CN102285312A - 带有行星齿轮变速器级的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器 - Google Patents

带有行星齿轮变速器级的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器 Download PDF

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CN102285312A
CN102285312A CN2011101503589A CN201110150358A CN102285312A CN 102285312 A CN102285312 A CN 102285312A CN 2011101503589 A CN2011101503589 A CN 2011101503589A CN 201110150358 A CN201110150358 A CN 201110150358A CN 102285312 A CN102285312 A CN 102285312A
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cylindrical wheel
gear
change
rotor shaft
wheel
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克里斯琴.孔泽
马塞厄斯.雷姆勒
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F16H3/725—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种带有行星齿轮变速器级(3)的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器(1)。该多挡圆柱齿轮变速器(1)具有分别用于每个挡位的圆柱齿轮对(4)、一个带有用于将变速器输入端(7)连接到发动机输出轴上的离合装置(6)的离合器壳(5)、用于承接各挡位的圆柱齿轮对(4)的至少一个变速器驱动轴(8)和变速器从动轴(9)以及一个带有位于变速器从动轴(9)上的从动齿轮(11)的变速器输出端(10)。在离合器壳(5)和变速器输入端(7)之间布置有行星齿轮变速器级(3)，其行星齿轮保持架(12)具有圆柱齿轮齿环(13)，该圆柱齿轮齿环(13)与电动力装置(16)的转子轴(15)的至少一个第一圆柱齿轮(23)啮合。

Description

带有行星齿轮变速器级的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种带有行星齿轮变速器级的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器。该多挡圆柱齿轮变速器具有分别用于每个挡位的圆柱齿轮对、一个带有用于将变速器输入端连接到发动机输出轴上的离合装置的离合器壳、用于承接各挡位的圆柱齿轮对的至少一个变速器驱动轴和变速器从动轴以及一个带有位于变速器从动轴上的从动齿轮的变速器输出端。
背景技术
这种多挡圆柱齿轮变速器在专利文献US 6,502,652 B2的汽车中已知。在此，附加的行星齿轮变速器级用于当多挡圆柱齿轮变速器由低挡换高挡时桥接转矩，因为在这个换挡区域内传统的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器需要中断转矩传递，以便可以同步地换挡到更高的挡位。在这个阶段，在传统的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器中不会有功率传递到车辆底盘上。该转矩传递的中断用附加地由上述专利文献已知的行星齿轮变速器级桥接，其中，可以通过行星齿轮变速器级的齿圈与变速器从动轴上的从动齿轮耦连。这种带有行星齿轮变速器级的已知多挡圆柱齿轮变速器的缺点是，这种附加的行星齿轮变速器级的使用可能性仅有限地被利用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，克服现有技术中的缺点并且提供一种带有行星齿轮变速器级的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器，该行星齿轮变速器级的使用范围更广并且可在功率传递中实现附加的新功能。
该技术问题按本发明通过一种带有行星齿轮变速器级的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器解决。该多挡圆柱齿轮变速器具有分别用于每个挡位的圆柱齿轮对、一个带有用于将变速器输入端连接到发动机输出轴上的离合装置的离合器壳、用于承接各挡位的圆柱齿轮对的至少一个变速器驱动轴和变速器从动轴，以及一个带有位于所述变速器从动轴上的从动齿轮的变速器输出端。在所述离合器壳和所述变速器输入端之间布置有所述行星齿轮变速器级，其行星齿轮保持架具有圆柱齿轮齿环，该圆柱齿轮齿环与电动力装置转子轴的至少一个第一圆柱齿轮啮合。
这种带有附加行星齿轮变速器级的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器的优点在于，当多挡圆柱齿轮变速器从低挡换高挡时，在制动行星齿轮变速器级的齿圈时就已经可以桥接转矩或补足转矩，并且在本发明的这种实施形式中，可以使用行星齿轮变速器级的太阳轮和行星齿轮保持架的圆柱齿轮齿环之间的传动比，因为太阳轮与离合装置的飞轮质量并且因此与发动机输出轴机械地连接。
通过使至少一个与电动力装置的转子轴连接的圆柱齿轮与行星齿轮保持架的圆柱齿轮齿环啮合，可以在通过控制单元将电动力装置切换到发电机运行方式中之后并且同时在制动装置的第一接通位置中制动行星齿轮变速器级的齿圈时，以有利的方式利用车辆能量回收式制动或能量回收式下坡行驶来回收能量。
此外能以有利的方式实现，在借助控制单元将电动力装置切换到电动机运行方式中时，在制动行星齿轮变速器级的齿圈的情况下可利用电动力装置的电动机运行方式来支持内燃机的转矩。这种支持运行方式或助推运行方式在车辆启动时是特别有利的。
因此，与电动力装置的转子轴共同作用的至少一个圆柱齿轮就能实现附加的行星齿轮变速器级的三种有利的使用可能性，即，通过能量回收式制动或下坡用于回收能量、在启动运行中用于助推车辆和/或在多挡圆柱齿轮变速器由低挡换高挡时用于补足转矩。这一点可以实现是因为在本申请中行星齿轮保持架的圆柱齿轮齿环通过转子轴的圆柱齿轮与电动力装置共同作用。
在本申请的另一种实施形式中，电动力装置的转子轴不是仅有一个圆柱齿轮，而是具有两个圆柱齿轮，其中，这两个圆柱齿轮可旋转地支承在转子轴上并且可以通过转子轴的同步装置耦连。可旋转地支承在转子轴上并且可以在同步装置的第二位置中与该转子轴耦连的附加的第二圆柱齿轮与(行星)齿圈的外部圆柱齿轮齿环啮合。
这样的优点是，在车辆静止时，可以通过控制单元将电动力装置切换到电动机运行方式，该电动力装置在车辆静止和内燃机静止时通过以下方式用作起动电机，即，通过第二圆柱齿轮将转矩传递到齿圈上，并且由于车辆的静止状态，行星齿轮保持架被固定或制动，太阳轮因此启动飞轮质量和发动机输出轴或发动机曲轴，直至发动机启动并且同步装置滑回到其中性位置。
同步装置的这个第二位置也可以用于通过转子轴上的第二圆柱齿轮在车辆启动或加速时将现在作为电动机接通的电动力装置用于转矩支持。若同步装置处于该第二位置中，则行星齿轮变速器级的制动装置分别释放齿圈。
在同步装置的第一位置中，转子轴上的第一圆柱齿轮与转子轴抗扭地相连。在该第一位置中，只要电动力装置在电动机运行方式或发电机运行方式或能量回收式运行状态中运行时，就不制动行星齿轮变速器级的齿圈。
在同步装置的中性位置中，为了在由抵挡换高挡的转矩中断阶段中补足转矩，制动装置可以锁止齿圈。
为此，制动装置具有促动器，该促动器选择性地在第一接通位置中制动行星齿轮变速器级的齿圈，并且在第二接通位置中释放该行星齿轮变速器级的齿圈。
制动装置本身具有多个环形元件，即第一中间环形元件和两个夹持环，该第一中间环形元件具有中央制动圆盘及布置在两侧的制动摩擦片，该中央制动圆盘与(行星)齿圈连接，所述两个夹持环布置在制动圆盘两侧并且抗扭但可轴向移动地与变速器壳体的离合器壳连接。为了制动齿圈，可以通过轴向移动将夹持环按压在制动圆盘上。
在制动装置的第二接通位置中，齿圈被释放，因此当同步装置位于其中性位置中并且转子轴由此不能被两个圆柱齿轮转动时，可以同时相应于所述圆柱齿轮对接通多挡圆柱齿轮变速器。
若同步装置位于第一位置中，则该同步装置使转子轴的第一圆柱齿轮与该转子轴耦连，其中，第一圆柱齿轮与所述行星齿轮保持架的圆柱齿轮齿环以及所述变速器从动轴的从动齿轮啮合。
若同步装置位于第二位置中，则转子轴的第二圆柱齿轮与该转子轴耦连，并且该第二圆柱齿轮与齿圈的圆柱齿轮齿环啮合，其中，制动装置在其第二接通位置中释放齿圈。
附图说明
现在参照附图进一步阐述本发明的技术方案。在附图中：
图1示出按本发明第一种实施形式的带有行星齿轮变速器级的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器的部分区域的示意横截面；
图2示出按本发明第二种实施形式的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器的部分区域的示意横截面；
图3示出按本发明第二种实施形式的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器的示意横截面。
具体实施方式
图1示出按本发明第一种实施形式的带有行星齿轮变速器级3的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器1的部分区域的示意横截面。多挡圆柱齿轮变速器1具有分别用于每个挡位的圆柱齿轮对4、一个带有用于将变速器输入端7连接到发动机输出轴上的离合装置6的离合器壳5、用于承接各挡位的圆柱齿轮对4的至少一个变速器驱动轴8和变速器从动轴9以及一个带有位于所述变速器从动轴9上的从动齿轮11的变速器输出端10。
在离合器壳5和变速器输入端7之间布置有所述行星齿轮变速器级3，其行星齿轮保持架12具有圆柱齿轮齿环13，该圆柱齿轮齿环13与电动力装置16的转子轴15的一个第一圆柱齿轮23啮合。电动力装置16具有一个控制单元17，该控制单元17可以将电动力装置16从电动机运行方式转换到发电机运行方式或相反地转换。在转子轴15上可旋转地布置有第一圆柱齿轮23，其可以借助一个双侧作用的同步装置25与转子轴15啮合。
转子轴15上的第一圆柱齿轮23与行星齿轮保持架12的圆柱齿轮齿环13啮合，其中，制动装置18以设计为第一环形元件31的制动圆盘27和行星齿轮变速器级3的齿圈20连接，因此可以借助促动器19激活制动装置并且可以将设计为夹持环34或35的另外两个环形元件32和33按压在制动圆盘27的制动摩擦片28和29上，以锁止齿圈20。
通过本发明的第一种实施形式，如图1所示，可以在同步装置处于中性位置并且齿圈20被制动时，将行星齿轮保持架12用于在多挡圆柱齿轮变速器1由低挡换高挡时桥接或补足转矩中断，使得尤其在上坡时不会在底盘上产生功率下降。为此，行星齿轮变速器级3的太阳轮30与离合装置6的飞轮质量并且因此与发动机输出轴或曲轴连接。
在这个桥接或补足转矩的阶段中，齿圈20在制动装置18促动器19的第一接通位置21中被锁止，因此内燃机现在通过太阳轮和行星齿轮保持架12之间的传动比以及行星齿轮保持架的圆柱齿轮齿环13和从动齿轮11的圆柱齿轮齿环14之间的传动比将转矩传递到在此未示出的差速机构上，以补足转矩。
除了上述功能，通过单侧作用的同步装置25的耦合，电动力装置16可以通过借助控制单元17转换到电动机运行方式而将附加的转矩传递到从动齿轮11上并且因此传递到差速器上，从而可以进行助推。然而为此借助促动器19将制动装置18的制动圆盘置入第二接通位置22中，在该位置中制动圆盘27和齿圈20自由运转。此外可以在行驶状态中通过以下方式使用能量回收式制动或下坡进行能量回收，即，在释放齿圈20的情况下再次将制动装置18置入第二接通位置，并且使单侧作用的同步装置25与第一圆柱齿轮23卡锁，并且借助控制单元17附加地将电动力装置16移入发电机运行方式中。
图2示出按本发明第二种实施形式的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器2的部分区域的示意横截面。与图1中功能相同的部件用相同的附图标记表示并且不再额外说明。在这种实施形式中，在转子轴15上可旋转地支承有两个圆柱齿轮23和24，它们通过一个双侧作用的同步装置25选择性地与转子轴啮合。只要双侧作用的同步装置在第一位置36中将圆柱齿轮23与转子轴连接，或选择性地保持在所示的中性位置38中，则可以通过行星齿轮变速器级3与制动装置和同步装置的共同作用为车辆提供如参照图1已经说明的那些有利的功能。为了补足或桥接转矩，需要将同步装置移入中性位置38，使得两个圆柱齿轮23和24均未与转子轴15啮合。
同步装置25在第二啮合位置37中使转子轴15上的第二圆柱齿轮24与该转子轴15连接，其中，第二圆柱齿轮24与齿圈20的外部圆柱齿轮齿环26啮合。这可以用于在车辆的静止状态中(此时行星齿轮保持架12实际被锁止并且齿圈20通过制动装置18由于促动器19过渡到第二接通位置22中而被释放)使电动力装置16作为电动机承担用于内燃机的起动电机的功能。太阳轮30与离合装置6的飞轮质量机械地连接，因此曲轴或发动机输出轴经由太阳轮30通过作为起动电机的电动力装置16被驱动，直至内燃机启动。
由此可以省去用于内燃机的传统起动马达。此外，在同步装置的第二位置中，所述电动力装置作为电动机也可以将附加的转矩传递到从动齿轮上并因此传递到未示出的差速器上，从而用作助推电动机。
图3示出按本发明第二种实施形式的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器2的示意横截面。与之前附图中功能相同的部件用相同的附图标记表示并且不再额外说明。
由图3可以看出从动齿轮11与差速机构40的外部圆柱齿轮齿环39的共同作用，并且还示出了行星齿轮变速器级3的太阳轮30与离合器壳5中离合装置6的飞轮质量的共同作用。在此示出的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器2仅具有一个变速器驱动轴8和一个变速器从动轴9，但行星齿轮变速器级3也可以在具有两个变速器驱动轴的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器中运行，以便利用该附加的行星齿轮变速器级3的上述不同功能的优点。
附图标记清单
1多挡圆柱齿轮变速器(第一种实施形式)
2多挡圆柱齿轮变速器(第二种实施形式)
3行星齿轮变速器级
4圆柱齿轮对
5离合器壳
6离合装置
7变速器输入端
8变速器驱动轴
9变速器从动轴
10变速器输出端
11(变速器的)从动齿轮
12行星齿轮保持架
13(行星齿轮保持架的)圆柱齿轮齿环
14(从动齿轮的)圆柱齿轮齿环
15转子轴
16电动力装置
17电动力装置的控制单元
18制动装置
19促动器
20齿圈
21第一接通位置(齿圈被制动)
22第二接通位置(齿圈被释放)
23转子轴的第一圆柱齿轮
24转子轴的第二圆柱齿轮
25同步装置
26齿圈的圆柱齿轮齿环
27中央制动圆盘
28制动摩擦片
29制动摩擦片
30行星齿轮变速器级的太阳轮
31环形元件
32环形元件
33环形元件
34夹持环
35夹持环
36同步装置的第一位置
37同步装置的第二位置
38同步装置的中性位置
39外部圆柱齿轮齿环
40差速机构

Claims (10)

1.一种带有行星齿轮变速器级(3)的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器(1)，
-其中，该多挡圆柱齿轮变速器(1)具有分别用于每个挡位的圆柱齿轮对(4)、一个带有用于将变速器输入端(7)连接到发动机输出轴上的离合装置(6)的离合器壳(5)、用于承接各挡位的圆柱齿轮对(4)的至少一个变速器驱动轴(8)和变速器从动轴(9)，以及一个带有位于所述变速器从动轴(9)上的从动齿轮(11)的变速器输出端(10)，
其中，在所述离合器壳(5)和所述变速器输入端(7)之间布置有所述行星齿轮变速器级(3)，其行星齿轮保持架(12)具有圆柱齿轮齿环(13)，该圆柱齿轮齿环(13)与电动力装置(16)的转子轴(15)的至少一个第一圆柱齿轮(23)啮合。
2.按权利要求1所述的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器，其中，所述电动力装置(16)具有一个控制单元(17)，该控制单元(17)可以实现该电动力装置(16)的电动机运行方式或发电机运行方式。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器，其中，一制动装置(18)具有一个促动器(19)，该促动器(19)选择性地在第一接通位置将所述行星齿轮变速器级(3)的齿圈(20)制动并且在第二接通位置(22)中释放该行星齿轮变速器级(3)的齿圈(20)。
4.按权利要求1至3之一所述的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器，其中，第一圆柱齿轮(23)和第二圆柱齿轮(24)可旋转地支承在所述转子轴(15)上，并且在所述圆柱齿轮(23，24)之间布置有一个抗扭地与所述转子轴(15)相连的同步装置(25)。
5.按权利要求1至4之一所述的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器，其中，所述转子轴(15)的第一圆柱齿轮(23)与所述行星齿轮保持架(12)的圆柱齿轮齿环(13)以及所述变速器从动轴(9)上的从动齿轮(11)啮合。
6.按权利要求5所述的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器，其中，所述转子轴(15)的第二圆柱齿轮(24)与所述行星齿轮变速器级(3)的齿圈(20)的圆柱齿轮齿环(26)啮合。
7.按权利要求5或6所述的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器，其中，所述制动装置(18)具有多个环形元件(31，32，33)，即第一中间环形元件(31)和两个夹持环(34，35)，该第一中间环形元件(31)具有中央制动圆盘(27)及布置在两侧的制动摩擦片(28，29)，该中央制动圆盘(27)与所述齿圈(20)连接，所述两个夹持环(34，35)布置在所述制动圆盘(27)两侧并且抗扭且可轴向移动地布置在变速器壳体的离合器壳(5)上，其中，通过轴向移动将所述两个夹持环(34，35)按压在制动圆盘(27)上以制动所述齿圈(20)。
8.按权利要求3至7之一所述的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器，其中，在所述制动装置(18)的第二接通位置中，可以相应于所述圆柱齿轮对(4)接通所述多挡圆柱齿轮变速器(1)，并且所述转子轴(15)不旋转。
9.按权利要求1至8之一所述的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器，其中，所述同步装置(25)在第一位置(36)中将所述转子轴(15)的第一圆柱齿轮(23)与该转子轴(15)耦连，并且其中，所述第一圆柱齿轮(23)与所述行星齿轮保持架(12)的圆柱齿轮齿环(13)以及所述变速器从动轴(9)的从动齿轮(11)啮合。
10.按权利要求1至9之一所述的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器，其中，所述同步装置(25)在第二位置(37)中将所述转子轴(15)的第二圆柱齿轮(24)与该转子轴(15)耦连，并且其中，所述第二圆柱齿轮(24)与所述齿圈(20)的圆柱齿轮齿环(26)啮合。
CN2011101503589A 2010-06-08 2011-06-07 带有行星齿轮变速器级的多挡圆柱齿轮变速器 Pending CN102285312A (zh)

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CN108561514A (zh) * 2018-04-08 2018-09-21 泉州臻美智能科技有限公司 一种自动调节的变速器
CN113561757A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-10-29 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 单电机单行星排多挡混合动力变速箱以及混合动力车辆

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CN106151418B (zh) * 2015-04-15 2020-11-03 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 电动无级变速器以及包括它的车辆
CN108561514A (zh) * 2018-04-08 2018-09-21 泉州臻美智能科技有限公司 一种自动调节的变速器
CN113561757A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-10-29 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 单电机单行星排多挡混合动力变速箱以及混合动力车辆
CN113561757B (zh) * 2021-06-30 2023-04-25 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 单电机单行星排多挡混合动力变速箱以及混合动力车辆

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GB201108927D0 (en) 2011-07-13
GB2481102A (en) 2011-12-14
US20110300985A1 (en) 2011-12-08
US8480524B2 (en) 2013-07-09
DE102010023080A1 (de) 2012-01-19
RU2011122578A (ru) 2012-12-20

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