CN102281979A

CN102281979A - Multi-edged machining tool for post-machining of bores

Info

Publication number: CN102281979A
Application number: CN2009801545455A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·比泽; G·埃凯尔
Original assignee: Guehring KG
Current assignee: Guehring KG
Priority date: 2008-11-14
Filing date: 2009-11-13
Publication date: 2011-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-13
Also published as: EP2349623B1; JP5587900B2; EP2349623A2; US20120020750A1; KR20110094293A; CA2743909A1; US9144853B2; WO2010054641A2; JP2012508653A; ES2581428T3; CN102281979B; WO2010054641A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-edged machining tool for the post-machining or precision machining of bores, in particular to a reamer for machining deep bores or several axially interspaced bores of the same dimensions and quality, such as bores for receiving bearing bushes for a camshaft. The tool has at least one cutting insert (32) with a pre-determined nominal diameter measurement and with cutting edges that are distributed substantially uniformly around the periphery, in addition to a guide body assembly that is axially offset in relation to said edges. The aim of the invention is to improve the guide accuracy whilst providing greater flexibility during the adaptation of the tool to the machining problem at hand. To achieve this, the guide body assembly is an integral component of a substantially cylindrical guide body (36) that consists of a solid carbide.; Said guide body forms at least n helical guide ribs (38) which are equidistant around the periphery and which have a nominal diameter measurement (D38) that is substantially smaller than the nominal diameter measurement (D32) of the cutting insert (32) by a value equating to double the dimension of the lubricant gap that is formed during the operation of the tool. Each guide rib (38) extends over an angle of contact or a central angle that is greater than 360 DEG /n, where n> = 2.

Description

Machining tool behind the multiple cut formula hole

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of as processing or finisher behind the claim 1 multiple cut formula as described in the preamble hole, particularly a kind of reamer.

Background technology

This instrument is used for a unique impulse stroke the dark especially hole of workpiece or a plurality of separated by a distance vertically and size and the identical hole of quality being carried out high fine finishining.Particularly, such hole is applied to so-called bearing passage, and they are used for taking in axle sleeve or are used for forming the supporting-point of bent axle itself in the cylinder head of internal combustion engine.At this situation, it is long that the hole finisher of the above-mentioned type can have the above handle of 400mm, and wherein, the minimum nominal diameter of set of blades can reach the order of magnitude of about 20mm.

Because the hole of bearing passage all is being close tolerance aspect diameter and the relative position relation, behind the corresponding hole of design, will run into such difficult problem during machining tool, as how reasonably expense make instrument keep high stability, make and after very long life tools, still can satisfy the position of related features requirement that manufacturer proposes.What will consider here is, no matter is diameter tolerance or its cylinder location tolerance in hole to be processed, all should be in the mu m range.

There is multiple scheme aspect this class instrument stablizing.Give an example, a kind of method comparatively commonly used is to stablize these cutting edges by sliver is set between the cutting edge that is evenly distributed on the instrument periphery usually.A kind of instrument that comes to this that document DE 197 19 893 A1 describe.

But, adopt the reamer of this structure can not produce the finished surface of the big distance of being separated by vertically with above described high accuracy and dimensional accuracy.Another shortcoming of this known structure is that sliver has greatly limited the design flexibility of instrument, because they upwards took than large space in week, thereby cutting edge quantity is restricted.

Document JP-2001310205A discloses a kind of as claim 1 instrument as described in the preamble, a plurality of linear pattern slivers that are evenly distributed on periphery are embedded in the pad, wherein, these slivers to small part is extended towards the direction that deviates from the tool tip in the cutting edge region.Above-mentioned sliver is made of hard metal (being the material of a kind of hardness greater than the steel of carrier material).In order to make instrument keep sufficiently high stability, implement near the tool shank the clamped position thicker than the tool shank in the tool tip zone.

Yet, the manufacturing more complicated of this finisher.Guide body need be cooperated accurately to be solded in the respective grooves crack of pad, accurately do corresponding grinding again and handle according to cooperation.But a special shortcoming of this known means is, like this range of application of Gou Zao instrument several application scenarios of being confined to choose.In other words, the instrument of this structure can only be applied to extremely specific cutting task, just is used for making the particular bore of certain depth.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide machining tool behind a kind of multiple cut formula hole of preferred rotatable driving, be used for deep hole processing or a plurality of separated by a distance vertically and size and the identical hole of quality, can produce hole or a plurality of separated by a distance vertically and size and the identical hole of quality that is arranged in workpiece with larger axis to the degree of depth with high precision, dimensional accuracy and surface quality by this instrument, wherein, the structure that this instrument had allows its flexibility ratio and various bore geometry (degree of depth and diameter) with maximum to match.

Claim 1 be characterized as the solution of reaching above-mentioned purpose.

According to the present invention, described guide body structure becomes one by the hard material whole part of the individual components that constitutes of whole hard alloy (VHM) particularly, and these parts constitute in the set of blades of described tool tip with near the connector between the shank of clamped position.By the director strip of a plurality of spiral extensions in the even range distribution of upwards being separated by in week is set, even under the great situation of hole depth, also can well guide to described instrument, another advantage is, described guide body becomes the modular part of machining tool behind the described hole.Its advantage is, can select guide body adaptably with existing cutting task so personalizedly, and guide body and the miscellaneous part that is the instrument of this cutting task preparation are specially fitted together.Can significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of described instrument in this way.

Another special advantage is, makes the stability that guide body can further improve instrument with whole hard alloy, adds described a plurality of director strip and amounts to and cover at least one 360 °, makes that the tool blade group can be with higher precision work.Director strip extend spirally the supporting that makes instrument on any one direction, can both obtain linking up, this makes the cutting force of each cutting edge all can be subjected to the reaction of a corresponding support moment.

Dependent claims is favourable improvement project.

Show that if described guide body preferably engages an end and the first cutting module that is provided with described set of blades by shrinking, the other end is connected in the mode that can not relatively rotate and can not relatively move with shank, just can reach high stability.This connected mode also has this advantage of self-centering, after the assembly working of parts is finished, just needn't carry out a large amount of back processing to guide body and/or set of blades more like this.

Also can further improve guiding by the described measure of claim 3 to described instrument.Here use a sliver group through particular design, this sliver group is arranged in the back of described set of blades and is made of a plurality of blades on direction of feed, and these blades axially align with the cutting edge of set of blades adjacent on the direction of feed of described instrument respectively.

The blade of described sliver group preferably through cylindricalo grinding handle and the scope of its nominal diameter 1/1000 in less than the nominal diameter of set of blades adjacent on direction of feed.This nominal size difference is in the order of magnitude in the lubricated slit of twice, and this lubricated slit is to form with respect to the finished hole wall of the set of blades that just is set at the front when described instrument uses.In other words, the nominal diameter of the director strip that extends spirally of the nominal diameter of sliver group and guide body is unanimous on the whole, makes also to form lubricated slit between 5 μ m and 9 μ m in sliver group zone.The formed lubricating film of cooling/lubricant commonly used when the lubricated slit of this size can be ground processing fills up reliably, thereby described sliver group and guide body all can play the effect of the described instrument of effective guiding by the director strip that extends spirally in any one process segment.

Because the blade of the high fine positioning of described sliver group axially aligns with the cutting edge of adjacent set of blades on the direction of feed of described instrument, but and there is certain axial dislocation between these cutting edges, therefore, in the sliver group blade group zone quantity of used cutting edge without any influence.In other words be exactly, the cutting edge quantity that increases in the set of blades zone can not produce any problem, can further improve the flexibility ratio when designing described instrument on the contrary, can design adaptably with existing cutting task.

If described set of blades is furnished with the even number cutting edge and these cutting edges are evenly distributed in periphery substantially, this moment, the advantage that produced mainly was, always have in the described sliver group blade generally along radially with a cutting edge positioned opposite of set of blades adjacent on direction of feed.But the cutting edge of blade group is especially effectively guided in this way.In addition, the blade of sliver group takes up room minimum, and can adopt the structural design identical substantially with the cutting edge of set of blades adjacent on direction of feed, and this can further simplify the manufacturing of described instrument.

Show, have in supply under the situation of cooling/lubricant of conventional parameter (aspects such as denseness, density, speed and pressure), the nominal diameter of described director strip and/or described sliver group is made as value as claimed in claim 4, can obtains good especially result.The nominal diameter difference can promptly be wet type processing or dry-type processing (MMS technology) and carry out respective change according to the pressure of used cooling/lubricant according to concrete selected processing mode.For example, if the nominal diameter of described set of blades is 23mm, the nominal diameter difference just can be probably between 11 μ m and 17 μ m.

By adopting improvement project as claimed in claim 5 to play good especially stabilization to described sliver group is guide function.Result of the test shows, the length that the axial length of the blade of described sliver group is limited in the adjacent knife blades group is just much of that.But under the situation that structural condition allows, the axial length of sliver group can be added certainly and grow to the length that surpasses the set of blades that is arranged in its front, can further strengthen stabilization like this.

As mentioned above, the machining tool structure has advantageously provided the possibility that modular is assembled described instrument behind the hole of the present invention.By adopt improvement project as claimed in claim 6 simply mode widen the range of application of described instrument, and can not increase the whole cost of this instrument.Utilize the recondition expense that this structure can be lower to assemble an instrument that is applicable to various applications.Even the cutting module that can not relatively rotate with described guide body and can not link to each other with relatively moving is connected removably with described other cutting modules; because the supporting to described set of blades under the protection in lubricated slit can provide enough stabilizations.

The blade of at least one set of blades in the set of blades that the blade of described sliver group and/or other also exist advantageously is made of the blade with polycrystalline diamond (PKD) coating.This class is equipped with the blade of polycrystalline diamond can precise forming, and highly stable, it is less to take up room, particularly when they and carrier material directly weld.Beat allly be, even the blade of this outfit polycrystalline diamond also can be brought into play its effect with flying colors in sliver group zone under the situation that only has millimeter level thickness.

If the blade shaft of at least one set of blades in the blade of described sliver group and/or the existing set of blades to parallel orientation, just can further be simplified the manufacturing of described instrument.But it is emphasized that the also nonessential in principle straight-line groove of offering of described instrument.Or rather, this instrument can dispose at least slightly forward in described set of blades and described sliver group zone or negative sense reverses, i.e. the cutting edge that tilts with respect to the axis forward or the negative sense of described instrument at least slightly.

As mentioned before, the described director strip that extends spirally combines with cooling/lubricant to a great extent and to stablize aspect the described instrument and to play a role aspect the linear guiding thus.The stabilization of described sliver group also is like this.

If an inner cooling/lubricant supply device is set, just can make cooling/lubricant have especially effectively stabilization.Can be key area on the described instrument whereby provides the cooling/lubricant of capacity incessantly, in order to avoid interrupting appears in the required lubricating film of stabilizing tool.This inner cooling/lubricant supply device advantageous particularly when implementing dry-type processing (promptly using MMS (MQL) technology).

Each director strip and each set of blades (if present) all advantageously dispose outlet sufficient amount, that be used to provide cooling/lubricant.The quantity of these outlets and position are advantageously rule of thumb determined and are advantageously matched with the type and the technological parameter (lubricant density, lubricant volume flow or the like) of cooling/lubricant.

Also can keep enough stability when making very outer hole, machining tool position in processing work behind the described hole, favourable way is to adopt design as claimed in claim 13 for described clamping section, connects so that realize the centering of described instrument.Described grip flange also can make described instrument obtain axially stable (i.e. centering) to be that the form of shaft orientation oscillation close tolerance is made with respect to described tool axis whereby.

Can further optimize described guide body stabilization as previously described by adopting improvement project as claimed in claim 15.Fact proved, when four director strip that cover 360 ° central angle or cornerite respectively are set, obtain special good result.

Other favourable designs are provided by remaining dependent claims.

Description of drawings

Next with reference to schematic figures embodiments of the invention are elaborated.

Fig. 1 is the side view of a kind of embodiment of machining tool behind the multiple cut formula hole;

Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of a submodule of instrument shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the details enlarged drawing of a tool model of instrument illustrated in figures 1 and 2;

Fig. 4 is the side view of a submodule of parts shown in Figure 2;

The view of Fig. 5 for seeing along " V " direction among Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the stereogram of tool model shown in Figure 2; And

Fig. 7 is the stereogram of entire tool.

The specific embodiment

In Fig. 1, multiple cut formula that is embodied as reamer of Reference numeral 20 expressions is rotated machining tool behind the driving hole, and in the present embodiment, this reamer is as so-called " bearing passage cutter ".The purposes of this instrument in auto industry is that the hole that will be used for the I. C. engine crankshaft bearing is machined to final size.That is this instrument can produce each cylinder-shaped bearing function face with big as far as possible axial alignment, precision and surface quality when keeping close tolerance.Described instrument has three major parts, i.e. shank 22, clamping section 24 and cutting portion 25.

Shown in the nominal diameter of instrument for example be about 23mm.Cutting task during specific to manufacturing so-called " bearing passage " needs cutting portion length to be about 75mm, and the long L22 of handle is about 300mm.The chief component of clamping section 24 is grip flange 26, and the diameter D26 of this grip flange is enough to be used for forming the big plane that instrument 20 can be clamped on the tool system module.

In the embodiment shown, the external diameter of grip flange 26 for example is about 70mm.Described plane is high with respect to the running accuracy of tool axis 27 or centering projection 28 (dotting among the figure), and for example by a centering cylinder or centering cone, particularly hollow taper shank (HSK) formula cone constitutes this centering projection.In the embodiment shown, grip flange 26 is connected on the correction adapter 50, this correction adapter have one not detailed icon the coolant feed assembly and itself have the grip flange 52 that has hollow taper shank (HSK) 54, described instrument can be connected on a main shaft or other the tool system module by this grip flange.

That is to say that the instrument shown in Fig. 1 adopts modular construction, so that can reach optimum Match with existing engine line apace.Application facet at cutting technology also can reach certain flexibility ratio in addition.The effect of correction adapter 50 for example is to be complementary with cooling/lubricating system, for example converts so-called dry-type processing (MMS technology to from wet type processing; The meaning of MMS is " MQL ").

The clamping position of described instrument, described shank and cutting portion all have enough big bending resistance, so that described instrument is processed as far as possible accurately to dead eye outer on workpiece.When instrument is more in depth sent into workpiece, need additionally take special safeguard procedures, so that make the hole obtain high as far as possible precision and surface quality.This class measure will be introduced hereinafter in detail.

Cutting portion 25 (its structure will be introduced hereinafter in detail) back is furnished with a cylindrical guide body 36 of cardinal principle, this guide body is made of hard material especially whole hard alloy (VHM) and an end and handle section 23, the other end and cutting portion 25 can not relatively rotate and the mode of axial restraint is connected.In order to reach this purpose, described guide body preferably respectively has a centering cylinder in its two axial end, set up parts that are made of tool steel with described instrument by this centering cylinder, i.e. the contraction of pommel 23 and cutting portion 25 (seeing the internal point 29 among Fig. 2) engages.

Guide body 36 is provided with at least two spiral grooves, forms two director strip 38 at the spiral extension of the even range distribution of upwards being separated by in week therebetween, these director strip preferably through cylindricalo grinding to nominal diameter D38.This nominal diameter is less than the nominal diameter D32 of set of blades adjacent on direction of feed 32 (task of this set of blades is that the bearing access opening is finally processed), the twice of the size in formed lubricated slit that difference is roughly described instrument when using.In the illustrated embodiment, the nominal diameter of set of blades 32 is made as about 23mm, and dimensional tolerance is 0 to-3 μ m.In the case, the nominal diameter D38 of described director strip is than about little 14 ± 3 μ m of the nominal diameter of described set of blades.That is to say, this nominal diameter extent should be guaranteed just under the cooling/lubricant supply status of regulation, the outer surface of director strip 38 and just between the inwall of set of blades 32 finished bearing access openings, formed a stable lubricated slit, by this lubricated slit upwards realize in whole week to instrument 20 axially accurately and the friction guiding.

In the illustrated embodiment, be provided with four at the spirality director strip 38-1 to 38-4 of even range distribution of upwards being separated by in week.Each director strip among these director strip 38-1 to 38-4 all covers enough big cornerite or central angle, and this cornerite or central angle are at least greater than 360 °/n, and wherein, n is the quantity of director strip 38-1 to 38-4.In the illustrated embodiment, each director strip 38-1 to 38-4 extends the central angle that is covered along guide body 36 and is 360 °, can carry out especially effectively supporting and linear guiding to described instrument like this.

As previously mentioned, described tool configuration has inner cooling/lubricant supply device, therefore, the inside of described shank (being pommel 23 inside), guide body 36 inside and cutting portion 25 inside be provided with one be preferably placed at central authorities, in order to the hole of conveying cooling/lubricant.What Reference numeral 39 was represented is the outlet of Zhigou, and these Zhigou preferably extend to the corresponding recesses of guide body 36 with the mode coolant hole internally that tilts with respect to axis 27 and flow out in staggered vertically mode between director strip 38-1 to 38-4 at that.Preferably rule of thumb determine, have enough big pressure and through the cooling/lubricant of the denseness (density, oil content, oil droplet size etc.) of corresponding optimization through exporting 39 spaces that enter between described guide body and the hole inwall, like this can be in the best way for continuous lubricant slit provide lubricant, thus reach the purpose of stablizing described instrument.

Below with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 6 the design of cutting portion 25 is elaborated.As shown in Figure 2, cutting portion 25 is made of two modules specifically, i.e. the first second cutting module 44 of cutting module 42 and being attached thereto vertically.The first cutting module 42 has radially connection strap 43 at it near guide body 36 1 ends, can set up not relatively turnable fit engagement with corresponding radial groove on the guide body 36 whereby.In the central authorities of cutting module 42, the radially mating holes that dotted among the figure of the connection strap 43 of Yan Shening 29 removals.Can be implemented in the shrink fit on the cylindrical protrusions (not detailed icon) of the complementation of guide body 36 by mating holes 29.

The first cutting module 42 is provided with set of blades 32, and in the illustrated embodiment, this set of blades is made up of six circumferential equally distributed blade 32-1 in edge, 32-2,32-3,32-4 and (not doing illustrated) 32-5,32-6.Yet, it is emphasized that here cutting edge or knife number are not limited to six.

Cutting edge or blade 32-1 to 32-n are directed vertically, and its length L 32 is between 13mm and 17mm.These cutting edges or blade for example are made of the blade that is equipped with polycrystalline diamond, and the steel carrier thickness of this blade is about 0.5mm to 1mm, which is provided with the polycrystalline diamond coating that a thickness is about 0.5mm.The sharpening of the blade of blade group 32 standard routinely carries out, herein explanation no longer in detail.

The characteristics of the first cutting module 42 shown in Figure 2 are, axially are adjacent to (being space-number millimeter place) with set of blades 32 and distribute a support strip group 34 of being made up of some support strip 34-1 to 34-6 for this set of blades.The blade that these support strip 34-1 to 34-6 is embodied as high fine positioning equally and preferably handles through cylindricalo grinding, and axially align with the cutting edge 32-1 to 32-6 of set of blades 32 adjacent on the direction of feed of described instrument respectively.Support strip group 34 is preferably handled through cylindricalo grinding, make its outer surface or radially outer most edge be positioned on the nominal diameter, this nominal diameter is less than the nominal diameter D32 of set of blades adjacent on direction of feed 32, the twice of the size in formed lubricated slit that difference is roughly described instrument when using.In other words, dimension D 34 is in the same order of magnitude with diameter D38, and therefore, 32 tight adjacent support strip 34-1 to 34-6 also can be to 32 stabilizations of set of blades that are in engagement with set of blades.

The axial length L 34 of support strip group 34 is slightly larger than the axial length L 32 of set of blades 32, promptly between 15mm and 25mm.The structure of blade 34-1 to 34-6 is similar to blade 32-1 to 32-6, promptly constitutes by being equipped with the blade that polycrystalline diamond, total thickness be about 1mm to 1.5mm equally.

As shown in Figure 2, the blade aligned axially to each other respectively of set of blades 32 and support strip group 34 lays respectively in the same groove 40 that is formed on the first cutting module 42.Wherein, the modes that are housed in the groove 40 of blade 32-1 to 32-6 and 34-1 to 34-6 make the relevant front cutting edge of described instrument be positioned at a plane of extending through tool axis 27 substantially.

As mentioned above, the blade of support strip group 34 is preferably handled through cylindricalo grinding in periphery.But it is emphasized that also can be similar to cutting edge blade 34-1 to 34-n carries out sharpening, perhaps carries out sharpening in the mode that produces negative front cutting edge relief angle to it.As long as can both produce in whole length L 34 scopes of precision sufficient to guarantee of location, processing and the moulding of blade 34-1 to 34-n one uniformly, can add the lubricated slit that described instrument is effectively guided.

Also promptly, set of blades 32 and support strip group 34 are the same is furnished with six cutting edge cutting edge analogs in other words of 60 ° of spaces respectively.Because the blade 34-1 to 34-n of support strip group 34 also axially aligns with the cutting edge of adjacent knife blades group 32, therefore, each cutting edge of described set of blades and support strip group 34 one lubricated slit of playing stabilization is positioned opposite and staggering a little mutually in the axial direction radially, can effectively suppress the bias motion that described instrument causes because of cutting force like this.

Shown in Fig. 2 is further, the internal thread (Fig. 5 illustrates this internal thread) that the first cutting module 42 is for example shown with do to know clearly is herein fixed the second cutting module, 44, the second cutting modules and is screwed in the first cutting module 42 by its thread protrusion (not making detailed icon equally).The front end of the second cutting module 44 is provided with other set of blades 30, and the nominal outside diameter of this set of blades is represented with D30.This nominal diameter D30 is about 22.5mm in the illustrated embodiment less than the nominal diameter D32 of described instrument.The also configurable axially aligned blade of the cutting edge 30-1 to 30-n with set of blades 32 of this set of blades 30.

In the illustrated embodiment, set of blades 30 is used for the bearing access opening is implemented preprocessing.For this reason, the nominal diameter of set of blades 30 is than the little about 0.5mm of nominal diameter of set of blades 32.But also available set of blades 30 is processed the shoulder hole than minor diameter.Reference numeral 31 represented parts are used for set of blades 30 is fixed on the second cutting module 44 vertically, and/or be used to seal the endoporus that described instrument plays the cooling agent guide function.Set up not relatively turnable connection by the integral type design of parts or the form fit engagement between parts between the second cutting module 44 and the set of blades 30.

As mentioned before, instrument 20 disposes inner cooling/lubricant supply device, and this device is preferably placed at cooling/lubricant that central passage provides capacity for the cutting edge in the use and director strip by one.The center fed passage that is located at instrument 20 inside is also through the interface point between guide body 36, the first cutting module 42 and the second cutting module 44.Parts 31 can be with this inner passage sealing.

Reference numeral

45 and 46 expressions be outlet from the Zhigou of described inner cooling/lubricant hole branch, these Zhigou preferably extend in the mode with respect to axis 27 inclinations of described instrument.As shown in the figure, outlet 46 to be being arranged in set of blades 32 zones near the modes of support strip group 34, so this outlet can be simultaneously provides cooling/lubricant for the cutting edge of set of blades 32 and support strip group 34.

The threaded that 60 expressions can radially screw in the first cutting module 42 can carry out balance or fine balance to described instrument by these threadeds.

As Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 further shown in, each function face that is to say, set of blades 30, set of blades 32, support strip group 34 and guide body 36 be the external diameter of director strip 38 in other words, makes with very high precision with respect to the precision of the position relation of tool axis 27.The margin of tolerance of the nominal diameter of set of blades 32, support strip group 34 and guide body 36 is 0 to-3 μ m.The manufacturing tolerance of the nominal diameter of set of blades 30 is ± 20 μ m.Set of blades 30 is 5 μ m with respect to the clamping area of grip flange 52 and with respect to the running accuracy of the clamping cone of axis 27 or hollow taper shank (HSK) 54.With respect to the running accuracy of set of blades 32, support strip group 34 and supporting mass even be reduced to 3 μ m.

As can be seen from the above description, instrument of the present invention can be when guaranteeing the excellent surface quality be that the bearing passage is offered endoporus or produced the profound coaxial aperture in position with high precision and positional precision.Because guide body 36 forms the whole part of director strip 38 as tool model, produce the advantage on the manufacturing process, that is, needn't adopt baroque director strip.Simultaneously, described instrument is in when design, has very big flexibility ratio in other words when adapting with existing cutting task.By changing the axial length L 22 that guide body 36 can setting means handle 22, and do not need to make again the set of blades 32 and/or the set of blades 30 of described instrument.Described instrument also can keep original structure in clamping position 26 and pommel 23 zones, thereby manufacturing brings more advantage to instrument.

Described instrument has a device that is used to carry out fine balance.The threadeds 60 in first cutting module 42 zone, also be provided with in grip flange 26 zones similarly axially and/or threaded radially, can carry out dynamic fine balance to described instrument by the location of these threadeds.

The size of described instrument certainly changes within a large range.Size in the design illustrated in figures 1 and 2 is exemplary illustrating.For example, the axial dimension L44 of the second cutting module 44 certainly is greater than or less than this size of about 20mm to 25mm shown in the embodiment.

Nominal diameter D34 and D38 also can change according to the pressure and the physical parameter of used cooling/lubricant.In the illustrated embodiment, the nominal diameter difference is for example between 11 μ m and 17 μ m.It is can also be bigger that wet type adds man-hour this nominal diameter difference.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are the detail view of the first cutting module 42.As shown in the figure, the blade 32-1 to 32-6 of set of blades 32 has one 0.1 * 45 ° chamfered edge on its end face.The blade situation of support strip group 34 is similar.In this zone, blade 34-1 to 34-6 is seeing that from direction of feed the end that is positioned at the place ahead is provided with an importing chamfered edge that is of a size of 0.15mm * 15 °.In scheme shown in Figure 4, the axial dimension L43 of transmission bar 43 is made as about 2mm.

What the side view among Fig. 5 was showed is the situation of blade 32-1 to 32-6 with respect to tool axis 27.As shown in the figure, the front cutting edge of blade 32-1 to 32-6 is positioned at about 0.1mm place, center line the place ahead.Can see that in addition these blades have one and are in the polycrystalline diamond coating of about 0.5mm order of magnitude and one 0.5 basic grinding chamfered edge.Section thickness is decided to be 1.6mm.But also can be decreased to about 1mm.

The material aspect, the parts of described clamping section, pommel and cutting module preferably adopt tool steel, and the support plate of described blade adopts quenched and tempered steel (for example 50CrV4) more favourable.

Reference numeral 62 expressions among Fig. 5 can be for the internal thread of the second cutting module, 44 screw-ins.The screw thread of the second cutting module 44 with the transitional region of described cutting portion in have an Outer Taper structure, during screw-in, this Outer Taper structure can be supported on the relative engagement face 68 of the first cutting module 42.Can carry out radially fine tuning to cutting edge 32-1 to 32-6 by this cone match.For this reason, the second cutting module 44 is provided with a plurality of zones 66 of scabbling to form certain width across flat.

Fig. 7 is the overall perspective view of described instrument.Represent with corresponding Reference numeral at this with the corresponding parts of parts that the front had illustrated.Also show can be in order to the axial thread pin 68 of extra realization balance in grip flange 26 herein.

The design that is different from the foregoing description can certainly be arranged, but this does not depart from basic ideas of the present invention.

For example, even the cutting edge of set of blades 32 and support strip group 34 has slight left-handed or dextrorotation, promptly the anterior angle of described front cutting edge preferably departs from 0 ° slightly, also can keep axially aligning of cardinal principle between these cutting edges.As offering the replacement scheme of straight-line groove for described instrument, groove 40 also can be a little tilts with respect to axis 27 forwards or the negative sense of described instrument.

Set of

blades

30 and 32 also there is no need necessarily to adopt cutting edge to be formed on structure on the blade.Cutting edge also can be one-body molded with knife rest, and in the case, knife rest preferably is made of hard material (for example whole hard alloy).

The described first and second cutting modules also can adopt other materials, particularly adopt different materials.

As mentioned before, support strip 34-1 to 34-6 handles through cylindricalo grinding.But this sharpening also can be made following modification: lubricated slit is widened along the direction of rotation of described instrument.

The outer surface of director strip 38-1 to 38-4 also is like this.

Above there is not the sharpening processing of the blade of

blade group

30 and 32 to be elaborated.Can adopt efficient reamer conventional sharpening commonly used to handle herein, therefore no longer describe in detail here.But the diameter that for example makes the blade that is equipped with polycrystalline diamond in the axial direction diminishes in whole length range a little gradually with 1/1000 scope (for example 12 μ m to 16 μ m), and is comparatively favourable.Another kind of favourable way is that the seamed edge rounding that will be equipped with the blade of polycrystalline diamond is its configuration rounding in other words.

As the replacement scheme of respectively distributing an outlet of described cooling/lubricant supply device for each cutting edge of described set of blades, under individual cases, provide cooling/lubricant also enough for a plurality of cutting edges simultaneously with an outlet.

Certainly, the quantity of the quantity of described cutting edge and/or described director strip also can change.But must guarantee that described instrument is all supported by described guide body on long axial distance and whole periphery.Also promptly, favourable way is that n the director strip at the spiral extension of the even range distribution of upwards being separated by in week is set, and these director strip cover a central angle greater than 360 °/n, wherein n 〉=2 respectively.

In the illustrated embodiment, director strip 38 extends spirally along direction of rotation.But director strip 38 is extended spirally against direction of rotation.

As the replacement scheme of respectively distributing an outlet of described cooling/lubricant supply device for each cutting edge of set of

blades

30,32,34,36, under individual cases, provide cooling/lubricant also enough for a plurality of cutting edges simultaneously with an outlet.

Machining tool is the driving instrument of a kind of rotation behind the hole that is embodied as Stepped Reamers mentioned above.But this instrument also can remain static when using, and comes it is implemented machining and allow workpiece be rotated motion.

Above-mentioned instrument has six cutting edges that are evenly distributed on periphery.But cutting edge quantity can change within a large range, wherein selects for use the even number cutting edge comparatively favourable.Within the scope of the present invention, even the angular distance size that is distributed between the peripheral cutting edge is not accurately to equate, also can produce above-mentioned advantage.

The embodiment that can only accurately process a kind of diameter of the described instrument of above having described.Yet the present invention also can process a plurality of stepped holes at an in-process, but includes whole advantages mentioned above simultaneously.

In sum, the invention provides a kind of multiple cut formula boring back processing or finisher, particularly a kind of reamer is used for deep hole processing or a plurality of separated by a distance vertically and size and the identical hole of quality, the hole that for example is used to take in the camshaft axle sleeve.Described instrument has and has certain axially guide body structure of dislocation between at least one set of blades and one and this set of blades, and described set of blades has nominal diameter and a plurality of cutting edge of predesignating that is evenly distributed on periphery substantially.In order to make described instrument be adapted to improve guidance accuracy in the existing cutting task with big flexibility ratio, described guide body structure is a whole part by the cylindrical guide body of cardinal principle of whole hard alloy (VHM) formation.This guide body forms n director strip at the spiral extension of the even range distribution of upwards being separated by in week at least, the nominal diameter of these director strip is less than the nominal diameter of described set of blades, the twice of the size in formed lubricated slit that difference is roughly described instrument when using.Each director strip respectively covers a central angle greater than 360 °/n, wherein n 〉=2.

Claims

1. process or finisher behind a multiple cut formula hole, reamer particularly, be used for deep hole processing or a plurality of separated by a distance vertically and size and the identical hole of quality, for example be used to take in the hole of camshaft axle sleeve, described instrument comprises and has certain axially guide body structure of dislocation between at least one set of blades (32) and one and the described set of blades, described set of blades has nominal diameter (D32) and a plurality of cutting edge of predesignating (32-1 to 32-6) that is evenly distributed on periphery substantially, it is characterized in that, described guide body structure is a whole part by the cylindrical guide body of cardinal principle (36) of whole hard alloy (VHM) formation, described guide body forms n director strip (38-1 to 38-4) at the spiral extension of the even range distribution of upwards being separated by in week at least, the nominal diameter of described director strip (D38) is less than the nominal diameter (D32) of described set of blades (32) adjacent on direction of feed, the twice of the size in formed lubricated slit that difference is roughly described instrument when using, described director strip respectively covers a central angle or a cornerite greater than 360 °/n, wherein n 〉=2.

2. machining tool behind the hole according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described guide body (36) engages an end and the first cutting module (42) that is provided with described set of blades (32) by shrinking, the other end can not relatively rotate with shank (23) and can not be connected with relatively moving, and described shank has the clamping section (26) on the tool seat that is connected to tool system module or tool system that is used to feel relieved.

3. machining tool behind the hole according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the sliver group (34) of the blade (34-1 to 34-6) that between described set of blades (32) and described guide body (36), is provided with form in addition and is a plurality of high fine positionings and preferably handle through cylindricalo grinding, described blade axially aligns with the cutting edge (32-1 to 32-6) of set of blades (32) adjacent on the direction of feed of described instrument respectively and has a nominal diameter (D34), described nominal diameter is less than the nominal diameter (D32) of set of blades adjacent on described direction of feed (32), the twice of the size in formed lubricated slit that difference is roughly described instrument when using.

4. according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the nominal diameter (D38) of described director strip (38) and/or the nominal diameter of described sliver group (34) are less than the nominal diameter D of described set of blades (32) adjacent on described direction of feed, difference is in 0.0002 * D to 0.0016 * D, in the scope of preferred 0.0002 * D to 0.0005 * D.

5. according to machining tool behind claim 3 or the 4 described holes, it is characterized in that the axial length (L34) of the blade (34-1 to 34-6) of described sliver group (34) is consistent with the axial length (L32) of described set of blades (32) adjacent on described direction of feed at least.

6. according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that, the described first cutting module (42) is connected with another cutting module (44) that has another set of blades (30) removably at its end away from described guide body (36), and the nominal diameter of described another set of blades (D30) is less relatively.

7. according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described set of blades (30,32,34) respectively has 6 cutting edges that are evenly distributed on periphery.

8. according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, the blade of at least one set of blades in the blade (34-1 to 34-6) of described sliver group (34) and/or the described set of blades (30,32) is made of the blade (56) that is equipped with polycrystalline diamond.

9. machining tool behind the hole according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the thickness (T56) of described blade (56) is between 0.75mm and 1.7mm, and wherein, described polycrystalline diamond coating layer ranges in thickness is about 0.5mm.

10. according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, the cutting edge axially parallel orientation of at least one set of blades in the cutting edge of the blade (34-1 to 34-6) of described sliver group (34) and/or the described set of blades (30,32).

11. according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, be provided with an inner cooling/lubricant supply device.

12. machining tool behind the hole according to claim 11 is characterized in that, each cutting edge of described set of blades (30,32,34) and/or each director strip (38) respectively dispose at least one outlet (45,46,39) of described cooling/lubricant supply device.

13. according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 2 to 12, it is characterized in that, described clamping section has a centering projection (28), particularly hollow taper shank (HSK), with a grip flange (26), so that centering is connected on the tool seat of tool system perpendicular to the axis (27) of described centering projection.

14., it is characterized in that the front cutting edge relief angle of the blade (34-1 to 34-6) of described sliver group is about 0 ° according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 3 to 13.

15., it is characterized in that described director strip (38) respectively covers the central angle or the cornerite that are at least 360 ° according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 1 to 14.

16., it is characterized in that the quantity n of described director strip (38) is more than or equal to 4 according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 1 to 15.

17., it is characterized in that the axial length (L36) of described guide body (36) is in the scope of 6 * D to 8 * D according to machining tool behind each described hole in the claim 1 to 16, wherein, D is the maximum nominal diameter of described instrument.