CN102242231B - 利用熔融炉渣生产平板型无机非金属材料的方法 - Google Patents

利用熔融炉渣生产平板型无机非金属材料的方法 Download PDF

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CN102242231B
CN102242231B CN2010102930613A CN201010293061A CN102242231B CN 102242231 B CN102242231 B CN 102242231B CN 2010102930613 A CN2010102930613 A CN 2010102930613A CN 201010293061 A CN201010293061 A CN 201010293061A CN 102242231 B CN102242231 B CN 102242231B
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molten slag
flat plate
metallic material
slag
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CN102242231A (zh
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王清涛
于先进
赵昕
宫本奎
魏振侠
李月云
明君
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New Financial Group Ltd
Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong Coking Group Co Ltd
Shandong University of Technology
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Priority to CN2010102930613A priority Critical patent/CN102242231B/zh
Priority to TW100132502A priority patent/TWI455894B/zh
Priority to MYPI2013700359A priority patent/MY166778A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2011/079895 priority patent/WO2012041173A1/zh
Priority to UAA201300745A priority patent/UA104686C2/uk
Priority to CA 2806289 priority patent/CA2806289C/en
Priority to US13/820,570 priority patent/US8991212B2/en
Priority to BR112013004103-0A priority patent/BR112013004103B1/pt
Priority to EP11828069.2A priority patent/EP2623614B1/en
Priority to TR2019/01101T priority patent/TR201901101T4/tr
Priority to EA201300076A priority patent/EA022463B1/ru
Priority to KR20137007555A priority patent/KR101394296B1/ko
Priority to PL11828069T priority patent/PL2623614T3/pl
Priority to ES11828069T priority patent/ES2708676T3/es
Priority to AU2011307777A priority patent/AU2011307777B2/en
Priority to JP2013529542A priority patent/JP5658828B2/ja
Priority to MX2013002552A priority patent/MX361864B/es
Priority to SA111320783A priority patent/SA111320783B1/ar
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种利用熔融炉渣生产平板型无机非金属材料的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括的步骤有：使熔融炉渣进入保温调质池且将所述炉渣的温度保持在1450℃-1600℃，并根据制品的要求进行粘度和/或颜色的调整；使调质过的熔融炉渣进入锡或锡合金为载体的浮法生产池，通过浮法制得的平板型无机非金属材料在1000℃-1300℃离开浮法生产池；所述平板型无机非金属材料在600℃-900℃的温度下、在非还原的气氛下保温0.5-2个小时，然后在1-2个小时内逐渐降到室温，得到所述平板型无机非金属材料。本发明为综合利用高炉渣提供了一种节能、高效的途径，所生产的平板型无机非金属材料具有色质稳定、抗磨、耐压、不剥落、膨胀系数小、收缩率小的特性。

Description

利用熔融炉渣生产平板型无机非金属材料的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无机非金属材料领域，更具体地讲，特别涉及一种利用熔融炉渣生产平板型无机非金属材料的方法。
背景技术
钢铁冶金中的废渣产量大、综合利用难，已经开始严重危害环境、制约行业发展。现在对这些废渣的处理路线是：1500-1600摄氏度的炉渣出炉后，用水冷却(生产上谓之水淬)，然后捞渣、干燥、制粉，用于水泥生产，这个工艺只能处理部分废渣，重要的是处理过程产生废水、废气，高炉渣所含有的大量显热不仅被浪费，而且成为危害环境的因素。
现在高炉渣综合利用方面的生产和研究都是针对上述水淬后的废渣，没有办法解决废渣冷却对新鲜水的消耗，不能很好的利用熔渣所含的热能，而且产生二次废物，也没有能力消化所有废渣。
因此，亟待一种可以将大量炉渣变废为宝的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种用熔融炉渣直接进行调质处理，利用浮法生产平板型无机非金属材料的方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种利用熔融炉渣生产平板型无机非金属材料的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括的步骤有：使熔融炉渣进入保温调质池且将所述炉渣的温度保持在1450℃-1600℃，并根据制品的要求进行粘度和/或颜色的调整；使调质过的熔融炉渣进入锡或锡合金为载体的浮法生产池，通过浮法制得的平板型无机非金属材料在1000℃-1300℃离开浮法生产池；所述平板型无机非金属材料在600℃-900℃的温度下、在非还原的气氛下保温0.5-2个小时，然后在1-2个小时内逐渐降到室温，得到所述平板型无机非金属材料。更具体地讲，降温速度优选地可为每分钟5-10℃。
在本发明的实施例中，所述熔融炉渣的成分可为：10-40wt％Al2O3、5-25wt％MgO、10-50wt％SiO2、10-40wt％CaO、0.1-5wt％TiO2、0.1-5wt％FeO、0.1-5wt％MnO。
在本发明的实施例中，粘度调整剂可为粘土、瓷土、磁石、陶土、长石和石英砂中的至少一种，其加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的5-20wt％。颜色调整剂可为Ti、Cr、Ni、Cu、Co、Fe、稀土元素的氧化物、含有所述氧化物的矿石粉末和工业废料中的至少一种，其加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的0-5wt％。
在本发明的实施例中，所述熔融炉渣为冶金反应器中直接排放出的熔融炉渣，或者为重熔的炉渣。
具体实施方式
以下，将详细描述根据本发明的实施例。
本发明的实施例提供了一种利用熔融炉渣生产平板型无机非金属材料的方法，所述熔融炉渣组成成分可为：10-40wt％Al2O3、5-25wt％MgO、10-50wt％SiO2、10-40wt％CaO、0.1-5wt％TiO2、0.1-5wt％FeO、0.1-5wt％MnO。并且，所述熔融炉渣可为冶金反应器中直接排放出来的熔融炉渣，也可以为重新熔炼的炉渣。根据本发明的方法，可直接利用从高炉中排放出的熔融炉渣，既节省了熔化原料的能耗，又避免了高炉渣水淬冷却的水资源消耗和二次废物的产生。
在该方法中，在保温调质池内将熔融炉渣的温度控制在1450℃-1600℃。根据制品的性能、颜色要求，决定如何进行调质处理，其中，所述调质处理包括粘度和/或颜色的调整。
更具体地讲，粘度调整剂可为粘土、瓷土、磁石、陶土、长石和石英砂中的至少一种，其加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的5-20wt％；颜色调整剂可为Ti、Cr、Ni、Cu、Co、Fe的氧化物(例如TiO2、Cr2O3、NiO、CuO、CoO、FeO、Fe2O3等)、含有这些氧化物的矿石粉末和工业废料(例如煤矸石、赤泥)中的至少一种，加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的0-5wt％。
接下来，控制调质过的熔融炉渣进入锡或锡合金为载体的浮法生产池，通过浮法制得的平板型无机非金属材料在1000℃-1300℃离开浮法生产池。
使所述平板型无机非金属材料在600℃-900℃的温度下、在非还原气氛下保温0.5-2个小时，然后在1-2个小时内逐渐降到室温，得到所述平板型无机非金属材料，其中，降温速度可为每分钟5-10℃。如果降温速度过快，会造成制品微观甚至宏观裂纹；如果降温速度过慢，则生产效率会降低。
下面将具体描述本发明的方法的实施例。
实施例1
选用组成为15wt％Al2O3、15wt％MgO、30wt％SiO2、35wt％CaO、1wt％TiO2、2wt％FeO、2wt％MnO的熔融炉渣，在1600℃下加入石英砂调整其粘度和成分，其加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的20wt％。在实施例1中，不加颜色调整剂。然后，使调质过的熔融炉渣进入锡或锡合金为载体的浮法生产池，通过浮法制得的平板型无机非金属材料在1300℃离开浮法生产池。然后，所述平板型无机非金属材料在900℃的温度下、非还原气氛下保温2个小时，然后在2个小时内逐渐降到室温，得到需要尺寸和颜色的平板型无机非金属材料。
实施例2
选用组成为14wt％Al2O3、17wt％MgO、28wt％SiO2、32wt％CaO、1.5wt％TiO2、4wt％FeO、3.5wt％MnO的熔融炉渣，在1500℃下加入磁石调整其粘度和成分，其加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的15wt％。加入氧化铁红进行颜色的调整，加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的5wt％。然后，使调质过的熔融炉渣进入锡或锡合金为载体的浮法生产池，通过浮法制得的平板型无机非金属材料在1200℃离开浮法生产池。然后，所述平板型无机非金属材料在850℃的温度下、非还原气氛下保温1.5个小时，然后在2个小时内逐渐降到室温，得到需要尺寸和颜色的平板型无机非金属材料。
实施例3
选用组成为15wt％Al2O3、15wt％MgO、30wt％SiO2、35wt％CaO、1wt％TiO2、2wt％FeO、2wt％MnO的熔融炉渣，在1450℃下加入陶土调整其粘度和成分，其加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的5wt％。加入氧化铁红进行颜色的调整，加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的2wt％。然后，使调质过的熔融炉渣进入锡或锡合金为载体的浮法生产池，通过浮法制得的平板型无机非金属材料在1000℃离开浮法生产池。然后，所述平板型无机非金属材料在700℃的温度下、非还原气氛下保温2个小时，然后在1.5个小时内逐渐降到室温，得到需要尺寸和颜色的平板型无机非金属材料。
实施例4
选用组成为14wt％Al2O3、17wt％MgO、28wt％SiO2、32wt％CaO、1.5wt％TiO2、4wt％FeO、3.5wt％MnO的熔融炉渣，在1500℃下加入粘土整其粘度和成分，其加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的12wt％。氧化铁红进行颜色的调整，加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的1wt％。然后，使调质过的熔融炉渣进入锡或锡合金为载体的浮法生产池，通过浮法制得的平板型无机非金属材料在1200℃离开浮法生产池。然后，所述平板型无机非金属材料在600℃的温度下、非还原气氛下保温0.5个小时，然后在1个小时内逐渐降到室温，得到需要尺寸和颜色的平板型无机非金属材料。
根据本发明实施例的利用熔融炉渣生产平板型无机非金属的方法有如下优点：
1)为综合利用高炉炉渣开创了一条节能、高效的途径；
2)直接利用高炉排放的熔融炉渣，既节省了融化原料的能耗，又避免了高炉渣水淬冷却的水资源消耗和二次废物的产生；
3)所生产的平板型无机非金属材料具有色质稳定、抗磨、耐压、不剥落、导热系数小、收缩率低的特性。
此外，根据本发明实施例的利用熔融炉渣通过浮法生产平板型无机非金属的方法克服了以下主要困难：(1)温度高，需要重新设计工艺和设备；(2)熔渣粘度远低于玻璃液体，需要加入如二氧化硅的粘度调整剂等。
根据本发明实施例的利用熔融炉渣通过浮法生产的平板型无机非金属制品可以用于建筑、地面、墙体的装饰和装修，也可以通过对还没有固化的制品进行加工得到各种工艺性制品。
本发明不限于上述实施例，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下，可以进行各种变形和修改。

Claims (3)

1.一种利用熔融炉渣生产平板型无机非金属材料的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括的步骤有：
使熔融炉渣进入保温调质池且将所述炉渣的温度保持在1450℃-1600℃，并根据制品的要求进行粘度和/或颜色的调整；
使调质过的熔融炉渣进入锡或锡合金为载体的浮法生产池，通过浮法制得的平板型无机非金属材料在1000℃-1300℃离开浮法生产池；
所述平板型无机非金属材料在600℃-900℃的温度下、在非还原的气氛下保温0.5-2个小时，然后在1-2个小时内逐渐降到室温，得到所述平板型无机非金属材料，
其中，所述熔融炉渣的成分为：10-40wt％Al2O3、5-25wt％MgO、10-50wt％SiO2、10-40wt％CaO、0.1-5wt％TiO2、0.1-5wt％FeO、0.1-5wt％MnO，
粘度调整剂为粘土、瓷土、磁石、陶土中的至少一种，其加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的5-20wt％，
颜色调整剂为Ti、Cr、Ni、Cu、Co、Fe、稀土元素的氧化物、含有所述氧化物的矿石粉末和工业废料中的至少一种，其加入量为熔融炉渣加入量的0-5wt％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，降温速度为每分钟5-10℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述熔融炉渣为冶金反应器中直接排放出的熔融炉渣，或者为重熔的炉渣。
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