CN102304642B - Cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102304642B CN102304642B CN201110248713A CN201110248713A CN102304642B CN 102304642 B CN102304642 B CN 102304642B CN 201110248713 A CN201110248713 A CN 201110248713A CN 201110248713 A CN201110248713 A CN 201110248713A CN 102304642 B CN102304642 B CN 102304642B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy and a preparation method thereof. The cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 14 percent of Sn, 2 to 5 percent of Pb, 1 to 4 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi which serve as impurities and the balance of Cu. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: smelting an electrolytic copper plate, a pure nickel plate, a pure tin ingot and a pure lead ingot which serve as raw materials sequentially; adding a refining agent into melting liquid, pouring, cooling, and thus obtaining a cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy ingot; and homogenizing and annealing the alloy ingot to obtain a cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy product. The prepared cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy has uniform ingredients, dendritic segregation is improved obviously, a small number of cast state defects occur, the hardness of the alloy is more than or equal to 100HB, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 300MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 10 percent, and the cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy is particularly suitable for wear-resistant heavy load key parts in a traffic power industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the tin bronze alloys preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Tinbronze is to be main alloy element with tin; Be added with the alloy of elements such as Pb, Ni simultaneously; Have good wear resistance, solidity to corrosion; Be mainly used in the part that bears friction in the elastic element of making steam boiler, seagoing vessel and other machinery and equipment and automobile and other industry, like wear parts such as steam cylinder piston pin bush(ing), bearing and lining liner, slave connecting rod lining, disk and packing rings etc.Industrial tinbronze stanniferous amount can be divided into processing tin bronze and cast tin bronze generally 3%～14%, and the tinbronze stanniferous amount that is used for press working is lower than 8%, and the stanniferous amount of cast tin bronze is 10%～14%.
Variation along with the harshnessization and the product applications of product service condition; The performance of tradition tinbronze material needs further to improve the functional requirement that satisfies under the harsh service condition of product, and the kind of tin bronze alloys also needs further to improve with variation and satisfies the product needed under the special operation condition condition simultaneously.GB/T1176-1987 has the cast tin bronze of 6 trades mark at present; Because it is big that tin bronze alloys has a crystallization range, the crystalline characteristics of solidification zone field width, the castability aspect is mobile poor; Be prone to produce casting flaws such as shrinkage porosite, segregation; Therefore, problems such as subject matter component segregation that present tin bronze alloys exploitation need solve and casting flaw, the main means that for this reason adopt are to adjust composition and improve preparation technology; For example Qiqihaer NO.1 Machine Tool Plant adopts under traditional atmospheric environment conventional gravity casting technology to develop tinbronze G2CuSn12Pb, and University of Science & Technology, Beijing utilizes the vacuum casting method to prepare tinbronze ZSn9Zn5, ZSn5Zn9.But also do not see the report that casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys and preparation method thereof is arranged at present, therefore, provide a kind of casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys and preparation method thereof significant for satisfying the actual product needs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of preparation method of casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys.
In order to realize above purpose; The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: a kind of casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys; Form by following components in weight percentage content: Sn 10-14%, Pb 2-5%, Ni 1-4%; The total content of impurity component Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi≤0.25%, surplus are Cu.
Preferably, the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys is made up of following components in weight percentage content: Sn 12%, and Pb 3.5%, and Ni 2.5%, the total content of impurity component Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi≤0.25%, and surplus is Cu.
In order to realize above purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: a kind of preparation method of casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys may further comprise the steps:
(1) prepare starting material: copper coin, pure tin ingot, pure nickel plate and pure lead pig are separated in power taking, handle through cutting, oven dry and surface degreasing afterwards, and be for use;
(2) batching: the composition by the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys takes by weighing the starting material after step (1) is handled;
(3) melting: in smelting furnace, add earlier charcoal; And then in smelting furnace, add the electrolysis copper coin; Heating makes electrolysis copper coin fusing, guarantees that in the process of heat fused electrolysis copper coin the fusion liquid level is covered by charcoal fully, realizes that through the isolated most of air of charcoal tectum the melting process of electrolysis copper coin carries out under micro-oxidizing atmosphere; Temperature is 1150～1250 ℃, 40～60 minutes time length; Treat to be warming up to after the electrolysis copper coin melts fully 1500 ℃～1550 ℃ and add the pure nickel plate, continue under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, to make the fusing of pure nickel plate, 10～15 minutes time length; After treating pure nickel plate fusing, temperature is reduced to 1150～1250 ℃, adds the pure tin ingot again, pure lead pig carries out melting under the micro-oxidizing atmosphere; 1～3 minute time length; Add the phosphor-copper reductor subsequently and carry out deoxidation, stir with the graphite stirring rod in the fusion process, skim with skimmer bar;
(4) add refining agent: the back refining agent that in liquation, adds that finishes of skimming; The consumption of refining agent is 0.5%～2% of a liquation gross weight; Stir afterwards, temperature rises to 1200～1250 ℃ and left standstill 1～3 minute, when treating that there is scum silica frost on the liquation surface; The processing of skimming does not again have scum silica frost until molten surface and occurs;
(5) cast: after molten surface does not have scum silica frost and occurs, treat that the liquation surface is pushed liquation aside and is mirror-like after, liquation is transferred in the casting ladle; Be poured into then in the casting mold, teeming temperature is 1120 ℃～1150 ℃, afterwards cooling; Take out, obtain casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting;
(6) homogenizing annealing: the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting of step (5) is incubated 6～10 hours down at 600～800 ℃, and air cooling carries out homogenizing annealing and handles afterwards, obtains casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product.
Refining agent described in the step (4) is made up of following components in weight percentage content: the Eu of 60-80% or Eu
2O
3, 10-30% SiO
2, 8-10% Rb
2O
2YVO with 0.5-2%
4Or Y
2O
3
In the step (5) before being poured into liquation in the casting mold, the preheating casting mold, preheating temperature is 250～350 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (6) casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting being carried out the temperature of homogenizing annealing when handling is 750 ℃, is incubated 8 hours, afterwards air cooling.
Be rich in tin, lead and other elements in the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys provided by the invention; Freezing range is big; In addition lead ratio heavy more greatly and not solid solution in gunmetal; And be distributed in the interdendritic with single-phase, black in color particulate state, therefore in the melting and casting process, be prone to defectives such as the reverse segregation of tin element, lead element gravity segregation and microcosmic dendritic segregation.Therefore the preparation method of casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys provided by the invention has used refining agent, and this refining agent has degasification, strengthens effects such as liquation flowability, crystal grain thinning.Through adding this refining agent, the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product composition that the present invention makes is even, structure refinement, and excellent property is handled through homogenizing annealing afterwards, has further improved the dendritic segregation defective of casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys.
The casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys that adopts the inventive method to make has the following advantages: (1) alloying constituent is even, behind homogenizing annealing, has improved dendritic segregation preferably; (2) the as cast condition defective is few, alloy rigidity >=100HB, tensile strength >=300MPa, unit elongation >=10%.The casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys that adopts the inventive method to make especially is fit to the wear-resisting heavily loaded key part of traffic power sector to be used.
Description of drawings
The microtexture photo of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that Fig. 1 makes for the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is identical with the moity of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product of the embodiment of the invention 1, but adopts conventional castmethod promptly to prepare burden → the microtexture photo of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that the preparation technology of melting → cast prepares;
The microtexture photo of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that Fig. 3 makes for the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 4 is identical with the moity of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product of the embodiment of the invention 2, but adopts conventional castmethod promptly to prepare burden → the microtexture photo of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that the preparation technology of melting → cast prepares;
The microtexture photo of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that Fig. 5 makes for the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 6 is identical with the moity of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product of the embodiment of the invention 3, but adopts conventional castmethod promptly to prepare burden → the microtexture photo of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that the preparation technology of melting → cast prepares;
The microtexture photo of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that Fig. 7 makes for the embodiment of the invention 4;
Fig. 8 is identical with the moity of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product of the embodiment of the invention 4, but adopts conventional castmethod promptly to prepare burden → the microtexture photo of the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that the preparation technology of melting → cast prepares.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys of present embodiment, be made up of following components in weight percentage content: Sn 14%, and Pb 2%, and Ni 1%, and the total content of impurity component Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi is 0.25%, surplus is Cu.
The preparation method of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys, concrete steps are:
(1) prepare starting material: get purity and be 99.95% 1# electrolysis copper coin, purity and be 99.90% 1# tin slab, purity and be 99.99% 1# nickel plate, purity and be 99.994% 1# lead pig, handle through cutting, oven dry and surface degreasing afterwards, for use;
(2) batching: the composition by the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys takes by weighing the starting material after step (1) is handled;
(3) melting: in smelting furnace, add the thick charcoal of about 20cm earlier, and then in smelting furnace, add the electrolysis copper coin, heating makes the fusing of electrolysis copper coin rapidly; In the process of heat fused electrolysis copper coin, can add charcoal; To guarantee that liquid level is covered by charcoal fully, can play insulation like this, prevent air-breathing and desoxydatoin, carry out under micro-oxidizing atmosphere with the melting process that realizes the electrolysis copper coin; Temperature is 1250 ℃, 40 minutes time length; Treat to be warming up to after the electrolysis copper coin melts fully 1550 ℃ and add the pure nickel plate, continue under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, to make the fusing of pure nickel plate, 10 minutes time length; After treating pure nickel plate fusing, temperature is reduced to 1250 ℃, adds the pure tin ingot again, pure lead pig carries out melting under the micro-oxidizing atmosphere, 1 minute time length, and add the phosphor-copper reductor subsequently and carry out deoxidation, with the stirring of graphite stirring rod, skim in the fusion process with skimmer bar;
(4) add refining agent: skimming finishes then adds refining agent in liquation, this refining agent is made up of following components in weight percentage content: Eu 60%, SiO
230%, Rb
2O
28%, YVO
42%, the consumption of refining agent is 0.5% of a liquation gross weight, and fully stirring from top to bottom slowly after temperature rises to 1200 ℃, stops heating afterwards, leaves standstill 3 minutes, and when treating that there is scum silica frost on the liquation surface, processings of skimming again do not have the scum silica frost appearance until molten surface;
(5) cast: after molten surface did not have scum silica frost and occurs, at this moment molten surface was pushed liquation aside and is mirror-like, and liquation is transferred in the casting ladle; Be poured into then in the casting mold of preheating; Preheating temperature is 350 ℃, and teeming temperature is 1150 ℃, afterwards cooling; Take out, obtain casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting;
(6) homogenizing annealing: the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting of step (5) is incubated 8 hours down at 600 ℃, and air cooling carries out homogenizing annealing and handles afterwards, obtains casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product.The casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that obtains directly is used for machining.
The hardness of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys reaches 119HB, and tensile strength and unit elongation are respectively 313MPa and 11.2%, and alloy plasticity improves, dendritic segregation be improved significantly.The microtexture photo of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys is seen shown in Figure 1.
Under the moity condition identical with present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product; The alloy rigidity that the existing conventional preparation technology of employing batching → melting → cast prepares is 93HB; Tensile strength and elongation are respectively 206MPa and 4.2%; And segregation is serious, and its microtexture photo is seen shown in Figure 2.
Can find out among Fig. 2 has a large amount of dentrites to exist, and dendritic segregation is obvious; Basically do not have dentrite to exist among Fig. 1, distributed components, dendritic segregation be improved significantly.
Embodiment 2
The casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys of present embodiment, be made up of following components in weight percentage content: Sn 12%, and Pb 3.5%, and Ni 2.5%, and the total content of impurity component Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi is 0.23%, surplus is Cu.
The preparation method of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys, concrete steps are:
(1) prepare starting material: get purity and be 99.95% 1# electrolysis copper coin, purity and be 99.90% 1# tin slab, purity and be 99.99% 1# nickel plate, purity and be 99.994% 1# lead pig, handle through cutting, oven dry and surface degreasing afterwards, for use;
(2) batching: the composition by the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys takes by weighing the starting material after step (1) is handled;
(3) melting: in smelting furnace, add the thick charcoal of about 20cm earlier, and then in smelting furnace, add the electrolysis copper coin, heating makes the fusing of electrolysis copper coin rapidly; In the process of heat fused electrolysis copper coin, can add charcoal; To guarantee that liquid level is covered by charcoal fully, can play insulation like this, prevent air-breathing and desoxydatoin, carry out under micro-oxidizing atmosphere with the melting process that realizes the electrolysis copper coin; Temperature is 1150 ℃, 60 minutes time length; Treat to be warming up to after the electrolysis copper coin melts fully 1500 ℃ and add the pure nickel plate, continue under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, to make the fusing of pure nickel plate, 15 minutes time length; After treating pure nickel plate fusing, temperature is reduced to 1150 ℃, adds the pure tin ingot again, pure lead pig carries out melting under the micro-oxidizing atmosphere, 3 minutes time length, and add the phosphor-copper reductor subsequently and carry out deoxidation, with the stirring of graphite stirring rod, skim in the fusion process with skimmer bar;
(4) add refining agent: skimming finishes then adds refining agent in liquation, this refining agent is made up of following components in weight percentage content: Eu 69.5%, SiO
220%, Rb
2O
210%, YVO
40.5%, the consumption of refining agent is 1.5% of a middle liquation gross weight, and fully stirring from top to bottom slowly after temperature rises to 1250 ℃, stops heating afterwards, leaves standstill 1 minute, and when treating that there is scum silica frost on the liquation surface, processings of skimming again do not have the scum silica frost appearance until molten surface;
(5) cast: after molten surface did not have scum silica frost and occurs, molten surface was pushed liquation aside and was mirror-like this moment, and liquation is transferred in the casting ladle; Be poured into then in the casting mold of preheating; Preheating temperature is 250 ℃, and teeming temperature is 1120 ℃, afterwards cooling; Take out, obtain casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting;
(6) homogenizing annealing: the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting of step (5) is incubated 10 hours down at 680 ℃, and air cooling carries out homogenizing annealing and handles afterwards, obtains casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product.The casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that obtains directly is used for machining.
The hardness of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys reaches 121HB, and tensile strength and unit elongation are respectively 328MPa and 16.3%, and alloy plasticity improves, dendritic segregation be improved significantly.The microtexture photo of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys is seen shown in Figure 3.
Under the moity condition identical with present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product; The hardness of alloy that the existing conventional preparation technology of employing batching → melting → cast prepares is 78HB; Tensile strength and elongation are respectively 219MPa and 3.9%, and segregation is serious.Its microtexture photo is seen shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 3
The casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys of present embodiment, be made up of following components in weight percentage content: Sn 10%, and Pb 5%, and Ni 4%, and the total content of impurity component Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi is 0.20%, surplus is Cu.
The preparation method of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys, concrete steps are:
(1) prepare starting material: get purity and be 99.95% 1# electrolysis copper coin, purity and be 99.90% 1# tin slab, purity and be 99.99% 1# nickel plate, purity and be 99.994% 1# lead pig, handle through cutting, oven dry and surface degreasing afterwards, for use;
(2) batching: the composition by the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys takes by weighing the starting material after step (1) is handled;
(3) melting: in smelting furnace, add the thick charcoal of about 20cm earlier, and then in smelting furnace, add the electrolysis copper coin, heating makes the fusing of electrolysis copper coin rapidly; In the process of heat fused electrolysis copper coin, can add charcoal; To guarantee that liquid level is covered by charcoal fully, can play insulation like this, prevent air-breathing and desoxydatoin, carry out under micro-oxidizing atmosphere with the melting process that realizes the electrolysis copper coin; Temperature is 1200 ℃, 50 minutes time length; Treat to be warming up to after the electrolysis copper coin melts fully 1500 ℃ and add the pure nickel plate, continue under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, to make the fusing of pure nickel plate, 15 minutes time length; After treating pure nickel plate fusing, temperature is reduced to 1200 ℃, adds the pure tin ingot again, pure lead pig carries out melting under the micro-oxidizing atmosphere, 2 minutes time length, and add the phosphor-copper reductor subsequently and carry out deoxidation, with the stirring of graphite stirring rod, skim in the fusion process with skimmer bar;
(4) add refining agent: skimming finishes then adds refining agent in liquation, this refining agent is made up of following components in weight percentage content: Eu
2O
360%, SiO
230%, Rb
2O
28%, Y
2O
32%, the consumption of refining agent is 2% of a liquation gross weight, and fully stirring from top to bottom slowly after temperature rises to 1200 ℃, stops heating afterwards, leaves standstill 2 minutes, and when treating that there is scum silica frost on the liquation surface, processings of skimming again do not have the scum silica frost appearance until molten surface;
(5) cast: after molten surface does not have scum silica frost and occurs, treat that the liquation surface is pushed liquation aside and is mirror-like after, liquation is transferred in the casting ladle; Be poured into then in the casting mold of preheating; Preheating temperature is 300 ℃, and teeming temperature is 1150 ℃, afterwards cooling; Take out, obtain casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting;
(6) homogenizing annealing: the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting of step (5) is incubated 8 hours down at 750 ℃, and air cooling carries out homogenizing annealing and handles afterwards, obtains casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product.The casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that obtains directly is used for machining.
The hardness of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys reaches 128HB, and tensile strength and unit elongation are respectively 336MPa and 17.6%, and alloy plasticity improves, dendritic segregation be improved significantly.The microtexture photo of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys is seen shown in Figure 5.
Under the moity condition identical with present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product; The hardness of alloy that the existing conventional preparation technology of employing batching → melting → cast prepares is 68HB; Tensile strength and elongation are respectively 223MPa and 3.7%, and segregation is serious.Its microtexture photo is seen shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment 4
The casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys of present embodiment, be made up of following components in weight percentage content: Sn 14%, and Pb 2%, and Ni 4%, and the total content of impurity component Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi is 0.25%, surplus is Cu.
The preparation method of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys, concrete steps are:
(1) prepare starting material: get purity and be 99.95% 1# electrolysis copper coin, purity and be 99.90% 1# tin slab, purity and be 99.99% 1# nickel plate, purity and be 99.994% 1# lead pig, handle through cutting, oven dry and surface degreasing afterwards, for use;
(2) batching: the composition by the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys takes by weighing the starting material after step (1) is handled;
(3) melting: in smelting furnace, add the thick charcoal of about 20cm earlier, and then in smelting furnace, add the electrolysis copper coin, heating makes the fusing of electrolysis copper coin rapidly; In the process of heat fused electrolysis copper coin, can add charcoal; To guarantee that liquid level is covered by charcoal fully, can play insulation like this, prevent air-breathing and desoxydatoin, carry out under micro-oxidizing atmosphere with the melting process that realizes the electrolysis copper coin; Temperature is 1250 ℃, 40 minutes time length; Treat to be warming up to after the electrolysis copper coin melts fully 1550 ℃ and add the pure nickel plate, continue under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, to make the fusing of pure nickel plate, 10 minutes time length; After treating pure nickel plate fusing, temperature is reduced to 1250 ℃, adds the pure tin ingot again, pure lead pig carries out melting under the micro-oxidizing atmosphere, 1 minute time length, and add the phosphor-copper reductor subsequently and carry out deoxidation, with the stirring of graphite stirring rod, skim in the fusion process with skimmer bar;
(4) add refining agent: skimming finishes then adds refining agent in liquation, this refining agent is made up of following components in weight percentage content: Eu
2O
380%, SiO
210%, Rb
2O
29.5%, Y
2O
30.5%, the consumption of refining agent is 0.8% of a liquation gross weight, and fully stirring from top to bottom slowly after temperature rises to 1200 ℃, stops heating afterwards, leaves standstill 2 minutes, and when treating that there is scum silica frost on the liquation surface, processings of skimming again do not have the scum silica frost appearance until molten surface;
(5) cast: after molten surface does not have scum silica frost and occurs, treat that the liquation surface is pushed liquation aside and is mirror-like after, liquation is transferred in the casting ladle; Be poured into then in the casting mold of preheating; Preheating temperature is 350 ℃, and teeming temperature is 1150 ℃, afterwards cooling; Take out, obtain casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting;
(6) homogenizing annealing: the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting of step (5) is incubated 10 hours down at 800 ℃, and air cooling carries out homogenizing annealing and handles afterwards, obtains casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product.The casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product that obtains directly is used for machining.
The hardness of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys reaches 114HB, and tensile strength and unit elongation are respectively 309MPa and 13.8%, and alloy plasticity improves, dendritic segregation be improved significantly.The microtexture photo of present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys is seen shown in Figure 7.
Under the moity condition identical with present embodiment casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product; The hardness of alloy that the existing conventional preparation technology of employing batching → melting → cast prepares is 76HB; Tensile strength and elongation are respectively 252MPa and 7.3%, and segregation is serious.Its microtexture photo is seen shown in Figure 8.
Claims (5)
1. a casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys is characterized in that, is made up of following components in weight percentage content: Sn 10-14%, and Pb 2-5%, Ni 1-4%, the total content of impurity component Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi≤0.25%, surplus is Cu; Concrete preparation method comprises the steps:
Batching step: the composition by the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys takes by weighing starting material; Said starting material are electrolysis copper coin, pure tin ingot, pure nickel plate and pure lead pig; Said casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys is made up of following components in weight percentage content: Sn 10-14%, Pb 2-5%, Ni 1-4%; The total content of impurity component Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi≤0.25%, surplus are Cu;
The melting step: heat fused electrolysis copper coin under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, temperature is 1150～1250 ℃, 40～60 minutes time length; Treat to be warming up to after the electrolysis copper coin melts fully 1500 ℃～1550 ℃ and add the pure nickel plate, continue under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, to make the fusing of pure nickel plate, 10～15 minutes time length; After treating pure nickel plate fusing, temperature is reduced to 1150～1250 ℃, adds the pure tin ingot again, pure lead pig carries out melting under the micro-oxidizing atmosphere, 1～3 minute time length, stir in the fusion process, and skim;
Add the refining agent step: skimming finishes then adds refining agent in liquation, said refining agent is made up of following components in weight percentage content: the Eu of 60-80% or Eu
2O
3, 10-30% SiO
2, 8-10% Rb
2O
2YVO with 0.5-2%
4Or Y
2O
3The consumption of refining agent is 0.5%～2% of a liquation gross weight, stirs afterwards, and temperature rises to 1200～1250 ℃ and left standstill 1～3 minute, and when treating that there is scum silica frost on the liquation surface, the processing of skimming does not again have scum silica frost until molten surface and occurs;
The cast step: molten surface is not transferred to liquation in the casting ladle after having the scum silica frost appearance, is poured into then in the casting mold, and teeming temperature is 1120 ℃～1150 ℃, and cooling is afterwards taken out, and obtains casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting;
Annealing steps: casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting is incubated 6～10 hours down at 600～800 ℃, and air cooling carries out homogenizing annealing and handles afterwards, obtains casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product.
2. casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; This casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys is made up of following components in weight percentage content: Sn 12%, and Pb 3.5%, and Ni 2.5%; The total content of impurity component Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi≤0.25%, surplus are Cu.
3. the preparation method of the described casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys of claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Batching step: the composition by the casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys takes by weighing starting material; Said starting material are electrolysis copper coin, pure tin ingot, pure nickel plate and pure lead pig; Said casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys is made up of following components in weight percentage content: Sn 10-14%, Pb 2-5%, Ni 1-4%; The total content of impurity component Fe, Sb, Al, Zn, P, Si and Bi≤0.25%, surplus are Cu;
The melting step: heat fused electrolysis copper coin under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, temperature is 1150～1250 ℃, 40～60 minutes time length; Treat to be warming up to after the electrolysis copper coin melts fully 1500 ℃～1550 ℃ and add the pure nickel plate, continue under micro-oxidizing atmosphere, to make the fusing of pure nickel plate, 10～15 minutes time length; After treating pure nickel plate fusing, temperature is reduced to 1150～1250 ℃, adds the pure tin ingot again, pure lead pig carries out melting under the micro-oxidizing atmosphere, 1～3 minute time length, stir in the fusion process, and skim;
Add the refining agent step: skimming finishes then adds refining agent in liquation, said refining agent is made up of following components in weight percentage content: the Eu of 60-80% or Eu
2O
3, 10-30% SiO
2, 8-10% Rb
2O
2YVO with 0.5-2%
4Or Y
2O
3The consumption of refining agent is 0.5%～2% of a liquation gross weight, stirs afterwards, and temperature rises to 1200～1250 ℃ and left standstill 1～3 minute, and when treating that there is scum silica frost on the liquation surface, the processing of skimming does not again have scum silica frost until molten surface and occurs;
The cast step: molten surface is not transferred to liquation in the casting ladle after having the scum silica frost appearance, is poured into then in the casting mold, and teeming temperature is 1120 ℃～1150 ℃, and cooling is afterwards taken out, and obtains casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting;
Annealing steps: casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting is incubated 6～10 hours down at 600～800 ℃, and air cooling carries out homogenizing annealing and handles afterwards, obtains casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys product.
4. the preparation method of casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the cast step, and before being poured into liquation in the casting mold, the preheating casting mold, preheating temperature is 250～350 ℃.
5. the preparation method of casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the annealing steps, the temperature when casting wear-resistant tin bronze alloys ingot casting is carried out the homogenizing annealing processing is 750 ℃, is incubated 8 hours, afterwards air cooling.
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| CN201110248713A CN102304642B (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2011-08-26 | Cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201110248713A CN102304642B (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2011-08-26 | Cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102304642A CN102304642A (en) | 2012-01-04 |
| CN102304642B true CN102304642B (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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| CN201110248713A Active CN102304642B (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2011-08-26 | Cast wear-resistant tin bronze alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102304642A (en) | 2012-01-04 |
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