CN102331561A - Battery voltage detection circuit and battery management system - Google Patents
Battery voltage detection circuit and battery management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102331561A CN102331561A CN201110275389A CN201110275389A CN102331561A CN 102331561 A CN102331561 A CN 102331561A CN 201110275389 A CN201110275389 A CN 201110275389A CN 201110275389 A CN201110275389 A CN 201110275389A CN 102331561 A CN102331561 A CN 102331561A
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the field of electronic circuits and provides a battery voltage detection circuit and a battery management system. The circuit comprises a plurality of switch units, a first operational amplification unit, a second operational amplification unit, a control unit and a power supply changeover unit; the plurality of switch units are used for switch-on and switch-off under the control of a control signal; the first operational amplification unit is used for sampling voltage of an odd number of corresponding single batteries when the switch units are switched on, and outputting first sampling voltage; the second operational amplification unit is used for sampling voltage of an even number of corresponding single batteries when the switch units are switched on and outputting second sampling voltage; the control unit is used for outputting the control signal and controlling the switch-on and switch-off of the switch units when power is supplied and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the first sampling voltage and the second sampling voltage; and the power supply changeover unit is used for providing a stable working power supply for the control unit. Two operational amplifier units are staggered in an odd and even way and sample a battery to be detected; and the circuit has a simple structure, and is low in cost, reduces the electricity consumption difference of the battery, switch control is provided, and power consumption during standby is further reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic circuit field, relate in particular to a kind of battery voltage detection circuit and battery management system.
Background technology
Along with new forms of energy develop and flourish today, battery management system requires also increasingly high at lithium battery, and cost requirement is more and more stricter.In battery management system; Because all being series connection, uses each battery module; When how accurately to detect the cell voltage of each module, guarantee that battery management system is least in power-consuming after dormancy, and to descend low-power consumption difference in working order be the dream that Electronics Engineers pursue.
The method of the cell voltage of industry detection at present has 4 kinds: the one, adopt special chip, and like the chips such as OZ89xx of concavo-convex science and technology, but cost an arm and a leg; The 2nd, adopt the sampling of amplifier difference, this mode power consumption difference is too big; The 3rd, adopt the isolation capacitance sampling, complex structure, and high to requirement on devices; The 4th, adopt linear optical coupling to isolate technology such as sampling, but overall power consumption is big, and the linear optical coupling expensive.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the invention is to provide a kind of battery voltage detection circuit, is intended to solve existing battery detection circuit complex structure, and stand-by power consumption is big, the problem that cost is high.
The embodiment of the invention is achieved in that a kind of battery voltage detection circuit, and said circuit comprises:
A plurality of switch elements; The input end of said a plurality of switch elements in regular turn with the mesuring battary group in the positive pole of a plurality of cells of connecting connect one to one; Said a plurality of switch element is strange successively to positive pole from the negative pole of mesuring battary group, even permutation, is used for conducting or shutoff under the control of control signal;
The first amplifier unit; The positive input of the said first amplifier unit is connected with the output terminal of said odd number joint switch element; The reverse input end of the said first amplifier unit is connected with the output terminal of said even number joint switch element; Be used for when said switch element conducting the monomer battery voltage of the said odd number joint of correspondence is sampled, export first sampled voltage;
The second amplifier unit; The positive input of the said second amplifier unit is connected with the output terminal of said even number joint switch element; The reverse input end of the said second amplifier unit is connected with the output terminal of said odd number joint switch element; Be used for when said switch element conducting the monomer battery voltage of the said even number joint of correspondence is sampled, export second sampled voltage;
Control module; A plurality of input ends of said control module are connected with the output terminal of the said first amplifier unit, the output terminal of the said second amplifier unit respectively; A plurality of output terminals of said control module are connected with the control end of each said switch element respectively; Be used for after power supply, exporting conducting or the shutoff that said control signal is controlled said switch element, and said first sampled voltage or second sampled voltage are carried out analog to digital conversion;
Power conversion unit; The input end of said power conversion unit is connected with the positive pole of said mesuring battary group; The output terminal of said power conversion unit is connected with the feeder ear of said control module; The control end of said power conversion unit is connected with the output terminal of external switch control module, is used for when for said control module stable working power being provided.
Another purpose of the embodiment of the invention is to provide a kind of battery management system that adopts above-mentioned battery voltage detection circuit.
In embodiments of the present invention; Only through two operational amplifier unit oem character sets to battery sampling to be measured, simple in structure, greatly saved the quantity of number of switches and operational amplifier unit; Saved cost of manufacture; And in power conversion unit, increase switch control, make this battery voltage detection circuit extremely low, and reduce the power consumption difference between a plurality of series-connected cells in dormancy or holding state power consumption.
Description of drawings
The structural drawing of the battery voltage detection circuit that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The exemplary circuit structural drawing of the battery voltage detection circuit that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention is only passed through two computing amplifying unit oem character sets to battery sampling to be measured, and simple in structure, cost is low, and increases switch control, the power consumption when further reducing standby.
Fig. 1 illustrates the structure of the battery voltage detection circuit that the embodiment of the invention provides, and for the ease of explanation, only shows the part relevant with the present invention.
The battery voltage detection circuit that provides as one embodiment of the invention can be applied in various types of battery management systems, and this battery voltage detection circuit comprises:
A plurality of switch elements 11; The input end of these a plurality of switch elements 11 in regular turn with mesuring battary group 10 in the positive pole of a plurality of cells of connecting connect one to one; A plurality of switch elements 11 are strange successively to positive pole from the negative pole of mesuring battary group 10, even permutation, are used for conducting or shutoff under the control of control signal;
The first amplifier unit 12; The positive input of this first amplifier unit 12 is connected with the output terminal of odd number joint switch element 111; The reverse input end of the first amplifier unit 12 is connected with the output terminal of even number joint switch element 112; Be used for when switch element 11 conductings the monomer battery voltage of the odd number joint of correspondence is sampled, export first sampled voltage;
The second amplifier unit 13; The positive input of this second amplifier unit 13 is connected with the output terminal of even number joint switch element 112; The reverse input end of the second amplifier unit 13 is connected with the output terminal of odd number joint switch Unit 111; Be used for when switch element 11 conductings the monomer battery voltage of the even number joint of correspondence is sampled, export second sampled voltage;
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment realization of the present invention being elaborated, is example with four series-connected cells only in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates the exemplary circuit structure of the battery voltage detection circuit that the embodiment of the invention provides, and for the ease of explanation, only shows the part relevant with the present invention.
In embodiments of the present invention, switch element 11 comprises:
Switching tube Q11, switching tube Q21, resistance R 11, resistance R 21, resistance R 3, resistance R 41 and diode D11;
The input end of switching tube Q11 is that the input end of switch element 11 is connected with the control end of switching tube Q11 through resistance R 11; The output terminal of switching tube Q11 is connected with the anode of diode D11; The negative electrode of diode D11 is the output terminal of switch element 11; The input end of switching tube Q21 is that the control end of switch element 11 connects supply voltage through resistance R 41, and the output terminal of switching tube Q21 is connected with the control end of switching tube Q11, and the control end of switching tube Q21 connects supply voltage through resistance R 3.
As one embodiment of the invention, switching tube Q11 is the positive-negative-positive triode, and the input end of switching tube Q11 is the emitter of positive-negative-positive triode, and the output terminal of switching tube Q11 is the collector of positive-negative-positive triode, and the control end of switching tube Q11 is the base stage of positive-negative-positive triode;
Switching tube Q21 is a N type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the input end of switching tube Q21 is the source class of N type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the output terminal of switching tube Q21 is the leakage level of N type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the control end of switching tube Q21 is the grid level of N type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
As one embodiment of the present invention, switch element 11 also comprises:
Resistance R 51 and capacitor C 11;
One end of said resistance R 51 is the input end of said switch element 11; The other end of said resistance R 51 is connected with the input end of said switching tube Q11 and an end of said capacitor C 11 simultaneously; The other end of said capacitor C 11 is connected with the negative pole of said cell; Be used for sampled signal is carried out capacitance-resistance filter,, detect the accuracy of cell voltage with influence to avoid collecting instantaneous peak voltage.
The first amplifier unit 12 comprises:
The first operational amplifier U1, resistance R 61, resistance R 62, resistance R 63, resistance R 64, resistance R 65, stabilivolt D21 and capacitor C 21;
The positive input of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with an end of resistance R 61; The positive input of the first operational amplifier U1 is simultaneously through resistance R 64 ground connection; The other end of resistance R 61 is the positive input of the first amplifier unit 12; The reverse input end of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with an end of resistance R 62; The other end of resistance R 62 is the reverse input end of the first amplifier unit 12; The output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with the reverse input end of the first operational amplifier U1, and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing diode D21, an end of capacitor C 21 respectively simultaneously, and the anode of the other end of capacitor C 21 and voltage stabilizing diode D21 is ground connection simultaneously;
The second amplifier unit 13 comprises:
The second operational amplifier U2, resistance R 71, resistance R 72, resistance R 73, resistance R 74, resistance R 75, stabilivolt D22 and capacitor C 22;
The positive input of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with an end of resistance R 71; The positive input of the second operational amplifier U2 is simultaneously through resistance R 74 ground connection; The other end of resistance R 71 is the positive input of the second amplifier unit 13; The reverse input end of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with an end of resistance R 72; The other end of resistance R 72 is the reverse input end of the second amplifier unit 13; The output terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing diode D22, an end of capacitor C 22 respectively simultaneously, and the anode of the other end of capacitor C 22 and voltage stabilizing diode D22 is ground connection simultaneously.
Relay 151, low pressure difference linear voltage regulator (Low Dropout regulator, LDO) 152, capacitor C 31 and capacitor C 32;
The common port of relay 151 is the input end of power conversion unit; The Chang Kaiduan of relay 151 is connected with the input end of low pressure difference linear voltage regulator; The coil two ends of relay 151 are control end; The output terminal of low pressure difference linear voltage regulator 152 is that the output terminal of power conversion unit 15 is connected with an end of capacitor C 31 and capacitor C 32 respectively, and the other end of capacitor C 31, capacitor C 32 and the earth terminal of low pressure difference linear voltage regulator 152 be ground connection simultaneously.
As one embodiment of the invention, this battery voltage detection circuit also comprises:
The first interface P1, each pin of this first interface P1 is connected with the input end of switch element 11, is used for the slot grafting mesuring battary group 10 at the first interface P1, so that the replacing of mesuring battary group detects.
As one embodiment of the invention, this battery voltage detection circuit also comprises:
Resistance R 81, resistance R 82 and capacitor C 4, an end of resistance R 81 is the input end of subsidiary unit 17, and the other end of resistance R 81 is connected with an end of resistance R 82 and an end of capacitor C 4 simultaneously, and the other end of the other end of resistance R 82 and capacitor C 4 is ground connection simultaneously.
In embodiments of the present invention, when detecting the first segment monomer battery voltage, switch control unit 16 pilot relays 151 adhesive switches; Low pressure difference linear voltage regulator 152 converts cell voltage the WV of single-chip microcomputer 14 into, and bias voltage is provided for switching tube Q12, initialization after single-chip microcomputer 14 powers on; The sampling control signal of output is reset to high level, behind the output voltage stabilization of low pressure difference linear voltage regulator 152, the sampling control signal of output low level; Switching tube Q12 conducting, resistance R 11 has electric current to pass through, and between the emitter of switching tube Q11 and the base stage pressure reduction is arranged; Switching tube Q11 conducting; The output sampled voltage, if the sample mode of first segment cell voltage is also used the sample mode of first amplifier or second amplifier, then easy temperature influence; This sampled voltage is squinted with temperature variation easily; With the input end ADC0 that exports to single-chip microcomputer 14 behind resistance R 81, resistance R 82 and capacitor C 4 voltage regulation filterings in this sampled voltage process subsidiary unit 17, single-chip microcomputer 14 carries out analog to digital conversion in the stable back of this sampled voltage to it, accomplishes the sampling to the first segment monomer battery voltage.
The embodiment of the invention is sampled through increasing by the 17 pairs of first segment cell voltages in subsidiary unit, avoids influencing because of temperature effect the sampling of first segment cell voltage, has improved the stability of system greatly.
In embodiments of the present invention, during battery more than detecting first segment, sampling can be divided into sampling of even number joint and the just sampling of odd number joint: in detection the 2nd, when 4...2n saves monomer battery voltage; Behind the output voltage stabilization of low pressure difference linear voltage regulator 152, single-chip microcomputer 14 is according to the sequential circulation output sampling control signal of setting, and dual numbers joint monomer battery voltage is sampled successively; So that the 2nd joint monomer battery voltage is measured as example, single-chip microcomputer 14 (if the 2n batteries is measured, then saves the sampling control signal of switch element output low level to the sampling control signal of switching tube Q22 and switching tube Q12 output low level to 2n joint and 2n-1; N is a natural number here); Make switching tube Q22 and switching tube Q12 conducting, other switching tube turn-offs, and makes; Switching tube Q22 and switching tube Q12 conducting; And then switching tube Q21 and switching tube Q11 conducting, at this moment, the second operational amplifier U2 is in normal difference duty; The cell voltage of the 2nd joint (even number joint) is exported to the ADCEVEN input port of single-chip microcomputer 14, accomplish the detection that saves (even number joint) cell voltage to the 2nd.
When detection the 3rd, 5...2n+1 joint monomer battery voltage, behind the output voltage stabilization of low pressure difference linear voltage regulator 152, single-chip microcomputer 14 is according to the sequential circulation output sampling control signal of setting; Successively odd number joint monomer battery voltage is sampled, so that the 3rd joint monomer battery voltage is measured as example, single-chip microcomputer 14 to the sampling control signal of switching tube Q32 and switching tube Q22 output high level (as if the 2n+1 batteries is measured; Then save the sampling control signal that switch element is exported high level) to 2n+1 joint and 2n; Make switching tube Q32 and switching tube Q22 conducting, other switching tube turn-offs, and makes; Switching tube Q32 and switching tube Q22 conducting; And then switching tube Q31 and switching tube Q21 conducting, at this moment, the first operational amplifier U1 is in normal difference duty; The cell voltage of the 3rd joint (2n+1 joint) is exported to the ADCODD input port of single-chip microcomputer 14, accomplish the detection that saves (2n+1 joint) cell voltage to the 3rd.
In sampling process, owing to introduced input impedance matching resistance, amplifier difference channel inconsistent, and the problems such as pressure drop of on-off circuit, single-chip microcomputer 14 is further calibrated sampled voltage, to reduce error, improves measuring accuracy.
In embodiments of the present invention, under standby or dormant state, the coil blackout of 16 pairs of relays 151 of switch control unit; The switch of relay 151 breaks off; Low pressure difference linear voltage regulator 152 stops control module 14 power supplies, and the entire circuit power down is to realize saving to greatest extent energy consumption.
In embodiments of the present invention, this battery voltage detection circuit can detect n batteries voltage, and this n batteries voltage can be for being connected in series or not having annexation, and n should satisfy in addition: n * V
Min>=5 volts, and n * V
Max≤60 volts, V wherein
MinBe the minimum voltage of single battery, V
MaxCeiling voltage for single battery.
In embodiments of the present invention; Only through two computing amplifying unit oem character sets to battery sampling to be measured, simple in structure, greatly saved the quantity of number of switches and operational amplifier unit; Saved cost of manufacture; And in power conversion unit, increase switch control, make this battery voltage detection circuit extremely low, and then reduce the power consumption difference of a plurality of batteries in dormancy or holding state power consumption.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a battery voltage detection circuit is characterized in that, said circuit comprises:
A plurality of switch elements; The input end of said a plurality of switch elements in regular turn with the mesuring battary group in the positive pole of a plurality of cells of connecting connect one to one; Said a plurality of switch element is strange successively to positive pole from the negative pole of mesuring battary group, even permutation, is used for conducting or shutoff under the control of control signal;
The first amplifier unit; The positive input of the said first amplifier unit is connected with the output terminal of said odd number joint switch element; The reverse input end of the said first amplifier unit is connected with the output terminal of said even number joint switch element; Be used for when said switch element conducting the monomer battery voltage of the said odd number joint of correspondence is sampled, export first sampled voltage;
The second amplifier unit; The positive input of the said second amplifier unit is connected with the output terminal of said even number joint switch element; The reverse input end of the said second amplifier unit is connected with the output terminal of said odd number joint switch element; Be used for when said switch element conducting the monomer battery voltage of the said even number joint of correspondence is sampled, export second sampled voltage;
Control module; A plurality of input ends of said control module are connected with the output terminal of the said first amplifier unit, the output terminal of the said second amplifier unit respectively; A plurality of output terminals of said control module are connected with the control end of each said switch element respectively; Be used for after power supply, exporting conducting or the shutoff that said control signal is controlled said switch element, and said first sampled voltage or second sampled voltage are carried out analog to digital conversion;
Power conversion unit; The input end of said power conversion unit is connected with the positive pole of said mesuring battary group; The output terminal of said power conversion unit is connected with the feeder ear of said control module; The control end of said power conversion unit is connected with the output terminal of external switch control module, is used for when for said control module stable working power being provided.
2. circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said switch element comprises:
Switching tube Q11, switching tube Q21, resistance R 11, resistance R 21, resistance R 3, resistance R 41 and diode D11;
The input end of said switching tube Q11 is that the input end of said switch element is connected with the control end of said switching tube Q11 through resistance R 11; The output terminal of said switching tube Q11 is connected with the anode of said diode D11; The negative electrode of said diode D11 is the output terminal of said switch element; The input end of said switching tube Q21 is that the control end of said switch element connects supply voltage through said resistance R 41; The output terminal of said switching tube Q21 is connected with the control end of said switching tube Q11, and the control end of said switching tube Q21 connects supply voltage through resistance R 3.
3. circuit as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said switching tube Q11 is the positive-negative-positive triode; The input end of said switching tube Q11 is the emitter of said positive-negative-positive triode, and the output terminal of said switching tube Q11 is the collector of said positive-negative-positive triode, and the control end of said switching tube Q11 is the base stage of said positive-negative-positive triode;
Said switching tube Q21 is a N type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the input end of said switching tube Q21 is the source electrode of said N type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the output terminal of said switching tube Q21 is the drain electrode of said N type metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the control end of said switching tube Q21 is the grid level of said N type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
4. circuit as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said switch element also comprises:
Resistance R 51 and capacitor C 11;
One end of said resistance R 51 is the input end of said switch element, and the other end of said resistance R 51 is connected with the input end of said switching tube Q11 and an end of said capacitor C 11 simultaneously, and the other end of said capacitor C 11 is connected with the negative pole of said cell.
5. circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the said first amplifier unit comprises:
First operational amplifier, resistance R 61, resistance R 62, resistance R 63, resistance R 64, resistance R 65, stabilivolt D21 and capacitor C 21;
The positive input of said first operational amplifier is connected with an end of said resistance R 61; The positive input of said first operational amplifier is simultaneously through resistance R 64 ground connection; The other end of said resistance R 61 is the positive input of the said first amplifier unit; The reverse input end of said first operational amplifier is connected with an end of said resistance R 62; The other end of said resistance R 62 is the reverse input end of the said first amplifier unit; The output terminal of said first operational amplifier is connected with the reverse input end of said first operational amplifier, and the output terminal of said first operational amplifier is connected with the negative electrode of said voltage stabilizing diode D21, an end of said capacitor C 21 respectively simultaneously, and the anode of the other end of said capacitor C 21 and said voltage stabilizing diode D21 is ground connection simultaneously;
The said second amplifier unit comprises:
Second operational amplifier, resistance R 71, resistance R 72, resistance R 73, resistance R 74, resistance R 75, stabilivolt D22 and capacitor C 22;
The positive input of said second operational amplifier is connected with an end of said resistance R 71; The positive input of said second operational amplifier is simultaneously through resistance R 74 ground connection; The other end of said resistance R 71 is the positive input of the said second amplifier unit; The reverse input end of said second operational amplifier is connected with an end of said resistance R 72; The other end of said resistance R 72 is the reverse input end of the said second amplifier unit; The output terminal of said second operational amplifier is connected with the reverse input end of said second operational amplifier, and the output terminal of said second operational amplifier is connected with the negative electrode of said voltage stabilizing diode D22, an end of said capacitor C 22 respectively simultaneously, and the anode of the other end of said capacitor C 22 and said voltage stabilizing diode D22 is ground connection simultaneously.
6. circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said control module adopts the single-chip microcomputer with 10bit and above ADC converter.
7. circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said power conversion unit comprises:
Relay, low pressure difference linear voltage regulator, capacitor C 31 and capacitor C 32;
The common port of said relay is the input end of said power conversion unit; The Chang Kaiduan of said relay is connected with the input end of said low pressure difference linear voltage regulator; Said relay coil two ends are control end; The output terminal of said low pressure difference linear voltage regulator is that the output terminal of said power conversion unit is connected with an end of capacitor C 31 and capacitor C 32 respectively, and the other end of said capacitor C 31, capacitor C 32 and the earth terminal of low pressure difference linear voltage regulator be ground connection simultaneously.
8. circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said circuit also comprises:
First interface, each pin of said first interface is connected with the input end of said switch element, is used for the slot grafting mesuring battary group at said first interface.
9. circuit as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said circuit also comprises:
The anode of diode D1 in the subsidiary unit, the input end of said subsidiary unit and said first segment switch element is connected, and the output terminal of said subsidiary unit is connected with an input end of said control module, is used to measure the first segment cell voltage.
10. a battery management system is characterized in that, said battery management system comprises like each described battery voltage detection circuit of claim 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110275389 CN102331561B (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2011-09-16 | Battery voltage detection circuit and battery management system |
| HK12106935.1A HK1166135A1 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2012-07-13 | Battery voltage detecting circuit and battery management system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110275389 CN102331561B (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2011-09-16 | Battery voltage detection circuit and battery management system |
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| CN102331561B CN102331561B (en) | 2013-06-26 |
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