CN1023720C - Continuous chromium plating for super long shaft and its apparatus - Google Patents
Continuous chromium plating for super long shaft and its apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1023720C CN1023720C CN 91101734 CN91101734A CN1023720C CN 1023720 C CN1023720 C CN 1023720C CN 91101734 CN91101734 CN 91101734 CN 91101734 A CN91101734 A CN 91101734A CN 1023720 C CN1023720 C CN 1023720C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a surface chromium plating for a super long shaft type part and an appliance thereof. The present invention is characterized in that the traditional mode that the chromium plating process of the large-sized super long shaft type part needs to be carried out in a corresponding large-sized plating groove is changed, a cathode rotating shaft directional moving super long shaft type continuous chromium plating method is adopted, a normal chromium plating working procedure is simplified by a purpose-made combination chromium plating device, and a plated piece can penetrate through the groove under the states of rotation and axial movement to form a continuous flow operation. Therefore, various precision requirements of the size chromium plating process of the super long shaft type part are ensured and achieved.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of electrolysis process method and equipment of plating, be specially adapted to the chrome-faced of Super Long-axles class.
In existing technology, conventional groove plating electrolytic process is generally adopted in workpiece surface chromium plating, that is: one of preparation and the corresponding vertical coating bath of plating piece length are equipped with electrolytic solution in the groove, and workpiece employing " sus-pension " enters carries out chromium plating in the coating bath.This kind method and apparatus generally is applicable to medium and small workpiece, and can't adapt to for the chrome-faced of large-scale over-long axial workpiece.This is because for the axial workpiece of overlength, if according to the groove of routine plating method, not only need a cover and the corresponding large vertical coating bath of workpiece to be plated length, simultaneously, must be equipped with supporting auxiliary facility of corresponding large electric appliances and specific factory building and place etc.And because coating bath is tall and big, groove depth, the one, change electrolytic solution, it is very inconvenient to fish for sediment and anode purge, the 2nd, the leadwork of trough inwall can't be fixed, make very difficultly, need a large amount of electrolytic solution in the coating bath, the plating of workpiece beginning, solution heats up very difficult, and workpiece is in chrome-plating process, owing to need tens thousand of ampere electric current work, the temperature rise of coating bath solution is uncontrollable like this.Very difficult at overlength part plating back ground finish in addition, must carry out the singularity of plating chromium, therefore, if continue to prolong with conventional groove plating method, not only expensive big, and for workpiece to be plated in tolerance of dimension and form tolerance, all being difficult to qualitatively of roughness and coating is guaranteed, and do not reach required processing requirement.
At above-mentioned existing technical deficiency, must in corresponding large-scale coating bath, carry out chromed traditional way when the objective of the invention is to change the chromium plating of large-scale over-long axial workpiece, continuous chrome-plating method of a kind of Super Long-axles class and equipment are provided, can carry out plating chromium to the outside surface of the Super Long-axles of different diameter, and can satisfy and guarantee the every accuracy requirement and the quality of coating of plating piece, this processing method is stable, device structure is simple, the level of automation height, cost is low, less investment.
Solving the scheme that purpose of the present invention takes is: utilize special chrome plating equipment, adopt the rotation of (workpiece) negative electrode, axially movable " continuous chromium plating " is under the prerequisite that guarantees quality of coating, to plate pretreatment procedure merges into a single whole with chromium plating, carry out continuously, form the automatic streamline operation, its chrome-plated process process is: deoil-clean-acid-wash activation-rinse water oxygen protects-gives thermal activation-chromium plating-wash down-polish.Workpiece is through after giving processing, the two ends of workpiece are loaded onto and are led rod, one end is under the control of drive speed-adjusting mechanism, and the logical direct current negative pole of going up is by the directed rotation of certain parameter, at the uniform velocity mobile, pass to have and comprise: the oil removing acid-wash activation, the associated plant of chromium plating operation is at nominal in the time, move out groove, can finish the chromed whole process of workpiece.
The principal character of chrome-plating method is among the present invention:
1, owing to is that workpiece is carried out plating chromium, need not correct grinding after the plating, therefore used coating bath is the combination coating bath, program according to the requirement and the work of operation, oil removing groove, pickling tank and plating tank are connected as a single entity, workpiece adopts the mode of laterally wearing groove and crossing, and has changed vertical suspension state type in the past.In chrome-plating process, workpiece is under the control of drive speed-adjusting mechanism, according to the directed rotation of face amount parameter, at the uniform velocity move axially, uneven and the coating became uneven of influence of the electric force lines distribution brought when eliminating workpiece chromium plating with this, the phenomenon in the ellipse garden of workpiece reaches the uniform purpose of coating.
2, in chrome-plating process, the setting of the two ends of workpiece is fitted with leads rod, and drawing before plating as workpiece and after plating plates partly and tail plating part.Because workpiece each part of being plated is in uniform rotation and moves axially under the state and carry out, and the distance between the anode and cathode is invariable, therefore, in chromed whole process, the two ends of workpiece and middle portion, all be in factors such as distances between quilt plating time, current density, electric force lines distribution, temperature, the anode and cathode and carry out under the identical optimal processing parameter condition, guarantee the uniformity coefficient of any position of workpiece coating with this.
3, in chrome-plating process because the required current density of chromium plating is than big many of other plating, so the conduction of workpiece connect must be good, otherwise it is bad that the contact conduction can take place, even the phenomenon that workpiece surface is burnt out.In the present invention, workpiece is to wear groove and mistake in coating bath, for satisfying existing rotation axially movable working order requirement is arranged again, connect electric mode and adopt the brush electrically conducting manner, this brush is with containing an amount of metal and the moderate graphite crystal block of hardness, and the current parameters of processing requirement divides two to be processed into corresponding cambered surface during according to diameter of work size and plating, be installed on the workpiece, this brush is installed in the front portion that workpiece carries out electroplating activity, neither influence the rotation of workpiece and move axially, can make workpiece obtain excellent conducting performance again, and not wear and tear again and the surface of the workpiece of burning.
4, in the present invention, because the specified conditions of chrome-plating device are limit, can't instead plate and the rush current operation, but this two procedures, quality to coating and underlying metal bonding force is very important, for after solving workpiece and can't carrying out above-mentioned two procedures, still can obtain good coating and bottom bonding force, in the present invention, taked following measure:
Increase manual together deoiling before a, the plating, the operation of derusting improves the degree of cleaning of workpiece to be plated;
B, after the acid-wash activation operation is finished, when entering plating tank, water maintenance workpiece surface reduces empty sudden and violent time of workpiece surface, avoids the workpiece surface oxidation;
C, in plating tank, be provided with middle part dividing plate with holes, utilizing dividing plate plating tank can be divided into has positive column and no positive column, regulate the plating tank entrance end and do not have the positive column distance by moving axially and look the workpiece size, when making workpiece enter plating tank, utilize bath temperature elder generation after heat and re-activation are fully given in no positive column, pass dividing plate again and entered positive column chromium plating, so as to improving the bonding force of coating.
D, take " composite chrome plating liquid " to carry out continuous chromium plating, because be furnished with silicofluoric acid (H in the plating bath
2SIF
6), when plating bath was heated, this was a kind of strong acid to have part to generate etching acid (HF) in the silicofluoric acid, in tank liquor, can dissolve suspended impurity, workpiece surface is also played faint corrosion and cleaning action, played the activatory effect in fact again, can impel the raising of binding force of cladding material.
Composite chrome plating liquid composition and technology and proportioning all adopt ordinary method to carry out.
E, anode for chrome-plating adopt terne metal, pictograph combined anode
By above-mentioned measure, though in continuous chromium plating, can't instead plate and the rush current operation, but still it is even to obtain coating, the coating that bonding force is good.
By general conventional chrome-plated process flow process, need carrying out step by step, before the plating and plating back operation needs corresponding main equipment.In the present invention, chrome plating equipment adopts small-sized chrome-plating device, by the combination of coating bath, before the plating and plating back operation connect together, form the automatic streamline operation, when workpiece is worn groove and later, along with the rotation of workpiece with move axially, just can finish the chromium plating of any major axis class surface size, adopt aforesaid method, not only can guarantee quality of coating, shorten the production cycle, and the energy save energy, investment reduced, reduce cost, labour intensity is also alleviated greatly.
Related in the present invention equipment is to supply with galvanized direct supply, combination chrome-plating device, plating bath circulation storing unit and three wastes processing unit etc.Except that the combination chrome-plating device, other parts all adopt known technology and conventional mounting means (repeating no more).
Utilize accompanying drawing to be described in further detail the embodiment of combination chrome-plating device among the present invention below.
The structural representation of combination chrome-plating device among Fig. 1 the present invention;
Hold-down gear A-A sectional view among Fig. 2 Fig. 1;
C-C brush structural representation among Fig. 3 Fig. 1;
Referring to Fig. 1, the combination chrome-plating device is made up of combination coating bath, brush, drive speed-adjusting mechanism, wherein make up coating bath and comprise oil removing groove 11, pickling tank 9, plating tank 7 also together is packed on the carriage 19 with brush 12, according to the size of diameter of work, can realize the lifting of high and low position by the bolt of bracket 19 bottom surfaces.In the combination coating bath, by being equipped with the nozzle 10 that is used to clean between each groove of operation, the sidewall of each groove adjacent is provided with the corresponding concentric aperture that is used to cross workpiece.The cell wall of plating tank 7 is double-deck, skin is a steel plate, internal layer is made by steel plate and stereotype, sealing member 8 is equipped with in the hole of two ends sidewall, hangs with anode for chrome-plating 6 in the groove, and this anode adopts terne metal pictograph combined anode, be evenly distributed on workpiece (negative electrode) in the plating tank 7 around, even for guaranteeing coating, the distance and position between the two poles of the earth is invariable, and the top also is equipped with to be used to ventilate and is produced the draught hood 5 of waste gas when getting rid of plating.In plating tank, also mount the dividing plate 21 that useful heatproof acid resisting material is made, these dividing plate 21 middle parts are provided with the hole that is used to penetrate workpiece, from distance (press shown position, move from right to left) plating tank 7 is divided into two portions by moving axially dividing plate 21 to plating tank 7 entrance ends.Promptly not having the positive column and positive column, purpose are arranged is to make workpiece enter plating tank 7 back after no positive column utilizes coating bath liquid temperature to carry out abundant preheating and re-activation earlier, passes dividing plate 21 again and has entered the positive column and carry out chromium plating, so as to raising workpiece binding force of cladding material.Bath temperature self-con-tained unit (known technology, not shown in the figures) be arranged in plating tank 7, pass through temperature sensor, the temperature of electroplate liquid is delivered to temperature regulator, when the electroplate liquid working temperature is lower than the specified requirement temperature, automatically starting heater heats for electrical signal by controller requires to reach the standard grade to the liquid temperature, when the liquid temperature is higher than working temperature in the plating work, controller is opened automatically by sensor signal and is connected on electromagnetic valve in the cold water pipe, allow water coolant enter plating tank interlayer internal cooling, temperature of electroplating solution is remained in the specialized range.
The rotation of workpiece and moving axially by the drive speed-adjusting mechanism controls realizes, comprises and leads rod 1, guide wheel 2, guide rail 13, support 20, electromagnetic speed regulator 15,16, hold-down gear 4.The diameter of leading rod 1 is identical with workpiece size, length 〉=combination coating bath, before the chromium plating, lead rod 1 and be arranged in the combination coating bath, connect workpiece 14 by joint 3, joint 3 adopts known inner expanding sleeve form, can realize quick loading and unloading, lead rod 1 and workpiece 14 and on total length, support that guide wheel 2 is positioned on the support 20 by a plurality of guide wheels 2, axis of workpiece has 3 °-10 ° adjustable inclination angle relatively, relies on the inclined abrasive promotion workpiece of guide wheel 2 to move axially.Be provided with shaft coupling at guide wheel 2 its both sides axial locations, so that the velocity of rotation unanimity of whole guide pulley system.Different is to have increased pinch roller frame 4a on the hold-down gear and installed a sprocket wheel 4b additional on the shown position right-hand wheel to the basic the same (see figure 2) of the structure formation of hold-down gear 4 and guide wheel 2, is mounted on the close ground electromagnetic speed regulator 16 of plating tank 7 exit end by chain drive.Electromagnetic speed regulator 15 is arranged on combination coating bath entrance end, and is installed on the guide rail parallel with the workpiece to be plated axis 13, can be along guide rail 13 parallel moving, and be connected with workpiece by universal joint, and the centre is provided with insulation covering.In electromagnetic speed regulator control, be provided with isochronous controller, when adjusting isochronous controller, two electromagnetic speed regulators, 15,16 rotating speeds are identical, drive guide wheel 2 and workpiece 14 rotations, because workpiece surface and each guide wheel 2 contact surfaces are made pure rolling friction, make the motion formation of work 14 promptly have rotation that axially movable composite motion state is arranged again.Lead rod 1 because of having installed additional in addition on workpiece, therefore, in chrome-plating process, any position of workpiece all is under the identical optimised process state, thereby assurance workpiece both ends and middle portion coating are even.
On the service line of combination chrome-plating device, promptly after the plating tank, a cover mechanical polishing apparatus 17 is housed, can carry out the raising of smooth finish and precision once more to plating the back workpiece.
Utilize device of the present invention, only need to change the kind and the corresponding technology of plating bath, also can carry out zinc-platedly to overlength cylindrical work surface, plating such as copper facing are handled, and also can carry out phosphatization, send out chemical surface treatment such as orchid.
Adopt method and apparatus of the present invention, have the following advantages:
When 1, fundamentally having solved super-large current chromium plating, the too high problem of plating bath temperature rise;
2, equipment investment of the present invention is plated many that the investment of required equipment lacks than the groove of former process facility, and does not need tall and big factory building and required auxiliary equipment;
3, after the general workpiece chromium plating, need to carry out grinding, thickness of coating will add the mill amount like this, and the present invention is that workpiece is carried out plating chromium, need not machined after the plating, once electroplates to survive, and can save like this substantial contribution, and reduce machining processes one;
4, owing to once survive after the plating, do not need allowance, therefore, can save mass energy than general chromium plating;
5, the present invention adopts flowing water, continuously, and automated job, because of This shortened greatly than the general chromium plating production cycle, had improved production efficiency and product quality, had saved the labour, had reduced cost.
Claims (5)
1, the continuous chromed method of a kind of Super Long-axles class, it is characterized in that: adopt Workpiece Rotating, axially movable " continuous chromium plating " will plate pretreatment procedure and the chromium plating operation is integrated, make its chromed whole process form chromed automatic processing operation line continuously, for guaranteeing that coating evenly reaches binding force of cladding material, take following measure:
(1) workpiece to be plated is laterally penetrated have oil removing groove (11), pickling tank (9), the combination coating bath of plating tank (7), and under the control of drive speed-adjusting mechanism, drive workpiece to be plated according to the directed rotation of nominal parameter, at the uniform velocity move axially;
(2) with the two ends of workpiece to be plated, be provided with to be equipped with and lead rod, drawing before plating as workpiece and after plating plates partly and tail plating part, and it leads the length 〉=combination coating bath of rod, with assurance workpiece two ends and middle portion coating uniformity;
(3) anode for chrome-plating adopts terne metal pictograph combined anode, and the distance and position between the workpiece to be plated (negative electrode) is invariable;
(4) workpiece (negative electrode) connects electric mode and adopts the brush electrically conducting manner;
(5) anti-plating of cancellation and rush current increase and manually deoil together, the operation of derusting, and after the acid-wash activation operation, water curing quilt plating workpiece surface;
(6) plating bath adopts composite chrome plating liquid, is furnished with silicofluoric acid (H in the liquid
2SIF
6);
(7) utilizing dividing plate (21) that plating tank (7) is divided into has positive column and no positive column, make workpiece when entering plating tank (7) earlier after hot and re-activation are fully given in no positive column, pass dividing plate (21) again and entered the positive column and carry out chromium plating.
2, the described method of a kind of use claim 1 and custom-designed chrome plating equipment, by propulsion source, chrome-plating device, plating bath circulation storing unit, three wastes processing unit is formed, it is characterized in that: described chrome-plating device is an associated plant, comprise the combination coating bath, brush (12), drive speed-adjusting mechanism, wherein make up coating bath by oil removing groove (11), pickling tank (9), plating tank (7) is formed, and together be packed on the carriage (19) with brush (12), the sidewall of each groove adjacent is provided with the corresponding concentric aperture that is used to cross workpiece, also is provided with the water jet standpipe (10) that is used to spray water between groove and the groove.
3, chrome plating equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: plating tank (7) adopts metal sheet to make sandwich shape, hangs with anode for chrome-plating and middle part dividing plate (21) with holes in the groove respectively, and is provided with the chromium plating liquid electronic temperature controller.
4, chrome plating equipment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: drive speed-adjusting mechanism is by a plurality of guide wheels (2) that are used for holding workpieces and play the guiding role, locating device (4), support (20), electromagnetic speed regulator (15,16) form, wherein each guide wheel (2) is positioned on the support (20), axis of workpiece has 3 °～10 ° adjustable inclination angle relatively, its both sides axial location is provided with shaft coupling, electromagnetic speed regulator (15) is contained on the guide shaft parallel with axis of workpiece (13), can move along guide rail is parallel, and be connected with workpiece to be plated by universal joint, electromagnetic speed regulator (16) is contained on the ground of plating tank (7) exit end, connects hold-down gear (4) by chain drive.
5, chrome plating equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the material of brush (12) adopts the graphite crystal block that contains an amount of metal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91101734 CN1023720C (en) | 1991-03-26 | 1991-03-26 | Continuous chromium plating for super long shaft and its apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91101734 CN1023720C (en) | 1991-03-26 | 1991-03-26 | Continuous chromium plating for super long shaft and its apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1056134A CN1056134A (en) | 1991-11-13 |
| CN1023720C true CN1023720C (en) | 1994-02-09 |
Family
ID=4905234
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91101734 Expired - Fee Related CN1023720C (en) | 1991-03-26 | 1991-03-26 | Continuous chromium plating for super long shaft and its apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1023720C (en) |
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-
1991
- 1991-03-26 CN CN 91101734 patent/CN1023720C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1056134A (en) | 1991-11-13 |
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