CN102276359B - Compound additive for promoting kitchen waste compost and application thereof - Google Patents
Compound additive for promoting kitchen waste compost and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102276359B CN102276359B CN2011102062210A CN201110206221A CN102276359B CN 102276359 B CN102276359 B CN 102276359B CN 2011102062210 A CN2011102062210 A CN 2011102062210A CN 201110206221 A CN201110206221 A CN 201110206221A CN 102276359 B CN102276359 B CN 102276359B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound additive for promoting kitchen waste compost and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of organic solid waste treatment. The compound additive disclosed by the invention is a mixture comprising coal ash, wheat straws, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the steps of: mixing the compound additive and kitchen waste and composting in a compost reactor. According to the compound additive and the application method disclosed by the invention, the kitchen waste compost effect can be obviously improved; the compost acidification is inhibited; the microbiological activity is increased; the stabilization time is shortened; and the faster treatment degradation rate is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the organic solid waste processing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of composite additive and application thereof that promotes kitchen waste compost.
Background technology
Rubbish from cooking is the municipal solid wastes that the resident forms in the personal consumption process, in recent years along with the improvement of urban life facility and living conditions, very large variation has occured in the composition situation of a lot of solid refuses, rubbish from cooking shared ratio in all solids refuse has increasing trend, and wherein the dining room of the Residential areas in city, restaurant, various enterprises and institutions etc. is all its place of concentrating discharging.At present the generation of Beijing rubbish from cooking every day has reached more than 1600 tons, and the generation of Shanghai City rubbish from cooking every day surpasses 1300 tons, and the ratio that a lot of cities rubbish from cooking accounts for domestic waste all surpasses 35%.Rubbish from cooking has higher water ratio usually, and this collects, transports and process and all bring very large difficulty to it, and in rubbish from cooking, organic content is high simultaneously, and is easily corrupt smelly, easily grows germ, can cause transmission of disease.Because rubbish from cooking contains complete nutritive element, thereby has higher utility value.The processing means of traditional rubbish from cooking have burning, pyrolysis etc., but because the rubbish from cooking water ratio is high, calorific value is lower, usually need to add auxiliary fuel during burning.Burn simultaneously or the dehydration in early stage of pyrolysis rubbish from cooking also needs to consume a large amount of energy, and the tail gas that produces need just can reach emission standard through effective processing, thereby the application of these methods still is very restricted.
The compost treatment method is that organic waste are under controlled conditions through the treatment technology method of the biochemical degradation of microorganism, garbage compost can be divided into aerobic method and anaerobic process by the aerobic degree of composting process, modern composting process mostly is aerobic compost, the aerobic method compost be take aerobic bacteria as main microorganism to organic waste absorb, the biochemical degradation of oxidation, decomposition, and make it be converted into a kind of compost method of humus.In recent years, the technology of using composting process processing solid refuse is increasing, contains abundant organic matter in rubbish from cooking, is containing huge biomass energy, adopts composting process can improve the economic feasibility of refuse treatment.composting is very complicated Biochemical processes, generally to mix according to a certain percentage with stopping composition by the organic materials that heap is rotten, at suitable moisture content, under aeration condition, make microbial reproduction and degraded organic, thereby generation high temperature, kill wherein pathogenic bacteria and weed seed, make organism reach stabilization, the environmental factors that affects compost comprises the nitrogen amount, suitable carbon-nitrogen ratio, granularity, oxygen concn, water content, pH and temperature etc., up to the present, although carried out much for the research of other compost material, but that is that all right is ripe in the application of composting technology refuse process field more than the kitchen, this is mainly the different qualities that has due to rubbish from cooking.In the process of improving composting, can be by adding a certain or many kinds of substance, regulate composting process to obtain best effect, in recent years about the research of kind, effect and the application facet of compost additive, more and more be subject to attention both domestic and external, its application prospect is very wide.But promoting the composting process for it, shorten the composting cycle, improve the compost quality aspect and but have different opinions, for compost additive to specialize in report also very limited, the key issues such as the mechanism of action about additive in the kitchen waste compost process and effect are still waiting further research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of composite additive that promotes kitchen waste compost.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of application of composite additive in composting treatment process that promotes kitchen waste compost.
A kind of composite additive that promotes kitchen waste compost, described additive are the mixture of flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride.
The weight ratio of flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride is (80-120): (20-30): (3-5): (1-3): (0.5-2).
A kind of application that promotes the composite additive of kitchen waste compost mixes composite additive claimed in claim 1 with rubbish from cooking, carry out compost treatment.
The method of described compost treatment, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) with rubbish from cooking and inoculation soil by weight 1: (0.2-5) mix, raw meal particle size is not more than 5mm;
(2) with the mixture of composite additive claimed in claim 1 and step (1) gained according to 1: weight ratio (1-6) is mixed;
(3) mixture that step (2) is obtained is packed in compost reactor, and compost reactor ventilates from the bottom, and speed is 1-6L/min;
(4) after compost began, every 12 hours sample thiefs once carried out turning every day twice simultaneously, and each sample time is identical, and the compost reaction lasts till without till significantly degrading.
Above-mentioned flyash is the refuse of coal-burning power plant or factory coal-fired power houses discharging, generally is alkalescence, can be used to regulate the acidifying problem in the kitchen waste compost process, and can be used as swelling agent and improve ventilatory effect.Wheat straw can be used as swelling agent and makes enough space guarantee fully contacting of material and air, and can rely on the contact between particle to play a supporting role.Urea, ammonium nitrate can be used as good source of nutrition, and microbic activity when beginning for increasing compost plays the effect that promotes compost.Magnesium chloride is for increasing nitrogen fixing capacity.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the composite additive wide material sources that the present invention adopts, cheap, wherein flyash is trade waste, stalk is agricultural wastes, the needs that can coordinate different practical situation, change the building form of additive, this technology easy handling and gross investment are low, have good economy and zoology benefit.In composting process, flyash can suppress acid and descend, and urea and ammonium nitrate can provide nutritive element, improve microorganism active, increase temperature, thereby improve the compost palliating degradation degree of rubbish from cooking.The present invention carries out the compost of rubbish from cooking as composite additive, its compost speed is fast, and end product is stable, has significant effect to improving kitchen waste compost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is adopted the compositing system schematic diagram by the present invention;
In figure, 1-reaction container, 2-composting material, 3-upper temp meter, 4-temperature of lower meter, 5-percolate conduit, 6-air-spreading disk, 7-air inlet oxygen detection device, 8-pneumatic pump, 9-air lead, 10-give vent to anger oxygen detection device, 11-condenser, 12-waste gas duct.
Fig. 2 is embodiment compost organic matter degradation result.
Fig. 3 is embodiment compost pH result of variations.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described with specific embodiment for the below.
Following examples all adopt composting device as shown in Figure 1, its composition is that composting material 2 is housed in reaction container 1, upper temp meter 3 and temperature of lower meter 4 are arranged in the middle of composting material 2, be provided with air-spreading disk 6 below composting material 2, producing percolate is derived by percolate conduit 5, air is imported by air lead 9 by pneumatic pump 8 effects, be provided with air inlet oxygen detection device 7 after pneumatic pump 8, the waste gas of discharging enters condenser 11 via waste gas duct 12, and gas is discharged by processing at the oxygen detection device 10 of giving vent to anger.
Embodiment 1
Promote the composite additive of kitchen waste compost, mixed by flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride; The weight ratio of flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride is 80: 20: 3: 1: 0.5.
Promote the composite additive of kitchen waste compost, mixed by flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride; The weight ratio of flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride is 120: 30: 5: 3: 2.
Promote the composite additive of kitchen waste compost, mixed by flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride; The weight ratio of flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride is 100: 25: 4: 2: 1.
Promote the composite additive of kitchen waste compost, mixed by flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride; The weight ratio of flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride is 110: 27: 4: 2: 1.5.
Potato, Radix Dauci Sativae, ripe rice, meat etc. are pulverized, the potato after pulverizing, Radix Dauci Sativae, ripe rice, meat and inoculation soil were pressed 7: 10: 11: the simulation rubbish from cooking of the part by weight preparation 9kg of 2: 2, raw meal particle size is not more than 5mm.With the rubbish from cooking mixing and add in compost reaction container 1, the rate of venting of 3L/min is provided by pneumatic pump 8, keeping system is in room temperature condition.The compost material internal temperature is monitored jointly by upper temp meter 3 and temperature of lower meter 4, producing percolate is derived by percolate conduit 5, air is imported by air lead 9 by pneumatic pump 8 effects, be provided with air inlet oxygen detection device 7 after pneumatic pump 8, the waste gas of discharging enters condenser 11 via waste gas duct 12, and gas is discharged by processing at the oxygen detection device 10 of giving vent to anger.In composting process, every 12 hours sample thiefs once, carry out turning every day twice simultaneously, and each sample time is identical, and the compost reaction continues 39 days, reaches steady state.
Potato, Radix Dauci Sativae, ripe rice, meat etc. are pulverized, the potato after pulverizing, Radix Dauci Sativae, ripe rice, meat and inoculation soil were pressed 7: 10: 11: the simulation rubbish from cooking of the part by weight preparation 9kg of 2: 2, raw meal particle size is not more than 5mm.Add the described composite additive 3kg of embodiment 3 in the simulation rubbish from cooking that processes.To add meet the rubbish from cooking mixing after additive and add in compost reaction container 1, the rate of venting of 3L/min is provided by pneumatic pump 8, keeping system is in room temperature condition.The compost material internal temperature is monitored jointly by upper temp meter 3 and temperature of lower meter 4, producing percolate is derived by percolate conduit 5, air is imported by air lead 9 by pneumatic pump 8 effects, be provided with air inlet oxygen detection device 7 after pneumatic pump 8, the waste gas of discharging enters condenser 11 via waste gas duct 12, and gas is discharged by processing at the oxygen detection device 10 of giving vent to anger.In composting process, every 12 hours sample thiefs once, carry out turning every day twice simultaneously, and each sample time is identical, and the compost reaction continues 23 days, reaches steady state.
The organic matter degradation result as shown in Figure 2, in the blank assay that does not use composite additive, need to just compost can be reached in 39 days basicly stable, final degradation effect of organic compound is 64.2%, and after using composite additive, only needs 23 days just can reach basicly stable, final degradation effect of organic compound is 71.9%, when not using composite additive, only can arrive 39.5% through 23 days degradation effect of organic compound equally, so this composite additive effect in promoting the kitchen waste compost process is remarkable.In composting process, the pH result of variations as shown in Figure 3, in the blank assay that does not use composite additive, the pH value descends after compost begins significantly, later stage rises slowly, and after the use composite additive, compost initial stage pH descends not remarkable, for the microbial growth breeding provides good condition, has effectively promoted the compost degradation process.Composite additive has been realized the recycling of refuse, abundant raw material, economy, and adopting the described composite additive of invention is the effective means that better realizes kitchen waste reduction, innoxious and resource utilization, has wide market outlook.
Claims (3)
1. a composite additive that promotes kitchen waste compost, is characterized in that, described additive is the mixture of flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride; The weight ratio of flyash, wheat straw, urea, ammonium nitrate and magnesium chloride is (80-120): (20-30): (3-5): (1-3): (0.5-2).
2. an application that promotes the composite additive of kitchen waste compost, is characterized in that, composite additive claimed in claim 1 is mixed with rubbish from cooking, carries out compost treatment.
3. the application of the composite additive of promotion kitchen waste compost according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described compost treatment is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) with rubbish from cooking and inoculation soil by weight 1:(0.2-5) mix, raw meal particle size is not more than 5mm;
(2) with the mixture of composite additive and step (1) gained according to 1:(1-6) weight ratio mix;
(3) mixture that step (2) is obtained is packed in compost reactor, and compost reactor ventilates from the bottom, and speed is 1-6 L/min;
(4) after compost began, every 12 hours sample thiefs once carried out turning every day twice simultaneously, and each sample time is identical, and the compost reaction lasts till without till significantly degrading.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011102062210A CN102276359B (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-07-22 | Compound additive for promoting kitchen waste compost and application thereof |
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| CN2011102062210A CN102276359B (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-07-22 | Compound additive for promoting kitchen waste compost and application thereof |
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| CN102276359B true CN102276359B (en) | 2013-06-12 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105330349A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-02-17 | 胡舒 | High-temperature aerobic composting method of kitchen waste |
| CN109627131A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-04-16 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | A kind of method for making plant quickly absorb organic wet garbage and fertilizer |
| CN112374938A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-19 | 董彬 | Biological water-soluble fertilizer adopting kitchen waste composting technology and production method thereof |
| CN115010519A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-06 | 安徽国祯环卫科技有限公司 | Kitchen waste compost additive and composting method |
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| CN100560239C (en) * | 2007-07-16 | 2009-11-18 | 陈五岭 | The biological comprehensive treatment of changing food waste |
| CN101863694A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-10-20 | 张茂华 | Method for carrying out comprehensive treatment on household waste, excrement and urine of people, livestocks and domestic fowls and water treatment sludge to produce organic fertilizer |
| CN101831339B (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2013-02-13 | 茹兆祥 | Environmental-friendly solid fuel manufactured by municipal solid waste without manual classification and manufacturing method thereof |
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