CN102312672A - Fast large-cross-section tunnel construction method adapting to complicated and variable geological conditions - Google Patents
Fast large-cross-section tunnel construction method adapting to complicated and variable geological conditions Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fast large-cross-section tunnel construction method adapting to complicated and variable geological conditions. Middle walls and steps are combined, whether the arrangement of temporary inverted arches of each steps and middle partition walls of upper, middle and lower steps is needed or not is determined according to actual geological condition change conditions and field monitoring information in the tunnel construction process, when the rock surrounding condition becomes poor in the tunnel construction process, temporary support and protection of each excavated parts are respectively implemented, when the rock surrounding condition becomes good, a plurality of small excavated parts can be combined into a large excavated part until the full cross-section one-step excavation forming method is adopted, and division positions of each excavated parts in the construction process is not changed. The method has the advantages that in the construction, the conversion problem of the construction method does not exist when the geological conditions are changed, the construction speed of large-cross-section tunnels under the complicated and variable geological conditions is greatly accelerated, the construction work period is shortened, and the construction cost can be properly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of job practices of tunnel, be specifically related to a kind of large cross-section tunnel rapid constructing method that adapts to geological conditions complicated and changeable.
Background technology
Because the tunnel is in the underground rock-soil layer; The formation condition that it passed through can not be single, and existing soft or hard on the cross section is uneven, and the continuous variation along the tunnel profile formation condition is arranged again; Especially large cross-section tunnel, the inhomogeneity of its penetrating ground will be more remarkable.At present, to the construction of large cross-section tunnel, according to the difference of the geological conditions that the tunnel passed through and the supporting situation of construction equipment, main both at home and abroad full section method, benching tunnelling method and the branch's job practices (comprising CD, CRD and double side wall pilot tunnel method etc.) of adopting.Full section method and the conversion of benching tunnelling method worker method are convenient, and speed of application is fast, but when running into the weak broken stratum, can't guarantee construction safety.And CD, CRD and double side wall pilot tunnel method halves job practices, changing big section is light section, has dwindled single excavation span; It is stable to help constructing tunnel, but simultaneously, these branch's job practices working procedures are many; The interference of each inter process is big, and speed of application is slow, and Blasting Excavation repeatedly causes frequent disturbance to country rock; Need the interim support of dismounting more again, do not reach the purpose of economy, rapid construction; Particularly when the geological conditions that runs into the tunnel changes, there are difficult, long in time limit, the problems such as cost is high, construction quality difference of conversion between worker's method.
On the whole, under geological conditions complicated and changeable, method for tunnel construction needs often conversion, and existing various branches job practices is changed very trouble each other, has had a strong impact on construction speed, can't satisfy the requirement of tunnel rapid construction.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provide a kind of under various geological conditionss complicated and changeable speed of application fast, the large cross-section tunnel rapid constructing method of the adaptation geological conditions complicated and changeable that the construction period is short.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; The large cross-section tunnel rapid constructing method of adaptation provided by the invention geological conditions complicated and changeable; Middle wall and step are made up, and situation of change and field monitoring information according to actual geological conditions in the constructing tunnel process determine whether to be provided with the mid-board of upper, middle and lower step and the interim inverted arch of each step; Promptly in the constructing tunnel process when the wall rock condition variation; Each excavates the temporary lining of branch all need execute work; When wall rock condition improves; Some less excavation branches can be merged into a big excavation branch, and until adopting full section once to excavate forming method, the division position of respectively excavating branch in the work progress does not change.
In the construction on the basis of advance geologic prediction; Should strengthen the geology of tunnel front observes and field monitoring; On the basis of conventional vault sedimentation in tunnel and horizontal convergence monitoring, increase the top bar monitoring of preliminary bracing stress of tunnel, according to observation and monitoring information; Confirm whether the interim mid-board and the interim inverted arch that respectively excavate branch execute work, thereby realize dynamic construction and management.
In order to guarantee construction safety, prevent construction stage first section of whole tunnel owing to the integral body that the sinking of tunnel arch springing causes is sunk, must adopt in the constructing tunnel process to enlarge arch springing, set up technical measures such as lock foot anchoring stock or steel pipe.Mid-board adopts straight middle wall in the constructing tunnel process, so that medium-sized mechanical execution, accelerating construction progress shortens the closing time that whole tunnel just props up structure; Under IV～VI level wall rock condition, top bar and generally all establish interim mid-board, can control on the one hand the sedimentation on the face of land preferably, what can guarantee preliminary bracing behind the tunnel excavation on the other hand in time executes work, shortens the open-assembly time of country rock behind the tunnel excavation.
Adopt the large cross-section tunnel rapid constructing method of the adaptation geological conditions complicated and changeable of technique scheme; In existing various constructing tunnel partial excavation worker methods; Because the difference that excavation branch divides; Must treat just can carry out when respectively excavating branch arrives same excavation cross section the practical problem of worker's method conversion; The characteristics of comprehensive existing various method for tunnel construction make up middle wall and step, and situation of change and field monitoring information based on actual geological conditions in the constructing tunnel process determine whether to be provided with the mid-board of upper, middle and lower step and the interim inverted arch of each step; Also promptly in the constructing tunnel process when the wall rock condition variation; Each excavates the gib of branch all need execute work, and when wall rock condition improved, some less excavation branches can be merged into a big excavation branch; Until adopting full section once to excavate forming method; The division position of respectively excavating branch in the work progress does not change, thus the linking between each working procedure when being convenient to wall rock condition and changing, with accelerating construction progress.
Under research and development geological conditions complicated and changeable in the process of large cross-section tunnel rapid constructing method; Carried out a large amount of field trial test jobs; And carried out deep theoretical analysis and calculation research, obtained the key influence factor and pass key control operation of job practices of the present invention on this basis, therefore; The present invention has sufficient theory analysis and experimental study basis and foundation, can guarantee construction safety and accelerating construction progress better.
The advantage of comparing with the existing tunnel job practices is:
There is not the transfer problem of worker's method when (1) geological conditions changes in the construction, accelerated construction speed greatly;
(2) mid-board is set topping bar, the ground settlement when having reduced the shallow tunnel construction;
(3) mid-board adopts straight middle wall, is convenient to medium-sized mechanical execution, has accelerated construction speed;
(4) shorten the closing time that whole tunnel just props up structure, guaranteed the construction safety in tunnel;
(5) reduce the engineering quantity of temporary lining in the constructing tunnel, reduced construction costs to a certain extent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of worker's method conversion under the different surrounding rock condition of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the excavation branch of the embodiment of the invention 1 divides and the working procedure sketch map.
Fig. 3 is that the excavation branch of the embodiment of the invention 2 divides and the working procedure sketch map.
Fig. 4 is that the excavation branch of the embodiment of the invention 3 divides and the working procedure sketch map.
Fig. 5 is that the excavation branch of the embodiment of the invention 4 divides and the working procedure sketch map.
Fig. 6 is that the excavation branch of the embodiment of the invention 5 divides and the working procedure sketch map.
Among the figure: the top bar portion of parting on the left side excavation of 1-, the 2-portion's of parting on the right side the excavation of topping bar, bench excavation among the 3-, the 4-excavation of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation; 5-is complete, and section once excavates, the 6-excavation of topping bar, and the step portion of parting on the left side excavation among the 7-, step parts the cloth excavation on the right side among the 8-; The get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation portion of parting on the left side excavation of 9-, the 10-portion's of parting on the right side the excavation of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, A-lock pin steel pipe, the interim steelframe supporting of B-; The interim concrete spraying support of C-, the preliminary bracing of D-steelframe, E-secondary lining concrete, F-inverted arch concrete.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Referring to Fig. 1, middle wall and step are made up, situation of change and field monitoring information according to actual geological conditions in the constructing tunnel process determine whether to be provided with the mid-board of upper, middle and lower step and the interim inverted arch of each step; Also promptly in the constructing tunnel process when the wall rock condition variation; Each excavates the temporary lining of branch all need execute work, and when wall rock condition improved, some less excavation branches can be merged into a big excavation branch; Until adopting full section once to excavate forming method; The division position of respectively excavating branch in the work progress does not change, thus the linking between each working procedure when being convenient to wall rock condition and changing, with accelerating construction progress.
In the construction on the basis of advance geologic prediction; Should strengthen the geology of tunnel front observes and field monitoring; On the basis of conventional vault sedimentation in tunnel and horizontal convergence monitoring, increase the top bar monitoring of preliminary bracing stress of tunnel, according to observation and monitoring information; Confirm whether the interim mid-board and the interim inverted arch that respectively excavate branch execute work, thereby realize dynamic construction and management.
In order to guarantee construction safety, prevent construction stage first section of whole tunnel owing to the integral body that the sinking of tunnel arch springing causes is sunk, must adopt in the constructing tunnel process to enlarge arch springing, set up technical measures such as lock foot anchoring stock or steel pipe.Mid-board adopts straight middle wall in the constructing tunnel process, so that medium-sized mechanical execution, accelerating construction progress shortens the closing time that whole tunnel just props up structure.Under IV～VI level wall rock condition, top bar and generally all establish interim mid-board, can control on the one hand the sedimentation on the face of land preferably, what can guarantee preliminary bracing behind the tunnel excavation on the other hand in time executes work, shortens the open-assembly time of country rock behind the tunnel excavation.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 2; In whole tunnel excavation section all is in preferably the rock stratum, and when having heavy mechanical equipment supporting, whole tunnel adopts excavation construction of full section; Do not divide little excavation branch, get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation on this moment interim in the interim inverted arch of wall and each step all need not execute work.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 3; In whole tunnel excavation section all is in preferably the rock stratum, and when medium-sized mechanical equipment coordination is arranged, can adopt the benching tunnelling method construction; The interim mid-board of upper, middle and lower, tunnel step all can not executed work with the interim inverted arch of each step, and concrete working procedure is following:
1. excavate 1 step, execute the preliminary bracing of making 1 barrel structure, install lock foot anchoring stock, lock foot anchoring stock requirement and steelframe are with the L shaped welding of Φ 22 reinforcing bars, 2 of every Pin.
2. excavate 2 ones, be drilled with anchor pole, anchor pole requires the L type to be welded on the steelframe, and sprayed mortar is to design thickness.
3. excavate 3 ones, in time seal preliminary bracing.
In the above working procedure,, can adopt annular to reserve the core local method at 1 one and excavate if the work plane country rock is comparatively weak; The interim inverted arch with middle step of topping bar is looked the adjoining rock stability situation and is provided with, if better, can not establish interim inverted arch, otherwise is provided with.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 4, topping bar when the tunnel is in relatively poor rock stratum, and in get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation when being in better rock stratum, topping bar and interim mid-board be set in the excavation construction process in the tunnel, promptly will be divided into left and right sides two parts topping bar with mid-board, concrete working procedure is following:
1. excavate 1 step, just spray concrete sealing face.Execute preliminary bracing and the temporary lining of making 1 barrel structure, install lock foot anchoring stock, lock foot anchoring stock requirement and steelframe are with the L shaped welding of Φ 22 reinforcing bars, 2 of every Pin.
2. follow up 2 ones of excavation supportings, step is with 1 one.
3. excavate 3 ones, steelframe is installed, be drilled with anchor pole, anchor pole requires the L type to be welded on the steelframe.Sprayed mortar is to design thickness.
4. excavate 4 ones, in time seal preliminary bracing.
In the above working procedure, weak especially again if the country rock of topping bar can not be steady certainly, can adopt annular reservation core local method to excavate at 1 one and 2 ones; The interim inverted arch with middle step of topping bar is looked the adjoining rock stability situation and is provided with, if better, can not establish interim inverted arch, otherwise is provided with; The length that the mid-board of topping bar is once removed can not be long.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 5; Step is in relatively poor rock stratum on the tunnel, and gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation when being in better rock stratum, the tunnel top bar and middle bench excavation work progress in interim mid-board all is set; Promptly with mid-board will go up, middle step be divided into about 4 parts, concrete working procedure is following:
1. excavate 1 step, just spray concrete sealing face, execute preliminary bracing and the temporary lining of making 1 barrel structure, install lock foot anchoring stock, lock foot anchoring stock requirement and steelframe are with the L shaped welding of Φ 22 reinforcing bars, 2 of every Pin.
2. follow up 2 ones of excavation supportings, step is with 1 one.
3. excavation supporting is 3 ones, and step is with 1 one.
4. excavation supporting is 4 ones, and step is with 1 one.
5. excavation supporting is 5 ones, in time seals preliminary bracing.
In the above working procedure, weak especially again if the country rock of topping bar can not be steady certainly, can adopt annular reservation core local method to excavate at 1 one and 2 ones; Top bar and look the adjoining rock stability situation with the interim inverted arch of each one of middle step and be provided with,, otherwise be provided with if better, can not establish interim inverted arch; The mid-board of middle step can be the same with the maintenance of topping bar, and is i iron; Rock pillar in the middle of also can keeping.
Embodiment 6:
As shown in Figure 6; When whole tunnel excavation section all is in the relatively poor rock stratum; In each bench excavation process, interim mid-board is set all; 6 parts about promptly the upper, middle and lower step being divided into mid-board, this moment, the construction in tunnel converted the upright mid-board method of mid-board into, and concrete working procedure is following:
1. excavate 1 step, just spray concrete sealing face, execute preliminary bracing and the temporary lining of making 1 barrel structure, install lock foot anchoring stock, lock foot anchoring stock requirement and steelframe are with the L shaped welding of Φ 22 reinforcing bars, 2 of every Pin.
2. follow up 2 ones of excavation supportings, step is with 1 one.
3. excavation supporting is 3 ones, and step is with 1 one.
4. excavation supporting is 4 ones, and step is with 1 one.
5. excavation supporting is 5 ones, and step is with 1 one.
6. excavation supporting is 6 ones, in time seals preliminary bracing.
In the above working procedure, weak especially again if the country rock of topping bar can not be steady certainly, can adopt annular reservation core local method to excavate at 1 one and 2 ones; Top bar and look the adjoining rock stability situation with the interim inverted arch of each one of middle step and be provided with,, otherwise be provided with if better, can not establish interim inverted arch; In, the mid-board of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation can equally with the maintenance of topping bar adopt i iron, rock pillar in the middle of also can keeping, or keep at a certain distance away and establish an i iron column.
Claims (5)
1. large cross-section tunnel rapid constructing method that adapts to geological conditions complicated and changeable; It is characterized in that: middle wall and step are made up, and situation of change and field monitoring information according to actual geological conditions in the constructing tunnel process determine whether to be provided with the mid-board of upper, middle and lower step and the interim inverted arch of each step; Promptly in the constructing tunnel process when the wall rock condition variation; Each excavates the temporary lining of branch all need execute work; When wall rock condition improves; Some less excavation branches can be merged into a big excavation branch, and until adopting full section once to excavate forming method, the division position of respectively excavating branch in the work progress does not change.
2. the large cross-section tunnel rapid constructing method of adaptation according to claim 1 geological conditions complicated and changeable; It is characterized in that: strengthen geology in the construction and observe and field monitoring; On the basis of routine monitoring; Increase the monitoring of preliminary bracing stress, observe and monitoring information, confirm whether interim mid-board and interim inverted arch execute work according to work plane.
3. the large cross-section tunnel rapid constructing method of adaptation according to claim 1 and 2 geological conditions complicated and changeable is characterized in that: adopt to enlarge arch springing, set up lock foot anchoring stock or steel pipe, the sinking of control constructing tunnel stage arch springing.
4. the large cross-section tunnel rapid constructing method of adaptation according to claim 1 and 2 geological conditions complicated and changeable is characterized in that: described mid-board adopts straight middle wall.
5. the large cross-section tunnel rapid constructing method of adaptation according to claim 1 and 2 geological conditions complicated and changeable is characterized in that: under IV～VI level wall rock condition, top bar and all establish interim mid-board.
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Cited By (19)
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| CN102817621A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-12-12 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Comprehensive construction method applicable to controlling arch basement sedimentation for tunnel in unfavorable geological conditions |
| CN104154326A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-11-19 | 中石化第十建设有限公司 | Rigid sleeve head for desert and silt geology jacking pipe and jacking pipe construction method thereof |
| CN104405402A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-03-11 | 中铁二院重庆勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | Symmetric middle separation wall construction method for hidden type middle wall multi-arch tunnel |
| CN104500093A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-08 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for positioning temporary middle walls in large-section tunnel supporting structure of formation with soft top and hard bottom |
| CN104594910A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-06 | 中交一公局第一工程有限公司 | Hydraulic rock-soil milling and excavating equipment and method for tunnel in soft and weak surrounding rock |
| CN104653187A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-05-27 | 中铁十九局集团有限公司 | Excavation method for water-rich sand stratum geology large cross-section tunnel |
| CN104763432A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-07-08 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for controlling large deformation by releasing pressure of high-stress roadway surrounding rocks |
| CN105257295A (en) * | 2015-09-26 | 2016-01-20 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | Process for excavating and constructing micro-steps of tunnels on basis of method for excavating steps |
| CN105443132A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-30 | 中国建筑第五工程局有限公司 | Construction method of shallow-buried subsurface-excavated cross-shaped cross-strut tunnel |
| CN105863648A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-17 | 中铁二十三局集团第二工程有限公司 | Underground-excavation shallow-covering large-cross-section tunnel construction method |
| CN107490336A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-19 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of experimental provision and test method of simulation CRD method constructing tunnels |
| CN108150176A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-06-12 | 长安大学 | A kind of excavation method of different surrounding rock rank super-span vcehicular tunnel |
| CN109372522A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-22 | 中铁隆工程集团有限公司 | Urban track traffic complexity overlapping tunnel construction method |
| CN109611101A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-12 | 中铁二十四局集团有限公司 | A kind of section in Tunneling by mining method converts construction technology |
| CN110821502A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-21 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Novel construction method for entrance section of weak surrounding rock large-span mountain tunnel |
| CN112253133A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-22 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Safe and efficient construction method for large-section underground excavation tunnel with upper soft and lower hard rock mass |
| CN112902933A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 河北建设勘察研究院有限公司 | Tunnel structure deformation monitoring device and monitoring method |
| CN114152159A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-08 | 中国葛洲坝集团国际工程有限公司 | Full-section synchronous blasting tunneling construction method for side wall on reserved side of large-section tunnel crown arch |
| CN114278314A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-05 | 中铁二十五局集团第三工程有限公司 | Tunnel construction method |
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| CN102817621A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-12-12 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Comprehensive construction method applicable to controlling arch basement sedimentation for tunnel in unfavorable geological conditions |
| CN104154326A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-11-19 | 中石化第十建设有限公司 | Rigid sleeve head for desert and silt geology jacking pipe and jacking pipe construction method thereof |
| CN104405402A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-03-11 | 中铁二院重庆勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | Symmetric middle separation wall construction method for hidden type middle wall multi-arch tunnel |
| CN104653187A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-05-27 | 中铁十九局集团有限公司 | Excavation method for water-rich sand stratum geology large cross-section tunnel |
| CN104500093A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-08 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for positioning temporary middle walls in large-section tunnel supporting structure of formation with soft top and hard bottom |
| CN104594910A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-06 | 中交一公局第一工程有限公司 | Hydraulic rock-soil milling and excavating equipment and method for tunnel in soft and weak surrounding rock |
| CN104763432A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-07-08 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for controlling large deformation by releasing pressure of high-stress roadway surrounding rocks |
| CN105257295A (en) * | 2015-09-26 | 2016-01-20 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | Process for excavating and constructing micro-steps of tunnels on basis of method for excavating steps |
| CN105443132A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-30 | 中国建筑第五工程局有限公司 | Construction method of shallow-buried subsurface-excavated cross-shaped cross-strut tunnel |
| CN105863648B (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2018-04-10 | 中铁二十三局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of tunneling is shallow to cover large-section tunnel construction method |
| CN105863648A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-17 | 中铁二十三局集团第二工程有限公司 | Underground-excavation shallow-covering large-cross-section tunnel construction method |
| CN107490336A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-19 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of experimental provision and test method of simulation CRD method constructing tunnels |
| CN107490336B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-04-09 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of experimental provision and test method for simulating CRD method constructing tunnel |
| CN108150176A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-06-12 | 长安大学 | A kind of excavation method of different surrounding rock rank super-span vcehicular tunnel |
| CN109372522A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-22 | 中铁隆工程集团有限公司 | Urban track traffic complexity overlapping tunnel construction method |
| CN109611101A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-12 | 中铁二十四局集团有限公司 | A kind of section in Tunneling by mining method converts construction technology |
| CN110821502A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-21 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Novel construction method for entrance section of weak surrounding rock large-span mountain tunnel |
| CN112253133A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-22 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Safe and efficient construction method for large-section underground excavation tunnel with upper soft and lower hard rock mass |
| CN112253133B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-07-19 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Safe and efficient construction method for large-section underground excavation tunnel with upper soft and lower hard rock mass |
| CN112902933A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 河北建设勘察研究院有限公司 | Tunnel structure deformation monitoring device and monitoring method |
| CN114152159A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-08 | 中国葛洲坝集团国际工程有限公司 | Full-section synchronous blasting tunneling construction method for side wall on reserved side of large-section tunnel crown arch |
| CN114278314A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-05 | 中铁二十五局集团第三工程有限公司 | Tunnel construction method |
| CN114278314B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-12-15 | 中铁二十五局集团第三工程有限公司 | Tunnel construction method |
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Application publication date: 20120111 |