CN102316280B - Image sensor and method for eliminating power supply noises of image sensor - Google Patents
Image sensor and method for eliminating power supply noises of image sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102316280B CN102316280B CN 201010223547 CN201010223547A CN102316280B CN 102316280 B CN102316280 B CN 102316280B CN 201010223547 CN201010223547 CN 201010223547 CN 201010223547 A CN201010223547 A CN 201010223547A CN 102316280 B CN102316280 B CN 102316280B
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Abstract
The invention provides an image sensor and a method for eliminating power supply noises of the image sensor. The image sensor comprises a pixel array, a noise acquisition circuit, a pixel unit signal output circuit and a noise removing circuit, wherein each row of the pixel array comprises standard pixel units and non-daylighting dark pixel units; the noise acquisition circuit is used for obtaining power supply noise differences by utilizing power supply signals which are acquired by the dark pixel units for the first time and the second time and superposed with the power supply noises; the pixel unit signal output circuit is used for obtaining photo-converted electric signals superposed with the power supply noise differences by utilizing the power supply signals which are acquired for the first time by the standard pixel units and superposed with the power supply noises and photo-converted electric signals which are acquired for the second time by the standard pixel units and superposed with the power supply noises and the power supply signals; and the noise removing circuit is used for removing the power supply noise differences from the photo-converted electric signals superposed with the power supply noise differences, thereby improving the image displaying quality of the image sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to image processing field, particularly the method for a kind of imageing sensor and removal of images sensor electrical source noise.
Background technology
The cmos image sensing technology is a kind of technology based on CMOS technology, is obtaining development fast over past ten years.Cmos image sensor is gathered, transmits, is handled and export image by integrated analog-and digital-circuit.This technology is compared to the image sensing technology of other types, have the integrated level height, low in energy consumption, cost is low, advantage such as powerful, is a kind of technology that bright prospects are arranged.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of existing imageing sensor.Existing imageing sensor as shown in Figure 1, comprises pel array 10, double sampling circuit 20 and analog to digital conversion circuit 30.Wherein, have the standard pixel unit 11 of arrayed in the pel array 10, described standard pixel unit 11 is used for gathering light signal, and is converted into the signal of telecommunication, i.e. the light conversion back signal of telecommunication.Normally adopt the mode that described pel array 10 is lined by line scan to obtain the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of described pel array 10 outputs in the prior art, described light conversion back signal of telecommunication parallel transmission with every capable pel array 10 outputs arrives double sampling circuit 20, each double sampling circuit 20 corresponding row standard pixel unit 11 then.The cycle of described pel array 10 work comprises charge cycle and integration period.Described double sampling circuit 20 obtains standard pixel unit 11 at the light conversion back of the collection of charge cycle and the integration period signal of telecommunication, just finish the back Direct Sampling at charge cycle for the first time, and the storage sampled result first time, because sampling for the first time is after charge cycle finishes, therefore described first time, sampled result only comprised the power supply signal that is superimposed with the noise signal of sampling instant for the first time, did not comprise the light conversion back signal of telecommunication; Finish the back Direct Sampling at integration period for the second time, and the storage sampled result second time, described second time, sampled result comprised power supply signal and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the noise signal of sampling instant for the second time, then for the second time and for the first time sampled result do poor, obtain the actual light conversion back signal of telecommunication, just can eliminate noise fully when still so only noise is identical when double sampling.Signal of telecommunication serial was input to analog to digital conversion circuit 30 after double sampling circuit 20 was changed light, and the magnitude of voltage of simulating is converted to digital signal, and digital signal is exported the demonstration image afterwards through analysis and the processing of follow-up treatment circuit 40 again.
A kind of method for the removal of images sensor noise is for example disclosed in the Chinese patent literature of publication number " CN 101494728A ".Some the public noises when but said method all only can be eliminated sampling for the first time and sample for the second time, and can not thoroughly solve noise problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves provides the method for a kind of imageing sensor and removal of images sensor electrical source noise, thereby improves the quality that imageing sensor shows image.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of imageing sensor, comprising:
Pel array, each row of described pel array comprises standard pixel unit and dark pixel unit;
The noise Acquisition Circuit is used for utilizing the dark pixel unit at the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of the first time and the collection second time, and it is poor to obtain power supply noise;
The pixel cell signal output apparatus, be used for according to standard pixel unit signal of telecommunication after the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of the collection first time and the light conversion that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal in collection for the second time, obtain being superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference, gather the first time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously, gather the second time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously;
Noise removing circuit, it is poor to be used for removing described power supply noise from the described light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference.
Preferably, each row of described pel array comprises 4 to 8 described dark pixel unit.
Preferably, described dark pixel unit comprises structure and the light non-transmittable layers identical with the standard pixel unit, and described light non-transmittable layers covers the structure identical with the standard pixel unit.。
Preferably, described dark pixel unit comprises light sensitive diode, is coated with light non-transmittable layers at described light sensitive diode.
Preferably, described dark pixel unit also comprises: NMOS pipe, the 2nd NMOS pipe, the 3rd NMOS pipe, the 4th NMOS pipe and light sensitive diode, the positive pole of the described light sensitive diode ground connection that is electrically connected, negative electricity connects the source electrode of a described NMOS pipe, the grid input power supply signal of a described NMOS pipe, the drain electrode of a described NMOS pipe is electrically connected the source electrode of the 2nd NMOS pipe, the drain and gate input power supply signal of described the 2nd NMOS pipe, the drain electrode input power supply signal of described the 3rd NMOS pipe, the grid of described the 3rd NMOS pipe is electrically connected the drain electrode of a described NMOS pipe, the source electrode of described the 3rd NMOS pipe is electrically connected the source electrode of the 4th NMOS pipe, the grid input gating signal of described the 4th NMOS, described the 4th NMOS drain electrode is output.
Preferably, the described dark pixel unit of each row is arranged in the identical row in the described pel array;
Described noise Acquisition Circuit comprises:
Sampling unit is used for obtaining for the first time and the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of each row dark pixel unit collection for the second time;
Processing unit, be used for the power supply signal of gathering for the first time with the dark pixel unit of delegation that is superimposed with power supply noise is averaging, the power supply signal of gathering for the second time with the dark pixel unit of delegation that is superimposed with power supply noise is averaging, and the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise with described secondary after average carries out difference as the reference signal to the described primary power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise after average and amplifies, and it is poor to obtain power supply noise;
AD conversion unit, being used for power supply noise difference with the analog form of the difference of processing unit output, to be converted into the power supply noise of digital form poor.
Preferably, described processing unit comprises: the differential amplifier of differential-input differential output form, the 5th switch in parallel between the positive input of described differential amplifier and the inverse output terminal and the 3rd electric capacity and between the reverse input end of differential amplifier and forward output the 6th switch and the 4th electric capacity in parallel.
Preferably, described sampling unit comprises:
Be connected electrically in the output of described dark pixel unit and first switch between the first node, be connected electrically in the output of described dark pixel unit and the second switch between the Section Point, be connected electrically in first electric capacity between first node and the ground and be connected electrically in Section Point and ground between second electric capacity, be connected electrically in the 3rd switch of first node and differential amplifier positive input, be connected electrically in the 4th switch of Section Point and differential amplifier reverse input end.
Preferably, described pixel cell signal output apparatus comprises:
Secondary sampling unit, be used for obtaining the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal of the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of standard pixel unit collection for the first time and standard pixel unit collection for the second time, and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with described power supply noise difference of the analog form of output difference;
AD conversion unit is used for the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of the analog form of described double sampling circuit output is converted to the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of digital form.
Preferably, described double sampling circuit comprises:
Sampling unit is used for obtaining the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of standard pixel unit collection for the first time and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal of the standard pixel unit collection second time;
Differential amplifier, being used for as the reference signal secondary light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal being carried out difference with the primary power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise amplifies, described differential amplifier is differential-input differential output, is parallel with the 5th switch and the 3rd electric capacity between the positive input of differential amplifier and inverse output terminal; Between the reverse input end of differential amplifier and forward output, be parallel with the 6th switch and the 4th electric capacity.
Preferably, also comprise the memory that is connected electrically between described noise Acquisition Circuit and described noise removing circuit, it is poor to be used for the described power supply noise of storage, and the power supply noise difference after will storing sends to described noise removing circuit;
Also comprise the memory that is connected electrically between described pixel cell signal output apparatus and the described noise removing circuit, be used for the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that storage is superimposed with the power supply noise difference, and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference after will storing sends to described noise removing circuit.
Corresponding the present invention also provides a kind of method of removal of images sensor electrical source noise, comprises step:
Pel array is set, and each row of described pel array comprises standard pixel unit and dark pixel unit;
Utilize the dark pixel unit at the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of the first time and the collection second time, it is poor to obtain power supply noise;
Change the back signal of telecommunication according to the standard pixel unit at the power supply signal of gathering for the first time that is superimposed with power supply noise with at the light of gathering for the second time that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal, obtain being superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference, gather the first time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously, gather the second time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously;
It is poor to remove described power supply noise the signal of telecommunication after the described light that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference is changed.
Preferably, described obtain the step of the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that power supply noise difference step and obtaining is superimposed with the power supply noise difference after, from the described light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference, remove and also comprise step before the described power supply noise difference step:
Store described power supply noise difference and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference.
Compared with prior art, the present invention mainly has the following advantages:
The imageing sensor of prior art is only identical with the moment noise of sampling for the second time in sampling for the first time, could eliminate, but because noise is changing always, some public noises when therefore existing imageing sensor all only can be eliminated sampling for the first time and sample for the second time, and can not thoroughly solve noise problem.Power supply noise when the present invention gathers for the first time and gathers for the second time by the collection of dark pixel unit is set in imageing sensor, and the power supply noise when utilizing the noise Acquisition Circuit to obtain to gather for the first time and to gather for the second time is poor, and when the dark pixel unit is gathered the standard pixel unit also to twice of light signal collection, and utilize the pixel cell signal output apparatus to obtain to be superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference, the power supply noise difference that described noise Acquisition Circuit is collected is removed from the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference that described standard pixel collects then.Therefore compare the method for imageing sensor of the present invention and removal of images sensor noise with prior art, improved the accuracy of the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of imageing sensor output greatly.
Description of drawings
By the more specifically explanation of the preferred embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and other purpose, feature and advantage of the present invention will be more clear.Reference numeral identical in whole accompanying drawings is indicated identical part.Painstakingly do not draw accompanying drawing by actual size equal proportion convergent-divergent, focus on illustrating purport of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of existing imageing sensor;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of imageing sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of dark pixel unit one embodiment in the imageing sensor shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of standard pixel cell one embodiment in the imageing sensor shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 5 is the signal of noise Acquisition Circuit one embodiment in the imageing sensor shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of pixel cell signal output apparatus in the imageing sensor shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 6 a is the image sensor architecture schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the method flow diagram of removal of images sensor electrical source noise;
Fig. 8 is the working timing figure of described imageing sensor.
Embodiment
By background technology as can be known, existing imageing sensor just can not be eliminated noise when noise is incomplete same when double sampling fully, and only can eliminate some public noises.And in the existing C mos image sensor, there is noise usually in power supply, and this power supply noise changing always, and can the be added to light conversion back signal of telecommunication of output of this power supply noise comes when reading each row pixel cell.Because power supply noise is changing always, make in difference power supply noise difference constantly, for example the power supply noise when sampling was for the first time sampled with the second time is different, therefore the power supply noise that is added in sampling for the first time with when sampling for the second time on the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of pixel cell output just has difference, it is poor that yet subsequent conditioning circuit has no idea to eliminate this power supply noise, thereby cause image appearance to have obviously flicker for going up in the row direction, because light conversion back electrical signal intensity itself is just very little under the half-light, the intensity of power supply noise difference might reach the intensity of the light conversion back signal of telecommunication, even noise can flood the light conversion back signal of telecommunication under the situation of worst, so the problems referred to above are more obvious in the half-light situation.
Though the power supply of general pel array all is independently-powered, can reduce power supply like this owing to tens millivolts the noise that the influence that is subjected to peripheral circuit produces, noise is dropped to below tens millivolts; Even but also be difficult to avoid the noise of power supply itself in this case, even because tens millivolts noise fluctuations pair is compared with tens millivolts signal under the half-light, also be a very big loss of signal.Therefore described noise problem be people relatively pay close attention to major issue to be solved arranged.
Therefore the present inventor provides a kind of imageing sensor through research, comprising:
Pel array, each row of described pel array comprises standard pixel unit and dark pixel unit;
The noise Acquisition Circuit is used for utilizing the dark pixel unit at the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of the first time and the collection second time, and it is poor to obtain power supply noise;
The pixel cell signal output apparatus, be used for according to standard pixel unit signal of telecommunication after the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of the collection first time and the light conversion that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal in collection for the second time, obtain being superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference, gather the first time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously, gather the second time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously;
Noise removing circuit, it is poor to be used for removing described power supply noise from the described light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference.
Accordingly, also provide a kind of method of removal of images sensor electrical source noise, comprised step:
Pel array is set, and each row of described pel array comprises standard pixel unit and dark pixel unit;
Utilize the dark pixel unit at the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of the first time and the collection second time, it is poor to obtain power supply noise;
Change the back signal of telecommunication according to the standard pixel unit at the power supply signal of gathering for the first time that is superimposed with power supply noise with at the light of gathering for the second time that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal, obtain being superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference, gather the first time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously, gather the second time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously;
It is poor to remove described power supply noise the signal of telecommunication after the described light that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference is changed.
The imageing sensor of prior art is only identical with the moment noise of sampling for the second time in sampling for the first time, could eliminate, but because noise is changing always, some public noises when therefore existing imageing sensor all only can be eliminated sampling for the first time and sample for the second time, and can not thoroughly solve noise problem.Power supply noise when the present invention gathers for the first time and gathers for the second time by the collection of dark pixel unit is set in imageing sensor, and the power supply noise when utilizing the noise Acquisition Circuit to obtain to gather for the first time and to gather for the second time is poor, and when the dark pixel unit is gathered the standard pixel unit also to twice of light signal collection, and utilize the pixel cell signal output apparatus to obtain to be superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference, the power supply noise difference that described noise Acquisition Circuit is collected is removed from the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference that described standard pixel collects then.Therefore compare the method for imageing sensor of the present invention and removal of images sensor noise with prior art, improved the accuracy of the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of imageing sensor output greatly.
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail.The present invention utilizes schematic diagram to be described in detail, and when the embodiment of the invention was described in detail in detail, for ease of explanation, the profile of expression device architecture can be disobeyed general ratio and be done local the amplification.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of imageing sensor of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, imageing sensor of the present invention comprises: pel array 110, noise Acquisition Circuit 112, pixel cell signal output apparatus 114 and noise removing circuit 116, in addition can also comprise analog signal processing circuit and digital signal processing circuit (for succinct analog signal processing circuit and the digital signal processing circuit of application documents all not shown, unspecified).In imageing sensor shown in Figure 2, described pel array 110 comprises the standard pixel unit 1101 of arrayed and the dark pixel unit 1102 of not daylighting (namely not receiving external light), and described 110 work periods of pel array are divided into charge cycle and integration period.Described standard pixel unit 1101 is used for gathering the light conversion back signal of telecommunication, and it comprises gathers for the first time and gather for the second time, and gather the described first time is at charge cycle, and gathering for the second time is at integration period.Described standard pixel unit 1101 is gathered the power supply noise that is superimposed with power supply signal for the first time, gathers the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply signal and power supply noise for the second time.Described dark pixel unit 1102 is used for gathering the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise, and it also comprises collection for the first time and gathers for the second time equally, and gather the described first time is at charge cycle, and gather the second time is at integration period.The structure of described standard pixel unit 1101 can be pixel cell structure well known to those skilled in the art.Each row of pel array can comprise one or more dark pixel unit, the power supply noise that the dark pixel element number of each row is gathered more at most is more accurate after being averaging, but the more areas that take of dark pixel element number more big more, therefore preferred, each row of described pel array comprises 4 to 8 described dark pixel unit.In imageing sensor shown in Figure 2, only each the capable situation with 2 dark pixel unit to pel array is illustrated.Because the power supply noise that each dark pixel unit is gathered is by 112 outputs of noise Acquisition Circuit, in the imageing sensor shown in Figure 2, preferably described 2 dark pixel unit are arranged as two row, same row dark pixel unit can be connected to same noise Acquisition Circuit 112 like this, therefore simplify circuit structure.
Described dark pixel unit 1102 does not receive external light, directly output is superimposed with the power supply signal of power supply noise, therefore can gather the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise for twice, for the first time at charge cycle, for the second time at integration period, because power supply noise can change, so the difference as a result of twice output.Described noise Acquisition Circuit 112 can utilize the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of dark pixel unit 1102 (at integration period) collection for the second time and the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of (namely at charge cycle) collection for the first time to ask poor, the power supply noise that obtains pixel cell 1100 is poor, the difference of the power supply noise the when power supply noise when described power supply noise difference refers to sample was for the second time sampled with the first time.
Because standard pixel unit 1101 and dark pixel unit 1102 carry out double sampling simultaneously, namely for the first time at charge cycle, for the second time at integration period.Behind charge cycle, standard pixel unit 1101 directly output is superimposed with the power supply signals of the power supply noise of sampling instant for the first time, and behind integration period, directly output is superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of sampling instant power supply noise and power supply signal for the second time.Described pixel cell signal output apparatus 114 utilizes standard pixel unit 1101 signal of telecommunication after the light conversion of the first time and sampling for the second time asking poor, just obtains being superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference.
As from the foregoing, it is poor that described noise Acquisition Circuit 112 can obtain described power supply noise, described pixel cell signal output apparatus 114 can obtain the described light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference, therefore it is poor that noise removing circuit 116 can utilize the power supply noise of described noise Acquisition Circuit 112 acquisitions, power supply noise difference in the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference that described pixel cell signal output apparatus 114 is obtained is removed, and it is poor for example to deduct the power supply noise that described noise Acquisition Circuit 112 exports with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference of described pixel cell signal output apparatus 114 outputs.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3 to Fig. 6, imageing sensor one preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of dark pixel unit one embodiment in the imageing sensor shown in Figure 2; Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of standard pixel cell one embodiment in the imageing sensor shown in Figure 2; Fig. 5 is the signal of noise Acquisition Circuit one embodiment in the imageing sensor shown in Figure 2; Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of pixel cell signal output apparatus in the imageing sensor shown in Figure 2.
Identical, concrete in the structure of imageing sensor and above-described embodiment in the present embodiment, comprise pel array 110, noise Acquisition Circuit 112, pixel cell signal output apparatus 114 and noise removing circuit 116.
As shown in Figure 3, described standard pixel unit 1101 comprises: a NMOS manages T21, the 2nd NMOS manages T22, the 3rd NMOS manages T23, the 4th NMOS pipe T24 and light sensitive diode PD2, the positive pole of the described light sensitive diode PD2 ground connection that is electrically connected, negative electricity connects the source electrode of described NMOS pipe T21, the grid of described NMOS pipe T21 receives transmission signal TX, the drain electrode of described NMOS pipe T21 is electrically connected the source electrode of the 2nd NMOS pipe T22, the drain electrode of described the 2nd NMOS pipe T22 receives power supply signal VDD, the grid of described the 2nd NMOS pipe T22 receives reset signal RST, the drain electrode of described the 3rd NMOS pipe T23 receives power supply signal VDD, the grid of described the 3rd NMOS pipe T23 is electrically connected the drain electrode of described NMOS pipe T21, the source electrode of described the 3rd NMOS pipe T23 is electrically connected the source electrode of the 4th NMOS pipe T24, the grid of described the 4th NMOS pipe T24 receives gating signal SEL, and described the 4th NMOS pipe T24 drain electrode is as output OUT2.
At charge cycle, the standard pixel unit is carried out the sampling first time, what exported the sampling back for the first time is the power supply signal that is superimposed with the power supply noise of sampling instant for the first time.At integration period, the standard pixel unit is carried out the sampling second time, what exported the sampling back for the second time is the light signal that is superimposed with the noise of sampling instant for the second time, power supply signal.
For example in a specific implementation, as shown in Figure 4, described dark pixel unit 1102 comprises: a NMOS manages T11, the 2nd NMOS manages T12, the 3rd NMOS manages T13, the 4th NMOS pipe T14 and light sensitive diode PD1, the positive pole of the described light sensitive diode PD1 ground connection that is electrically connected, negative electricity connects the source electrode of described NMOS pipe T11, the grid electric connection of power supply signal VDD of described NMOS pipe T12, the drain electrode of described NMOS pipe T11 is electrically connected the source electrode of the 2nd NMOS pipe T12, the drain and gate input power supply signal VDD of described the 2nd NMOS pipe T12, the drain electrode input power supply signal VDD of described the 3rd NMOS pipe T13, the grid of described the 3rd NMOS pipe T13 is electrically connected the drain electrode of described NMOS pipe T11, the source electrode of described the 3rd NMOS pipe T13 is electrically connected the source electrode of the 4th NMOS pipe T14, the grid input gating signal SEL of described the 4th NMOS pipe T14, described the 4th NMOS drain electrode is output OUT1, and be coated with light non-transmittable layers at described light sensitive diode PD1 at least, for example metal level.
At integration period and charge cycle, the grid input power supply signal VDD of the one NMOS pipe T11 of described dark pixel unit 1102, the grid input power supply signal VDD of described the 2nd NMOS pipe T12, therefore NMOS pipe T11 and the 2nd NMOS pipe T12 conducting all the time, be coated with light non-transmittable layers on the described light sensitive diode PD1, therefore the reverse current of light sensitive diode PD1 is very little, thereby NMOS pipe T11 source voltage is close to high level VDD, the 3rd NMOS pipe T13 conducting, as gating signal SEL when being high, then the 4th NMOS pipe T14 conducting, thus behind integration period and charge cycle, the power supply signal of the power supply noise that superposeed can be exported in the dark pixel unit.
In addition, described standard pixel unit and dark pixel unit further are other structures, for example comprise the structure of 3 metal-oxide-semiconductors or 5 metal-oxide-semiconductors.
As shown in Figure 5, described noise Acquisition Circuit 112 comprises: one or more sampling units 1123, AD conversion unit (ADC) 1122 and processing unit 1124.Wherein, the quantity of described sampling unit is identical with the quantity of dark pixel unit in each of pel array row, the input of each sampling unit 1123 is electrically connected on the output of a dark pixel unit, for example in the preferred version shown in Figure 5, described dark pixel unit is arranged as two row, have two sampling units 1123, the input of each sampling unit 1123 is electrically connected on the output OUT1 of a row dark pixel unit.One of them sampling unit 1123 comprises the output that is connected electrically in described dark pixel unit and first switch 5 between the first node a, be connected electrically in the output of described dark pixel unit and the second switch 6 between the Section Point b, be connected electrically in first electric capacity 12 between first node a and the ground and be connected electrically in second electric capacity 13 between Section Point b and the ground, be connected electrically in the 3rd switch 1 of first node a and differential amplifier 1124 positive inputs, be connected electrically in the 4th switch 2 of Section Point b and differential amplifier 1124 reverse input ends.
Described processing unit 1124, be used for the power supply signal of gathering for the first time with the dark pixel unit of delegation that is superimposed with power supply noise is averaging, the power supply signal of gathering for the second time with the dark pixel unit of delegation that is superimposed with power supply noise is averaging, and the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise with described secondary after average carries out difference as the reference signal to the described primary power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise after average and amplifies, it is poor to obtain power supply noise, and described processing unit is differential-input differential output.
Preferably, described processing unit comprises: differential amplifier 1125 is parallel with the 5th switch 8 and the 3rd electric capacity 14 between the positive input of differential amplifier 1125 and inverse output terminal; Between the reverse input end of differential amplifier and forward output, be parallel with the 6th switch 9 and the 4th electric capacity 15.It is that the power supply noise of differential amplifier output is poor that the forward output of differential amplifier 1125 deducts inverse output terminal.
Described AD conversion unit (ADC) 1122, being used for power supply noise difference with the analog form of the difference of processing unit output, to be converted into the power supply noise of digital form poor.Described AD conversion unit (ADC) 1122 is the difference AD conversion unit, and therefore described difference AD conversion unit circuit well known to those skilled in the art repeats no more.
The operation principle of above-mentioned noise Acquisition Circuit is specific as follows:
After gathering the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise for the first time when the dark pixel unit, closed second switch 6 and the 5th switch 8, thereby the power supply signal of gathering the first time of first row dark pixel unit output that is superimposed with power supply noise gives second electric capacity 13 chargings, and the power supply signal of gathering the first time of secondary series dark pixel unit output that is superimposed with power supply noise gives electric capacity 11 chargings.Follow closed first switch 5 and switch 7, thereby the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise that the first row dark pixel unit is exported for the second time gives first electric capacity 12 chargings, and the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise that secondary series dark pixel unit is exported for the second time gives first electric capacity 10 chargings.Connect the 5th switch 11 then and the 6th switch 9 makes differential amplifier 1124 enter sampling configuration.Open the 5th switch 11 10 and the 6th switch 9 then, closed the 3rd switch 1, the 4th switch 2, the 3rd switch 3, the 4th switch 4 makes the electric charge on first electric capacity 12 in all sampling units transfer on the 3rd electric capacity 14, realization is averaging electric capacity first electric capacity 12 in all sampling units and the primary power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise on first electric capacity 10, just allow the electric charge on first electric capacity 12 and first electric capacity 10 neutralize, electric charge after the neutralization is transferred on the 3rd electric capacity 14, simultaneously, make second electric capacity 13 and the electric charge on second electric capacity 11 in all sampling units 1123 transfer on the 4th electric capacity 15, realization is averaging second electric capacity 13 in all sampling units 1123 and the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise the second time on second electric capacity 11, just allow the electric charge on second electric capacity 13 and second electric capacity 11 neutralize, the electric charge after the neutralization is transferred on the 4th electric capacity 15.Then export the power supply noise difference signal of digital form after the AD conversion unit 1122 of the signal of differential amplifier 1125 forward outputs and inverse output terminal output through difference, namely the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of collection deducts the power supply signal of gathering for the first time that is superimposed with power supply noise for the second time, obtains power supply noise poor (difference of the power supply noise the when power supply noise when namely sampling was for the second time sampled with the first time).
As shown in Figure 6, described pixel cell signal output apparatus comprises: double sampling circuit 1141, each row standard pixel unit is electrically connected with a double sampling circuit 1141, be used for obtaining the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal of the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of standard pixel unit collection for the first time and standard pixel unit collection for the second time, and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with described power supply noise difference of the analog form of output difference.
Described pixel cell signal output apparatus also comprises AD conversion unit (ADC) 1142, is used for the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of described double sampling circuit output is converted to the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of digital form.Described AD conversion unit 1142 can be identical with the analog to digital conversion circuit 1122 in the noise Acquisition Circuit, repeats no more.
Concrete, described double sampling circuit 1141 comprises: sampling unit 1143 and differential amplifier 1144, sampling unit 1143 is used for obtaining the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of standard pixel unit collection for the first time and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal of the standard pixel unit collection second time.Differential amplifier 1144 is used for as the reference signal secondary light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal being carried out difference with the primary power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise and amplifies.Described differential amplifier is differential-input differential output.Between the positive input of differential amplifier and inverse output terminal, be parallel with the 5th switch and the 3rd electric capacity; Between the reverse input end of differential amplifier and forward output, be parallel with the 6th switch and the 4th electric capacity.The input of described sampling unit 1143 is electrically connected to the output of a row standard pixel unit, and the output of described sampling unit 1143 is electrically connected to the input of differential amplifier 1144.Difference AD conversion unit 1144 is circuit well known to those skilled in the art, therefore repeats no more.Described sampling unit 1143 can be identical with sampling unit 1123 structures in the noise Acquisition Circuit, therefore repeats no more.Described double sampling circuit 1141 structures are prior art, and its operation principle is techniques well known, therefore repeat no more.
In addition, preferred, described imageing sensor comprises that also memory 113 and 115, Fig. 6 a are the image sensor architecture schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment.Concrete, shown in Fig. 6 a, between noise Acquisition Circuit 112 and noise removing circuit 116, be electrically connected with described memory 113.It is poor that described memory 113 is used for the storage power noise, and described power supply noise difference is sent to described noise removing circuit 116; Be electrically connected with memory 115 between described pixel cell signal output apparatus and the described noise removing circuit, be used for the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that storage is superimposed with the power supply noise difference, and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that will be superimposed with described power supply noise difference sends to described noise removing circuit 116.Described storage means is that therefore method well known to those skilled in the art repeats no more.Described power supply noise is removed circuit 116 and can be utilized those skilled in the art's well-known way to realize, for example can be subtracter, and it is poor that the input input of subtracter is superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication and the power supply noise of power supply noise difference, the output light conversion back signal of telecommunication.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of removal of images sensor electrical source noise in addition, and Fig. 7 is the method flow diagram of removal of images sensor electrical source noise.
With reference to figure 7, the method for removal of images sensor electrical source noise of the present invention comprises step:
S10 arranges pel array, and each row of described pel array comprises the dark pixel unit of standard pixel unit and not daylighting.
S20 utilizes the dark pixel unit at the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of the first time and the collection second time, and it is poor to obtain power supply noise.
S30, change the back signal of telecommunication according to the standard pixel unit at the power supply signal of gathering for the first time that is superimposed with power supply noise with at the light of gathering for the second time that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal, obtain being superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference, gather the first time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously, gather the second time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously.
S40, it is poor to remove described power supply noise the signal of telecommunication after the described light that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference is changed.
Preferably, the described step that obtains the power supply noise of pixel cell comprises:
Preferably, described obtain the step of the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that power supply noise difference step and obtaining is superimposed with the power supply noise difference after, also comprise step before from the described light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference, removing described power supply noise difference step: store described power supply noise difference and be superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference.
Fig. 8 is the working timing figure of described imageing sensor.Below in conjunction with Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 the operation principle of imageing sensor of the present invention is described.
In the explanation, can utilize reference signal SHR control second switch 6 and the 5th switch 8 below, utilize reference signal SHS to control first switch 5 and first switch 7.
Execution in step S10 at first arranges pel array as shown in Figure 2, and wherein each row has 2 dark pixel unit 1102, and is distributed in first and is listed as to secondary series.Wherein the first input end of noise collecting unit, second input are electrically connected the output of the first row dark pixel unit successively, the output of secondary series dark pixel unit.
Follow execution in step S20, concrete, as shown in Figure 8, gating signal SEL puts height, the 4th NMOS pipe T14 of described dark pixel unit opens, thereby the dark pixel unit is exported the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise all the time, namely can carry out collection for the first time and be superimposed with the power supply signal of power supply noise and gather the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise the second time, but the power supply noise that superposes in the power supply signal of the first time and collection for the second time is different.
Then put height at first moment (namely behind charge cycle) reference signal SHR, thereby make second switch 6 and the 5th switch 8 closures, thereby the power supply signal of gathering the first time of first row dark pixel unit output that is superimposed with power supply noise is to 13 chargings of second electric capacity, and second electric capacity 11 of giving that is superimposed with power supply noise that gather the first time of secondary series dark pixel unit output charges.
Then put height at second moment (namely behind integration period) reference signal SHS, thereby make win switch 5 and first switch, 7 closures, thereby the power supply signal of gathering the second time of first row dark pixel unit output that is superimposed with power supply noise gives first electric capacity 12 chargings, and the power supply signal of gathering the second time of secondary series dark pixel unit output that is superimposed with power supply noise gives first electric capacity 10 chargings.Connect the 5th switch 11 then and the 6th switch 9 makes differential amplifier enter sampling configuration.Open the 5th switch 11 and the 6th switch 9 then, closed the 3rd switch 1, the 4th switch 2, the 3rd switch 3, the 4th switch 4 makes the electric charge on first electric capacity 12 in all sampling units transfer on the 3rd electric capacity 14, realization is averaging the power supply signal of the sampling first time on first electric capacity 12 in all sampling units, simultaneously, make the electric charge on first electric capacity 12 in all sampling units transfer on the 4th electric capacity 15, realize the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of the sampling second time on second electric capacity 13 in all sampling units is averaging.
Then export the power supply noise signal of digital form after the AD conversion unit 1122 of the signal of differential amplifier 1125 forward outputs and inverse output terminal output through difference, namely the power supply signal of gathering for the second time that is superimposed with power supply noise deducts the power supply signal of gathering for the first time that is superimposed with power supply noise, and it is poor to obtain power supply noise.
After this step, also comprise the power supply noise difference is stored.
Execution in step S30 in step S20, RST puts height, carries out the first time and gathers, and 1101 outputs of standard pixel unit are superimposed with the power supply signal of power supply noise.Then, TX puts height, standard pixel unit 1101 is gathered the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise and power supply signal for the second time, export the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of a standard pixel unit 1101 though adopted the double sampling circuit in the present embodiment, just utilize the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of gathering for the second time that is superimposed with power supply noise and power supply signal to deduct the power supply signal of gathering for the first time that is superimposed with power supply noise, can eliminate so for the second time and some for the first time identical noises, but can not remove sampling for the second time and the different power supply noise of sampling for the first time (namely the second time and primary power supply noise is poor).Therefore still comprise the power supply noise difference at second time of this step output and the primary light conversion back signal of telecommunication.After this step, can the light conversion back signal of telecommunication storage of power supply noise difference will be comprised.
Follow execution in step S40, utilize and remove the noise circuit, the power supply noise that removal comprises in the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of noise is poor, for example concrete, utilize the power supply noise difference as subtrahend, comprise the light signal of power supply noise as minuend, thereby the power supply noise difference that the light that comprises power supply noise is changed in the signal of telecommunication of back can be cut.The described method that subtracts is well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore repeats no more.
The imageing sensor of prior art is only identical with the moment noise of sampling for the second time in sampling for the first time, could eliminate, but because noise is changing always, some public noises when therefore existing imageing sensor all only can be eliminated sampling for the first time and sample for the second time, and can not thoroughly solve noise problem.
Power supply noise when the present invention gathers for the first time and gathers for the second time by the collection of dark pixel unit is set in imageing sensor, and the power supply noise when utilizing the noise Acquisition Circuit to obtain to gather for the first time and to gather for the second time is poor, and when the dark pixel unit is gathered the standard pixel unit also to twice of light signal collection, and utilize the pixel cell signal output apparatus to obtain to be superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference, the power supply noise difference that described noise Acquisition Circuit is collected is removed from the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference that described standard pixel collects then.Therefore compare with prior art, the method for imageing sensor of the present invention and removal of images sensor electrical source noise has improved the accuracy of the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of imageing sensor output greatly, thereby has improved the accuracy of imageing sensor.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not breaking away under the technical solution of the present invention scope situation, all can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement that technical solution of the present invention is made many possible changes and modification, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention according to any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification that technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (13)
1. an imageing sensor is characterized in that, comprising:
Pel array, each row of described pel array comprises standard pixel unit and dark pixel unit;
The noise Acquisition Circuit is used for utilizing dark pixel the unit power supply signal of gathering for the second time that is superimposed with power supply noise and the power supply signal of gathering for the first time that is superimposed with power supply noise to ask poor, and it is poor to obtain power supply noise;
The pixel cell signal output apparatus, ask poor for the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal that utilizes the standard pixel unit to gather for the second time and the power supply signal of gathering for the first time that is superimposed with power supply noise, obtain being superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference, gather the first time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously, gather the second time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously;
Noise removing circuit, it is poor to be used for removing described power supply noise from the described light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference.
2. imageing sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, each row of described pel array comprises 4 to 8 described dark pixel unit.
3. imageing sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described dark pixel unit comprises structure and the light non-transmittable layers identical with the standard pixel unit, and described light non-transmittable layers covers the structure identical with the standard pixel unit.
4. imageing sensor according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described dark pixel unit comprises light sensitive diode, is coated with light non-transmittable layers at described light sensitive diode.
5. imageing sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dark pixel unit also comprises: NMOS pipe, the 2nd NMOS pipe, the 3rd NMOS pipe, the 4th NMOS pipe and light sensitive diode, the positive pole of the described light sensitive diode ground connection that is electrically connected, negative electricity connects the source electrode of a described NMOS pipe, the grid input power supply signal of a described NMOS pipe, the drain electrode of a described NMOS pipe is electrically connected the source electrode of the 2nd NMOS pipe, the drain and gate input power supply signal of described the 2nd NMOS pipe, the drain electrode input power supply signal of described the 3rd NMOS pipe, the grid of described the 3rd NMOS pipe is electrically connected the drain electrode of a described NMOS pipe, the source electrode of described the 3rd NMOS pipe is electrically connected the source electrode of the 4th NMOS pipe, the grid input gating signal of described the 4th NMOS, described the 4th NMOS drain electrode is output.
6. imageing sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The described dark pixel unit of each row is arranged in the identical row in the described pel array;
Described noise Acquisition Circuit comprises:
Sampling unit is used for obtaining for the first time and the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of each row dark pixel unit collection for the second time;
Processing unit, be used for the power supply signal of gathering for the first time with the dark pixel unit of delegation that is superimposed with power supply noise is averaging, the power supply signal of gathering for the second time with the dark pixel unit of delegation that is superimposed with power supply noise is averaging, and the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise with described secondary after average carries out difference as the reference signal to the described primary power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise after average and amplifies, and it is poor to obtain power supply noise;
AD conversion unit, being used for power supply noise difference with the analog form of the difference of processing unit output, to be converted into the power supply noise of digital form poor.
7. imageing sensor according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described processing unit comprises: the differential amplifier of differential-input differential output form, the 5th switch in parallel between the positive input of described differential amplifier and the inverse output terminal and the 3rd electric capacity and between the reverse input end of differential amplifier and forward output the 6th switch and the 4th electric capacity in parallel.
8. imageing sensor according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described sampling unit comprises:
Be connected electrically in the output of described dark pixel unit and first switch between the first node, be connected electrically in the output of described dark pixel unit and the second switch between the Section Point, be connected electrically in first electric capacity between first node and the ground and be connected electrically in Section Point and ground between second electric capacity, be connected electrically in the 3rd switch of first node and differential amplifier positive input, be connected electrically in the 4th switch of Section Point and differential amplifier reverse input end.
9. imageing sensor according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described pixel cell signal output apparatus comprises:
Secondary sampling unit, be used for obtaining the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal of the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of standard pixel unit collection for the first time and standard pixel unit collection for the second time, and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with described power supply noise difference of the analog form of output difference;
AD conversion unit is used for the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of the analog form of described double sampling circuit output is converted to the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of digital form.
10. imageing sensor according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described double sampling circuit comprises:
Sampling unit is used for obtaining the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of standard pixel unit collection for the first time and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal of the standard pixel unit collection second time;
Differential amplifier, being used for as the reference signal secondary light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal being carried out difference with the primary power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise amplifies, described differential amplifier is differential-input differential output, is parallel with the 5th switch and the 3rd electric capacity between the positive input of differential amplifier and inverse output terminal; Between the reverse input end of differential amplifier and forward output, be parallel with the 6th switch and the 4th electric capacity.
11. imageing sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the memory that is connected electrically between described noise Acquisition Circuit and described noise removing circuit, it is poor to be used for the described power supply noise of storage, and the power supply noise difference after will storing sends to described noise removing circuit;
Also comprise the memory that is connected electrically between described pixel cell signal output apparatus and the described noise removing circuit, be used for the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that storage is superimposed with the power supply noise difference, and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference after will storing sends to described noise removing circuit.
12. the method for a removal of images sensor electrical source noise is characterized in that, comprises step:
Pel array is set, and each row of described pel array comprises standard pixel unit and dark pixel unit;
Utilize dark pixel the unit power supply signal of gathering for the second time that is superimposed with power supply noise and the power supply signal of gathering for the first time that is superimposed with power supply noise to ask poor, it is poor to obtain power supply noise;
The light that is superimposed with power supply noise, power supply signal that utilizes the standard pixel unit to gather is for the second time changed the power supply signal that is superimposed with power supply noise of the back signal of telecommunication and collection for the first time and is asked poor, obtain being superimposed with the light conversion back signal of telecommunication of power supply noise difference, gather the first time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously, gather the second time of described dark pixel unit and described standard pixel unit to gathering simultaneously;
It is poor to remove described power supply noise the signal of telecommunication after the described light that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference is changed.
13. the method for removal of images sensor electrical source noise according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, described obtain the step of the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that power supply noise difference step and obtaining is superimposed with the power supply noise difference after, from the described light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference, remove and also comprise step before the described power supply noise difference step:
Store described power supply noise difference and the light conversion back signal of telecommunication that is superimposed with the power supply noise difference.
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| US9247164B1 (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-01-26 | Pixart Imaging (Penang) Sdn. Bhd. | Image pixel more robust to power supply noise, dark node for use in the image pixel, and control method thereof |
| US20180041722A1 (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2018-02-08 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Circuits and techniques for noise control in digital imaging |
| US9817048B2 (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-11-14 | Omnivision Technologies, Inc. | Image sensor power supply noise detection |
| KR102538220B1 (en) * | 2018-10-02 | 2023-06-01 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Image sensing system and operating method of the same |
| WO2021056245A1 (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-01 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Electronic device, image sensor, and pixel array thereof and operating method therefor |
| CN113473047A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-01 | 比亚迪半导体股份有限公司 | Noise cancellation method and apparatus, medium, device, and image sensor |
| WO2022011615A1 (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-01-20 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Image sensor, image generation method, and electronic device |
| CN111885323B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2023-03-14 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Image sensor, image generation method and electronic device |
| CN113938625B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2024-03-05 | 锐芯微电子股份有限公司 | Image sensor, image sensor reading method, image sensor reading device, and computer-readable storage medium |
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