CN102326682B - Feed additive for stichopus japonicus, preparation method and compound feed containing feed additive - Google Patents
Feed additive for stichopus japonicus, preparation method and compound feed containing feed additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN102326682B CN102326682B CN2011101961322A CN201110196132A CN102326682B CN 102326682 B CN102326682 B CN 102326682B CN 2011101961322 A CN2011101961322 A CN 2011101961322A CN 201110196132 A CN201110196132 A CN 201110196132A CN 102326682 B CN102326682 B CN 102326682B
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed additive for stichopus japonicus, a preparation method and a compound feed containing the feed additive. The feed additive for the stichopus japonicus comprises the following raw materials: rhubarb, baical skullcap root, Chinese gall, honeysuckle flower, wild chrysanthemum, indigowoad root and a synergistic agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: weighing the raw materials in a weight ratio; crushing all the raw materials; and putting all the crushed raw materials into a mixer sequentially, and mixing uniformly. The compound feed containing the additive comprises 1 to 3 weight percent of additive. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that: the additive is prepared from Chinese medicinal herbs, does not have medicinal tolerance and toxic or side effects, can improve the growth speed of the stichopus japonicus obviously, improve the immunological activity of the stichopus japonicus and enhance the disease-resistant capacity of the stichopus japonicus, and has extremely high resistance to vibrio splendidus serving as main pathogenic bacteria. The stichopus japonicus is difficult to sicken, the survival rate is improved obviously, and the production benefit is improved obviously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the apostichopus japonicus culture technical field, particularly a kind of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive and preparation method and the mixed feed that comprises this additive.
Background technology
The sea cucumber kind is a lot, and China marine site has more than 100 to plant, can be edible kind more than 20 arranged.Sea cucumber is exactly excellent tonic product since ancient times, especially in recent years since, because it improves immunity and anti-fatigue effect, market demand increases day by day.China starts from the fifties for the research of stichopus japonicus, from late nineteen seventies, has carried out successively that stichopus japonicus breeds, the basic and applied research such as rearing of fingerling, enhancement releasing technology, cultural technique and stichopus japonicus aestivation, and has obtained significant achievement in research.Break through stichopus japonicus artificial seed raising technology the eighties; seed rearing reaches the scale level; the fast development of apostichopus japonicus culture scale; over past ten years; only the Shandong Province In 2003 seedling water has reached 1 4.5 ten thousand steres, and output of seedling 1 2.7 hundred million, cultured area reach 2 5.4 ten thousand mu; account for 1/3 of the whole nation cultivation gross area, estimated output can reach 2250 tons.
Developed country comes prophylactic generation with vaccine usually in the fish culture process, ban use of antibiotic.Growth accelerator is used widely in the Fish-water Fish Farming at home in recent years, mostly be the product of country's forbiddings such as olaquindox, steroids and antibiotics, as 0.05% olaquindox of the report such as the leaf Jin Yun of Zhejiang Province's fresh water research institute (1991) can make one age Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus Speed improving about 15%; The Liu Zong of Chinese Academy of Sciences institute of oceanography posts in 1998 etc. make an addition to the lefteye flounder 45 days of feeding in the feed with salmon growth hormone, and its rate of body weight gain improves 35.5%.But the additive of steroids comes hidden danger can for the food safety belt, sustainable growth and development along with China's culture fishery, aquatic products quantity has had large increase, people more and more are concerned about nutrition and health problem, and are more and more stricter to the Safety of Aquatic Products hygienic requirements, therefore, solve the safety problem of aquatic products, imperative, otherwise this will affect the development of China's culture fishery.
Cultural technique improves constantly and the cultivation scale constantly enlarges, be surging forward at the northern China apostichopus japonicus culture especially, and having of disease significantly increased the weight of trend in the apostichopus japonicus culture process, the quality of mixed feed directly affects health and the breeding environment quality of culturing stichopus japonicus, and reasonably additive for fodder can increase substantially the production performance of stichopus japonicus and premunition etc.
Summary of the invention
For the production performance that improves stichopus japonicus and the premunition of culturing stichopus japonicus, drug residue free in the stichopus japonicus body of cultivation simultaneously, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive and preparation method and has comprised the mixed feed of this additive.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive, wherein, various raw materials and the percentage by weight of described additive are: rheum officinale 20%-25%, the root of large-flowered skullcap 20%-25%, Chinese gall 20%-25%, honeysuckle 10%-20%, mother chrysanthemum 10%-20%, Radix Isatidis 10%-20%; The percentage by weight sum of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive, wherein, various raw materials and the percentage by weight of described additive are: rheum officinale 20%-25%, the root of large-flowered skullcap 20%-25%, Chinese gall 20%-25%, honeysuckle 10%-20%, mother chrysanthemum 10%-20%, Radix Isatidis 10%-20%, synergist 5%-10%; The percentage by weight sum of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%.
Described synergist is compound sodium nitrophenolate, sodium humate or algal polysaccharides.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention provides again the preparation method of above-mentioned two kinds of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additives, and wherein, described preparation method is:
A, take by weighing various raw materials according to percentage by weight;
B, various raw materials are pulverized;
C, the various raw materials after will pulverizing drop in the mixer successively, mix.
Among the described step b, grinding particle size is 200 orders.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention also provides the mixed feed that comprises one of above-mentioned two kinds of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additives, and wherein, the percentage by weight of described additive is 1%-3%.
The percentage by weight of described additive is 1%.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is brought is: additive adopts Chinese herbal medicine formula, do not produce drug resistance and toxic and side effect, to drug residue free in the stichopus japonicus body, can significantly improve the speed of growth of stichopus japonicus, improve simultaneously the stichopus japonicus immunocompetence, strengthen the premunition of stichopus japonicus, for the Main Pathogenic Bacteria Vibrio splindidus good resistance is arranged also.Stichopus japonicus is susceptible disease not, and survival rate is significantly improved, and has obviously improved productivity effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the survival rate that the described injection Vibrio splindidus of the embodiment of the invention is attacked rear each time point control group of poison and each test group.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1(additive):
A kind of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive, wherein, various raw materials and the percentage by weight of additive are: rheum officinale 24%, the root of large-flowered skullcap 24%, Chinese gall 15%, honeysuckle 15%, mother chrysanthemum 11%, Radix Isatidis 11%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned additive is:
A, take by weighing various raw materials according to percentage by weight;
B, various raw materials are pulverized; Grinding particle size is 200 orders, can 100% after namely pulverizing by 200 mesh sieves;
C, the various raw materials after will pulverizing drop in the mixer successively, mix.
Embodiment 2(additive):
A kind of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive, wherein, various raw materials and the percentage by weight of additive are: rheum officinale 22%, the root of large-flowered skullcap 22%, Chinese gall 12%, honeysuckle 12%, mother chrysanthemum 12%, Radix Isatidis 12% and 8% synergist.
Synergist is algal polysaccharides.
The preparation method of above-mentioned additive is:
A, take by weighing various raw materials according to percentage by weight;
B, various raw materials are pulverized; Grinding particle size is 200 orders, can 100% after namely pulverizing by 200 mesh sieves;
C, the various raw materials after will pulverizing drop in the mixer successively, mix.
Embodiment 3(additive):
A kind of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive, wherein, various raw materials and the percentage by weight of additive are: rheum officinale 25%, the root of large-flowered skullcap 20%, Chinese gall 15%, honeysuckle 15%, mother chrysanthemum 10%, Radix Isatidis 10% and 5% synergist.
Synergist is algal polysaccharides.
The preparation method of above-mentioned additive is:
A, take by weighing various raw materials according to percentage by weight;
B, various raw materials are pulverized; Grinding particle size is 200 orders, can 100% after namely pulverizing by 200 mesh sieves;
C, the various raw materials after will pulverizing drop in the mixer successively, mix.
Embodiment 4(additive):
A kind of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive, wherein, various raw materials and the percentage by weight of additive are: rheum officinale 23%, the root of large-flowered skullcap 23%, Chinese gall 12%, honeysuckle 12%, mother chrysanthemum 10%, Radix Isatidis 10% and 10% synergist.
Synergist is algal polysaccharides.
The preparation method of above-mentioned additive is:
A, take by weighing various raw materials according to percentage by weight;
B, various raw materials are pulverized; Grinding particle size is 200 orders, can 100% after namely pulverizing by 200 mesh sieves;
C, the various raw materials after will pulverizing drop in the mixer successively, mix.
Embodiment 1(mixed feed):
Contain any one the mixed feed of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive of embodiment (additive) 1-4, wherein, the percentage by weight of above-mentioned additive is 1%, and namely additive evenly adds in the mixed feed according to 1% ratio.
Embodiment 2(mixed feed):
Contain any one the mixed feed of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive of embodiment (additive) 1-4, wherein, the percentage by weight of above-mentioned additive is 2%, and namely additive evenly adds in the mixed feed according to 3% ratio.
Embodiment 3(mixed feed):
Contain any one the mixed feed of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive of embodiment (additive) 1-4, wherein, the percentage by weight of above-mentioned additive is 3%, and namely additive evenly adds in the mixed feed according to 3% ratio.
Contrast test:
Choose average weight for (2.80 ± 0.00cm) stichopus japonicus are tested.
Control group adopts the common apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed prescription that does not add Chinese herbal medicine; Test group 1 adopts has added embodiment 1(additive) the Chinese herbal medicine of prescription, and the percentage by weight that adds is 1%.Test group 2 adopts has added embodiment 2(additive) the Chinese herbal medicine of prescription, and the percentage by weight that adds is 2%; Test group 3 adopts has added embodiment 3(additive) the Chinese herbal medicine of prescription, and the percentage by weight that adds is 3%; Concrete prescription sees Table 1.
The common apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed of table 1. forms with the prescription of the feed that adds Chinese herb feed additive.
Control group and each test group feed see Table 2 to the impact of stichopus japonicus growth performance.
Add in table 2. feed Chinese herb feed additive on the impact of stichopus japonicus growth performance (mean value ± standard error, n=4)
By as seen from Table 2, survival rate and the speed of growth to stichopus japonicus of adding each test group of Chinese herbal medicine in the feed all are significantly increased, and the heavy and specific growth rate of the whole opisthosoma of test group 1 improves respectively 25.4% and 33.3%; The whole opisthosoma of test group 2 is heavy to improve respectively 28.3% and 41.7% with specific growth rate; The whole opisthosoma of test group 3 is heavy to improve respectively 30.1% and 47.2% with specific growth rate.
Control group and each test group feed see Table 3 to the impact of stichopus japonicus immune indexes.
Add in table 3. feed Chinese herb feed additive on the impact of stichopus japonicus immune indexes (mean value ± standard error, n=4)
The height of immune indexes has reflected the height of stichopus japonicus to the resistance of disease.As can be seen from Table 3, the every immune indexes that adds the stichopus japonicus of Chinese herb feed additive feed has had and has significantly improved (p＜0.05), wherein, antalzyme activity, acid phosphatase and the superoxide dismutase activity of stichopus japonicus are compared with control group and are improved respectively 46.4%, 25.1% and 32.8% in the test group 1; The antalzyme activity of stichopus japonicus, acid phosphatase and superoxide dismutase activity are compared with control group and are improved respectively 65.9%, 48.6% and 46.6% in the test group 2; The antalzyme activity of stichopus japonicus, acid phosphatase and superoxide dismutase activity are compared with control group and are improved respectively 67.3%, 50.1% and 47.8% in the test group 3.
With Vibrio splindidus test is carried out challenge test with stichopus japonicus.Determine that through trial test the malicious concentration of attacking of Vibrio splindidus is 108 cfu/ml, ID 50 μ l/ heads, record are attacked the rear 3d of poison, and the cumulative mortality of each group is seen Fig. 1 in the 6d, 9d and 12d.
The result shows: the survival rate of stichopus japonicus injection Vibrio splindidus 3d, 6d, 9d and the 12d of control group is respectively 100%, 83%, 70% and 33%; The survival rate of stichopus japonicus injection Vibrio splindidus 3d, 6d, 9d and the 12d of test group 1 is respectively 100%, 97%, 88% and 73%; The survival rate of stichopus japonicus injection Vibrio splindidus 3d, 6d, 9d and the 12d of test group 2 is respectively 100%, 98%, 91% and 80%; The survival rate of stichopus japonicus injection Vibrio splindidus 3d, 6d, 9d and the 12d of test group 3 is respectively 100%, 98%, 93% and 82%; The survival rate of each test group is significantly higher than control group (p＜0.05).
Comprehensive above result of the test, Chinese herb feed additive can significantly improve the speed of growth of stichopus japonicus, improves simultaneously the stichopus japonicus immunocompetence, strengthens the premunition of stichopus japonicus, for the Main Pathogenic Bacteria Vibrio splindidus good resistance is arranged also.Stichopus japonicus is susceptible disease not, and survival rate is significantly improved, and has obviously improved productivity effect.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. an apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive is characterized in that, various raw materials and the percentage by weight of described additive are: rheum officinale 20%-25%, the root of large-flowered skullcap 20%-25%, Chinese gall 20%-25%, honeysuckle 10%-20%, mother chrysanthemum 10%-20%, Radix Isatidis 10%-20%; The percentage by weight sum of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%.
2. an apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive is characterized in that, various raw materials and the percentage by weight of described additive are: rheum officinale 20%-25%, the root of large-flowered skullcap 20%-25%, Chinese gall 20%-25%, honeysuckle 10%-20%, mother chrysanthemum 10%-20%, Radix Isatidis 10%-20%, synergist 5%-10%; The percentage by weight sum of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%.
3. apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described synergist is compound sodium nitrophenolate, sodium humate or algal polysaccharides.
4. the preparation method of the arbitrary described apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive of claim 1-3 is characterized in that, described preparation method is:
A, take by weighing various raw materials according to percentage by weight;
B, various raw materials are pulverized;
C, the various raw materials after will pulverizing drop in the mixer successively, mix.
5. the preparation method of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive according to claim 4 is characterized in that, among the described step b, grinding particle size is 200 orders.
6. a mixed feed that comprises the arbitrary described apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed additive of claim 1-3 is characterized in that, the percentage by weight of described additive is 1%-3%.
7. mixed feed according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the percentage by weight of described additive is 1%.
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| CN103222554A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-07-31 | 大连海洋大学 | Compound Chinese herbal medicine additive for sea cucumber and preparation method thereof |
| CN103385390B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2014-12-17 | 青岛七好营养科技有限公司 | Artificial particle feed for juvenile turbot |
| CN103463388A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-25 | 兴化市恒威生物技术有限公司 | Medicinal composition for treating turtle scabies disease and preparation method thereof |
| CN111991532A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-11-27 | 四川成康动物药业有限公司 | Medicine for treating aquatic vibriosis |
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| CN101095721A (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2008-01-02 | 辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院 | Sea cucumber Chinese medicinal herb preparations for preventing diseases and increasing the weight |
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| CN101095721A (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2008-01-02 | 辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院 | Sea cucumber Chinese medicinal herb preparations for preventing diseases and increasing the weight |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王兴强等.中草药制剂在对虾养殖中的应用.《海洋科学》.2008,(第07期), * |
| 王海华.中草药防治水产动物疾病及药理学研究进展.《中兽医学杂志》.2004,(第04期), * |
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