CN102248112B - Stirring friction riveting device and method for light metal plate - Google Patents
Stirring friction riveting device and method for light metal plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102248112B CN102248112B CN 201110155803 CN201110155803A CN102248112B CN 102248112 B CN102248112 B CN 102248112B CN 201110155803 CN201110155803 CN 201110155803 CN 201110155803 A CN201110155803 A CN 201110155803A CN 102248112 B CN102248112 B CN 102248112B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/027—Setting rivets by friction heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stirring friction riveting device for a light metal plate. The stirring friction riveting device comprises a riveting device, rivets, a plate clamp ring, a piston rod which is positioned in a die opening, and a rotatable rivet clamping device, rivets and dies which are positioned in the plate clamp ring, wherein the plate clamp ring is a hollow circular ring; each rivet comprises a rivet body and a rivet top; and each rivet body comprises a clamping rod, a rivet cap and a hollow rivet body. Friction is generated between the rivets and the riveted plate due to the high-speed rotation of the rivets, the riveted plate is softened by using heat generated by the friction, the feeding resistance of the rivets is lowered to make the rivets pierce the riveted plate under relatively low pressure, and mechanical interlocking is formed between the rivets and the riveted plate under the ejection action of a piston type die and the piston rod, so that light metal alloy plates can be mechanically connected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material rivet welding technical field, be specially a kind of agitating friction riveting set and clinching method of light metal sheet material.
Background technology
Along with development economic and society, the energy shortage problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, and energy savings has become one of major issue that people are concerned about most.The energy that transportation and communication uses has occupied a big chunk that total energy consumes, and body lightening is to reduce the important channel that energy source of car consumes.
In order to alleviate car body weight, can increase the use amount of light metal alloy in the manufacturing and designing in the process of automobile, as light metal alloys such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloys in the use amount of auto industry field in continuous expansion.Interconnection technique is to enlarge the key technology that light metal alloy is used.At present, the interconnection technique of light metal alloy sheet material has resistance spot welding (Resistance Spot Welding), stir friction spot welding (Friction Stir Spot Welding), solid-state riveted joint (Solid Riveting), staking meets (Blind Riveting), stir the friction staking and connect (Friction Stir Blind Riveting) and self-piercing riveting multiple (lists of references: 1:Dalong Gao such as (Self-piercing Riveting), Ugur Ersoy, Robin Stevenson, Pei-Chung Wang. A new one-sided joining process for aluminum alloys:friction stir blind riveting. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 2009,131:061002-1-12).
Because light metal alloy has high conduction, thermal conductivity mostly, and in welding process, be easy to form factor such as oxide layer, traditional spot-welding technology and stir and rub welding technology and be not suitable for being connected of they; Solid-state riveted joint and staking connect then to need to punch in advance and just can rivet, and are not suitable for mass production fast; Stirring friction staking connects and still is in conceptual phase, also is difficult to be applied to reality at present.
Self-punching riveting technology is a kind of newer sheet metal interconnection technique; the deficiency that it exists in the time of overcoming traditional welding technology at connection light metal alloy material, unlike material sheet material and scribble protective layer sheet material is (referring to list of references 2:XiaocongHe; IanPearson; KenYoung. Self-pierce riveting for sheet materials:State of the art. Journal of materials processing technology. 2008; 199:27-36), be a MACHINERY JOINT that in the vehicle body manufacturing, is widely used.Self-piercing riveting is that a cold deformation connects technology.During riveted joint, to be placed on the small mould that is provided with tapered boss in and compress by riveted joint sheet material, by drift a semi-hollow steel rivet is pressed into sheet material, rivet enters lower plywood after penetrating top plate, and in mould, make the hollow parts dilatating and deformable of rivet under the effect of tapered boss, form mechanical interlocked (referring to list of references 2), in the self-piercing riveting process, the material of riveted joint place will stand very big local deformation, and is particularly all the more so in riveted joint place of lower plywood.This metal material that just requires to be riveted will have certain plasticity and deformability at normal temperatures, otherwise riveted joint place cracking will occur and influence joint performance.For example, when using self-punching riveting technology to connect deformed aluminum alloy plate, can obtain to have the riveted joint of good shearing and fatigue behaviour, but when being used for connecting the not high Birmasil of toughness and magnesium alloy plate, then sheet material is easy to embrittlement takes place and forms crackle, causes the riveted joint failure.The embrittlement of low toughness sheet material when heating can be avoided self-piercing riveting to a certain extent, still, heating process has not only increased the riveted joint time, but also will be equipped with firing equipment, has increased the riveted joint cost.In addition, the employed mould of self-piercing riveting also will be adjusted according to kind and the thickness of riveted joint sheet material, has only the volume of selection and the suitable mould of tapered boss height, could obtain desirable riveted joint effect.
In disclosed Chinese invention patent application, have a key name to be called the application for a patent for invention of ' dash certainly friction rivet welding connecting device (publication number: CN101817142A) ', device comprises that driving needle, blank holder, annular guide channel, circular orientation spring, semitubular rivet and the structure that can rotate at a high speed are similar to the round mould of cavity that the middle part of using in the self-punching riveting technology has tapered boss.Should be from the rivet welding process of dashing the friction rivet welding connecting device, be to make semitubular rivet rotate into sheet material to be riveted by the groove that driving needle is inserted rivet head, rivet enters lower plywood after penetrating top plate, and in mould, make the hollow parts of rivet expand outwardly distortion under the effect of tapered boss, form mechanical interlockedly, realize riveted joint, simultaneously, because the effect of friction heating is also had certain welding effect between rivet and the quilt riveted joint sheet material.But there is deficiency in this rivet welding mode, from the rivet welding process of this technology as can be seen: rivet and be rivet still is in the process of rotation at a high speed, to carry out and finish by forming process (that is: the dilatating and deformable process of rivet in mould) mechanical interlocked between the riveted joint sheet material, and the high speed of rivet rotation is to insert the groove of rivet head and driven by the rotation of driving needle by driving needle to realize, therefore, the rivet stability of rotation is not high, occurs swing easily.When the axial symmetry of the small sway of rivet or rivet itself is not high, all will cause rivet phenomenon in entering the process of sheet material, to occur stirring, make rivet and formed bigger gap between the riveted joint sheet material, thereby influence mechanical interlocked effect and welding effect between sheet material and the rivet, finally influence the mechanical property of riveted joint.This shows, utilize the stable jointing of this rivet welding mode obtained performance, just must strengthen the machining accuracy of rivet stability of rotation and raising rivet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, proposed a kind of agitating friction riveting set and clinching method of light metal sheet material.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of agitating friction riveting set of light metal sheet material comprises riveting set and rivet, and it also comprises the plate hold-down ring, be positioned at rotatable rivet clamping device, rivet, the mould of plate hold-down ring and be positioned at the piston rod of die hole; Described plate hold-down ring is a hollow annulus; Described rivet comprises rivet body and rivet top; The rivet body comprises supporting rod, rivet cap and tubular rivet body; One of the rivet body is provided with the rivet cap, described rivet cap is provided with supporting rod, described supporting rod is by the clamping of rotatable rivet clamping device, can rotate with rivet clamping device one superhigh speed, the below of described rivet cap is fixedly connected with the tubular rivet body, be provided with hollow parts in the middle of the described tubular rivet body, tubular rivet body lower end inner periphery is provided with lozenges, and tubular rivet body below apical grafting has the rivet top; Described mould is a round piston hole, is provided with a piston rod in the described piston hole, and the head of piston rod is provided with a circular platform type pit.
The middle part of rivet top and the lozenges of tubular rivet body lower end are suitable.
The round pit of described piston rod head is rounding bench-type pit.
Described rivet clamping device is divided into left and right sides two parts, respectively is provided with a vertical groove that is used for clamping rivet supporting rod in the middle of the two parts of the left and right sides.
The diameter of described rivet supporting rod is not more than 0.5 times of tubular rivet body diameter.
The present invention relates to a kind of sheet metal agitating friction clinching method that adopts above-mentioned riveting set, before the riveted joint, rivet grip is held on the rivet clamping device in the sheet material hold-down ring, the relative mould that is provided with the sheet material hold-down ring, the middle part of mould is provided with a circular piston hole, cooperates in the piston hole to be provided with piston rod; Rivet comprises rivet body and rivet top, and the end of rivet top is inserted into the hollow parts of rivet, and the middle part of rivet top and the lozenges of tubular rivet body lower end are suitable;
The riveted joint step is as follows:
The first step, with sheet material to be riveted stack be placed on mould above, extract piston rod in right amount out, go up rivet with the rivet holder folder;
Second step, with the sheet material hold-down ring sheet material to be riveted is compressed, assurance sheet material and die location are fixed, start drive unit, rivet is rotated at a high speed, and approach downwards by riveted joint sheet material, when rivet touches sheet material, rub with sheet material with the rivet top of rivet one superhigh speed rotation, the heat that friction produces will be to being implemented local heat by riveted joint sheet material, and sheet material is softened;
The 3rd step, continue the application of force, make rivet pass upper and lower sheet material, and enter sheet material fully, the head of rivet and being entered by the material that rivet ejects in the round piston hole of mould;
The 4th step, stop the rotation, continue to keep putting on the pressure of rivet, and promote immediately piston rod upwards extruding enter material and the rivet of mould, in this process, the rivet top is pressed in the shaft of rivet, and the hollow parts of rivet expands distortion, make between rivet and the following sheet material form mechanical interlocked, thereby the upper and lower sheet material that will be riveted links together tightly;
The 5th step, unclamp the rivet clamping device, upwards promote material hold-down ring and clamping device;
At last, the supporting rod excision with rivet forms final riveted joint.
Described riveted joint step in second and third step the rotary speed in rivet when rotation be not less than 2000 commentaries on classics/min.
On the basis of having used for reference self-punching riveting technology mechanical connection mechanism, the present invention has designed a kind of novel rivet, high speed rotation by rivet, make it and formed friction between the riveted joint sheet material, utilize fricative heat softening by riveted joint sheet material, reduce the resistance that feeds of rivet, rivet is pierced through under the effect of less pressure by riveted joint sheet material, and under the roof pressure of removable tray mould involved in the present invention and piston rod, make rivet and mechanical interlocked by formation between the riveted joint sheet material, realize the mechanical connection to light metal alloy sheet material.
Rivet involved in the present invention comprises: supporting rod, rivet cap, the shaft of rivet and top.Use the rivet of this structure that following advantage is arranged: at first, rivet adopts supporting rod, and rotation at a high speed can make the rotation of rivet more reliable and more stable under the clamping of rivet clamping device, the situation that rivet and rivet holder come off can not take place; Secondly, after entering by riveted joint sheet material fully, rivet stops the rotation, after this under the roof pressure of piston rod, the rivet top enters in the shaft of rivet, makes the hollow parts dilatating and deformable of rivet, forms mechanical interlocked, because the forming process of interlocking is to finish under the static state of rivet, therefore, the gap can not occurred between rivet and the quilt riveted joint sheet material, the two is in conjunction with tight; The 3rd, after the top enters the shaft of rivet, the hollow parts of rivet is filled up fully, because the intensity of heading material is higher, it has supporting role very doughtily to the shaft of rivet of dilatating and deformable, under external force, be difficult for contraction distortion, thereby, rivet and by riveted joint mechanical interlocked more reliable between the sheet material, riveted joint better effects if.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of rivet of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the view before the present invention rivets;
Fig. 3 is job step schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of riveted joint back joint.
The specific embodiment
The used steel rivet of clinching method of the present invention comprises rivet body and rivet top 4 as shown in Figure 1, and the rivet body comprises supporting rod 11, rivet cap 12, tubular rivet body 13, connects successively from top to bottom.The diameter of rivet cap 12 equals the twice of tubular rivet body 13 external diameters; Supporting rod 11 is used for the clamping rivet, make rivet can with the rotating shaft one superhigh speed rotation of drive unit, the diameter of supporting rod 11 is not more than 0.5 times of tubular rivet body 13 external diameters so that clamping and processing, after the riveted joint process is finished with its excision; Rivet cap 12 is used for upwards withstanding the rivet holder on the drive unit when the clamping rivet, in order to avoid rivet upwards slides when the riveted joint application of force, and after riveted joint is finished, play the role of fastening at joint; Be hollow parts 15 in the middle of the tubular rivet body 13, one week of bottom is lozenges; Combination is relative tight between rivet top 4 and the tubular rivet body 13, can rotate with tubular rivet body 13 1 superhigh speeds.Rivet top 4 comprises top and head, and top end diameter equals the internal diameter of tubular rivet body, can put into the hollow parts 15 of the shaft of rivet, and at regular intervals with hollow parts 15 tops.The middle part of rivet top 4 is a circle inclined plane, and adaptive and roof pressure together with the lozenges of tubular rivet body 13 bottoms; The diameter of the head of rivet top 4 equates that with the external diameter of the shaft of rivet its length is advisable with the hollow parts that can enter the shaft of rivet under the external force extruding fully.Because the head diameter of top 4 enters in the process of tubular rivet body at it greater than the internal diameter of tubular rivet body 13, can cause tubular rivet body 13 to expand distortion, make rivet and formed mechanical interlocked between the riveted joint sheet material.In addition, the hollow parts 15 of the shaft of rivet can be filled up or only stay very little gap fully in rivet top 4 after entering the shaft of rivet.
As shown in Figure 2 be the view of the present invention before riveting.Be followed successively by from top to bottom: rivet holder 1, sheet material hold-down ring 2, rivet 3; The steel mould 7 that the last sheet material 5 of being riveted and following sheet material 6, middle part are provided with a round piston hole; Head has the steel piston rod 8 of a round groove 16.The drive unit of riveting set comprises rotating shaft, and roller end is connected with rivet holder 1.Rivet holder 1 is divided into left and right sides two parts, and its end, lower end is chamfered edge platform shape, respectively is provided with a vertical groove in the middle of the two parts of the left and right sides, when two parts separate, the supporting rod 11 on the rivet cap 12 can be put into groove, when two parts close, supporting rod 11 can be clamped.
The course of work of present embodiment is shown in Fig. 3 (a) ~ (d), and concrete riveted joint process is as follows:
The first step, will by the riveted joint sheet material 5 and 6 be placed on mould 7 above, extract piston rod 8 in right amount out; Simultaneously, go up rivet 3 with rivet holder 1 folder;
In second step, will go up sheet material 5 with sheet material hold-down ring 2 and compress with following sheet material 6.Start drive unit, make rivet 3 rotation at a high speed, the rivet rotary speed should be not less than 2000 rev/mins.If adopt higher rotary speed, to improving the frictional heat effect, effectively softening by riveted joint sheet material, it is favourable to shorten the riveted joint time.Approach downwards and go up sheet material 5, when rivet 3 touches sheet material 5, will implement local heat to last sheet material 5 and following sheet material 6 with rivet body one superhigh speed the rivet top 4 that rotates and the heat that last sheet material 5 frictions produce, sheet material is softened;
The 3rd step, continue the application of force, make rivet 3 pierce through sheet material 5 and following sheet material 6, and enter sheet material 5 and following sheet material 6 fully, the head of rivet 3 and being entered by the material that rivet 3 ejects in the round piston hole of mould 7;
The 4th step, stop the rotation, continue to keep putting on the pressure of rivet 3, and promote immediately piston rod 8 upwards extruding enter material and the rivet 3 of mould 7, in this process, rivet top 4 is pressed in the tubular rivet body 13, makes tubular rivet body 13 expand distortion, and formation is mechanical interlocked between rivet 3 and following sheet material 6, thereby the last sheet material that will be riveted 5 and following sheet material 6 link together tightly.Rivet 3 is in entering the process of sheet material, and itself also is heated, and therefore, rivet top 4 is pressed into the little of tubular rivet body 13 required pressure; Meanwhile, enter the extruding that material in the piston hole is subjected to piston rod 8, because steel piston rod 8 heads have a round groove 16, make material form one through the moulding riveted joint cap of mould 7 and round groove 16.Because the effect of frictional heat, the material temperature that enters mould 7 is higher, that is to say, the deformation process of these materials in mould 7 is to carry out under the situation of heating, therefore, even what riveted is the sheet metal of low toughness, the embrittlement phenomenon that causes because of distortion can not appear generally yet.
At last, the supporting rod excision with rivet 3 forms final riveted joint, as shown in Figure 4.
Claims (10)
1. the agitating friction riveting set of a light metal sheet material, comprise riveting set and rivet, it is characterized in that: it also comprises the plate hold-down ring, be positioned at rotatable rivet clamping device, rivet, the mould of plate hold-down ring and be positioned at the piston rod of die hole; Described plate hold-down ring is a hollow annulus; Described rivet comprises rivet body and rivet top; The rivet body comprises supporting rod, rivet cap and tubular rivet body; One of the rivet body is provided with the rivet cap, described rivet cap is provided with supporting rod, described supporting rod is by the clamping of rotatable rivet clamping device, can rotate with rivet clamping device one superhigh speed, the below of described rivet cap is fixedly connected with the tubular rivet body, be provided with hollow parts in the middle of the described tubular rivet body, tubular rivet body lower end inner periphery is provided with lozenges, and tubular rivet body below apical grafting has the rivet top; Described mould is a circular piston hole, is provided with a piston rod in the described piston hole, and the head of piston rod is provided with a circular platform type pit.
2. light metal sheet material agitating friction riveting set according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the middle part of rivet top and the lozenges of tubular rivet body lower end are suitable.
3. light metal sheet material agitating friction riveting set according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the circular platform type pit of described piston rod head is rounding bench-type pit.
4. light metal sheet material agitating friction riveting set according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described rivet clamping device is divided into left and right sides two parts, respectively is provided with a vertical groove that is used for clamping rivet supporting rod in the middle of the two parts of the left and right sides.
5. light metal sheet material agitating friction riveting set according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described rivet supporting rod is not more than 0.5 times of tubular rivet body diameter.
6. light metal sheet material agitating friction riveting set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the circular platform type pit of described piston rod head is rounding bench-type pit.
7. light metal sheet material agitating friction riveting set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rivet clamping device is divided into left and right sides two parts, respectively is provided with a vertical groove that is used for clamping rivet supporting rod in the middle of the two parts of the left and right sides.
8. light metal sheet material agitating friction riveting set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described rivet supporting rod is not more than 0.5 times of tubular rivet body diameter.
9. light metal sheet material agitating friction clinching method that adopts the arbitrary described riveting set of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: before the riveted joint, rivet grip is held on the rivet clamping device in the sheet material hold-down ring, the relative mould that is provided with the sheet material hold-down ring, the middle part of mould is provided with a circular piston hole, cooperates in the piston hole to be provided with piston rod; Rivet comprises rivet body and rivet top, and the end of rivet top is inserted into the hollow parts of rivet, and the middle part of rivet top and the lozenges of tubular rivet body lower end are suitable;
The riveted joint step is as follows:
The first step, with sheet material to be riveted stack be placed on mould above, extract piston rod in right amount out, go up rivet with the rivet holder folder;
Second step, with the sheet material hold-down ring sheet material to be riveted is compressed, assurance sheet material and die location are fixed, start drive unit, rivet is rotated at a high speed, and approach downwards by riveted joint sheet material, when rivet touches sheet material, rub with sheet material with the rivet top of rivet one superhigh speed rotation, the heat that friction produces will be to being implemented local heat by riveted joint sheet material, and sheet material is softened;
The 3rd step, continue the application of force, make rivet pass upper and lower sheet material, and enter sheet material fully, the head of rivet and being entered by the material that rivet ejects in the circular piston hole of mould;
The 4th step, stop the rotation, continue to keep putting on the pressure of rivet, and promote immediately piston rod upwards extruding enter material and the rivet of mould, in this process, the rivet top is pressed in the shaft of rivet, and the hollow parts of rivet expands distortion, make between rivet and the following sheet material form mechanical interlocked, thereby the upper and lower sheet material that will be riveted links together tightly;
The 5th step, unclamp the rivet clamping device, upwards promote material hold-down ring and clamping device;
At last, the supporting rod excision with rivet forms final riveted joint.
10. the agitating friction clinching method of light metal sheet material according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described riveted joint step in second and third step the rotary speed during the rivet rotation be not less than 2000 commentaries on classics/min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110155803 CN102248112B (en) | 2011-06-10 | 2011-06-10 | Stirring friction riveting device and method for light metal plate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110155803 CN102248112B (en) | 2011-06-10 | 2011-06-10 | Stirring friction riveting device and method for light metal plate |
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| CN102248112A CN102248112A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| CN102248112B true CN102248112B (en) | 2013-07-10 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102518630A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Engineering ceramic structure connection method on basis of titanium alloy rivets |
| CN102615508A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-08-01 | 郑州大学 | Metal plate rotating friction riveting method |
| DE102012008798B4 (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2016-01-14 | Johnson Controls Gmbh | Method of joining and connecting element |
| CN103240564B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2016-04-13 | 上海交通大学 | Machinery-solid phase composite connecting device and attaching method thereof |
| US9381563B2 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-07-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method for joining workpieces |
| CN108162421B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2023-05-16 | 吉林大学 | Self-punching salix sticking device and salix sticking method for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and alloy plate |
| DE102018114982A1 (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-12-24 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connecting element and component connection, and method for producing the same |
| GB201812641D0 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-09-19 | Henrob Ltd | Riveting method |
| CN111037500A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-21 | 东莞市安石金属科技有限公司 | Building block assembling equipment |
| CN112855816B (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2022-10-11 | 浙江奇碟汽车零部件有限公司 | Detect frock of friction riveting intensity |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6769595B2 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2004-08-03 | Alcoa Inc. | Friction plunge riveting |
| CN1555955A (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2004-12-22 | 西北工业大学 | Semisolid superplasticity connecting method of dissimilar metal plate material |
| US7695227B2 (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2010-04-13 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Fastener for attachment by friction stir processing |
| CN101468421A (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-01 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Agitating friction riveting device and riveting method |
| CN101817142A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2010-09-01 | 上海交通大学 | Self-piercing frictional rivet welding connecting device |
| CN101829903B (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2012-08-22 | 上海交通大学 | Single-sided self-piercing friction stub rivet welding device and connection method thereof |
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