CN102322942B - Vibration signal vector ellipse spectrum analyzing method of rotating machinery - Google Patents
Vibration signal vector ellipse spectrum analyzing method of rotating machinery Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vibration signal vector ellipse spectrum analyzing method of rotating machinery, belonging to the analysis field of vibration signals of the rotating machinery. In the method, vibration signals acquired in two mutually-vertical directions arranged on the same section of a rotor are subjected to fusion analysis, and a plurality of parameters such as main vibration vector, auxiliary vibration vector, vibration vector angle, eccentricity, vibration vector ratio, ellipse area, rotary energy of rotor elliptical motion, and the like for describing an elliptical motion track are solved by using once rapid Fourier conversion. The vector ellipse spectrum analyzing method disclosed by the invention fuses information of full spectrum, holographic spectrum and vector spectrum, and can give a filter axis locus of appointed frequency components, thereby more simply and accurately describing the rotor elliptical motion rule.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spectral analysis method of rotating machinery vibrating signal, belong to rotating machinery vibrating signal analysis field.
Background technology
Monitor the state of rotating machinery by vibration analysis, need arrange that on a cross section two orthogonal sensors measure vibration signal usually.Spectrum analysis is one of method that is most widely used in the vibration analysis.Traditional Fourier method is only analyzed at the data of single-sensor probe, can not provide the overall picture of rotor oscillation.
Deficiency at single probe data spectrum analysis, developed the homologous information convergence analysis technology of utilizing two probe signals, wherein more influentially be: full spectrum (full spectrum), holographic spectrum (holospectrum) and vow spectrum (vector spectrum claims full the arrow to compose again).Three kinds of methods can be used for judging the precession direction of rotor under a certain frequency, full spectral analysis technology utilize positive and negative precession component magnitude relationship, vow that spectral analysis technology judges that by pair vow positive and negative that shake holographic spectrum then directly provides the direction of motion of elliptical orbit under some characteristic frequency.
Full spectrum, holographic spectrum and arrow spectrum all are based upon carries out on the basis of Fourier conversion signal.Full spectrum and holographic spectrum need be carried out the Fourier conversion respectively to the data-signal of two sensor probes, vow to compose and then two probe datas are carried out Combined Treatment, only need a Fourier conversion.Full spectrum, arrow spectrum, holographic spectrum all are a kind of description to rotor elliptical motion rule, only the angle difference of description.What spectrum was showed entirely is two circular motion components of formation ellipse, and what the arrow spectrum was showed is the elliptic geometry formal parameter, and what displaying was composed in holography is the elliptical shape of some characteristic frequency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to describe the shortcoming of rotor elliptical motion rule for solving existing spectral analysis method comprehensively, provide a kind of rotating machinery vibrating signal to vow ellipse spectral analysis method, utilize a quick Fourier transformation (FFT) to realize comprehensive description of rotor elliptical motion rule.
Rotating machinery vibrating signal of the present invention is vowed ellipse spectral analysis method, specifically comprises the steps:
Step 1 is utilized to be arranged in the vibration signal that orthogonal two sensor probe X and Y on the same cross section of rotor measure rotor, vibration signal is carried out discretize handle, and obtains the discrete signal that length is N, is designated as x (n) and y (n) respectively;
Step 3 is carried out quick Fourier transformation (FFT) to the complex signal z (n) of step 2 and is handled, and obtains coefficient c
n=c
R, n+ jc
I, n, n=0,1,2 ..., N-1;
Step 4, on the basis of step 3, usage factor c
nCalculate the parameter of rotor elliptic motion trace and the filtering orbit of shaft center of assigned frequency composition;
Step 5, on the basis of step 4, with the parameterized graphics demonstration of rotor elliptic motion trace, and the filtering orbit of shaft center of drafting assigned frequency composition.
Beneficial effect
The ellipse spectral analysis method of arrow of the present invention carries out convergence analysis to the homology vibration signal of rotor, only needs a FFT to handle a plurality of parameters that can obtain describing the rotor elliptic motion trace, can describe the elliptical motion rule of rotor comprehensively.The ellipse spectral analysis method of arrow of the present invention has not only merged full spectrum, holographic spectrum and has vowed the information that spectrum is expressed, and can provide the filtering orbit of shaft center of assigned frequency composition, thereby more succinct, relevantly described rotor elliptical motion rule.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 vows the process flow diagram of ellipse spectral analysis method for rotating machinery vibrating signal of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is actual signal and a frequency spectrum thereof in the specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the ellipse spectrum of the arrow of actual signal in the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For objects and advantages of the present invention better are described, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The rotating machinery vibrating signal is vowed ellipse spectral analysis method, and its overall technological scheme specifically comprises the steps: as shown in Figure 1
Step 1 is utilized to be arranged in the vibration signal that orthogonal two sensor probe X and Y on the same cross section of rotor measure rotor, vibration signal is carried out discretize handle, and obtains the discrete signal that length is N, is designated as x (n) and y (n) respectively;
Step 3 is carried out quick Fourier transformation (FFT) to the complex signal z (n) of step 2 and is handled, and obtains coefficient c
n=c
R, n+ jc
I, n, n=0,1,2 ..., N-1;
Step 4, on the basis of step 3, usage factor c
nCalculate the parameter of rotor elliptic motion trace and the filtering orbit of shaft center of assigned frequency composition;
The parameter of described rotor elliptic motion trace must parameters calculated comprise: main arrows that shake, pair shake arrows, shake arrow angle, eccentricity, and can select parameters calculated to have: the rotation energy of shake arrow ratio, ellipse area, rotor elliptical motion;
The parameter of described rotor elliptic motion trace, its computing formula is:
Main shaking vowed R
A, n=| c
R, n+ jc
I, n|+| c
R, N-1-n+ jc
I, N-1-n|,
Pair is shaken and is vowed R
B, n=| c
R, n+ jc
I, n|-| c
R, N-1-n+ jc
I, N-1-n|,
Shake and vow the angle
φ wherein
n=[arg (c
R, n+ jc
I, n)+arg (c
R, N-1-n+ jc
I, N-1-n)]/2,
Eccentricity
The arrow that shakes compares r
n=R
B, n/ R
A, n,
Ellipse area s
n=π | R
B, n|| R
A, n|,
The rotation energy of rotor elliptical motion
The value of n is n=0 in above-mentioned each calculation of parameter formula, 1,2 ..., N/2-1;
The computing formula of the filtering orbit of shaft center of described assigned frequency composition is
T wherein
1Expression discrete time point.
Step 5, on the basis of step 4, with the parameterized graphics demonstration of rotor elliptic motion trace, and the filtering orbit of shaft center of drafting assigned frequency composition.
The parameterized graphics demonstration of described rotor elliptic motion trace, the main resultant pair of shaking are shaken and are vowed and must use graphic presentation, and other parameter can show with graphic form, also can be with digital form demonstration.
Embodiment
With certain model compressor actual vibration signal is that example describes.X, the Y discrete signal that measured of probe and frequency spectrum thereof as shown in Figure 2, subgraph (a) and (c) be respectively the signal that X, Y probe measures wherein, subgraph (b) and (d) be respectively the pop one's head in frequency spectrum of the signal that measures of X, Y.By the dominant frequency that can see signal on the spectrogram of Fig. 2 signal and harmonics composition, but can not provide the precession situation of rotor in each frequency content.
Will X, the Y probe signal merges back structure complex signal, carries out after FFT handles, the ellipse spectrum of the arrow that obtains is as shown in Figure 3.The right axle shaft of Fig. 3 (a) is that the main arrow that shakes, left half cycle axle are the pair arrow that shakes, and Fig. 3 (b) is that octave is vowed ellipse spectrum, and wherein BW represents that anti-precession, FW represent positive precession.The ellipse spectrum of the arrow of Fig. 3 not only can intuitively be observed the major and minor axis size in a certain frequency content lower rotor part elliptical motion, and provided the precession direction of rotor under a certain frequency content, such as, precession direction for 74.2Hz, 146.5Hz, 289.1Hz is anti-precession, and the precession direction of 216.8Hz and 361.3Hz is positive precession, can also judge the precession direction by vow positive and negative that shake of pair among Fig. 3 (a), when pair shake vow get on the occasion of the time, the precession direction is positive precession, shake when pair and to vow that when getting negative value, the precession direction is anti-precession.
The ellipse spectrum of arrow shown in Figure 3 not only can show the precession direction of rotor under a certain frequency content, has also shown the elliptical shape of assigned frequency composition, and hence one can see that, for the analysis of rotating machinery vibrating signal, vows that the form of expression of ellipse spectrum is more succinct, proper.
Above-described specific descriptions; purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect to invention further describe; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; and be not intended to limit the scope of the invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the rotating machinery vibrating signal is vowed ellipse spectral analysis method, it is characterized in that: specifically comprise the steps:
Step 1 is utilized to be arranged in the vibration signal that orthogonal two sensor probe X and Y on the same cross section of rotor measure rotor, vibration signal is carried out discretize handle, and obtains the discrete signal that length is N, is designated as x (n) and y (n) respectively;
Step 2 is utilized signal x (n) and y (n), and structure length is Discrete Complex signal z (n)=x (n)+jy (n) of N, and wherein j represents imaginary unit;
Step 3 is carried out quick Fourier transformation (FFT) to the complex signal z (n) of step 2 and is handled, and obtains coefficient c
n=c
R, n+ jc
I, n, n=0,1,2 ... N-1;
Step 4, on the basis of step 3, usage factor c
nCalculate the parameter of rotor elliptic motion trace and the filtering orbit of shaft center of assigned frequency composition;
The parameter of described rotor elliptic motion trace must parameters calculated comprise: main arrows that shake, pair shake arrows, shake arrow angle, eccentricity, and can select parameters calculated to have: the rotation energy of shake arrow ratio, ellipse area, rotor elliptical motion;
The parameter of described rotor elliptic motion trace, its computing formula is:
Main shaking vowed R
A, n=| c
R, n+ jc
I, n|+| c
R, N-1-n+ jc
I, N-1-n|,
Pair is shaken and is vowed R
B, n=| c
R, n+ jc
I, n|-| c
R, N-1-n+ jc
I, N-1-n|,
Shake and vow the angle
φ n=[arg (c wherein
R, n+ jc
I, n)+arg (c
R, N-1-n+ jc
I, N-1-n)]/2,
Eccentricity
The arrow that shakes compares r
n=R
B, n/ R
A, n,
Ellipse area s
n=π | R
B, n|| R
A, n|,
The rotation energy of rotor elliptical motion
The value of n is n=0 in above-mentioned each calculation of parameter formula, 1,2 ..., N/2-1,
The filtering orbit of shaft center of described assigned frequency composition, its computing formula is
T wherein
iExpression discrete time point;
Step 5, on the basis of step 4, with the parameterized graphics demonstration of rotor elliptic motion trace, and the filtering orbit of shaft center of drafting assigned frequency composition.
2. rotating machinery vibrating signal according to claim 1 is vowed ellipse spectral analysis method, it is characterized in that: the parameterized graphics demonstration of described step 5 rotor elliptic motion trace, the main resultant pair of shaking is shaken and is vowed and must use graphic presentation, and the main resultant pair of shaking is shaken and is vowed and show on a subgraph, right axle shaft is that the main arrow that shakes, left half cycle axle are the pair arrow that shakes, other parameter shows that with graphic form perhaps the form with numeral shows.
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| CN103412145B (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2014-12-17 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Automatic identifying method of rotor system shaft center track precessional motion direction |
| CN104677619B (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2017-06-30 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Rotary machine fault characteristic extraction method based on the bilateral spectrum of complex signal |
| CN104849037A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-19 | 重庆大学 | Rotation machinery fault diagnosis method based on complex signal double-side spectrum analysis |
| CN106053034B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2018-03-13 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of rotating machinery holographic diagnostics method based on frequency modulated information reconstruct |
| CN106017956B (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2018-05-08 | 重庆大学 | Rotary machinery fault diagnosis new method based on translational energy difference density spectrum analysis |
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Denomination of invention: Vector ellipsometry analysis method for vibration signals of rotating machinery Effective date of registration: 20210315 Granted publication date: 20130731 Pledgee: Dalian Branch of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: DALIAN SHENGLILAI MONITORING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021210000010 |
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Date of cancellation: 20230718 Granted publication date: 20130731 Pledgee: Dalian Branch of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: DALIAN SHENGLILAI MONITORING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021210000010 |
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Denomination of invention: Vector Ellipsoid Spectrum Analysis Method for Vibration Signals of Rotating Machinery Effective date of registration: 20230719 Granted publication date: 20130731 Pledgee: Dalian Branch of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: DALIAN SHENGLILAI MONITORING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023210000179 |
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