CN102272472A - Deformation element and method for controlling the deformation behavior of deformation elements in a vehicle - Google Patents
Deformation element and method for controlling the deformation behavior of deformation elements in a vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102272472A CN102272472A CN2009801542688A CN200980154268A CN102272472A CN 102272472 A CN102272472 A CN 102272472A CN 2009801542688 A CN2009801542688 A CN 2009801542688A CN 200980154268 A CN200980154268 A CN 200980154268A CN 102272472 A CN102272472 A CN 102272472A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/12—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members
- F16F7/127—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members by a blade element cutting or tearing into a quantity of material; Pultrusion of a filling material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
- B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
- B60R19/32—Fluid shock absorbers, e.g. with coaxial coil springs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
- B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
- B60R2019/262—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means with means to adjust or regulate the amount of energy to be absorbed
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a deformation element for the energy absorption in case of a vehicle collision, comprising a container (101) having at least one opening (114), wherein the container can be deformed for energy absorption. The deformation element further comprises a medium (112) that is arranged in the container and designed to flow out through the at least one opening in case of a deformation of the container, and a modulation unit (320) designed to control the outflow of the medium through the at least one opening depending on a setting signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of deformation element, a kind ofly be used for when the vehicle collision endergonic method, a kind of method, a kind of control gear, a kind of computer program and a kind of occupant restraint system of deformation characteristic of deformation element that is used to be adjusted in vehicle according to claim 15 according to claim 14 according to claim 13 according to claim 7 according to claim 6 according to claim 1.
Background technique
Rise since introducing the main cabin, vehicle safety is obviously improved.In the past few years, obtaining important progress aspect the active of motor vehicle and the passive safety.A large amount of measures as the improvement of vehicle body structure and constrained system, contributes for the death toll that is reduced in the street traffic.
At this, major part is injured can be owing to being attended by the vehicle-vehicle frontal collision of serious degree of injury until dead consequence.By being introduced in the consumer protection test and the legal requiremnt of head-on crash aspect, can obtain in the substantial improvements that alleviates aspect the damage sequence with 100% and 40% overlapping coefficient.Yet other crash type and problem cause generally attention thus.In these problems one is that the partner protects and collides compatibility in other words.
In the evolution of passive safety, self-protection is subjected to generally paying attention to.Not only in vehicle-vehicle collision and also with other object collisions in oneself occupant of protection, be the characteristic of vehicle.
The partner protects in contrast, and the characteristic of vehicle is the occupant of protection the other side vehicle in vehicle-vehicle collision, just has as far as possible little aggressiveness.
Two specific characters combine in the collision compatibility.This combination is dropped to minimum mode with the overall risk in fleet and is shown very high self-protection degree, and also very low for other the aggressiveness of traffic participant.Have following general conformity: the improvement of compatibility does not allow to become the burden of each vehicle self-protection.
Can demonstrate according to casualty data, present crash tests to contributing in the improvement aspect the self-protection, reduces but partner's protection occurs thereupon slightly.As the result of this development, realize new consumer protection test in the future at anterior load condition, give compatibility higher significance.
In order to obtain higher vehicle compatibility in practice, to intervene vehicle front body structure in the future.More known schemes are according to circumstances adjusted the collision box be installed in the vehicle in these schemes, guaranteeing improved power absorption, and next as prior art these schemes are described.
EP 1 792 786 A2 have described a kind of collision box of traditional type.At this, a kind of collision box that is used to be incorporated between automobile insurance bar crossbeam and the automobile longitudinal girder has been described.Described collision box has the deformable contour of a housing shape as the folding structure of being made by sheetmetal and the flange plate of a stringer sides.At this, flange plate is constructed to the constituent element of folding structure.
At M.Deimel, J.Franke and S.
Exercise question in the 15th " Design for X " seminar October in 2004 has been for having proposed a kind of adaptive front portion structure in the open source literature of " Entwicklung eines Frontendmoduls eines Niedrig-Energie Verbrauch-Fahrzeug ", and two impact tubes that can stretch out connect by a wide crossbeam and are additionally provided with foam element in this front portion structure.The ability to function of described modification mode of execution has calculated by FEM and has checked.
The low-cost modification mode of execution that is used to change collision energy does not have any foam deformation element.At this, can will collide accordingly between the crossbeam and longeron that box is arranged on vehicle.
Under the condition that does not have the foam deformation element, be used for changing the high-end solution of collision energy, can and and be fixed between the impact tube of vehicle body exsertile impact tube is set at crossbeam.
In the field of adaptability front portion structure, existing a plurality of open source literatures from Autoliv (Autoliv) company.At this, core is the rigidity of the box of design collision adaptively.At this, before collision, the collision box is adjusted, make front portion structure can absorb higher energy.This means that for example front portion structure is very soft with pedestrian impact the time, front portion structure is harder perhaps but when vehicle is invaded.
Because the problem of compatibility is introduced in the fact in the consumer protection of European new car safety criticism association (EuroNCAP), is considering under the condition of perspective sensor device, uses the probability raising of adaptability front portion structure/collision box in practice.
In addition, in the process of self-protection, attempt when vehicle frontal collision, absorbing impact energy as much as possible by the vehicle sections before being positioned at operator cabin.At this, this absorption is undertaken by the distortion of some element.Can protect the occupant better thus.When collision, target is that optimal is with operational wrinkle district, just specially for eliminating the structure space that kinetic energy is provided with.Commonly, so-called " collision box " is installed in vehicle is made, these collide boxes and bear this task by deformation characteristic targetedly just.
Under collision situation, absorb the conventional member of kinetic energy, in the material behavior that has regulation aspect rigidity and the elasticity.Therefore, their deformation characteristic and thus their absorptivity be unmodifiable.
In the past few years, obtaining important progress aspect the passive safety of motor vehicle.The improvement of a large amount of measures such as vehicle body structure and constrained system contributes for the dead quantity that is reduced in the road traffic.
In order to protect the occupant,, use the principle in wrinkle district according to standard.At this, be provided with some member at the collision area of vehicle, its task is, reduces energy by their distortion.Usually, the various element that rigidity increases gradually is installed here.Therefore, for example forwardly a plurality of elements that can be provided with of the system in the structure by order with bumper bar, bumper bar crossbeam, deformation element, longeron and crew department form.The reason of this structure type is the interests (parts=hard parts that do not have high rigidity at front part of vehicle) of pedestrian protecting on the one hand; the interests of maintenance expenses (should not be whole front portion structure distortion under the collision situation of 15km/h; and certain part distortion that is easy to change that just has low relatively rigidity); and the requirement of passenger protection (being fully to reduce energy on the one hand) in any case be to avoid the distortion of occupant's inner room on the other hand.
In the evolution of passive safety, except self-protection, partner's protection (compatibility) is subjected to generally paying attention to.Compatibility also has the target of protecting the other side's automotive occupant when vehicle-vehicle collision except high self-protection (the occupant of when collision protection oneself) degree.In both cases, occupant's load all should be as much as possible little.
Especially, during with lighter vehicle collision, realize that this target is the challenge that can not underestimate at heavy vehicle.Lighter vehicle is compared with heavier vehicle and is subjected to limiting greatly on structure space.Correspondingly, also having only less space to be available for endergonic " wrinkle district " uses.Owing to the physics reason, the vehicle that lighter exactly vehicle must be heavier in this collision absorbs more energy.Therefore often the method for using is, heavier vehicle has relatively and along the less wrinkle district of rigidity in this collision, and lighter vehicle has the bigger slightly wrinkle district of rigidity.Therefore, guarantee in light vehicle, to be out of shape and can not extend in the occupant zone always.Yet, therefore under other collision situation, for heavier automobile storage in shortcoming.For example when this vehicle hit hard obstacle, passenger protection was not because softer wrinkle district meets the requirement of the passenger protection that can reach optimum.There is the danger of higher intrusion occupant inner room.Same for lighter vehicle, under this impact events, there is shortcoming.Because the high rigidity in wrinkle district, the deceleration value of structure raises, and by this deceleration value the load value for the occupant is raise.
Another problem when vehicle collision is the different overlapping coefficient of possible.Usually, vehicle front body structure is made of two longerons that extend in parallel, and these two longerons also have a deformation element in front respectively.Design the rigidity of these parts, make under, just, reduce energy fully not being that whole front part of vehicle participates in collision and therefore has only in the longeron deformation element under such situation that a quilt runs into partly overlapping case of collision.If collision is carried out so on the contrary, promptly two elements are all run into, and just with high overlapping coefficient, the global stiffness that produces with the form of each rigidity addition of these elements is unnecessarily high and to cause occupant's load value be not optimum so.
A kind of method that trial remedies above-mentioned shortcoming is for example proposed by Autoliv (Autoliv) company.At this, the rigidity of deformation element and situation are adapted according to load condition.Thus, for example for heavy vehicle, with lighter vehicle collision the time, can in certain limit, keep the rigidity of deformation element very low.In contrast, with the collision of hard obstacle the time, can rigidity be improved by element is placed.Thus, can adapt to collision situation and can realize improved passenger protection thus better.
Other company has also proposed multiple be used to the make rigidity of parts and the method that collision situation adapts.For example, by being installed, hydraulic element realize that the idea of the change of rigidity is (referring to Vetter etc., " Investigation of adaptive Vehicle Body Structure Concepts with Respect to different Crash Worthiness Requirements ", the 6th airbag international symposium in 2002, Karlsruhe 2002).Yet the emphasis of all these open source literatures mainly is the technology realization aspect of various different-stiffness.
The shortcoming of the method that is used for adjustment component rigidity of known non-habitual is that only just profile, material behavior, wall thickness and deformation characteristic are determined by its structure shape for the rigidity of Crumple element.Element since structure and definite mechanical property and their stiffness relation (difference between the rigidity of element 1 and element 2) for example after the stiffness relation between collision box and the longeron, can not change again.Produce thus is not optimum passenger protection, higher weight and often higher maintenance expenses.
Use the shortcoming of the known method of adaptability structure to be, the rigidity of Crumple element can be had a mind to the scope of free burial ground for the destitute change and is subjected to the restriction of the mechanical load ability of adjacent component.Promptly collide box and longeron if for example study two elements, the rigidity of colliding box so is only to bring up to the degree more smaller than the rigidity of longeron.If surpass the rigidity that this degree still continues to improve the collision box, be exactly the element that longeron rigidity is little and correspondingly collapsing can being pressed before the collision box under the load so obviously improves and littler for occupant's protective action total the result is a failure costs.
Summary of the invention
Under this background, the present invention proposes a kind of deformation element according to each independent claims, a kind of method, a kind of control gear, a kind of computer program and a kind of occupant restraint system that is used for the deformation characteristic of when vehicle collision endergonic method, a kind of deformation element that is adjusted in vehicle.Favourable design proposal is drawn by corresponding dependent claims and ensuing description.
The present invention is based on following understanding: can adaptive collision box be significant, this collision box can be according to the order of severity of accident and is changed according to collision energy to be absorbed thus.According to the invention provides a kind of device, this device has been realized the variable rigidity of collision box.
This variability of rigidity is significant, because under very strong collision situation, still remaining after the collision box is pulled to together have very many energy and these energy also to be absorbed by the crew department by other element.
Under the situation of slight impact, the path for use of collision box is just collided box and can be pulled to the path on institute edge together, is not used fully.Therefore cross the highland again and require the driver to bear violent acceleration or braking, this may cause injured.
Advantageously, a kind ofly realized, in damper element, produced the rigidity of coordinating mutually with the impact energy that needs absorption according to the solution of the present invention.Can be according to device of the present invention with the rigidity that can guarantee the adaptive mode of collision strength to be realized colliding box.At this, target is to strive for the maximization of self-protection and partner's protection.
As starting point, the invention provides a kind of endergonic deformation element when vehicle collision that is used for, this deformation element has following feature: a container with at least one hole, wherein, described container can be out of shape to absorb energy; Be arranged on the medium in the described container, this medium is designed to go out by described at least one orifice flow when container deformation; And rectifying means, this rectifying means is designed to according to setting signal medium be gone out to control by described at least one orifice flow.
Deformation element can be a kind of collision box, and this collision box can be arranged in the wrinkle district of vehicle.Deformation element can be set, make the container of deformation element when vehicle collision, be extruded to together.Thus, container can absorb impact energy.Container has cavity, and medium is arranged in this cavity.Medium can be a kind of fluid.Except described at least one hole, container can be closed, thereby medium only can go out by described at least one orifice flow when container deformation.At this, the distortion of vessel characteristic is relevant with the outflow characteristic of medium.Especially, deformation characteristic and the medium flowing velocity and the size in described at least one hole by described at least one hole is relevant.Certain volume share of medium or medium can flow out soon more from container, so the rigidity of container the and therefore rigidity of deformation element is more little.The speed that medium can flow out when container deformation can be set by means of setting signal.Setting signal is designed to set the deformation characteristic of deformation element thus.Especially, setting signal can be designed to set the rigidity of deformation element.Deformation element can connect with a control gear, and this control gear provides setting signal.Setting signal can be a kind of electrical signal.
According to a kind of design proposal, container can have at least two elements, and these two elements are designed to when container deformation one and move in another.These elements can be respectively the subelements of shrinking structure.These elements make container controllably to be pulled to together.
Rectifying means can be designed to set the viscosity of medium.Can change the flowing velocity of medium by changing viscosity by described at least one hole.
Described medium can be a magneto-rheological fluid, and rectifying means can be designed to provide magnetic field.The size and Orientation in magnetic field can be controlled by setting signal.Can set the viscosity of magneto-rheological fluid by means of magnetic field.
According to a kind of design proposal, deformation element can have film, and this film is designed to seal described at least one hole until container deformation.Thus, can prevent that medium from flowing out before collision.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of endergonic method when vehicle collision that is used for, described method comprises the following steps: to provide the container with at least one hole, and wherein, container can be out of shape and is used for absorbing energy; The medium that is arranged in the container is provided, and described medium is designed to go out by described at least one orifice flow when container deformation; And setting signal is provided, and described setting signal is designed to medium is controlled by the outflow in described at least one hole.
In addition, the present invention is based on following understanding:, can improve adjusting to the rigidity of deformation element in the vehicle by controlling the rigidity of coefficient deformation element together.In this way, the deformation characteristic that for example is arranged on a plurality of deformation elements in the vehicle wrinkle district is coordinated mutually.
According to the present invention, can carry out electrical adjustment to the rigidity that at least two series connection are arranged on the adaptability deformation element in the vehicle with mutual coordinated mode by instruction in control gear and assessment unit, wherein, use the information about accident conditions of self collision assessment unit.
When being installed in vehicle, always can use the present invention more than an adjustable element that is used for reducing energy.According to the present invention, the adjusting of indivedual rigidity of various different elements is carried out in the following manner, that is, on the one hand follow can predetermined pattern in the distribution of global stiffness, and optimal is with by the predetermined accessible range in stiffness of technical implementation way on the other hand.At this, the adjusting of rigidity should provide protection as well as possible for the occupant according to crash type.In addition, when relating to the partner and protect (vehicle-vehicle collision and/or vehicle-pedestrian impact), this adjusting will provide good compatible properties.Therefore can improve total protection effect of occupant and can make failure costs keep very low.
As starting point, the present invention provides a kind of method that is used for regulating the deformation characteristic of vehicle deformation element in addition, and described method has following steps: receive collision information by interface; Based on described collision information, determine first rigidity of first deformation element and second rigidity of second deformation element, make the rigidity of winning less than second rigidity; Provide setting signal to interface, wherein, setting signal is suitable for first deformation element is set to first rigidity and second deformation element is set to second rigidity.
Described collision information can for example have the information of colliding pattern about crash type in other words.As the primary quantity that is used for according to adjusting of the present invention, crash type collides pattern in other words and can for example detect by the prevention crash sensor.Deformation element can be arranged in the wrinkle district of vehicle, makes the deformation element of winning begin to absorb collision energy in time before second deformation element.For example, second deformation element can be arranged between the main cabin of first deformation element of vehicle and vehicle.In order to ensure predetermined absorption order, first rigidity be set to less than or equal second rigidity at least.Can realize by the suitable technique system by the necessary rigidity of determining according to regulating system of the present invention that is used for each deformation element.For example can in hydraulic system, exert pressure or in electric system, provide setting voltage or set electric current.For example deformation element can be based on according to deformation element of the present invention, thereby setting signal can be by the rigidity of magnetic field controlled deformation element.
Can be from being to determine first rigidity the default range in stiffness of first deformation element and from being to determine second rigidity the default range in stiffness of second deformation element according to the present invention.The range in stiffness of first and second deformation elements can be overlapping.Therefore can from big as far as possible value scope, select rigidity, to realize that deformation element optimally adapts with accident.
According to a kind of design proposal, second rigidity is based on described collision information and first rigidity is determined.Therefore, second rigidity can be determined by first rigidity by algorithm.This method can realize with very low cost.
According to another design proposal, described method can comprise the step that receives an other collision information by described interface, determine first other rigidity of first deformation element and second an other rigidity of second deformation element based on described other collision information, make the described other little step of second rigidity of the described first other ratio of rigidity, and the step of an other setting signal is provided for described interface, wherein, described other setting signal is suitable for first deformation element is set to the described first other rigidity and second deformation element is set to the described second other rigidity.In this way, rigidity can be continuously adjusted considering under the situation of current collision information.
Described method can comprise the step that receives occupant information by described interface, and wherein, the definite of second rigidity carries out based on described occupant information.Therefore the maximum rigidity of deformation element can set under the situation about taking into account about automotive occupant information.If to adjusting, so particularly with the main cabin or can set based on occupant information apart from the rigidity of that deformation element of minimum with the occupant or rather more than the rigidity of two deformation elements.
In addition, described method comprises an other rigidity determining an other deformation element, makes the described other littler step of rigidity of second ratio of rigidity, and wherein, setting signal is suitable for described other deformation element is set to described other rigidity.Therefore, can be used to regulate the absorption system of forming by three or more deformation elements according to method of the present invention.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of control gear, described device is designed to the implementation basis method that is used for regulating the deformation characteristic of vehicle deformation element of the present invention.By the enforcement variant that this form of the present invention is a control gear, task of the present invention also can be solved fast and effectively.
Control gear can be understood as electric installation here, described electric installation processes sensor signal and send control signal according to sensor signal.Control gear can have interface, and this interface can and/or design according to software mode according to hardware mode.In the design proposal according to hardware mode, interface can for example be the part of so-called system ASIC (application-specific IC), and the ASIC of this system comprises the various function of control gear.Yet also possible is that interface is independent intergrated circuit or is made up of discrete element at least in part.In the design proposal according to software mode, interface can be for example in the software module that also is provided with except other software module on the microcontroller.
A kind of also advantageously computer program with program coding, this computer program is stored on machine readable carrier such as semiconductor memory, harddisk memory or the optical memory, and be used for when on a control gear, carrying out described program, implementing according to any one the described method in the mode of execution described above.
Description of drawings
Next according to accompanying drawing the present invention is carried out exemplary elaborating.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows the deformation element according to first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows another view according to deformation element of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the orifice plate according to deformation element of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the sectional view according to the orifice plate of deformation element of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows the explanatory view according to the deformation element of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 shows the explanatory view of the exemplary distribution of the parts rigidity in the wrinkle district;
Fig. 7 shows the explanatory view that passes through the range in stiffness that simple Adaptive Control distributes of deformation element;
Fig. 8 shows the explanatory view that passes through the range in stiffness that adapt distributes of deformation element according to a kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 shows the chart of the method for the deformation characteristic that is used to regulate deformation element according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 shows the chart of the method for the deformation characteristic that is used to regulate deformation element according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 shows the chart of the method for the deformation characteristic that is used to regulate deformation element according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
Identical or similar elements can be in ensuing accompanying drawing with identical or similarly reference character represent.In addition, each figure of accompanying drawing, the description and the claim of accompanying drawing comprise a lot of combined feature.At this, be clear that the combination that also can consider these features individually or these features can be summarized as other, clearly do not describe here for those skilled in the art.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the section model of the side view of the deformation element that collides the box-like formula according to a kind of embodiment of the present invention.Described deformation element has container 101.Container 101 is made of head member 103, base element 105 and a plurality of flexible wall 107.Flexible wall 107 is arranged between head member 103 and the base element 105.According to this embodiment, flexible wall 107 has five telescopic elements, and these telescopic elements can one move in another.Head member 103 can be constructed to plate.Arrow 110 illustrates the action direction of power, and this power affacts on the deformation element when vehicle collision.By this power, container 101 can be pulled to together towards the direction of base element 105.Inside at container 101 can be provided with medium 112.If container is pulled to together, medium 112 can go out by at least one orifice flow of container so.Described at least one hole can be arranged in the base element 105 of container.According to this embodiment, base element is constructed to orifice plate 105, and this orifice plate has a plurality of holes 114.Hole 114 can be a plurality of fluid passages or a plurality of hole.Film 106 can be arranged on the outside of orifice plate 105, with the hole 114 of sealing orifice plate 105.In addition, deformation element can have the discharge route 116 that has rotatable collection blister spare 118.Film 106 can be arranged between orifice plate 105 and the discharge route.Film 106 can be designed as be used for when container 101 distortion, becoming for medium 112 be can penetrate or can tear, thereby medium 112 can flow to the discharge route 116 by hole 114 from the inner chamber of container 101.
Fig. 2 shows the end elevation of deformation element shown in Figure 1.What illustrate is flexible cylinder 107 and orifice plate 105.Orifice plate 105 is configured for the terminal of flexible cylinder 107.A plurality of holes 114 are arranged in the orifice plate 105.Orifice plate 105 and hole 114 have circular cross section respectively.Medium is not shown.
Fig. 3 shows the plan view of the orifice plate 105 of deformation element shown in Figure 1.A plurality of coils of switching on 320 are set in orifice plate 105.Can give in the described coil 320 of each hole 114 distribution, thereby the magnetic field that is produced by coil 320 can influence the medium that is arranged in hole 114 at least.According to this embodiment, each hole 114 by a coil 320 around.Coil 320 can be touched by means of electric lead 322.Through the electric current of electric lead 322 can control coil 320 magnetic field.Electric lead 322 can be energized by control gear again.According to this embodiment, coil 320 is connected.
Fig. 4 illustrates the sectional view of orifice plate shown in Figure 3 105.The hole of orifice plate 105 has been full of medium 112 and a side is sealed by film 106.The winding of coil 320 can be arranged on the inside of orifice plate 105 and extend along the hole.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 shows the mode of execution according to the deformation element based on the drum type implementation of the present invention.The box 101 that is made of a plurality of cylinders 107 that can move into another is filled with magneto-rheological fluid 112.Fluid 112 fills up box 101 and also is arranged in the fluid passage 114 of base plate 105.For fluid 112 also can not flowed out from the collision box under the "on" position, the film 106 of " can damage " is fixed on orifice plate 105 back.Orifice plate 105 also allows other shapes different with the hole shape that illustrates.Equally, the quantity in hole 114 and diameter can be designed to difference.Equally, the shape of box 101 can be made of other not necessarily columnar parts.It for example can be triangle.In addition, discharge route 116 also can drive by pump, thus a kind of aspirator trapping medium 112 and in a container, provide medium.
Realized colliding the setting of box rigidity according to device of the present invention.Especially, can modulate by means of the deformation characteristic of 112 pairs of collisions of magneto-rheological fluid box.Variability realizes by Pheological fluid 112 according to the embodiment who describes.Can use other medium equally.The structure of collision box allows adjustable structure, thereby each parts 107 of this collision box can one move into another.
Working principle according to device of the present invention is that collision box direction 110 along power when collision is pulled to together.Thus, magneto-rheological fluid 112 is extruded the passage 114 that passes orifice plate 105.Being installed in coil 320 in the orifice plate 105 can switch on and produce gageable magnetic field according to electric current [strength.
By energising with form magnetic field, fluid 112 becomes more viscous according to energising situation and the magnetic field that causes thus, thereby fluid 112 is extruded and passes orifice plate passage 114 and become difficult.Can change the rigidity of whole collision box thus.
Can have or comprise in the vehicle that collides box at all according to the solution of the present invention and use.
Fig. 5 shows the explanatory view of a plurality of deformation elements, and these deformation elements can participate in energy when collision reduces.These deformation elements can be arranged on the front part of vehicle of vehicle and be divided into a plurality of zones.
What illustrate is the plan view of vehicle, and wherein, each braces comprises the zone of a deformation element respectively.First deformation element 1101 for example can comprise a crossbeam and have first stiffness K 1.Second deformation element 1102 for example can comprise one or two opposed collision boxes and have second stiffness K 2.The 3rd deformation element 1103 for example can comprise one or two opposed longerons and have the 3rd stiffness K 3.The 4th deformation element 1104 for example can comprise a bulkhead and have the 4th stiffness K 4.Other deformation element 1105 can be set.
Each deformation element has different rigidity, and wherein, towards tailstock direction, just the direction towards the main cabin increases the rigidity size from front part of vehicle.Therefore, the rigidity of deformation element 1101,1102,1103,1104,1105 satisfies:
K1＜K2＜K3＜K4＜K
Other
This stiffness relation or more particularly increasing for the mechanically correct deformation process of all deformation elements during collision process of grading type towards the rigidity of tailstock direction be an important prerequisite.
Fig. 6 shows the explanatory view of the exemplary distribution of parts rigidity in the wrinkle district.Be the direction of distortion on the abscissa and be the rigidity of deformation element on y coordinate, first element 1101 has first stiffness K 1, second element 1102 has that second stiffness K, 2, the three element 1103 have the 3rd stiffness K 3 and quaternary part 1104 has the 4th stiffness K 4.
This means when head-on crash at first crossbeam 1101 distortion, afterwards by collision box 1102 folding absorb part energy and at last the folding process by longeron 1103 reduce energy remaining.
If for example the stiffness K 3 of longeron 1103 than the stiffness K of collision boxes 1,102 2 little (K3＜K2), so during collision process collision box 1102 do not take place folding but alternatively longeron 1103 take place folding.Perhaps, this longeron can bend owing to less rigidity.Thus, the energy that is absorbed by deformation element can much less.This can cause invading in the cabin more again and cause more serious occupant's damage thus.Can expect bigger vehicle damage and the maintenance expenses of Geng Gao equally.
It is the explanatory view of the range in stiffness 1320 of second element, 1102 distribution that Fig. 7 shows by simple Adaptive Control.Be again the direction of distortion on the abscissa and be the rigidity of deformation element on y coordinate.Range in stiffness 1320 stiffness K 1 and stiffness K 2 ' between.The maximum rigidity K2 ' of second element 1102 can not be greater than the stiffness K 3 of three element 1103.Therefore the range in stiffness 1320 of second element 1102 upwards is very limited.
Fig. 8 shows the explanatory view that can pass through according to the range in stiffness of adapt distribution of the present invention according to a kind of embodiment of the present invention.Be again the direction of distortion on the abscissa and be the rigidity of deformation element on y coordinate.Especially, show at the range in stiffness 1420 of second element 1102 with at the range in stiffness 1422 of three element 1103.Because the stiffness K 3 of three element 1103 is regulated, so the maximum rigidity K2 ' of second element 1102 has much bigger range in stiffness now for using according to K2 ' and K3 '.
According to the present invention, described adjusting can be set suitable rigidity and can be adjusted in stiffness relation between the deformation element on the other hand on the one hand for each of each deformation element 1101,1102,1103,1104.Thus, obviously bigger for the range in stiffness 1420 that adapts to the accident conditions use.
The beginning of collision can trigger electronic equipment by airbag and discern.By spendable data there, trigger electronic equipment and can determine crash type by means of the algorithm (for example by means of classification or by means of the AIDA algorithm) that is fit to.This can for example be about relating to the information that overlapping collision fully also relates to the less collision of overlapping coefficient.Can also transmit information equally here about collision the other side's hardness.Can also pass on information about striking speed.Here can import equally, as information from the inter-vehicular communication device from the information of collision-prevention system (RADAR, LIDAR).Significant especially for example is to pass on collision the other side's quality.
In other part, particularly determining aspect the rigidity of each deformation element, can be with various form implementation basis system of the present invention.
Fig. 9 shows the fundamental diagram of foundation system of the present invention according to the first embodiment of the present invention.At this, relate to a kind of directly mode of execution of feedback that do not have.
In first method step 1501, provide or definite collision information.Collision information can for example comprise the information about crash type or striking speed.Collision information is offered database 1502.This database can have the corresponding relation between the rigidity that is fit to of collision information and deformation element.In other method step 1503, based on collision information and from the information of database 1502 for first, second and three element predesignate target stiffness K 1 ', K2 ', K3 ', make and follow K1 '＜K2 '＜K3 '＜K4.Predesignating of target rigidity can be carried out by read value from database 1502 or by calculating.In other method step, with first components set to stiffness K 1 ' step 1504, with second components set to stiffness K 2 ' step 1505, with three element be set to stiffness K 3 ' step 1506.The setting of element can be undertaken by corresponding setting signal is provided.
In the mode of execution shown in foundation Fig. 9, in step 1503, electronic circuit can by database 1502 determine with collision information 1501 have a mind to the stiffness K 1 that the free burial ground for the destitute adapts ', K2 ', K3 '.When as crash type being bumps against the great obstacle of quality for example on truck or the tram car time with half overlapping coefficient, so can be for example meaningfully, first, second and three element are adjusted to technical possible maximum rigidity K1 ', K2 ', K3 '.At this, predesignate the value of K1 ', K2 ' and K3 ' regularly.But the rigidity of element also can be set to any other combination K1 ', the K2 ' and the K3 ' that predesignate regularly, and this will be according to the Stiffness Distribution of the distribution of load condition and expectation and the requirement of K1 '＜K2 '＜K3 '＜K4.Owing to can in big rigidity codomain, set, obviously present according to the advantage of method of the present invention with respect to traditional method of only regulating unique parts to first, second vehicle structure with three-element rigidity and therefore whole participation collision.
Figure 10 shows the fundamental diagram of foundation system of the present invention according to second kind of embodiment of the present invention.At this, carry out the internal calculation of the rigidity of the second and the 3rd deformation element.
In first method step 1501, provide again or definite collision information, this collision information can for example comprise the information about crash type or striking speed.Collision information is offered database 1502.In third party's method step 1603, based on collision information and from the information of database 1502 predesignate target stiffness K 1 '.With first components set to stiffness K 1 ' step 1504, with second components set to stiffness K 2 ' step 1505 and three element is set to stiffness K 3 ' step 1506 before, be used for determining stiffness K 2 ' and method step of K3 ' according to what this embodiment also will carry out other.
In step 1611, stiffness K 1 ' and K1 between compare.If K1 ' is not more than K1, the rigidity of first element is remained unchanged.If K1 '＞K1 in step 1504, arrives value K1 ' with first components set so on the contrary.
In step 1613, stiffness K 1 ' and K2 between compare.If K1 ' is not more than K2, the rigidity of second element is remained unchanged.If K1 '＞K2 on the contrary, in step 1615, calculate so stiffness K 2 ', make K2 '＞K1 '.In step 1505, second components set is arrived value K2 ' at last.
In step 1616, stiffness K 2 ' and K3 between compare.If K2 ' is not more than K3, three-element rigidity is remained unchanged.If K2 '＞K3 on the contrary, in step 1618, calculate so stiffness K 3 ', make K4＞K3 '＞K2 '.At last in step 1506, with the three element value of being set to K3 '.
In the mode of execution shown in foundation Figure 16, can only predesignate value K1 ' by database at the first element rigidity.The stiffness K 2 of other elements ', K3 ' can draw by K1 ' according to the computation rule that illustrates.
The advantage of this method be in application consumption seldom.Needn't predesignate the concrete combination of first, second and three-element rigidity, and only need predesignate the value of first element.Second and three-element rigidity automatically determine by the value of first element and can correspondingly control second and three element by algorithm.
Figure 11 shows the fundamental diagram of foundation system of the present invention according to the third embodiment of the present invention.At this, carry out the internal dynamic of the rigidity of the second and the 3rd deformation element and calculate.
The embodiment who describes with foundation Figure 10 correspondingly in first method step 1501, provides or definite collision information, and this collision information for example can comprise the information about crash type or striking speed.Collision information is offered database 1502.Dynamic additional information 1701 is provided in addition.Dynamic additional information 1701 for example can comprise the information about collision process, acceleration or speed reduction amount.In third party's method step 1603, based on collision information, from the information of database 1502 and dynamically additional information 1701 predesignate target stiffness K 1 '.With first components set to stiffness K 1 ' step 1604, with second components set to stiffness K 2 ' step 1605 and three element is set to stiffness K 3 ' step 1606 before, carry out the usefulness of describing according to Figure 16 and determine stiffness K 2 ' and additive method step 1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618 of K3 '.
The method step 1603,1604,1605,1606,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1701 of joining together in step 1750 is carried out one time in each computation cycles according to this embodiment.Each computation cycles can responsively be implemented with the predetermined time lag or to predetermined incident continuously.
Structure according to the mode of execution of being described by Figure 11 is similar with the mode of execution of describing according to Figure 10.Yet having carried out two places revises.Use additional information 1701 on the one hand now.The momentary value of the speed reduction amount that this for example comprises acceleration, realize until current time or other dynamic and time dependent amount.On the other hand, in each computation cycles, carry out now the stiffness K 1 that is used to predesignate first element ' and the stiffness K 2 of other elements of calculating thus ', the calculating of K3 '.Just, the rigidity of system can be implemented as in this way dynamically and adapt with load condition.This be not that whole collision informations are favourable under the operational situation when collision begins for example.So, here, stiffness K 1 ', K2 ', K3 ' can dynamically adapt with collision process.
Only exemplarily select the embodiment who describes according to Fig. 9 to 11.Especially, the quantity of participation parts is not limited to three.The quantity that participates in parts must be two at least, but also can be more.
In addition, system can also be used on the vehicular sideview and/or the tailstock in the mode of equivalence.For the side, the parts of participation for example are the element of threshold spare, A post and B post so, and as according to another embodiment of the invention, the parts of participation for example also have the parts of seat.
What also can imagine is under the situation of head-on crash, the parts that exist in pairs to be carried out asymmetrical setting (left side and the right) targetedly.For example in one-sided collision, can only control the element of collision side.In head-on crash, can for example weaken a side targetedly according to the seat occupancy.Can realize that thus the situation of the intrusion inner room side that perhaps can occur occurs in the place that does not have the occupant.This has realized that additional energy reduces, and this additional energy reduces may be to favourable the occupant of vehicle opposite side.
According to another embodiment, for example can predesignate the value of the stiffness K 5 of the 5th deformation element by occupant's load carrying capacity.Parts K4 can be understood as the power of safety strip.K1, K2 and K3 can be relevant with vehicle structure.If make force level and rigidity to compare by the computational methods that are fit in this case, can under the situation of considering adjustable belt force limiter, regulate so, feasible one side is no more than occupant's maximum load value, can optimally make full use of operational regulation range but then.Can also make K5 relevant at this with occupant's state.Therefore can consider for example occupant's age, sex, height, body weight or bone density.
Can also be advantageously, the assessment that will be used for deformation element is placed in the control gear identical with the constrained system flip flop equipment with control gear.
Can in all vehicles, use with the wrinkle district that constitutes by a plurality of adaptability elements according to the solution of the present invention.
The embodiment who describes just exemplarily selects and can make up mutually.Especially, according to the method for the deformation characteristic that is used for regulating the vehicle deformation element of the present invention can be used for according to of the present invention that endergonic deformation element is combined into occupant restraint system when the vehicle collision.Similarly, described regulating method is not limited to the structure member of vehicle, but can also regulate the characteristic of occupant and constrained system.
Claims (15)
1. one kind is used for endergonic deformation element when vehicle collision, it is characterized in that described deformation element has following feature:
-have the container (101) of at least one hole (114), wherein, described container can be out of shape and is used for absorbing energy;
-being arranged on the medium (112) in the described container, described medium can go out by described at least one orifice flow when described container deformation; With
-rectifying means (320), described rectifying means can go out to control by described at least one orifice flow to medium according to setting signal.
2. according to the described deformation element of claim 1, it is characterized in that described container (101) has at least two elements (107), these two elements can be when container deformation one move in another.
3. any described deformation element in requiring according to aforesaid right is characterized in that described rectifying means (320) can be set the viscosity of described medium (112).
4. any described deformation element in requiring according to aforesaid right is characterized in that described medium (112) is that magneto-rheological fluid and described rectifying means (320) can provide magnetic field.
5. any described deformation element in requiring according to aforesaid right is characterized in that described deformation element has film (106), and this film can seal described at least one hole (114) and be out of shape until described container (101).
6. one kind is used for endergonic method when vehicle collision, it is characterized in that described method comprises the following steps:
Container with at least one hole (114) (101) is provided, and wherein, described container can be out of shape and is used for absorbing energy;
The medium that is arranged in the described container (112) is provided, and described medium can go out by described at least one orifice flow when described container deformation; And
Setting signal is provided, and described setting signal can go out to control by described at least one orifice flow to described medium.
7. a method that is used for regulating the deformation characteristic of vehicle deformation element is characterized in that described method comprises the following steps:
Receive the step (1501) of collision information by interface;
Based on described collision information, determine first rigidity (K1 ') of first deformation element (1101) and at least one second rigidity (K2 ') of at least one second deformation element (1102), make the step of described first rigidity less than described at least one second rigidity; And
Provide the step (1504,1505) of setting signal to interface, wherein, described adjustment signal can be set to described first deformation element described first rigidity and described at least one second deformation element is set to described at least one second rigidity.
8. according to the described method of claim 7, it is characterized in that, described first rigidity (K1 ') from one be determine the default range in stiffness of described first deformation element and described at least one second rigidity (K2 ') from one for determining the default range in stiffness of described at least one second deformation element.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described methods, it is characterized in that described at least one second rigidity (K2 ') is determined based on described collision information (1501) and described first rigidity (K1 ').
10. according to any described method in the claim 7 to 8, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the step that receives an other collision information (1701) by described interface, determine other first rigidity (K1 ') of described first deformation element and at least one other second rigidity (K2 ') of described at least one second deformation element based on described other collision information, make the described first other rigidity less than the step (1603) of described at least one the second other rigidity and the step (1504 that an other setting signal is provided to described interface, 1505), wherein, described other setting signal can be set to described first deformation element described first other rigidity and described at least one second deformation element is set to described at least one second other rigidity.
11. any described method according in the claim 7 to 9 is characterized in that, described method has the step that receives occupant information by described interface, and described at least one second rigidity (K2 ') is determined based on described occupant information.
12. according to any described method in the claim 7 to 10, it is characterized in that, described method has the step of at least one other rigidity (K3 ') of determining at least one other deformation element, make that described at least one second rigidity (K2 ') is littler less than described at least one other rigidity, wherein, described setting signal (1506) can be set to described at least one other rigidity with described at least one other deformation element.
13. a control gear is characterized in that, described control gear be used for implementation basis claim 7 to 12 any described method the institute in steps.
14. computer program with program coding, described computer program is stored on the machine readable carrier, it is characterized in that, described computer program is used for implementing according to any described method in the claim 7 to 11 when carrying out described program on control gear.
15. an occupant restraint system is characterized in that, described occupant restraint system has following feature:
According to any described first deformation element in the claim 1 to 5;
According to any described second deformation element in the claim 1 to 5; With
According to the described control gear of claim 13.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200910000112 DE102009000112A1 (en) | 2009-01-09 | 2009-01-09 | Deformation element and method for regulating the deformation behavior of deformation elements in a vehicle |
| DE102009000112.3 | 2009-01-09 | ||
| PCT/EP2009/065022 WO2010078988A2 (en) | 2009-01-09 | 2009-11-12 | Deformation element and method for controlling the deformation behavior of deformation elements in a vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102272472A true CN102272472A (en) | 2011-12-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
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| CN2009801542688A Pending CN102272472A (en) | 2009-01-09 | 2009-11-12 | Deformation element and method for controlling the deformation behavior of deformation elements in a vehicle |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2386034A2 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP2012514724A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102272472A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102009000112A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010078988A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103419733A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2013-12-04 | 黄家军 | Damping anti-collision device |
| CN105172722A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2015-12-23 | 福特环球技术公司 | Energy absorbing member for a bumper assembly of a vehicle |
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| DE102009029814C5 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2017-01-26 | Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh | Device for energy absorption and use of the device as a mine protection device or crash cushion for a motor vehicle |
| DE102009046057B4 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2019-12-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and control device for adjusting the rigidity of an irreversible impact absorber of a vehicle |
| DE102009046984B4 (en) | 2009-11-23 | 2020-06-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Control device for setting a device for adaptively reducing crash energy for a vehicle, device for adaptively reducing crash energy for a vehicle and a method for setting a device for adaptively reducing crash energy for a vehicle |
| DE102011006069A1 (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-01-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Crash structure, vehicle crash stiffness control apparatus for a vehicle, method for adjusting a vehicle crash structure stiffness |
| ES2378618B2 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-08-06 | Francesc Martínez-Val Piera | Bumpers with energy absorption by temperature-conditioned extrusion |
| DE102012221629B4 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2023-09-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for determining an impact size for a vehicle |
| JP5791676B2 (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-10-07 | 富士重工業株式会社 | Shock absorber |
| GB2520493A (en) | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | Univ Coventry | Active buckling control |
| DE102014103462A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2015-09-17 | Inventus Engineering Gmbh | Method and assembly for damping loads acting in case of overload for protection against damage |
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- 2009-11-12 JP JP2011544816A patent/JP2012514724A/en active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2010078988A2 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
| WO2010078988A3 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
| JP2012514724A (en) | 2012-06-28 |
| DE102009000112A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
| JP2012006592A (en) | 2012-01-12 |
| EP2386034A2 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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