A kind of method for manufacturing wax membrane of whole leaf joint and built-up jig
Technical field
The invention belongs to precision casting technology, relate to the wax-pattern manufacturing of the leaf joint class part model casting one-piece castings such as Aeronautics and Astronautics turbofan, vortex-spraying type engine turbine guider, preposition diffuser, the particularly Split assembled manufacturing of whole wax-pattern.
Background technology
Nozzle ring, preposition diffuser model casting one-piece casting, generally adopt whole wax pattern casting, wax pattern in conjunction with the casting of carbonyl core at present, and these two kinds of method casting technique difficulty are very big.
Above leaf joint part diameter is from Ф 200mm to 1000mm, the number of blade from more than 20 to more or less a hundred, bending blade reverses degree varies.When adopting monoblock cast, the Design of Dies difficult point is many, processing difficulties, and loose piece is many, and fuse is many, easily dislocation of module location cooperation, accumulated error is large, and whole mould and die accuracy is difficult to improve; In process of production, die boundary dimensions is excessive, complex structure, and operating difficulties in the time of can bringing die mould, and existing equipment is difficult to satisfy pressing requirements; The dies cavity complex structure, the loose piece that forms cavity between blade is got the type difficulty, and whole wax-pattern is difficult to moulding, and the place's defective on individual blade all can cause scrapping of whole fusible pattern.And because loose piece is many, having the many places parting line on blade profile, the surface quality of whole blade can descend a lot.Also having a kind of method is to replace metal block to form blade shape with water-soluble core, but water-soluble core low precision, surface quality is poor, and a plurality of core location difficulty, and cumulative errors are very large, and whole disk ring dimensional accuracy can not guarantee.In application number was 200910310304.7 innovation and creation, a kind of processing technology of wax mould of nozzle ring was disclosed.In this processing technology, utilize twice dewaxing-injection moulding-demoulding, inner ring and the outer ring injection moulding of jet blade and nozzle ring is as a whole, injection mo(u)lding is the jet blade profile wax-pattern that leaves the blade shape space in dewaxing-injection moulding for the first time-knockout course, be injection molded into this shape and not only can simplify the structure of mould, facilitate simultaneously type wax to be poured into the nozzle ring shape that forms an integral body in dewaxing-injection moulding for the second time-knockout course, more primary wax-pattern is melted away at last and obtain complete nozzle ring shape.The whole structure of the wax mould of nozzle ring of the method institute moulding is good, spacing and aperture area between blade are even, being connected firmly of blade two ends, endoporus and finishing vestige can not appear, export the production technology of bright and clean wax mould of nozzle ring, but the process more complicated of this this processing method, in process, the control point is many, and Product Precision can not satisfy the requirement of aviation military use product.
Summary of the invention
For overcome exist in prior art or die boundary dimensions is excessive, complex structure, and precision is relatively poor, perhaps many deficiencies in control point in process complexity and process the present invention proposes a kind of method for manufacturing wax membrane and built-up jig of whole leaf joint.
The method for manufacturing wax membrane of the whole leaf joint that the present invention proposes comprises the following steps:
Step 1 is suppressed single blade wax-pattern; Mould is placed on wax injector, and the temperature of wax injector cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster is 35 ℃; Clamping pressure is 50bar; Wax material is injected mould; Pressurize 10s after injection pressure in the mould, be 20s inject time, obtains the single blade of moulding; The injection temperature of wax material is 70 ℃, and injection pressure is 18bar, obtains single blade wax-pattern of moulding; Repeat said process, required single blade wax-pattern completes; After good single blade wax-pattern to be pressed was cooling, burr was removed in finishing, neatly puts stand-by;
Step 2, ring wax-pattern in compacting; Mould is placed on wax injector, and the temperature of wax injector cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster is 35 ℃; Clamping pressure is 50bar; Wax material is injected mould; Pressurize 15s after injection pressure in the mould, be 30s inject time, obtains the single blade of moulding; The injection temperature of wax material is 65 ℃, and injection pressure is 18bar, obtains the interior ring wax-pattern of moulding; Repeat said process, the ring wax-pattern that completes required; After good interior ring wax-pattern to be pressed was cooling, burr was removed in finishing, neatly puts stand-by;
Step 3, compacting outer shroud wax-pattern; Mould is placed on wax injector, and the temperature of wax injector cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster is 30 ℃; Clamping pressure is 50bar; Wax material is injected mould; Pressurize 15S after injection pressure in the mould, be 30s inject time, obtains the single blade of moulding; The injection temperature of wax material is 65 ℃, and injection pressure is 18bar, obtains the outer shroud wax-pattern of moulding; Repeat said process, the outer shroud wax-pattern that completes required; After good outer shroud wax-pattern to be pressed was cooling, burr was removed in finishing, neatly puts stand-by;
Step 4 makes up single blade wax-pattern; With built-up jig, whole blade wax-patterns are combined into annular; During combination, a blade is placed on the locating piece of fixture and the location; With bonding wax, first single blade is fixed on fixture support ring upper surface; The rotation locating piece is to next locating hole place of limb and fixing; Be placed on locating piece second blade and the location, with bonding wax, second blade and first blade welded together; By that analogy, soldering group is synthetic annular one by one with whole blades; The fusion temperature of bonding wax is 80 ℃;
Step 5, ring wax-pattern and outer shroud wax-pattern in welding; With built-up jig, interior ring wax-pattern and outer shroud wax-pattern are welded with the blade wax-pattern that is combined into annular respectively successively; In welding ring is during wax-pattern, with interior ring wax-pattern and the blade wax-pattern welding that is combined into annular: with the arc surface of interior ring wax-pattern respectively with the internal surface welding of blade wax-pattern, make all in the ring wax-patterns form annulus at the internal surface of blade wax-pattern; During welding outer shroud wax-pattern: with the inner arc surface of each outer shroud wax-pattern respectively with the outer tunnel surface soldered of the blade wax-pattern that is combined into annular, make whole outer shroud wax-patterns form annulus at the outer surface of blade wax-pattern; Preposition diffuser wax-pattern after being made up; The fusion temperature of bonding wax is 80 ℃;
Step 6, finishing polishing wax-pattern; Finishing wax-pattern surface and weld seam meet design requirement its surface roughness, and make weld seam and the transition of wax-pattern smooth surface;
Step 7, the wax-pattern size detection; Detect the internal and external channel diameter dimension of diffuser wax-pattern on three-dimensional; Detect the position deviation of 88 blades; Detect the internal and external channel profile tolerance.
The invention allows for a kind of built-up jig of the method for manufacturing wax membrane for whole leaf joint, comprise matrix, limb, support ring, keeper, locating piece, lining, support, fork ring and leg; Wherein, body upper surface has annular groove, the chassis of limb and the chassis of support ring are arranged in described annular groove, and the external peripheral surface on limb chassis and the lateral wall matched in clearance of annular groove, the inner circumferential surface on support ring chassis and the madial wall matched in clearance of annular groove; Matrix, limb and support ring are coaxial; All be evenly equipped with the index hole consistent with the blade quantity on preposition diffuser at the circumferential surface of limb and the circumferential surface of support ring; Locating piece is between limb and support ring; There is index hole the upper end of locating piece; Index hole and the index hole on the support ring circumferential surface on index hole on described locating piece, limb circumferential surface are concentric; Alignment pin is packed in the through hole of the locating hole of support ring and locating piece; Handle is positioned at the below of matrix; The middle part of handle is encircled and the locating piece hinge joint by fork, an end of handle and support hinge joint.
The installation groove that limb and support ring are arranged at the upper surface of matrix; In matrix centre bore one side, a square through hole that connects the matrix card is arranged, the appearance and size of this through hole is consistent with the appearance and size of locating piece.
The chassis of radially protruding is arranged at the external peripheral surface of limb one end, and on the external diameter on this chassis and matrix, the diameter of the lateral wall of cannelure is identical; The center line of index hole is respectively perpendicular to the limb circumferential surface.
The lower surface of locating piece has screwed hole, and this screwed hole is corresponding with the screwed hole on the fork ring; The positioning head that two protrusions are arranged at upper surface one end of locating piece, locating piece one side surface is distributed with dowel hole, and the center line of the center line of described dowel hole and locating piece length direction is perpendicular; The side surface that coordinates with limb at locating piece has the installing hole of keeper 4, and the center line of this installing hole is parallel with the center line of described dowel hole.
One end of support has the through hole that is connected with handle one end; Upper surface at support has two through holes that are connected with matrix; At support one side surface, the limiting plate that has level to protrude.
The through hole that is connected with the handle middle part is arranged at fork ring one end; The whorl brace rod that protrusion is arranged on fork ring other end surface.
In described two positioning heads one is positioned at locating piece upper surface one lateral edges place, another positioned adjacent piece upper surface opposite side edge.
Take the preposition diffuser of certain machine as example, the present invention is used for the whole leaf joint of this preposition diffuser of moulding.Preposition diffuser is the key component in certain h type engine h core engine.This part size macrostructure is complicated, and dimension precision requirement is high.Maximum contour dimension is Φ 569.85mm, is highly 107.9mm, and wall thickness is between 0.37-14mm.4, an exhaust limit choma, integral wall is thin and size is maximum, and exhaust limit thinnest part is only R0.37mm; 88 straightener(stator) blades are arranged between passage, and the position degree of 88 blades requires ± 0.35.It is only 0.2 that passage props up the requirement of choma profile tolerance.Size tolerance requirements is strict, and the foundry goods general tolerance is carried out by precision-investment casting HB6103-86CT4
This accessory size is large, wall is thin, precision is high, 88 blades evenly distribute on circumference, forms the annular construction member of a complexity.Complicated like this large-scale integral foundry goods adopts the Integral melting mold pressing injecting method can't moulding, adopts solvable mould material precision can't guarantee again, makes blade circle distribution degree can not satisfy the requirement of 0.20mm.Adopt the present invention, foundry goods is divided into inner and outer rings and three major parts of blade, every part is made separately wax-pattern frock compacting wax-pattern, adopts at last the moulding of precision location clamp assembly welding.Each complete diffuser wax-pattern needs each 6 inner and outer rings and 88 blade assembly unit assembly weldings to complete altogether.At first 88 blades are risked blade ring on assembling clamp, high blade and the vias inner walls of blade location employing precision, the uniformity of blade is better like this.Then 6 inner and outer rings of assembly unit assembly welding successively.The blade profile tolerance is 0.03mm~0.05mm, and below blade circle distribution Du Keda ± 0.2mm, inlet and outlet edges unevenness can reach 0.5mm, and inside and outside channel diameter can be controlled in the 0.5mm scope, and the passage ovality can be controlled in the 1.0mm left and right.
The present invention is used for the ring parts such as preposition diffuser, guider and adopts split compactings, precise clamps location, wax-pattern welding combination, and whole precision-investment casting can be satisfied the design instructions for use through size verification.During the combination wax-pattern, anchor point is on blade, and the blade anchor point is consistent with the processing anchor point, and the cold and hot working benchmark is consistent, can improve to greatest extent so whole foundry goods blade dimensions precision, guarantees throat area between blade, guarantees discharge uniformity.The precise clamp navigation system can be surveyed the size situation according to part and be adjusted, the angular position of adjusting blade can change the size of flow, reprocess the risk of scrapping even when having avoided the unitary mould off-dimension, saved the production cycle, reduce production cost, when having avoided monoblock cast, reduced Design of Dies and difficulty of processing, convenient operation has improved leaf joint one-piece casting dimensional accuracy.
The present invention is divided into single blade and disk ring to block cast leaf joint fusible pattern, the split compacting, and the assembly welding moulding, turning the difficult into the easy has improved Product Precision and production efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of built-up jig;
Fig. 2 is matrix 1 profile;
Fig. 3 is limb 2 profiles;
Fig. 4 is limb 2 top views;
Fig. 5 is support ring 3 cutaway views;
Fig. 6 is locating piece 5 front views;
Fig. 7 is locating piece 5 left views;
Fig. 8 is locating piece 5 top views;
Fig. 9 is support 9 front views;
Figure 10 is support 9 left views;
Figure 11 is support 9 top views;
Figure 12 is fork ring 11 cutaway views;
Figure 13 is handle 12 cutaway views.Wherein:
1. matrix 2. limb 3. support ring 4. keeper 5. locating piece 6. lining 7. alignment pins
8. adjustment screw 9. support 10. packing ring 11. forks encircle 12. handle 13. straight pin 14. legs
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The present embodiment is a kind of method that the MPI55-50 of employing wax injector is made preposition diffuser wax-pattern.Its detailed process comprises the following steps:
Step 1 is suppressed single blade wax-pattern.Mould is placed on wax injector, and the temperature of wax injector cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster is 35 ℃.Clamping pressure is 50bar.Wax material is injected mould.Pressurize 10S after injection pressure in the mould, be 20S inject time, obtains the single blade of moulding.Wax material is F28.The injection temperature of wax material is 70 ℃, and injection pressure is 18bar, obtains single blade wax-pattern of moulding.Repeat said process, make altogether 88 single blade wax-patterns.After good single blade wax-pattern to be pressed was cooling, burr was removed in finishing, neatly puts stand-by.
Step 2, ring wax-pattern in compacting.Mould is placed on wax injector, and the temperature of wax injector cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster is 35 ℃.Clamping pressure is 50bar.Wax material is injected mould.Pressurize 15S after injection pressure in the mould, be 30S inject time, obtains the single blade of moulding.Wax material is F28.The injection temperature of wax material is 65 ℃, and injection pressure is 18bar, obtains the interior ring wax-pattern of moulding.Repeat said process, make altogether in 6 and encircle wax-pattern.After good interior ring wax-pattern to be pressed was cooling, burr was removed in finishing, neatly puts stand-by.
Step 3, compacting outer shroud wax-pattern.Mould is placed on wax injector, and the temperature of wax injector cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster is 30 ℃.Clamping pressure is 50bar.Wax material is injected mould.Pressurize 15S after injection pressure in the mould, be 30S inject time, obtains the single blade of moulding.Wax material is F28.The injection temperature of wax material is 65 ℃, and injection pressure is 18bar, obtains the outer shroud wax-pattern of moulding.Repeat said process, make altogether 6 outer shroud wax-patterns.After good outer shroud wax-pattern to be pressed was cooling, burr was removed in finishing, neatly puts stand-by.
Step 4 makes up single blade wax-pattern.With built-up jig, 88 blade wax-patterns are combined into annular.During combination, a blade is placed on the locating piece of fixture and the location.The bonding wax that picks fusing with boiling hot cutter is fixed on fixture support ring 3 upper surfaces with first single blade; The rotation locating piece is fixed locating piece with the profile alignment pin to next locating hole of limb place; Be placed on locating piece second blade and the location, pick bonding wax with boiling hot cutter second blade and first blade are welded together; By that analogy, soldering group is synthetic annular one by one with 88 blades.Welding is the bonding wax of fusing with material, and the fusion temperature of bonding wax is 80 ℃, and instrument is for scalding cutter.
Step 6, ring wax-pattern and outer shroud wax-pattern in welding.With built-up jig, interior ring wax-pattern and outer shroud wax-pattern are welded with the blade wax-pattern that is combined into annular respectively successively.During welding, at first with interior ring wax-pattern and the blade wax-pattern welding that is combined into annular: with the arc surface of interior ring wax-pattern respectively with the internal surface welding of blade wax-pattern, make that in 6, the ring wax-pattern forms annulus at the internal surface of blade wax-pattern.When welding outer shroud wax-pattern: with the inner arc surface of each outer shroud wax-pattern respectively with the outer tunnel surface soldered of the blade wax-pattern that is combined into annular, make 6 outer shroud wax-patterns form annulus at the outer surface of blade wax-pattern.Preposition diffuser wax-pattern after being made up.Welding is the bonding wax of fusing with material.The fusion temperature of bonding wax is 80 ℃, and instrument is for scalding cutter.
Step 7, finishing polishing wax-pattern.Finishing wax-pattern surface and weld seam meet design requirement its surface roughness, and make weld seam and the transition of wax-pattern smooth surface.
Step 8, the wax-pattern size detection.Detect the internal and external channel diameter dimension of diffuser wax-pattern on three-dimensional; Detect the position deviation of 88 blades; Detect the internal and external channel profile tolerance.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment is a kind of fixture of the method be used to realizing the whole wax-pattern of the preposition diffuser of the described manufacturing machine of above-described embodiment, comprises matrix 1, limb 2, support ring 3, keeper 4, locating piece 5, lining 6, support 9, fork ring 11 and leg 14.Wherein, matrix 1 upper surface has annular groove, the chassis of the chassis of limb 2 and support ring 3 is arranged in described annular groove, and the external peripheral surface on limb 2 chassis and the lateral wall matched in clearance of annular groove, the inner circumferential surface on support ring 3 chassis and the madial wall matched in clearance of annular groove; Matrix 1, limb 2 and support ring 3 are coaxial.
All be evenly equipped with 88 radial direction through hole at the circumferential surface of limb 2 and the circumferential surface of support ring 3, for the index hole on the circumferential surface of the index hole on index hole and described limb 2 and support ring 3 concentric.
Locating piece 5 is between limb 2 and support ring 3, and in the through hole of matrix 1 one sides of packing into, and the spacing of regulating between these locating pieces 5 and limb 2 and support ring 3 by adjustment screw 8.There is through hole the upper end of locating piece 5, is index hole, and the index hole on the circumferential surface of the index hole on this index hole and limb 2, support ring 3 is concentric.
Alignment pin 7 is packed in the through hole of the locating hole of support ring 3 and locating piece 5.Handle 12 is positioned at the below of matrix 1; The middle part of handle 12 is encircled 11 by fork and is linked with locating piece 5, an end of handle 12 and support 9 hinge joints.
Described matrix 1 is ring discoid, is fixed on three legs 14 by screw thread.Upper surface at matrix 1 has a circle groove, is used for installing limb 2 and support ring 3.At the center of matrix 1, the loss of weight through hole is arranged.In matrix 1 centre bore one side, a square through hole that connects matrix 1 card is arranged, the appearance and size of this through hole is consistent with the appearance and size of locating piece 5.
Limb 2 is annular, and the chassis of radially protruding is arranged at the external peripheral surface of limb 2 one ends, and on the external diameter on this chassis and matrix 1, the diameter of the lateral wall of cannelure is identical.Be evenly equipped with 88 radial direction through hole at limb 2 circumferential surfaces, be index hole, and the center line of described index hole is respectively perpendicular to limb 2 circumferential surfaces.The diameter of described index hole is identical with alignment pin 7 external diameters.
Support ring 3 is annular element, and its longitudinal section is " recessed " font, and the support ring lower end is the chassis with the groove fit of matrix 1.Be evenly equipped with 88 each through holes at support ring 3 external peripheral surfaces, be index hole.
Locating piece 5 is rectangular block, and its each surperficial fineness must be higher than 1.6.The lower surface of locating piece 5 has a screwed hole, and this screwed hole is corresponding with the screwed hole on fork ring 11.The positioning head that two protrusions are arranged at upper surface one end of locating piece, one of them positioning head are positioned at locating piece 5 upper surface one lateral edges places, another positioning head positioned adjacent piece 5 upper surface opposite side edges.The upper surface of two positioning heads all be arranged on support ring 3 and limb 2 on the inboard and blade exhaust edge point shape of the inner platform of single blade wax-pattern contact.Locating piece 5 one side surfaces are distributed with dowel hole, and the center line of the center line of described dowel hole and locating piece 5 length directions is perpendicular.Described dowel hole coordinates with index hole on being positioned at limb 2, support ring 3, alignment pin 7 by described dowel hole to the index hole on locating piece 5 and limb 2, support ring 3 in axial angle orientation.The side surface that coordinates with limb 2 at locating piece 5 has the installing hole of keeper 4, and the center line of this installing hole is parallel with the center line of described dowel hole.
Keeper 4 is straight pin, is fixed on the top, side of locating piece 5.Side contacts in the termination of this keeper 4 and the curtain plate of single blade, and to the curtain plate radial location of single blade.
Support 9 is plate, and its profile is " T " font.One end center of this support 9 has " U " shape groove, on the two side of this " U " shape groove, concentric through hole is arranged, an end of handle 12 is packed in this " U " shape groove, and by pin with handle 12 and support 9 hinge joints.Upper surface at support 9 has two through holes that are connected with matrix 1.At support 9 one side surfaces, the limiting plate that has level to protrude is used for limiting the position that handle 12 makes progress; This limiting plate is positioned at the top of through hole on support 9 " U " shape groove two side.
Fork ring 11 is rectangular block.At fork ring 11 1 end surfaces, " U " shape groove is arranged, should on the two side of " U " shape groove, concentric through hole be arranged, packed in this " U " shape groove in the middle part of handle 12, and by pin, handle 12 and fork ring 11 are linked.The whorl brace rod that protrusion is arranged on fork ring 11 other end surfaces; This whorl brace rod is packed in the screwed hole of locating piece 5 lower surfaces, should pitch ring 11 and be connected with locating piece 5.
Leg 14 is coniform, and an end has screw thread, and is fastening with matrix 1, and an end requires smooth for being placed on work top.
Handle 12 is tabular for bar shaped.At handle 12 1 ends, pin-and-hole is arranged, at handle 12 middle parts, bar hole is arranged.After handle 12 was packed in " U " shape groove of fork ring 11, this bar hole linked by pin with through hole on fork ring 11 " U " shape groove.
In the present embodiment, keeper 4 is arranged on the upper end, side of locating piece 5, and is fastening by screw thread and locating piece 5, side contacts and radial location in the termination of keeper 4 and the curtain plate of single blade.Locating piece 5 is connected by screw thread and fork ring 11, and packing ring 10 is arranged between the two, and there are two positioning heads locating piece 5 upper ends, one with single blade inner platform in side contacts and radial location, one is touched also axial location with single blade exhaust edge joint;
There is the dowel hole of perforation locating piece 5 sides, and lining 6 is arranged in this dowel hole, and interference fit between the two.Alignment pin 7 is used for the fixedly circumferential angle of limb 2 and locating piece 5, and described alignment pin 7 is by pin-and-hole and limb 2 and locating piece 5 matched in clearance.Trip bolt 8 is assemblied on matrix 1 and locating piece 5, regulates the radial position of locating piece 5 by screw thread rotation.Support 9 upper ends and matrix 1 are by two screw fastenings, and the lower end is connected with handle 12 by an alignment pin.Packing ring 10 is arranged between locating piece 5 and fork ring 11, collides with in order to the friction between alleviating both.Fork ring 11 is connected with locating piece 5 is fastening by screw, and is lined with packing ring 10 both; Fork ring 11 lower ends are connected with handle 12 by straight pin 13; Handle 12 1 ends are connected with support 9 by straight pin, and the centre has a flat groove to be connected with fork ring 11 by straight pin 13; Three legs 14 are connected with matrix 1 by screw thread, support whole fixture.