Polysulfones nanofibre polymer film and its production and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to each nano fibrous membrane field of electrostatic spinning legal system, the particularly large aperture polysulfones nanofibre polymer film and the application of method of electrostatic spinning preparation, and the electrostatic spinning preparation method of this polysulfones nanofibre polymer film.
Background technology
Contain sulfuryl and aromatic ring on its main chain of polysulfones material, mainly contain bisphenol-a polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyethersulfone ketone, PPSS etc.Because the sulphur atom of sulfuryl is in highest oxidation state, and the sulfuryl both sides have phenyl ring and form and grip system highly altogether, so this class material has good non-oxidizability, heat endurance and high-temperature fusion stability.Polyether sulfone is the special engineering plastics by the exploitation seventies of Britain ICI company, its vitrification point reaches 225 ℃, have excellent physical and mechanical performance, electrical property, resistance to elevated temperatures and chemical stability, be widely used in fields such as electronic apparatus, plant equipment, Aero-Space.The polysulfones material with its excellent comprehensive performance become application early, a class membrane material more widely.Be used for making that nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, micro-filtration, gas separate, the counterdie of composite membrane, PEM, hemodialysis membrane etc.
The chemical constitution of polysulfones and polyether sulfone is
The preparation method of existing above-mentioned diffusion barrier has sintering process, nuclear track etching method, high humility revulsion, immersion precipitation phase inversion, thermally induced phase separation and control evaporation etc., wherein the aperture of the diffusion barrier of first three methods preparation is 0.1~10 μ m, the scope that belongs to micro-filtration is used for the degerming of food and pharmaceuticals industry beverage and pharmaceutical products and purification etc.Then three kinds of methods are phase inversion, and the film that obtains is the asymmetric membrane with dense layer surface and porous separating layer, and the aperture is about 1~100nm, is mainly used in fields such as dairy products, food, water treatment.Up to the present, nearly all polysulfones film all is to prepare by phase inversion.ZL200510031066.8 adopts the immersion precipitation phase inversion to prepare the special-purpose film of wide-aperture poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane as membrane bioreactor.CN1579603 adopts dried-wet spinning silk technology to prepare the polyether sulfone hollow-fibre membrane, and this film is used for haemodialysis effect preferably.Barzin (Barzin J, Feng C, Khulbe K C, Matsuura T, Madaeni S S, Mirzadeh H, Charaeterization ofPolyethersulfone hemodialysis membrane by ultrafiltration and atomic forcemicroscopy, J Membr Sci, 2004,237:77-85.) with polyether sulfone/polyethylene pyrrole alkane ketone/dimethylacetylamide ternary spinning solution prepared the doughnut hemodialysis membrane, found that the film through 150 ℃ of air heat treatment 5min is suitable for haemodialysis most.Qin (Qin JJ, Oo M H, Li Y, Development ofhigh flux polyethersulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes from a lowcritical solution temperature dope via hypochlorite treatment, J Membr Sci, 2005,247:137-142.) etc. adopt polyether sulfone/polyethylene pyrrole alkane ketone/dimethylacetylamide/1, the 2-propane diols is formed the casting solution with low critical consolute temperature and has been prepared the polyether sulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane, film is through the hypochlorous acid solution-treated, remove the residual polyethylene pyrrole of part alkane ketone, obtain having the high flux of dense thin cortex, the poly (ether sulfone) film of high BSA rejection.The polysulfones film purposes of above-mentioned phase inversion preparation is more extensive, but its preparation process more complicated needs to experience post processing in the process of using.
Electrostatic spinning technique is quick, easy, an easy to operate and various informative technology of producing nanofiber, it is that Polymer Solution or melt are under the high voltage electric field effect, solution or melt are subjected to electrostatic interaction and stretch, and obtain the superfine nano fiber through solvent evaporates or cooling.Utilize electrostatic spinning technique can be used for preparing various high polymer nanometer fiber membrane materials.US2004185737,20050014252, electrostatic spinnings such as the biodegradable PLA of employings such as US20030215624, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate, polyamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone are prepared into superfine fibre film.
It is big that the superfine fibre of this technology preparation has specific area, the porosity height, and the fiber footpath is thin, the equal first-class characteristics of light weight and pattern.Because have these advantages, the electrospinning silk more and more receives people's favorable comment and concern, is widely used in organizational project, medicine control discharges dielectric film, fields such as filtration.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the polysulfones nanofibre polymer film that method of electrostatic spinning prepares, obtain the nanofibre polymer film of large aperture, high porosity, bigger serface.
A further object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of polysulfones nanofibre polymer film.
An also purpose of the present invention provides the application of polysulfones nanofibre polymer film.
Polysulfones nanofibre polymer film of the present invention is prepared by method of electrostatic spinning, and described polysulfones nanofibre polymer film is to be made of the polysulfones nanofiber, and the thickness of film is 25~100 μ m; The diameter of described polysulfones nanofiber is 300~700nm; Polysulfones nanofiber and the porosity between the polysulfones nanofiber in the described polysulfones nanofibre polymer film are 45~75%.
The aperture in the hole that constitutes between described polysulfones nanofiber and the polysulfones nanofiber is 1~8 μ m.
Described polysulfones comprises polyether sulfone.Wherein, the weight average molecular weight of polysulfones is 75,000, and the weight average molecular weight of polyether sulfone is 53,500.
Polysulfones nanofibre polymer film of the present invention adopts method of electrostatic spinning to prepare, and method may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of spinning solution
Polysulfones and organic solvent are mixed, and are that 45~50 ℃ of lower magnetic forces stir (being generally 24~48 hours) in temperature, obtain the polysulfones spinning solution of clear; Wherein, the mass concentration of polysulfones is 18~25% in the polysulfones spinning solution, and the mass concentration of organic solvent is 75~82%;
(2) method of electrostatic spinning prepares polysulfones nanofibre polymer film
The polysulfones spinning solution of step (1) preparation is placed the syringe of electrospinning device; To fix by the stainless steel spinning head that the feed line line is connected with described syringe, and be 10~25cm with the distance adjustment between described stainless steel spinning head and the polishing stainless steel cylinder receiver, be that 18~30 ℃ and humidity are to carry out spinning 35~65% times in temperature; Wherein, the polysulfones spinning solution injects described stainless steel spinning head with the speed of 0.5~5ml/h under the effect of syringe pump, between the described polishing stainless steel cylinder receiver of described stainless steel spinning head and ground connection, apply the dc high voltage electric field of 12~20kV, the polysulfones spinning solution splits branch and produces jet at the tip of described stainless steel spinning head under the effect of static, on described polishing stainless steel cylinder receiver, obtain the nanofibre polymer film, drying finally obtains polysulfones nanofibre polymer film of the present invention.The thickness that flow velocity by control polysulfones spinning solution and spinning time are controlled described polysulfones nanofibre polymer film.The thickness of the polysulfones nanofibre polymer film that the inventive method prepares is 25~100 μ m; The diameter of described polysulfones nanofiber is 300~700nm; Polysulfones nanofiber and the porosity between the polysulfones nanofiber in the described polysulfones nanofibre polymer film are 45~75%.
The aperture in the hole that constitutes between described polysulfones nanofiber and the polysulfones nanofiber is 1~8 μ m.
Described polysulfones comprises polyether sulfone.Wherein, the weight average molecular weight of polysulfones is 75,000, and the weight average molecular weight of polyether sulfone is 53,500.
The described spinning time of step (2) is 1~4 hour.
Described drying is dry in 80 ℃ baking oven.
Described organic solvent is selected from N, dinethylformamide, N, at least a in the group that N-dimethylacetylamide, acetone etc. are formed.
The porosity height of polysulfones nanofibre polymer film of the present invention, specific area is big, can be used for preparing the filtering material of particulate in the filtered air, also can be used for preparing the backing material of milipore filter, the backing material of NF membrane or the backing material of reverse osmosis membrane.
Description of drawings
The surperficial SEM figure of polysulfones nano fibrous membrane in Fig. 1 embodiment of the invention 1.
The surperficial SEM figure of polyether sulfone nano fibrous membrane in Fig. 2 embodiment of the invention 3.
The surperficial SEM figure of polyether sulfone nano fibrous membrane in Fig. 3 embodiment of the invention 6.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done more detailed description, but described embodiment is not construed as limiting the invention.The performance of describing in the literary composition is measured according to the methods below:
(1) weight average molecular weight (Mw): adopt the GPC method to measure according to the molecular weight of polystyrene.
Instrument: (U.S. Waters company) WATERS high performance liquid chromatograph
Pillar: (U.S. Waters company) GMHXL
Solvent: N, N-dimethylacetylamide temperature: 25 ℃
(2) porosity
Densimetry is measured.Dried polysulfones nanofibre polymer film of the present invention is cut into a certain size film, measures its length and width and thickness,, calculate the density (ρ of film thus with its quality of electronic balance weighing
m).Density (the ρ of polysulfone material
p) be 1.24g/cm
3The density of polyether sulfone materials is 1.33g/cm
3Calculate porosity according to following formula:
(3) thickness
Adopt micrometer caliper (the Japanese Mitutoyo 293-340 of company) to measure the thickness of 10 diverse locations on the polymer film, getting its mean value is the thickness of polysulfones nanofibre polymer film of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
15g polysulfones (weight average molecular weight is 75,000) is dissolved in 60gN, in the dinethylformamide, is the polysulfones spinning solution that obtains clear after 50 ℃ of lower magnetic forces stir 24 hours in temperature, and wherein, the mass concentration of polysulfones is 20wt% in the polysulfones spinning solution.The polysulfones spinning solution is placed the syringe of electrospinning device; To fix by the stainless steel spinning head that the feed line line is connected with described syringe, and be 15cm with the distance adjustment between described spinning head and the polishing stainless steel cylinder receiver, is that 20 ℃ and humidity are to carry out spinning 50% time in temperature; Wherein, the polysulfones spinning solution injects described spinning head with the speed of 0.5ml/h under the effect of syringe pump, between the described cylinder receiver of described spinning head and ground connection, apply the dc high voltage electric field of 12kV, the polysulfones spinning solution splits branch and produces jet at the tip of described spinning head under the effect of electric field force, obtain the nanofibre polymer film on described cylinder receiver, the spinning time is 4 hours.This film is dry in 80 ℃ baking oven, and finally obtaining thickness is the polysulfones nanofibre polymer film of 60 μ m, and the surperficial SEM figure of polysulfones nano fibrous membrane as shown in Figure 1.
Gained polysulfones nanofibre polymer film is cut into the film of certain size size, calculates porosity by formula (1).Polysulfones nanofiber and the porosity between the polysulfones nanofiber in the polysulfones nanofibre polymer film are 70%, and the average diameter of polysulfones nanofiber is 700nm, and the aperture in the hole that constitutes between described polysulfones nanofiber and the polysulfones nanofiber is 3.8 μ m.
Embodiment 2
18g polysulfones (weight average molecular weight is 75,000) is dissolved in 82gN, in the dinethylformamide, is the polysulfones spinning solution that obtains clear after 50 ℃ of lower magnetic forces stir 24 hours in temperature, and wherein, the mass concentration of polysulfones is 18wt% in the polysulfones spinning solution.The polysulfones spinning solution is placed the syringe of electrospinning device; To fix by the stainless steel spinning head that the feed line line is connected with described syringe, and be 25cm with the distance adjustment between described spinning head and the polishing stainless steel cylinder receiver, is that 18 ℃ and humidity are to carry out spinning 55% time in temperature; Wherein, the polysulfones spinning solution injects described spinning head with the speed of 5ml/h under the effect of syringe pump, between the described cylinder receiver of described spinning head and ground connection, apply the dc high voltage electric field of 20kV, the polysulfones spinning solution splits branch and produces jet at the tip of described spinning head under the effect of electric field force, on described cylinder receiver, obtain the nanofibre polymer film, the spinning time is 4 hours, this film is dry in 80 ℃ baking oven, and finally obtaining thickness is the polysulfones nanofibre polymer film of 100 μ m.
Gained polysulfones nanofibre polymer film is cut into the film of certain size size, calculates porosity by formula (1).Polysulfones nanofiber and the porosity between the polysulfones nanofiber in the polysulfones nanofibre polymer film are 68%, and the average diameter of polysulfones nanofiber is 500nm, and the aperture in the hole that constitutes between described polysulfones nanofiber and the polysulfones nanofiber is 6.1 μ m.
Embodiment 3
(weight average molecular weight is 53 with the 15g polyether sulfone, 500) being dissolved in 50.22gN, in the dinethylformamide, is the polyether sulfone spinning solution that obtains clear after 50 ℃ of lower magnetic forces stir 24 hours in temperature, wherein, the mass concentration of polyether sulfone is 23wt% in the polyether sulfone spinning solution.The polyether sulfone spinning solution is placed the syringe of electrospinning device; To fix by the stainless steel spinning head that the feed line line is connected with described syringe, and be 10cm with the distance adjustment between described spinning head and the polishing stainless steel cylinder receiver, is that 30 ℃ and humidity are to carry out spinning 65% time in temperature; Wherein, the polyether sulfone spinning solution injects described spinning head with the speed of 1ml/h under the effect of syringe pump, between the described cylinder receiver of described spinning head and ground connection, apply the dc high voltage electric field of 15kV, the polyether sulfone spinning solution splits branch and produces jet at the tip of described spinning head under the effect of electric field force, on described cylinder receiver, obtain the nanofibre polymer film, the spinning time is 1.5 hours, this film is dry in 80 ℃ baking oven, finally obtaining thickness is the polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film of 55 μ m, and the surperficial SEM figure of polyether sulfone nano fibrous membrane as shown in Figure 2.
Gained polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film is cut into the film of certain size size, calculates porosity by formula (1).Polyether sulfone nanofiber and the porosity between the polyether sulfone nanofiber in the polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film are 75%, the average diameter of polyether sulfone nanofiber is 300nm, and the aperture in the hole that constitutes between described polyether sulfone nanofiber and the polyether sulfone nanofiber is 8.0 μ m.
Embodiment 4
(weight average molecular weight is 53 with the 15g polyether sulfone, 500) being dissolved in 48gN, in N-dimethylacetylamide and the 12g acetone, is the polyether sulfone spinning solution that obtains clear after 50 ℃ of lower magnetic forces stir 24 hours in temperature, wherein, the mass concentration of polyether sulfone is 20wt% in the polyether sulfone spinning solution.The polyether sulfone spinning solution is placed the syringe of electrospinning device; To fix by the stainless steel spinning head that the feed line line is connected with described syringe, and be 15cm with the distance adjustment between described spinning head and the polishing stainless steel cylinder receiver, is that 25 ℃ and humidity are to carry out spinning 35% time in temperature; Wherein, the polyether sulfone spinning solution injects described spinning head with the speed of 0.5ml/h under the effect of syringe pump, between the described cylinder receiver of described spinning head and ground connection, apply the dc high voltage electric field of 18kV, the polyether sulfone spinning solution splits branch and produces jet at the tip of described spinning head under the effect of electric field force, on described cylinder receiver, obtain the nanofibre polymer film, the spinning time is 1 hour, this film is dry in 80 ℃ baking oven, and finally obtaining thickness is the polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film of 25 μ m.
Gained polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film is cut into the film of certain size size, calculates porosity by formula (1).Polyether sulfone nanofiber and the porosity between the polyether sulfone nanofiber in the polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film are 60%, the average diameter of polyether sulfone nanofiber is 520nm, and the aperture in the hole that constitutes between described polyether sulfone nanofiber and the polyether sulfone nanofiber is 2.5 μ m.
Embodiment 5
(weight average molecular weight is 53 with the 15g polyether sulfone, 500) being dissolved in 30gN, in the dinethylformamide, is the polyether sulfone spinning solution that obtains clear after 50 ℃ of lower magnetic forces stir 48 hours in temperature, wherein, the mass concentration of polyether sulfone is 25wt% in the polyether sulfone spinning solution.The polyether sulfone spinning solution is placed the syringe of electrospinning device; To fix by the stainless steel spinning head that the feed line line is connected with described syringe, and be 15cm with the distance adjustment between described spinning head and the polishing stainless steel cylinder receiver, is that 25 ℃ and humidity are to carry out spinning 50% time in temperature; Wherein, the polyether sulfone spinning solution injects described spinning head with the speed of 1ml/h under the effect of syringe pump, between the described cylinder receiver of described spinning head and ground connection, apply the dc high voltage electric field of 20kV, the polyether sulfone spinning solution splits branch and produces jet at the tip of described spinning head under the effect of electric field force, on described cylinder receiver, obtain the nanofibre polymer film, the spinning time is 1 hour, this film is dry in 80 ℃ baking oven, and finally obtaining thickness is the polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film of 50 μ m.
Gained polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film is cut into the film of certain size size, calculates porosity by formula (1).Polyether sulfone nanofiber and the porosity between the polyether sulfone nanofiber in the polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film are 58%, the average diameter of polyether sulfone nanofiber is 620nm, and the aperture in the hole that constitutes between described polyether sulfone nanofiber and the polyether sulfone nanofiber is 4.3 μ m.
Embodiment 6
With the 15g polyether sulfone
Being dissolved in 50.22gN, in the dinethylformamide, is the polyether sulfone spinning solution that obtains clear after 50 ℃ of lower magnetic forces stir 48 hours in temperature, and wherein, the mass concentration of polyether sulfone is 23wt% in the polyether sulfone spinning solution.The polyether sulfone spinning solution is placed the syringe of electrospinning device; To fix by the stainless steel spinning head that the feed line line is connected with described syringe, and be 25cm with the distance adjustment between described spinning head and the polishing stainless steel cylinder receiver, is that 22 ℃ and humidity are to carry out spinning 35% time in temperature; Wherein, the polyether sulfone spinning solution injects described spinning head with the speed of 1ml/h under the effect of syringe pump, between the described cylinder receiver of described spinning head and ground connection, apply the dc high voltage electric field of 20kV, the polyether sulfone spinning solution splits branch and produces jet at the tip of described spinning head under the effect of electric field force, on described cylinder receiver, obtain the nanofibre polymer film, the spinning time is 1 hour, this film is dry in 80 ℃ baking oven, finally obtaining thickness is the polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film of 42 μ m, and the surperficial SEM figure of polyether sulfone nano fibrous membrane as shown in Figure 3.
Gained polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film is cut into the film of certain size size, calculates porosity by formula (1).Polyether sulfone nanofiber and the porosity between the polyether sulfone nanofiber in the polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film are 45%, the average diameter of polyether sulfone nanofiber is 480nm, and the aperture in the hole that constitutes between described polyether sulfone nanofiber and the polyether sulfone nanofiber is 1.0 μ m.
The foregoing description gained polysulfones or polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film can be used for preparing the filtering material of particulate in the filtered air, or are used to prepare the backing material of milipore filter, the backing material of NF membrane or the backing material of reverse osmosis membrane.After applying the one layer of polymeric film on polysulfones or the polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film, be used as micro-filtration, ultrafiltration or nanofiltration material.Polysulfones or polyether sulfone nanofibre polymer film packed into be used for the filtering material of filtered air particulate in the air cleaner.