CN102242671A

CN102242671A - Double-piston opposed engine

Info

Publication number: CN102242671A
Application number: CN2011100710261A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王捷
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-03-23
Filing date: 2011-03-23
Publication date: 2011-11-16

Abstract

The invention relates to an engine which adopts a single-cylinder double-piston top end opposed scheme, and two crank shafts are correspondingly arranged. The middle of an air cylinder is provided with two air holes for air intake and air exhaust; an air cylinder sleeve in the air cylinder is separated into two, can move and is driven by a cam shaft to move outward, the air holes for air intake and air exhaust are remained to realize air intake and air exhaust; improvement is carried out further on the basis, one crank shaft is rotated through a connecting rod mechanism, thus the phase of the crank shaft with other crank shaft is mismatched, a phase difference is generated, further two pistons can not reach the compression stop simultaneously, thus the variable compression ratio is realized; and when the pistons approach the compression point and included angles between the two pistons and a central line of the air cylinder are equal, the compression volume is minimum.

Description

The opposed motor of double-piston

Technical field

The present invention relates to reciprocating engine.

Background technique

Reciprocating engine is with a long history, be widely used, technology maturation, but human requirement is endless.Human always wish to start the minimum oil of machine burning, run that the longest road, volume are little, in light weight, power is big, tail gas pollution is low.Therefore, constantly there is new technology to be applied on the reciprocating engine.V-type engine has alleviated weight, EFI and stratified combustion and has improved combustion efficiency, many valves and air valve variation lift technology and promoted high speed performance, and it is also day by day ripe to become compression ratio technique.Along with the arrival of oil crisis, the requirement higher, constantly have new technology, new material is applied to reciprocating engine to exhaust emissions.

Summary of the invention

The motor that the present invention relates to adopts the opposed scheme in single cylinder double-piston top, correspondingly two bent axles are arranged.Open two groups of pores in the centre of cylinder and be used for inlet and outlet.Cylinder liner in the cylinder is divided into two.Cylinder liner can move, and outwards moves by the camshaft actuated cylinder liner, and inlet and outlet are realized in the inlet and outlet hole in the middle of abdicating.

Do on this basis further to improve, rotate wherein bent axle, make it the out-phase with another root bent axle, produce phase difference, and then make two pistons can not arrive the compression stop simultaneously, thereby realize variable compression ratio by linkage mechanism.When the approaching compression of piston stop, when two piston rods equate with the angle of cylinder centerline, the compression volume minimum.Become compression ratio and can improve the efficient of motor when different operating mode, adapt to the oil plant of different labels.

Compare with the existing piston motor, motor of the present invention is owing to adopt the double-piston motion, under identical air displacement, piston stroke can reduce half, therefore can improve engine speed by the mode that improves piston movement speed, and then improved the output power of motor, just improved unit air displacement power ratio.The minimizing of piston stroke makes that also crank throw has reduced, but because two bent axles are arranged, from the angle of power-weight ratio ratio, engine modifications of the present invention is little.Replace to increase the valve area by mobile cylinder liner, improve the inlet, outlet condition, improve the high speed performance of motor into and out of air valve.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1, the opposed petrol engine plan view of double-piston

Fig. 2, the opposed petrol engine plan view of double-piston

Fig. 3, the opposed petrol engine plan view of double-piston cylinder part subsection

Fig. 4, the opposed petrol engine plan view of double-piston cylinder sectional drawing

Fig. 5, the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston plan view

Fig. 6, the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston plan view

Fig. 7, the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston become the compression ratio schematic representation

Fig. 8, the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston become the compression ratio piston schematic representation

Fig. 9, the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston small gear become the compression ratio schematic representation

Figure 10, the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston small gear become the compression ratio piston schematic representation

Figure 11, the opposed diesel engine plan view of double-piston cylinder part subsection

Figure 12, the opposed diesel engine plan view of double-piston cylinder sectional drawing

Legend:

1, power output shaft

2, gear fixed block

3, gear

4, cylinder

5, crankcase

6, piston rod

7, cylinder sleeve

8, bent axle

9, camshaft support

10, camshaft

11, outlet pipe

12, suction tude

13, cylinder sleeve push rod

14, inlet hole

15, exhaust port

16, spring

17, spark plug

18, cylinder wall

19, piston

20, air cylinder cooling channel

21, main crankshaft

22, master gear

23, main drive gear

24, from bent axle

25, from gear

26, from driving gear

27, half movable rod

28, control angular pole

29, controlling rod

30, main piston

31, from piston

32, oil sprayer

33, subsidiary combustion chamber

34, subsidiary combustion chamber passage

Embodiment

Mode of execution one: (Fig. 1-4)

Fig. 1 is the opposed petrol engine plan view of double-piston, and Fig. 2 is the opposed petrol engine plan view of double-piston.Fig. 3 is the opposed petrol engine plan view of a double-piston cylinder part subsection, and Fig. 4 is the opposed petrol engine plan view of a double-piston cylinder sectional drawing.

Cylinder 4 traverses have 19, two pistons of two pistons, 19 tops that the top is placed in each cylinder 4.Two pistons 19 link to each other with two bent axles 8 by two piston rods 6 respectively.Two crankcases 5 of bent axle 8 overcoats.Two bent axles 8 are by 3 interlocks of one group of gear, and these group gear 3 usefulness gear fixed blocks 2 are fixing.Power output shaft 1 links to each other with one of them gear 3.Two cylinder liner 7 are arranged in each cylinder 4, and cylinder liner 7 can outwards move.There are 4 camshafts 10 outside of cylinder 4, upper and lower each two.Camshaft 10 usefulness camshaft supports 9 are fixed on cylinder 4 outsides near two ends.Camshaft 10 promotes cylinder sleeve push rod 13, and cylinder sleeve push rod 13 promotes cylinder sleeve 7 and outwards moves.Spring 16 is used for cylinder sleeve push rod 13 and cylinder sleeve 7 are resetted outside cylinder sleeve push rod 13.There is outlet pipe 11, suction tude 12 each two outside of cylinder 4 near middle place.Respectively there are an outlet pipe 11 and suction tude 12 cylinder 4 top, following.Outlet pipe 11, suction tude 12 homonymies are placed.Cylinder 4 is had through hole by the place that air inlet and exhaust piper covers, and one group of through hole that outlet pipe 11 covers is an exhaust port 15, and one group of through hole that suction tude 12 covers is an inlet hole 14.Dotted portion is represented to have an X-rayed the inlet and outlet hole of seeing from air inlet and exhaust piper among Fig. 1.Spark plug 17 is placed on the centre of cylinder 4.Exhaust port 15 is near middle, and inlet hole 14 departs from middle a bit of distance.Air cylinder cooling channel 20 is arranged in the cylinder wall 18.

Suction stroke: two pistons 19 leave cylinder 4 central positions, outwards move.Two camshafts in left side 10 promote left side cylinder sleeve push rod 13, and left side cylinder sleeve push rod 13 promotes left side cylinder sleeve 7 and outwards moves, and exposes inlet hole 14.The suction tude 12 in left side is communicated with cylinder 4, and is air-breathing.(this paper is referred to as outer dead point with air-breathing stop, the expansion stop of piston when piston 19 arrives outer dead point, to compress stop, the exhaust stop is referred to as inner dead point) time, the tip of left cam axle 10 has turned over left side cylinder sleeve push rod 13, left side spring 16 promotes left side cylinder sleeve push rod 13 and moves inward, left side cylinder sleeve push rod 13 promotes left side cylinder sleeve 7 and moves inward, block inlet hole 14, finished suction stroke.

Compression stroke: two pistons 19 move from export-oriented cylinder 4 centers, to inner dead point.Camshaft 10 does not arrive trigger position, and cylinder sleeve 7 is motionless.

Expansion stroke: spark plug 17 igniting, the burning of the fuel-air mixture body of compression, expansion in the cylinder 4 promote two pistons 19 and outwards move.Piston 19 drives two bent axles 8 and rotates, and two bent axles 8 send power to power output shaft 1 by gear 3.Piston 19 arrives outer dead point.Camshaft 10 does not arrive trigger position, and cylinder sleeve 7 is motionless.

Exhaust stroke: two camshafts 10 in right side forward trigger position to, promote right side cylinder sleeve push rod 13, and right side cylinder sleeve push rod 13 promotes right side cylinder sleeve 7 and outwards moves, and exposes exhaust port 15.The outlet pipe 11 on right side is communicated with exhaust with cylinder 4.When piston 19 arrives inner dead point, the tip of right cam axle 10 has turned over right side cylinder sleeve push rod 13, and right side spring 16 promotes right side cylinder sleeve push rod 13 and moves inward, and right side cylinder sleeve push rod 13 promotes right side cylinder sleeve 7 and moves inward, block exhaust port 15, finished exhaust stroke.

Mode of execution two: (Fig. 5-10)

Fig. 5 is the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of a double-piston plan view, Fig. 6 is the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of a double-piston plan view, Fig. 7 is that the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston becomes the compression ratio schematic representation, Fig. 8 is that the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston becomes the compression ratio piston schematic representation, Fig. 9 is that the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston small gear becomes the compression ratio schematic representation, and Figure 10 is that the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston small gear becomes the compression ratio piston schematic representation.

The petrolic cylinder of the opposed variable compression ratio of double-piston, crankshaft structure are the same with the opposed petrol engine of double-piston, and difference is on the structure of gear train.The petrolic gear train of the opposed variable compression ratio of double-piston not only will be finished the power transmission task, also will finish the variable compression ratio task.

As main crankshaft 21, main crankshaft 21 is responsible for the outside outputs of power with a bent axle of motor.Another root bent axle conduct is from bent axle 24.Master gear 22 is housed on the main crankshaft 21, is equipped with from gear 25 from bent axle 24.Master gear 22 and from two gears are housed between the gear 25, near master gear 22 be main drive gear 23, close is from driving gear 26 from gear 25.These four gears are trapezoidal placement, master gear 22, from gear 25 on trapezoidal parallel lines, main drive gear 23, from driving gear 26 on another trapezoidal parallel lines.Connect with half movable rod 27 between master gear 22, the main drive gear 23.One end of half movable rod 27 is enclosed within on the main crankshaft 21, and the other end is enclosed within on the axle of main drive gear 23.Main drive gear 23 can rotate around master gear 22.From gear 25, the same from structure and master gear 22, the main drive gear 23 of driving gear 26, can be from driving gear 26 around rotating from gear 25.Main drive gear 23 is connected with control angular pole 28 from driving gear 26 usefulness T types, and the handle of control angular pole 28 is adorned a controlling rod 29.

Become the compression ratio process: it is motionless to establish main crankshaft 21, and push lever 29 makes control angular pole 28 change an angle clockwise.Main drive gear 23 will rotate counterclockwise an angle around master gear 22, and main drive gear 23 self also can rotate counterclockwise an angle.Owing to link by control angular pole 28 from driving gear 26 and main drive gear 23, self will clockwise rotate an angle A from driving gear 26, simultaneously also can be around rotating counterclockwise an angle B from gear 25 from driving gear 26.Will drive from gear 25 from driving gear 26 and to rotate counterclockwise an angle C, C=A+B.Will drive from bent axle 24 from gear 25 and to rotate counterclockwise an angle C, will promote to move a distance from piston 31 from bent axle 24.Retentive control bar 29 is motionless, main crankshaft 21 and from individual phase difference C is just arranged between the bent axle 24 always.Main piston 30 and can not arrive inner dead point simultaneously from piston 31 during engine operation, compression ratio has diminished.When piston near inner dead point, when two piston rods equate with the angle of cylinder centerline, the compression volume minimum.

From the power of bent axle 24 by from gear 25, pass to main crankshaft 21 from driving gear 26, main drive gear 23, master gear 22 and externally do work.

The number of gears that becomes the compression ratio gear train can be above four.The number of gears is many more, and the diameter of gear is just more little, and quality is respectively arranged.The number of gears is few, and structure is just simple, the transmission efficiency height; Gear diameter is little, and is in light weight, and inertia is little.

Fig. 9, Figure 10 are the number of gears that becomes the compression ratio gear train change compression ratio schematic representation into six.

Mode of execution three: (Figure 11-12)

Figure 11 is the opposed diesel engine plan view of a double-piston cylinder part subsection, and Figure 12 is the opposed diesel engine plan view of a double-piston cylinder sectional drawing.

The opposed petrol engine of double-piston, the opposed variable compression ratio petrol engine of double-piston are done some changes, remove cylinder and place air inlet and exhaust piper and the inlet and outlet hole and the spark plug of spark plug one side, replace subsidiary combustion chamber 33, the subsidiary combustion chamber passage 34 of diesel engine in the position of original spark plug, oil sprayer 32 is installed on the subsidiary combustion chamber 33, just can be changed into and be diesel engine work mode.

Claims

1. the engine structure that the present invention showed is applicable to piston type petrol engine and diesel engine, its common characteristic is: each cylinder has two pistons, two piston rods, two bent axles, two piston head are placed the top, open two groups of pores in the centre of cylinder and be used for inlet and outlet, cylinder liner in the cylinder is divided into two, and cylinder liner can move, and outwards moves by the camshaft actuated cylinder liner, inlet and outlet are realized in inlet and outlet hole in the middle of abdicating.

2. another of the engine structure that the present invention showed is characterized as: increase by a cover and become compression ratio mechanism on the basis of claim 1, this mechanism is made up of a control link, control angular pole and a set of gears group, rotate the control angular pole by control link, the gear of control angular pole transmitting gear group one side, gear rotates the bent axle of a side again, make it out-phase with the opposite side bent axle, produce phase difference, and then make two pistons can not arrive the compression stop simultaneously, thereby realize variable compression ratio.