CN102265731A - Method for comprehensively improving saline and alkaline land by planting new species hybrid willow protection forest on coastal mud flat - Google Patents
Method for comprehensively improving saline and alkaline land by planting new species hybrid willow protection forest on coastal mud flat Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for comprehensively improving a saline and alkaline land by planting a new species hybrid willow protection forest on a coastal mud flat, comprising the following steps of: preparing saline and alkaline land improvement materials and new species hybrid willow fast-growing fertilizers; taking comprehensive measures of new species hybrid willow protection forest planting; and managing the new species hybrid willow protection forest planting. According to the method disclosed by the invention, soil improvement materials are organically combined with the new species hybrid willow fast-growing fertilizers; the saline and alkaline land improvement materials can meet the requirements of the growth of new species hybrid willows on nutrients, are reasonably blended; the used materials are all mineral, agricultural and industrial wastes which have extensive source, and therefore low cost, high pertinency and improvement cost reduction are achieved; in addition, the invention is beneficial to the popularization and the generalization of a technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coastal beach new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation comprehensive improvement saline land method.
Background technology
Soil, Jiangsu reserved resources is richly endowed by nature, the whole province's beach gross area surpasses 1,000 ten thousand mu, does not enclose 750.25 ten thousand mu of the beach gross areas, all accounts for 1/4th of the whole nation, and annual still with about 20,000 mu speed increase, constantly impel people constantly to enclose and cultivate beach and build up fields to the coastline of ocean extension.But in the process that beach is reclaimed land from marshes, run into a lot of problems, such as beach salinity height, plant growing difficulty, freshwater resources lack, a series of problems such as dust storm is big, ecotope is single; Since the salinity height, the difficult growth of various salt-tolerant plants, and fresh water lacks, and makes exposed beach surface soil layer evaporation big, form dust storm easily, single, the deterioration of ecotope, so vicious circle, cause shore reclamation work to advance slowly, in the face of hands-down resource, the mankind can only hang back.
Now introduce a kind of speed and give birth to the woods material of salt tolerant alkali---the plantation of new varieties hybridization willow, new varieties hybridization willow is the improved seeds in the willow, new varieties hybridization willow is the good hybridization strain by the cold bamboo of the U.S., korean willow, the seed selection of osier willow combined hybrid, has cold-resistant, drought resisting, anti-characteristic such as flood.Since China introduces, in middle low salinity saline soil earth, planted experimentally successfully, and planted experimentally success rate and reached 100%.Outstanding properties advantages such as new varieties hybridization willow fast growth, adaptive capacity is strong, material is good, form is good, wood usage is various are applied in cycle industrial material forest, saline-alkali soil forestation, lake beach afforestation, afforestation and the environmental organism reparation by increasing forest workers.Carry out new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation aggregate measures in the saline land, in conjunction with the alkaline land improving technology, not only can form a lot of green screen in the big ground of beach, check winds and fix drifting sand, improve coastal ecotope, can promote simultaneously the improvement in large tracts of land saline land, for the improvement utilization in saline land provides a good approach.
Before the plantation of new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest, need carry out soil melioration to plantation saline land, shelter belt, satisfy the quick growth needs of new varieties hybridization willow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of coastal beach new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation comprehensive improvement saline land method of guaranteeing shelter forest plantation of new varieties hybridization willow and alkaline land improving.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of coastal beach new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation comprehensive improvement saline land method is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation alkaline land improving and new varieties hybridization Liu Su gives birth to fertilizer:
With superphosphate, contain mistake 60 mesh sieve weathered coals, amino acid and the ferrous sulfate of humus more than 70% and mix in mass ratio 4:3:2:1 ratio, stir with agitator, by adding the mixed amino acid solution of the liquid offcuts of producing monosodium glutamate, adjust the pH value in 3-4 scopes, get the alkaline land improving material; Part alkaline land improving material and middle microelement additive are mixed by mass ratio 1:1, get new varieties hybridization Liu Su and give birth to fertilizer;
(2) new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation aggregate measures:
Hybridize willow according to the forest belt width according to seeding row spacing 2*3 rice grow novel varieties at the shelter forest growth belt, dig pit 0.8 meter of the wide * height of long *=1 meter * of 1 meter * of every strain plantation, 0.3 meter of living beings such as bottom, hole pad stalk or branch, cover 0.3 meter of shallow soil then, with the alkaline land improving material, after new varieties hybridization Liu Su gives birth to fertilizer and the top layer earthing mixes, new varieties hybridization Liu Miao with native ball is put in center in the hole, composite soil is covered new varieties hybridization willow root form 0.4 meter high topsoil, 1 square metre of endosexine soil of every new varieties hybridization willow planting range exceeds on every side 0.2 meter of soil layer, with opening low groove between every capable new varieties hybridization willow, help top layer solonchak salinity drip washing and draining simultaneously;
(3) new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest kind planting management:
The implantation time of shelter forest be annual December to the second year by the end of March, the new varieties hybridization willow that plantation is in hibernation utilizes natural rainfall snow to irrigate, help improving survival rate and reduce the irrigation cost, after spring, weather got warm again after a cold spell, in case condition is fit to and will roots, natural growth was good; After the May in 1 year, at plantation row interplant Tian Qing, sow the blue or green seed in field according to every mu of 6-8 jin amount, sow 3-5 centimetre of back earthing, satisfy the growth requirement of Tian Qing; After Tian Qing grows to October, gather in the field is blue or green, and the pruning new varieties to hybridize willow side shoot to 2 meter high.Open 0.8 meter dark circular groove at 1 meter to 1.5 meters of every strain new varieties hybridization Liu Sizhou, the field of harvesting side shoot blue or green and that prune is laid on bottom of trench in the lump, then with the earthen backfill of open loop ditch, and in backfilling process, alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su are given birth to fertilizer and mix with backfill soil, backfill back is well planted plant interplant ryegrass seed in new varieties hybridization willow, sow ryegrass seed according to every mu of 6-8 jin amount, sow 3-5 centimetre of back earthing, satisfy perennial ryegrass growth demand; To in May, the 3rd, the lateral bud that new varieties are hybridized in 2 meters on the willow trunk is erased, between plant, on the spot the perennial ryegrass of interplanting is turned in underground, and plantation Tian Qing, the blue or green method for planting of planting in field is identical with the previous year; After Tian Qing grows to October, gather in the field is blue or green, and the pruning new varieties to hybridize willow side shoot to 3 meter high.Open 0.8 meter dark circular groove at 1.5 meters to 2 meters of every strain new varieties hybridization Liu Sizhou, the field of harvesting side shoot blue or green and that prune is laid on bottom of trench in the lump, then with the earthen backfill of open loop ditch, and in backfilling process, alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su are given birth to fertilizer and mix with backfill soil, backfill back is well planted plant interplant ryegrass seed in new varieties hybridization willow, sow ryegrass seed according to every mu of 6-8 jin amount, sow 3-5 centimetre of back earthing, satisfy perennial ryegrass growth demand.
Microelement additive is made up of following component in percentage by weight in described: zinc sulphate 2%-5%, borax 2%-5%, ferrous sulfate 5%-15%, ammonium sulfate 20%-35%, superphosphate 25%-40%, magnesium sulfate 3%-8%, nitrate of lime 3%-10%.
In the step (2) alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su give birth to fertilizer when mixing with the top layer earthing three's weight ratio be 1:0.5 ~ 3:1 ~ 5; In the step (3) alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su give birth to fertilizer when mixing with the top layer earthing three's weight ratio be 1:0.5 ~ 3:1 ~ 5.
The present invention gives birth to the fertilizer combination with soil improvement material and new varieties hybridization Liu Su, used alkaline land improving material all can satisfy the nutrient demand of new varieties hybridization Liu Shengchang, collocation rationally, material therefor is the mineral and the agriculture and industry waste of wide material sources, cheap, with strong points, reduce the improvement cost, help the penetration and promotion of technology.In plantation aggregate measures and management process, utilize land resources growth living beings to suppress salinity on the spot, again with the buried desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of improving the soil of living beings, soil organic matter content is improved, quicken salinity drip washing, but by this technology quick improvement plantation saline land, forest belt, satisfy growing into forest fast of new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest, new varieties hybridization willow plant height after the 3rd year can reach 6-8 rice, 6-8 centimetre in rice footpath, the existing market selling price can reach 60-80 unit/strain, every mu of shelter forest can be realized 8880 yuan of economic worths, have the investment value preserving and appreciation, alkaline land improving and ecotope beautify, multiple economic and social benefits such as ecotope improvement are practical techniques of benefiting the nation and the people.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
A kind of coastal beach new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation comprehensive improvement saline land method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation alkaline land improving and new varieties hybridization Liu Su gives birth to fertilizer:
With superphosphate, contain mistake 60 mesh sieve weathered coals, amino acid and the ferrous sulfate of humus more than 70% and mix in mass ratio 4:3:2:1 ratio, stir with agitator, by adding the mixed amino acid solution of the liquid offcuts of producing monosodium glutamate, adjust the pH value in 3-4 scopes, get the alkaline land improving material; Part alkaline land improving material and middle microelement additive are mixed by mass ratio 1:1, get new varieties hybridization Liu Su and give birth to fertilizer;
(2) new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation aggregate measures:
Hybridize willow according to the forest belt width according to seeding row spacing 2*3 rice grow novel varieties at the shelter forest growth belt, dig pit 0.8 meter of the wide * height of long *=1 meter * of 1 meter * of every strain plantation, 0.3 meter of living beings such as bottom, hole pad stalk or branch, cover 0.3 meter of shallow soil then, with the alkaline land improving material, after new varieties hybridization Liu Su gives birth to fertilizer and the top layer earthing mixes, new varieties hybridization Liu Miao with native ball is put in center in the hole, composite soil is covered new varieties hybridization willow root form 0.4 meter high topsoil, 1 square metre of endosexine soil of every new varieties hybridization willow planting range exceeds on every side 0.2 meter of soil layer, with opening low groove between every capable new varieties hybridization willow, help top layer solonchak salinity drip washing and draining simultaneously;
(3) new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest kind planting management:
The implantation time of shelter forest be annual December to the second year by the end of March, the new varieties hybridization willow that plantation is in hibernation utilizes natural rainfall snow to irrigate, help improving survival rate and reduce the irrigation cost, after spring, weather got warm again after a cold spell, in case condition is fit to and will roots, natural growth was good; After the May in 1 year, at plantation row interplant Tian Qing, sow the blue or green seed in field according to every mu of 6-8 jin amount, sow 3-5 centimetre of back earthing, satisfy the growth requirement of Tian Qing; After Tian Qing grows to October, gather in the field is blue or green, and the pruning new varieties to hybridize willow side shoot to 2 meter high.Open 0.8 meter dark circular groove at 1 meter to 1.5 meters of every strain new varieties hybridization Liu Sizhou, the field of harvesting side shoot blue or green and that prune is laid on bottom of trench in the lump, then with the earthen backfill of open loop ditch, and in backfilling process, alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su are given birth to fertilizer and mix with backfill soil, backfill back is well planted plant interplant ryegrass seed in new varieties hybridization willow, sow ryegrass seed according to every mu of 6-8 jin amount, sow 3-5 centimetre of back earthing, satisfy perennial ryegrass growth demand; To in May, the 3rd, the lateral bud that new varieties are hybridized in 2 meters on the willow trunk is erased, between plant, on the spot the perennial ryegrass of interplanting is turned in underground, and plantation Tian Qing, the blue or green method for planting of planting in field is identical with the previous year; After Tian Qing grows to October, gather in the field is blue or green, and the pruning new varieties to hybridize willow side shoot to 3 meter high.Open 0.8 meter dark circular groove at 1.5 meters to 2 meters of every strain new varieties hybridization Liu Sizhou, the field of harvesting side shoot blue or green and that prune is laid on bottom of trench in the lump, then with the earthen backfill of open loop ditch, and in backfilling process, alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su are given birth to fertilizer and mix with backfill soil, backfill back is well planted plant interplant ryegrass seed in new varieties hybridization willow, sow ryegrass seed according to every mu of 6-8 jin amount, sow 3-5 centimetre of back earthing, satisfy perennial ryegrass growth demand.
Microelement additive is made up of following component in percentage by weight in described: zinc sulphate 2%-5%(example 2%, 4%, 5%), borax 2%-5%(example 2%, 4%, 5%), ferrous sulfate 5%-15%(example 5%, 10%, 15%), ammonium sulfate 20%-35%(example 20%, 30%, 35%), superphosphate 25%-40%(example 25%, 32%, 40%), magnesium sulfate 3%-5%(example 3%, 4%, 5%), nitrate of lime 3%-10%(example 3%, 7%, 10%), above-mentioned each amounts of components sum is 100%.
In the step (2) alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su give birth to fertilizer when mixing with the top layer earthing three's weight ratio be 1:0.5 ~ 3:1 ~ 5(routine 1:0.5:3,1:2:1,1:3:5); In the step (3) alkaline land improving material in each step, new varieties hybridization Liu Su give birth to fertilizer when mixing with the top layer earthing three's weight ratio be 1:0.5 ~ 3:1 ~ 5(routine 1:0.5:3,1:2:1,1:3:5).
Claims (3)
1. a coastal beach new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation comprehensive improvement saline land method is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation alkaline land improving and new varieties hybridization Liu Su gives birth to fertilizer:
With superphosphate, contain mistake 60 mesh sieve weathered coals, amino acid and the ferrous sulfate of humus more than 70% and mix in mass ratio 4:3:2:1 ratio, stir with agitator, by adding the mixed amino acid solution of the liquid offcuts of producing monosodium glutamate, adjust the pH value in 3-4 scopes, get the alkaline land improving material; Part alkaline land improving material and middle microelement additive are mixed by mass ratio 1:1, get new varieties hybridization Liu Su and give birth to fertilizer;
(2) new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation aggregate measures:
Hybridize willow according to the forest belt width according to seeding row spacing 2*3 rice grow novel varieties at the shelter forest growth belt, dig pit 0.8 meter of the wide * height of long *=1 meter * of 1 meter * of every strain plantation, 0.3 meter of living beings such as bottom, hole pad stalk or branch, cover 0.3 meter of shallow soil then, with the alkaline land improving material, after new varieties hybridization Liu Su gives birth to fertilizer and the top layer earthing mixes, new varieties hybridization Liu Miao with native ball is put in center in the hole, composite soil is covered new varieties hybridization willow root form 0.4 meter high topsoil, 1 square metre of endosexine soil of every new varieties hybridization willow planting range exceeds on every side 0.2 meter of soil layer, with opening low groove between every capable new varieties hybridization willow, help top layer solonchak salinity drip washing and draining simultaneously;
(3) new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest kind planting management:
The implantation time of shelter forest be annual December to the second year by the end of March, the new varieties hybridization willow that plantation is in hibernation utilizes natural rainfall snow to irrigate, help improving survival rate and reduce the irrigation cost, after spring, weather got warm again after a cold spell, in case condition is fit to and will roots, natural growth was good; After the May in 1 year, at plantation row interplant Tian Qing, sow the blue or green seed in field according to every mu of 6-8 jin amount, sow 3-5 centimetre of back earthing, satisfy the growth requirement of Tian Qing; After Tian Qing grows to October, field green grass or young crops has been gathered in, and it is meter high to prune new varieties hybridization willow side shoot to 2, open 0.8 meter dark circular groove at 1 meter to 1.5 meters of every strain new varieties hybridization Liu Sizhou, the field of harvesting side shoot blue or green and that prune is laid on bottom of trench in the lump, then with the earthen backfill of open loop ditch, and in backfilling process with the alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su gives birth to fertilizer and mixes with backfill soil, backfill back is well planted plant interplant ryegrass seed in new varieties hybridization willow, sow ryegrass seed according to every mu of 6-8 jin amount, sow 3-5 centimetre of back earthing, satisfy perennial ryegrass growth demand; To in May, the 3rd, the lateral bud that new varieties are hybridized in 2 meters on the willow trunk is erased, between plant, on the spot the perennial ryegrass of interplanting is turned in underground, and plantation Tian Qing, the blue or green method for planting of planting in field is identical with the previous year; After Tian Qing grows to October, field green grass or young crops has been gathered in, and it is meter high to prune new varieties hybridization willow side shoot to 3, open 0.8 meter dark circular groove at 1.5 meters to 2 meters of every strain new varieties hybridization Liu Sizhou, the field of harvesting side shoot blue or green and that prune is laid on bottom of trench in the lump, then with the earthen backfill of open loop ditch, and in backfilling process with the alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su gives birth to fertilizer and mixes with backfill soil, backfill back is well planted plant interplant ryegrass seed in new varieties hybridization willow, sow ryegrass seed according to every mu of 6-8 jin amount, sow 3-5 centimetre of back earthing, satisfy perennial ryegrass growth demand.
2. coastal beach new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation comprehensive improvement according to claim 1 and 2 saline land method, it is characterized in that: microelement additive is made up of following component in percentage by weight in described: zinc sulphate 2%-5%, borax 2%-5%, ferrous sulfate 5%-15%, ammonium sulfate 20%-35%, superphosphate 25%-40%, magnesium sulfate 3%-8%, nitrate of lime 3%-10%.
3. coastal beach new varieties hybridization willow shelter forest plantation comprehensive improvement according to claim 1 and 2 saline land method is characterized in that: in the step (2) alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su give birth to fertilizer when mixing with the top layer earthing three's weight ratio be 1:0.5 ~ 3:1 ~ 5; In the step (3) alkaline land improving material, new varieties hybridization Liu Su give birth to fertilizer when mixing with the top layer earthing three's weight ratio be 1:0.5 ~ 3:1 ~ 5.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN102812843A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-12 | 滨州学院 | Comprehensive matching technology for constructing road shelter forests in heavy saline-alkali soil sections of coastal areas |
| CN102870591A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-01-16 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Wind and sand prevention method of young fruit trees by interplanting crops |
| CN103314747A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-25 | 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 | Coastal mudflat cultivation method for one hundred saline-alkali intolerant tree species |
| CN103733823A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-23 | 柯正光 | Plant plantation method for coastal saline and alkaline land |
| CN105393893A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-03-16 | 台州市椒江区林业特产总站 | Constructing and building method for non-suitable-for-forestry new diked tidal flat coast protection forest backbone shelterbelt |
| CN108293349A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-07-20 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | The water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum is interplanted on salt-soda soil |
| CN109041625A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-21 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | The method for repairing Salinized Grassland |
| CN109392345A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-01 | 扬州大学 | A method of improving soil anatonosis detergency ability |
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| CN108293349A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-07-20 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | The water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum is interplanted on salt-soda soil |
| CN109041625A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-21 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | The method for repairing Salinized Grassland |
| CN109392345A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-01 | 扬州大学 | A method of improving soil anatonosis detergency ability |
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