CN102234623A - Microbial preparation and fermentation process thereof - Google Patents
Microbial preparation and fermentation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102234623A CN102234623A CN2011100609073A CN201110060907A CN102234623A CN 102234623 A CN102234623 A CN 102234623A CN 2011100609073 A CN2011100609073 A CN 2011100609073A CN 201110060907 A CN201110060907 A CN 201110060907A CN 102234623 A CN102234623 A CN 102234623A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial preparation and a fermentation process thereof. The microbial preparation is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3 percent of lactobacillus plantarum, 4 percent of bacillus subtilis, 3 percent of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 20 percent of bean dregs, 45 percent of corn, 10 percent of cotton dregs and 15 percent of bran coat. The fermentation process comprises the following steps of: performing liquid amplification culturing on selected strains respectively; after culturing, performing solid inoculation on the respectively-cultured strains; adding a certain amount of water to keep the water content of a material at about 37 percent; directly stirring uniformly with a horizontal stirrer; putting into a special packaging bag for tight sealing; and fermenting at room temperature of 20-30 DEG C for 7 days. In the fermentation process, aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria are combined for fermenting, and fermentation is performed after packaging, so that the problem of over high temperature of the material caused by heat production during solid aerobic fermentation is solved skillfully; and anaerobic control is performed, so that the temperature of the material is always kept about 15-25 DEG C, the water content is about 37 percent, the low-temperature drying process of the material is eliminated, energy is saved, the emission of harmful gases is reduced, and the product quality is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of microbial preparation and fermentation process thereof, particularly relate to a kind of microbial preparation and fermentation process thereof that is mainly used in feed.
Background technology
In China's livestock industry is produced, because abuse of antibiotics causes the livestock product drug residue to exceed standard, directly influence the livestock product quality, bring disadvantageous effect for the animal husbandry development of China.Now, various countries put into effect microbiotic, the veterinary drug of many measures control high residues, high toxic side effect, the usage quantity of fodder additives in succession, and some kind has been prohibited use.After accession to WTO, because the livestock product quality problem seriously is obstructed China's livestock product outlet, cause the continued downturn of livestock industry, the cultured product sales difficulty directly has influence on farmers' income.Trace it to its cause or the livestock product quality problems.How to improve the quality of livestock products, produce satisfactory livestock product, become one can not be ignored, not allow to avoid, problem anxious to be solved.Therefore, people have expected utilizing microorganism to solve the drug residue problem.But existing microbe additive product, because zymotechnique, production cost is than higher, so the costing an arm and a leg of microniological proudcts, the peasant is unwilling to accept.Both at home and abroad, a kind of mode in general now employing aerobic fermentation and the anaerobically fermenting is finished fermentation, and aerobic fermentation is an exothermal process, and the temperature of fermented product can raise gradually during fermentation, and this just need manually stir or the mechanical exhaust mode is lowered the temperature.Anaerobically fermenting then need adopt under sealing condition the fermentation of emptying air, and after fermentation finishes, also needs by the oven drying at low temperature mode fermented product moisture is reduced to below 9%, and at this moment viable bacteria enters dormant state, and material is just preserved.This fermentation mode complex process, it is big to control difficulty, and oven drying at low temperature process itself consumes a large amount of energy, causes energy dissipation, and needs the discharging flue dust cause environmental pollution.Increased product cost simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention's purpose is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of improved microbial preparation and technology thereof are provided, it adopts combining of aerobic bacteria and anerobe, strain fermentation can save low-temperature material exsiccant process, save the energy greatly, reduced noxious gas emission, avoided the bacterial classification inactivation that causes because of oven dry, improve the quality of product, reduced cost simultaneously again.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme: the present invention adopts following materials of weight proportions: plant lactobacillus 3%, subtilis 4%, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae 3%, dregs of beans 20% corn 45%, cotton dregs 10%, wheat bran skin 15%; Take following processing method: selected bacterial classification is carried out fluid enlargement culture respectively, after cultivation finishes, the bacterial classification of cultivating is respectively carried out solid vaccination simultaneously, and add certain water gaging, making material moisture remain on about 37% gets final product, directly stir with horizontal mixer, obturage in the special packing bag of packing into then, room temperature 20-30 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation got final product in 7 days.
The present invention takes technique scheme, has following beneficial effect: the present invention combines co-fermentation to aerobic bacteria and anerobe cleverly by the microorganism strains filtration technology.Because aerobic fermentation is an exothermic process, anaerobically fermenting is an endothermic process, having inoculated aerobic bacteria (yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, subtilis) and the material of anerobe (plant lactobacillus) be enclosed in the packing bag, because fermented product is sealed in the fixed space, initial stage is because the packing bag internal memory has air, at this moment aerobic bacteria (S. cervisiae, subtilis) fast growth, consume the oxygen in the packing bag simultaneously, along with going deep into of fermentation, oxygen is fewer and feweri, after aerobic bacteria runs out of oxygen (this process is shorter), the pH value of material also drops to below 5.6, produce a spot of alcohol and lactic acid simultaneously, thereby provide good precondition for the growth and breeding of plant lactobacillus.Growth metabolism along with plant lactobacillus, the quantity of plant lactobacillus constantly increases, the pH value of material continues to descend, some macromolecular substance (as protein, polysaccharide, fat etc.) are degraded constantly, and the quantity of some organic acids, polypeptide, total free aminoacids and VITAMIN is in continuous increase simultaneously, and nutritive value has obtained very big lifting.Because plant lactobacillus, subtilis acting in conjunction, make to produce a large amount of N,O-Diacetylmuramidase and organic acid in the material, thereby stoped the growth and breeding of harmful bacterium, make that material keeps never degenerating in 2 years under air-proof condition.Fermenting process of the present invention carries out under the sealed state in packing bag, has therefore avoided the open type fermented living contaminants that causes.Because aerobic fermentation is an exothermic process, anaerobically fermenting is an endothermic process, we are by special zymotechnique (packing secondary fermentation earlier), when having solved solid-state aerobic fermentation dexterously, because of heat production causes the too high problem of temperature of charge, control by anaerobism, temperature of charge is remained at about 15-25 ℃, moisture about 37%, thereby saved low-temperature material exsiccant process, this has just saved the energy greatly, reduced noxious gas emission, avoid the bacterial classification inactivation that causes because of oven dry, improved the quality of product, reduced cost simultaneously again.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described in detail.
One, culture of strains
1, bacterial classification
A, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae b, subtilis c, plant lactobacillus
2, cultivate
A, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae
1, slant medium:
20% murphy juice: 100 milliliters of sucrose: 2 gram agar: 1.5 grams
Compound method: agar added make its dissolving in 200 ml waters, add other material dissolution then, in dissolution process, constantly stir, treat that each composition dissolves fully, filtered while hot, packing, 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min.
2, liquid nutrient medium:
Yeast extract paste: 10 gram glucose: 20 gram wheat brans: 20 gram bean cake powders: 20 grams
Distilled water: 1000 milliliters
Pack in the 500ml triangular flask every bottle of about 300ml into.Seal 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min with tampon.
3, seeding tank liquid nutrient medium
Dregs of beans: 1.8% Semen Maydis powder: 1.5% starch: 0.44% fish meal: 0.47%
Mix thoroughly after above-mentioned raw materials added suitable quantity of water, 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min, treat raw material be cooled to 30 ℃ after inoculation fermentation.
Zymotechnique:
Preservation bacterial classification → test tube slant cultivation → triangular flask liquid culture → seeding tank liquid culture
Earlier yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial classification test tube is cultivated, treat that bacterial strain covers with slant medium after, change triangular flask over to and cultivate, cultivate after 24 hours down for 25 ℃ and change the seeding tank liquid culture over to, cultivate after 24 hours acquisition liquid S. cervisiae bacterial classification.
B, subtilis
1, slant medium:
Peptone 1 gram extractum carnis 0.3 gram glucose 0.5 gram sodium-chlor 0.5 gram
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.1 gram agar 2 gram distilled water 100ml PH:7.0
Compound method: agar is added 100 ml waters make its dissolving, add other material dissolution then, in dissolution process, constantly stir, treat that each composition dissolves fully, filtered while hot, packing, 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min.
2, liquid nutrient medium:
Peptone 10 gram extractum carniss 3 gram sodium-chlor 5 gram distilled water 1000ml
PH：7.0
In the dress 500ml triangular flask, every bottle of about 300ml.Seal 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min with tampon.
3, seeding tank liquid nutrient medium
Dregs of beans: 1.8% Semen Maydis powder: 1.5% starch: 0.44% fish meal: 0.47%
Lime carbonate: 0.44% potassium primary phosphate: 0.027% sal epsom: 0.054%
PH：7.5
Mix thoroughly after above-mentioned raw materials added suitable quantity of water, 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min, treat raw material be cooled to 30 ℃ after inoculation fermentation.
Zymotechnique:
Preservation bacterial classification → test tube slant cultivation → triangular flask liquid culture → seeding tank liquid culture
Earlier the Bacillus subtilis strain test tube is cultivated, treat that bacterial strain covers with slant medium after, change triangular flask over to and cultivate, cultivate after 24 hours down for 30 ℃ and change the seeding tank liquid culture over to, cultivate after 24 hours acquisition liquid Bacillus subtilis strain.
C, plant lactobacillus
1, slant medium:
Casein peptone: 2 gram beef extracts: 2 gram yeast extracts: 1 gram
Glucose: 1 gram dibasic ammonium citrate: 0.4 gram tween: 0.2 gram
K
2HPO
4: 0.4 gram MgSO
4.7H
2O:0.04 restrains MnSO
4.H
2The O:0.01 gram
Agar: 3 gram distilled water: 200 milliliters of pH:6.8
Compound method: agar added make its dissolving in 200 ml waters, add other material dissolution then, in dissolution process, constantly stir, treat that each composition dissolves fully, filtered while hot, packing, 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min.
2, liquid nutrient medium:
Casein peptone: 10 gram beef extracts: 10 gram yeast extracts: 5 grams
Glucose: 5 gram dibasic ammonium citrates: 2 gram tweens: 1 gram
K
2HPO
4: 2 gram MgSO
4.7H
2O:2 restrains MnSO
4.H
2The O:0.05 gram
Distilled water: 1000 milliliters of pH:6.8
Pack in the 500ml triangular flask every bottle of about 300ml into.Seal 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min with tampon.
3, seeding tank liquid nutrient medium
Dregs of beans: 1.8% Semen Maydis powder: 1.5% starch: 0.44% fish meal: 0.47%
pH：6.8
Mix thoroughly after above-mentioned raw materials added suitable quantity of water, 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min, treat raw material be cooled to 30 ℃ after inoculation fermentation.
Zymotechnique:
Preservation bacterial classification → test tube slant cultivation → triangular flask liquid culture → seeding tank liquid culture
Earlier plant lactobacillus bacterial classification test tube is cultivated, treat that bacterial strain covers with slant medium after, change triangular flask over to and cultivate, cultivate after 24 hours down for 30 ℃ and change the seeding tank liquid culture over to, cultivate after 24 hours acquisition liquid plant lactobacillus strain.
Two, solid fermentation
1, proportioning raw materials
(1) dregs of beans 20kg corn 45kg cotton dregs 10kg wheat bran skin 15kg
(2) bacterial classification inoculation amount: plant lactobacillus 4kg subtilis 3kg S. cervisiae 3kg
2, solid vaccination
The bacterial classification of cultivating carries out solid vaccination in proportion, and adds entry, makes material moisture remain on about 37% and gets final product.Directly stir with horizontal mixer, obturage in the special packing bag of packing into then, room temperature 20-30 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation got final product in 7 days.
In this case, by changing existing fermentation mode, take a kind of brand-new zymotechnique--" microbial preparation " that the mode of " earlier packing secondary fermentation " is produced, removed " oven drying at low temperature " process in original fermentation mode from, so both saved the energy, reduce topsoil, reduced cost again.
Three. embodiment
Example 1
A prompt milk cattle cultivating field replacement cattle is raised in the canopy in the Huanghua City, and 40 of the holstein cows at 11～16 monthly ages of selection are divided into test group and control group by the random packet test design.Daily ration consists of: 1.95 kilograms of corns, 0.3 kilogram of dregs of beans, 0.24 kilogram of cotton dregs, 0.39 kilogram in wheat bran, 10 kilograms of corn silages, 3 kilograms of brewer's grains, 0.12 kilogram of Preblend, hay free choice feeding, test group is added 2 kilograms of this products and reduce 2 kilograms of original fine fodders simultaneously every day, mix interpolation thoroughly with original fine fodder and feed, the control group fine fodder does not add and does not subtract.Raise for hive off indefinite groove of examination Niu Caiyong, divide every day and go up the groove feeding three times, 7～8 hours at interval.In 34 days trial period, the food consumption and the grazing speed that add test ox behind the product of the present invention are normal, and the test group average daily gain is 1.12 kilograms, improved 47.36% than control group, feedstuff-meat ratio is 2.69, reduces by 30.8% than control group, and concrete test-results is as follows:
Table 1
| Project | Test group | Control group |
| Ox number (head) | 20 | 20 |
| Trial period (my god) | 34 | 34 |
[0073]?
| Initial average heavy (kilogram) | 320.85 | 323.95 |
| Test back average heavy (kilogram) | 359.01 | 349.90 |
| Average daily gain (kilogram) | 1.12 | 0.76 |
| Fine fodder/weightening finish | 2.69∶1 | 3.89∶1 |
The result that feeds shows that this product can improve digestibility and the utilization ratio of calf to roughage, obviously increases day weight gain, reduces feedstuff-meat ratio, improves the price of deed, increases economic benefit.
Example 2
Test is fed in the examination of milk cow complete feed:
Test on May 15th, 2010 to May 26, amount to 11 days wherein, preliminary trial period is 3 days (on May 15 to 17), trial period is 8 days (May 18 to May 25), amounts to 40 of the milk cows of taking one's test.Wherein, 20 of control groups, 20 of test group.Daily ration consists of: 1.01 kilograms of corn stalk pieces, corn stalk powder 3.01,0.39 kilogram in sheep's hay, 13.79 kilograms of corn silages, 4.58 kilograms of brewer's grains, 0.2 kilogram of the dried dregs of rice, 1.8 kilograms in Radix Dauci Sativae, 9.76 kilograms of fine fodders, test group is added 2 kilograms of this products and reduce 2 kilograms of original fine fodders simultaneously every day, mix interpolation thoroughly with original fine fodder and feed, the control group fine fodder does not add and does not subtract.Divide feeding three times every day for the examination ox, three times mechanical pipe is milked, 7～8 hours at interval.Preliminary trial period and trial period, surveyed respectively and claim milk sample each three days.The effect brief analysis is as follows:
1, the milk yield of 20 of control groups maintains on the previous level substantially, and 20 of test group before examination be significantly improved on the milk yield of examination back, average raising amount is 6.3%.
2, in addition aspect reducing or reducing somatocyte, average every of preliminary trial period examination group first day is 5,240,000/milliliter, average every somatocyte is 3,740,000/milliliter the 8th day the time through feeding, 1,500,000/milliliter of promptly average reductions, this positive effect of having played to improving milk quality and reducing mastitis.
3, milk fat content aspect: first day 20 average out to 3.1736% of test group prerun, and examination is when feeding the 8th day, and 20 average out to 3.142%, difference is not remarkable.
4, Ruzhong protein aspect: test group first day preliminary trial period, 20 average out to 3.3532%, and examination 20 average out to 3.3725% when feeding the 8th day, test group protein slightly improves.
5, Ruzhong lactose-content aspect: test group first day preliminary trial period, 20 average out to 4.525%, and examination 20 average out to 4.5547% when feeding the 8th day, test group Ruzhong lactose-content slightly improves.
6, milk solids aspect: test group first day preliminary trial period, 20 average out to 12.029%, and examination 20 average out to 12.0178% when feeding the 8th day, difference is not remarkable.
Conclusion is fed in examination: this microbial preparation reduces mastitis and takes place that obvious effects is arranged improving milk production of cow and reducing somatocyte.
Claims (1)
1. microbial preparation and zymotechnique thereof, it is characterized in that: described microbial preparation adopts following materials of weight proportions: plant lactobacillus 3%, subtilis 4%, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae 3%, dregs of beans 20%, corn 45%, cotton dregs 10%, wheat bran skin 15%; Described zymotechnique is: selected bacterial classification is carried out fluid enlargement culture respectively, after cultivation finishes, the bacterial classification of cultivating is respectively carried out solid vaccination simultaneously, and add certain water gaging, making material moisture remain on about 37% gets final product, directly stir with horizontal mixer, obturage in the special packing bag of packing into then, room temperature 20-30 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation got final product in 7 days.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102488089A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-13 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Preparation method of microecological culture feed additive |
| CN102613428A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-01 | 湖南九鼎科技（集团）有限公司 | Probiotics fermented feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103202412A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-07-17 | 徐静 | Biological preservation processing and producing method for rice bran |
| CN103478443A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2014-01-01 | 沈阳金科丰牧业科技有限公司 | Micro-ecological preparation and application thereof in improvement of production performance, immune performance as well as chicken quality of broiler |
| CN103843974A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-11 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Compound microecologics and application thereof |
| CN105746850A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-07-13 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | Low-temperature fermentation feed raw material and application of same in preparation of mixed feed for pig |
| CN105851475A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-17 | 湖南省流沙河花猪生态牧业股份有限公司 | Fermented feed and fermentation process thereof |
| CN107006678A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-04 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Corn protein powder feature fermented feed and its application |
| CN107981045A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-04 | 北京大伟嘉生物技术股份有限公司 | A kind of live zymotechnique of wet solid dregs of beans and its application |
| CN110050881A (en) * | 2019-03-24 | 2019-07-26 | 张学海 | A kind of process of probiotic feed solid state fermentation |
| CN111713598A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-29 | 海南大学 | Method for preparing biological feed by fermenting desiccated coconut with multiple strains |
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2011
- 2011-03-13 CN CN2011100609073A patent/CN102234623A/en active Pending
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102488089A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-13 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Preparation method of microecological culture feed additive |
| CN102613428A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-01 | 湖南九鼎科技（集团）有限公司 | Probiotics fermented feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103202412B (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2014-08-06 | 徐静 | Biological preservation processing and producing method for rice bran |
| CN103202412A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-07-17 | 徐静 | Biological preservation processing and producing method for rice bran |
| CN103478443B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2014-12-03 | 沈阳金科丰牧业科技有限公司 | Micro-ecological preparation and application thereof in improvement of production performance, immune performance as well as chicken quality of broiler |
| CN103478443A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2014-01-01 | 沈阳金科丰牧业科技有限公司 | Micro-ecological preparation and application thereof in improvement of production performance, immune performance as well as chicken quality of broiler |
| CN103843974A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-11 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Compound microecologics and application thereof |
| CN105746850A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-07-13 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | Low-temperature fermentation feed raw material and application of same in preparation of mixed feed for pig |
| CN105851475A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-17 | 湖南省流沙河花猪生态牧业股份有限公司 | Fermented feed and fermentation process thereof |
| CN107981045A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-04 | 北京大伟嘉生物技术股份有限公司 | A kind of live zymotechnique of wet solid dregs of beans and its application |
| CN107006678A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-04 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Corn protein powder feature fermented feed and its application |
| CN110050881A (en) * | 2019-03-24 | 2019-07-26 | 张学海 | A kind of process of probiotic feed solid state fermentation |
| CN111713598A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-29 | 海南大学 | Method for preparing biological feed by fermenting desiccated coconut with multiple strains |
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Application publication date: 20111109 |