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开提供口部护理益处的方法，其包括将含有治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部组合物施用于口腔。在一些实施方案中，口部护理益处包括生物膜抗附着、抗氧化剂和抗微生物益处。在一些实施方案中，提供口部护理益处的方法包括将如先前在以上部分讨论的包括治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部组合物施用于口腔。
A.口部生物膜抗附着
口部生物膜(包含细菌、细菌细胞外副产物、蛋白质、脂质和糖脂)是在口部表面上形成的为牙垢或牙石形成提供场所的基质。
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开提供口部生物膜抗附着益处的方法。在一些实施方案中，提供的口部生物膜抗附着益处包括由式1碳酸酯化合物造成的群体感应抑制。在一些实施方案中，提供的口部生物膜抗附着益处包括式1碳酸酯化合物与口部细菌相互作用使其不能附着于口部表面。在一些实施方案中，式1碳酸酯化合物与口部细菌表面上的黏附素、配体或其它部分(它们通常会促进与口部表面上的受体或其它部分的连接)相互作用。在一些实施方案中，提供的口部生物膜抗附着益处包括式1碳酸酯化合物与口部表面相互作用以形成保护层，以便细菌和生物膜组分不能粘附于口部或牙齿表面，从而预防在口部表面上形成初始锚定层。在一些实施方案中，式1碳酸酯化合物可基本覆盖口部表面，预防细菌和生物膜基质其它组分的附着。
用结晶紫试验(SOP No.ATO-5345-00)在384孔板中在0.0004-2500ppm浓度范围研究包括治疗有效量的至少一种本发明碳酸酯化合物的口部组合物的口部生物膜抗附着益处。
B.抗氧化剂
氧化是将电子从一种物质转移至氧化剂的化学反应，可产生引发组织损伤链式反应和炎症的自由基。氧化应激是反应性氧的产生与生物***容易地使反应性中间体解毒或修复造成的损伤的能力之间失衡的结果，可能是许多疾病病况的重要因素。抗氧化剂是能够减慢或预防其它分子的氧化的还原剂。
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开提供抗氧化剂益处的方法。在一些实施方案中，提供的抗氧化剂益处包括式1碳酸酯化合物终止自由基链式反应。在一些实施方案中，式1碳酸酯化合物除去自由基中间体。在一些实施方案中，式1碳酸酯化合物通过自身被氧化而不产生自由基而抑制其它氧化反应。在一些实施方案中，式1碳酸酯化合物提供可与现有抗氧化剂相比的抗氧化剂益处功效。在一些实施方案中，式1碳酸酯化合物提供可与维生素E相比的抗氧化剂益处功效。
用脂质过氧化物酶试验(Kamiaya Biomedical Co.，Seattle，WA)测定抗氧化剂活性，该试验是测量氢过氧化枯烯基团的还原的比色法。
C.抗微生物
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开提供抗微生物益处的方法。在一些实施方案中，提供的抗微生物益处包括式1碳酸酯化合物扰乱微生物质膜的脂质部分。在一些实施方案中，式1碳酸酯化合物改变微生物膜渗透性导致细胞内物质泄漏和细胞死亡。在一些实施方案中，式1碳酸酯化合物跨过微生物细胞膜，渗入细胞内部并与抗微生物活性关键的细胞内位置相互作用。在一些实施方案中，提供的抗微生物益处包括式1碳酸酯化合物抑制口部生物膜的形成。
根据用于测定最小抑制浓度(MIC)的SOP No.ATO-5308-00测量抗微生物试验。
III.调节牙周病代谢物的方法
齿龈沟液中的牙周病代谢物与健康和/或牙周病口部病况相符，允许口部健康的区别诊断。牙周病代谢物可选自：由氨基酸代谢产生的化合物；在尿素循环中产生的化合物；在谷胱甘肽转化中产生的化合物；在脂质代谢中产生的化合物；在碳水化合物代谢中产生的化合物；由核酸代谢产生的化合物；维生素；和辅因子。
本文描述的牙周病代谢物用代谢剖面(metabolomic profiling)技术发现。这样的代谢剖面技术描述于美国专利号7,005,225和7,329,489；和美国专利申请号11/357,732、11/301,077(公开号2006/0134676)；11/301,078(公开号2006/0134677)；11/301,079(公开号2006/0134678)和11/405,033(公开号2007/0072203)；特此通过引用将其整个内容并入。
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开上调或下调牙周病代谢物的方法，包括将含有治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物施用于口腔。在一些实施方案中，被上调或下调的代谢物是至少一种选自下列的化合物：由氨基酸代谢产生的化合物；在尿素循环中产生的化合物；在谷胱甘肽转化中产生的化合物；在脂质代谢中产生的化合物；在碳水化合物代谢中产生的化合物；由核酸代谢产生的化合物；维生素；和辅因子。
A.上调
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开上调牙周病代谢物的方法。在一些实施方案中，上调牙周病代谢物的方法包括将含有治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物施用于口腔。在一些实施方案中，上调牙周病代谢物的方法包括将如先前在以上部分讨论的包括治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部组合物施用于口腔。在一些实施方案中，口部护理组合物上调至少一种选自下列的代谢物：尿酸、还原的谷胱甘肽、氧化的谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸和谷氨酰胺。
B.下调
在一些实施方案中，本发明公开下调牙周病代谢物的方法。在一些实施方案中，下调牙周病代谢物的方法包括将含有治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物施用于口腔。在一些实施方案中，下调牙周病代谢物的方法包括将如先前在以上部分讨论的包括治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部组合物施用于口腔。在一些实施方案中，口部护理组合物下调至少一种选自下列的代谢物：肌苷、次黄嘌呤、鸟苷、鸟嘌呤、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸、苯乙酸、α-羟基异己酸、5-氨基戊酸、胆碱、甘油-3-磷酸酯和N-乙酰基神经氨酸。
实施例
实施例1
表1.一组三种含有碳酸酯部分的化合物的结构信息和抗生物膜/杀菌活性的概述。
实施例2
配制在牙膏中的本发明碳酸酯化合物可具有上调或下调至少一种选自下列的成员的能力：由氨基酸代谢产生的化合物；在尿素循环中产生的化合物；在谷胱甘肽转化中产生的化合物；在脂质代谢中产生的化合物；在碳水化合物代谢中产生的化合物；由核酸代谢产生的化合物；维生素；和辅因子。
化合物58
如在以上说明书和实施例中讨论，用配制在牙膏中的化合物58接触口腔可下调一种或多种下列代谢物的产生：肌苷、次黄嘌呤、鸟苷、鸟嘌呤、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸、苯乙酸、α-羟基异己酸、5-氨基戊酸、胆碱、甘油-3-磷酸酯和N-乙酰基神经氨酸。
用配制在牙膏中的化合物58接触口腔可上调一种或多种下列代谢物的产生：尿酸、还原的谷胱甘肽、氧化的谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸和谷氨酰胺。
化合物59
如在以上说明书和实施例中讨论，用配制在牙膏中的化合物59接触口腔可下调一种或多种下列代谢物的产生：肌苷、次黄嘌呤、鸟苷、鸟嘌呤、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸、苯乙酸、α-羟基异己酸、5-氨基戊酸、胆碱、甘油-3-磷酸酯和N-乙酰基神经氨酸。
用配制在牙膏中的化合物59接触口腔可上调一种或多种下列代谢物的产生：尿酸、还原的谷胱甘肽、氧化的谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸和谷氨酰胺。
化合物60
如在以上说明书和实施例中讨论，用配制在牙膏中的化合物60接触口腔可下调一种或多种下列代谢物的产生：肌苷、次黄嘌呤、鸟苷、鸟嘌呤、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸、苯乙酸、α-羟基异己酸、5-氨基戊酸、胆碱、甘油-3-磷酸酯和N-乙酰基神经氨酸。
用配制在牙膏中的化合物60接触口腔可上调一种或多种下列代谢物的产生：尿酸、还原的谷胱甘肽、氧化的谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸和谷氨酰胺。
Claims (14)
1.一种口部护理组合物，其包含治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂：
其中，
R1是具有5和10之间的碳原子的环状或分支的脂肪族基团或未被取代的芳基基团，R2是具有6和10之间的碳原子的直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团，
且其中所述口部护理组合物具有下列口部护理益处的至少一种：
抗微生物活性、
抗氧化剂活性、
和生物膜抗附着活性。
2.权利要求1的口部护理组合物，其中R1是具有5和10之间的碳原子的环状或分支的脂肪族基团。
3.权利要求1的口部护理组合物，其中R1是未被取代的芳基基团。
4.一种口部护理组合物，其包含治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂：
其中，
R1是未被取代的芳基基团，R2是具有6和10之间的碳原子的直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团。
5.一种口部护理组合物，其包含治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂：
其中，
R1是具有5和10之间的碳原子的分支的脂肪族基团，R2是具有6和10之间的碳原子的直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团。
6.权利要求1的口部护理组合物，其中所述至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物是：
7.权利要求1或权利要求4的口部护理组合物，其中所述至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物是：
8.权利要求1或权利要求5的口部护理组合物，其中所述至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物是：
9.权利要求1或权利要求4的口部护理组合物，其中所述至少一种赋形剂选自：表面活性剂、脱敏剂、增白剂、牙石控制剂、抗菌剂、研磨剂、粘合剂、增稠剂、去污剂、粘着剂、泡沫调节剂、pH改性剂、口感剂、着色剂、防腐剂及它们的组合。
10.权利要求9的口部护理组合物，其中所述研磨剂是二氧化硅。
11.权利要求9的口部护理组合物，其中所述口感剂为甜味剂。
12.权利要求9的口部护理组合物，其中所述口感剂为调味剂。
13.含有治疗有效量的至少一种式1碳酸酯化合物和至少一种赋形剂的口部护理组合物在制备药物中的用途，所述药物用于提供口部护理益处：
其中，
R1是具有5和10之间的碳原子的环状或分支的脂肪族基团或未被取代的芳基基团，R2是具有6和10之间的碳原子的直链或分支的羟基脂肪族基团；
且其中口部护理益处包含抗微生物活性和/或抗氧化剂活性。
14.权利要求13的用途，其中口部护理益处包含生物膜抗附着。
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| AU2009343748A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
| EP2413927A1 (en) | 2012-02-08 |
| SG173744A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
| US8617523B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
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