CN102232100A - 嵌件的提供 - Google Patents
嵌件的提供 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102232100A CN102232100A CN200980142719.6A CN200980142719A CN102232100A CN 102232100 A CN102232100 A CN 102232100A CN 200980142719 A CN200980142719 A CN 200980142719A CN 102232100 A CN102232100 A CN 102232100A
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- tackiness agent
- activatable
- agent
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Abstract
配备有可活化粘合剂的诸如螺纹接收器的嵌件,其可以嵌入到制件上的空强中并且粘合剂是可活化的,以便将嵌件固定在制品中。
Description
本发明涉及在制品中提供嵌件。本发明特别涉及为面板提供嵌件,所述面板例如用于建筑、汽车或航空工业。通常需要在制品中提供嵌件以连接诸如铰链、基片(chip)、锁具或识别盘之类的产品。例如,可能需要装配螺纹嵌件,使其能够接受螺钉,以便通过该嵌件将铰链连接到部件上。本发明对建筑、汽车和航空工业特别有用,特别是提供能够将组件连接到蜂窝板的嵌件,所述蜂窝板例如是用于宇航飞行器内部的面板。这些面板典型地用于宇航飞行器的地板、储藏室的门或内壁。
传统上,是通过为嵌件钻出空腔、在空腔中嵌入嵌件,在空腔中的嵌件周围注入胶,待胶凝固并去除多余的胶来提供嵌件的。该工艺有时用注射胶水的***工操作。典型的嵌件配有一个用于使嵌件位于空腔中心的可移除的盖;这个封盖用于注射胶和排出多余的胶。因此该工艺劳动强度大并且不能总是准确地实施。
可以理解的是在一个面板中需要多个嵌件。例如两个或多个铰链、一个闩锁和一个识别符可以与面板连接。
因此,本发明提供了一个带有可活化粘合剂的嵌件。本发明的嵌件可以置于预设的空腔中,粘合剂可以活化产生粘结性能。在这一方法中,粘合剂可以活化以便将嵌件牢固粘结在制品的空腔内的所需位置上。
粘合剂可以用任意适合的方法活化。在一个优选的实施例中,粘合剂是可发泡的并且被加热活化。在这一实施例中,粘合剂优选地通过加热活化而泡沫化,更优选地粘合剂在同一热循环期间发泡和产生粘结性能。这样,在适当的位置上带有嵌件的制品可以被加热从而使粘合剂膨胀填满嵌件和其所在空腔内壁间的空隙,同时产生了粘结性能,将嵌件和空腔粘结在一起。可选地,粘合剂可以在环境温度下活化,在这一实施例中,带有粘合剂的嵌件优选在低于粘合剂活化温度下储存。这样在储存过程中,粘合剂是非活化和/或指触干的。典型地采用-18℃到10℃的储存温度。
尽管非必要,但优选粘合剂在室温下是指触干和非胶粘的。
在一个进一步的实施例中,嵌件可以配备有可去除的罩或附件,所述附件延伸嵌件的上端之外。一旦嵌件置于空腔中,其上端将位于空腔开口处。罩或附件延伸至高于嵌件上端的末端,以至其能够与空腔的周边相互作用从而使嵌件定位在空腔中。粘合剂活化以至嵌件牢固地固定在空腔中以后,罩或附件可以移除以露出例如嵌件内的螺纹,该螺纹用于连接铰链、锁、夹片、标牌或其它类似附件。
热活化膨胀粘合剂优选在室温下是非指触胶粘的,并且优选是能够受热活化膨胀并产生粘合性能的材料。本发明优选的实例中,通过能膨胀和产生粘合性能的可膨胀粘合剂,将嵌件固定在蜂窝状面板上。在具有蜂窝状芯部和表面的面板制造中,将各层装配在一起,并且使这种结构处于80-200℃、典型地100-200℃或更典型地120-160℃的温度范围内从而生产出面板。加热的持续时间将根据采用的温度、使用的材料和加热的技术而变化。在蜂窝状面板的制作中,加热可以为至多30分钟、典型地为在压力下至多10分钟,也可以将该结构置于炉中加热数小时,例如从半小时到4小时。
可以采用任意合适的方式将可膨胀粘合剂施加到嵌件上。可以是手工装配、模塑到嵌件上,还可以挤出到嵌件上或由迷你施胶机装配到嵌件上。
在此使用的可活化意味着材料发泡并软化(例如,熔化),然后固化,或者由迷你施胶机或上述方式的组合来提供,或是特定化学成分(例如,双-组分材料)的组合。典型地,处于活化的材料将浸湿然后粘结于相邻的例如膨胀材料之类制件的表面上,并且该材料可以是热塑性材料、热固性材料或其混合物。根据优选的实施方式,该材料是固化成刚性结构的结构性泡沫,诸如含环氧基材料、含乙烯基聚合物、含醋酸酯或丙烯酸酯的聚合物、或其混合物,其中当与合适的成分(典型的是发泡剂、固化剂和可能的填料)化合时,典型地在加热或其它活化激发方式下以可靠的或可预期的方式进行膨胀、固化或两者皆然。因此,根据一种实施方式,示例的材料可以是热活化的和/或具有可发泡特性的环氧基树脂。固化之后,材料通常变成固定的且不能再任意流动的热固化材料。商业上可得的优选配方的实例包括可从L&L Products,Inc.of Romeo,Michigan得到的、在L-0502、L-0504、L-1066、L-2105、L-2190、L-2663、L-5204、L-5206、L-5207、L-5208、L-5214、L-5218、L-5222、L-5248、L-6000、L-7102、L-7220、L-8000、L-8100、L-8110、L-8115、L-9000系列中的材料或其混合物。还认为该材料可以具有结合到材料的一面或多面上和/或材料中的玻璃纤维或其它纺织材料。
粘合材料活化后,优选但非必须的是材料(例如泡沫)具有相对高的强度。当按照ASTM D-695进行测试时,材料发泡处,活化和发泡的材料典型地具有高于约100MPa的压缩模量,更典型地高于约300MPa,特别典型地高于约550MPa(例如,约614MPa)。当按照ASTM D-695进行测试时,活化材料典型地具有高于约700psi的抗压强度,更加典型地高于约1500psi,甚至特别典型地高于约2000psi。具有如前所述特性中的一个或任意组合的活化材料已经配制出来,并且已经发现具有特定组分或性能的混合物是特别需要的。除了特殊说明,文中的百分数指的是重量百分数。
可活化或可膨胀的材料典型地包括一种或多种聚合物材料,其可以包括各种不同的聚合物,例如热塑性塑料、弹性体、塑料或其混合物。例如但不仅限于,聚合物可以是高分子混合物,包括卤化聚合物、聚碳酸酯、聚酮、氨基甲酸酯、聚酯、硅烷、砜、丙烯醇、烯烃、苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、环氧、硅酮、酚醛、橡胶、聚氧化苯乙烯、邻苯二甲酸酯、醋酸酯(例如,EVA),丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯(例如,乙烯基甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物)或其混合物。其它可能的聚合材料可以是或包括但不仅限于聚烯烃(例如,聚乙烯、聚丙烯)、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚(氧化乙烯)、聚(二甲亚胺)、聚酯、聚氨酯、聚硅氧烷、聚醚、聚磷吖嗪、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、聚异丁烯、聚丙烯酰腈、聚氯乙烯、聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)、多乙酸乙烯酯、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚异戊二烯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸和聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
该聚合物材料可以包括达到85%重量或更多的可活化材料。优选,该聚合物材料包括约0.1-约85%、更优选约1-约70%重量的可活化材料。
在此使用的环氧树脂指任意传统的二聚、齐聚或高聚的含至少一个环氧官能团的环氧材料。该聚合物基材料可以是含有一个或多个氧杂环可通过开环反应聚合得到的环氧。可活化材料据认为可以包括达到约80%重量或更多的环氧树脂。典型地,可活化材料包括约5-60%重量的环氧树脂且更典型地为约10-30%重量的环氧树脂。
环氧可以是脂肪族的、脂环族的、芳族的等。环氧可以提供为固态的(例如小球、大块、条片等)或液态的(如环氧树脂)。环氧可以包括一个可拥有一个α-烯的乙烯基共聚物或三元共聚物。作为共聚物或三元共聚物,聚合物是由两个或三个不同单体组成的,所述单体即为具有高化学反应性的、可与同类分子联接的小分子。优选地,环氧树脂加入到可活化材料中以增加材料的粘结性能。一个环氧树脂的实例为酚醛树脂,该酚醛树脂可为线性酚醛清漆型或其他型。另一优选的含环氧材料可包括一双酚A表氯醇醚聚合物或一可被丁二烯或另一聚合物添加剂改性的双酚A环氧树脂。
本发明的可活化材料包括足量的弹性材料或橡胶材料,这些材料可以是一种弹性体或数种不同弹性体的混合物。使用时,弹性材料典型的占可活化材料至少约5%、更典型为至少约14%、进一步典型为至少25%,并且少于约65%、更典型为少于约45%、进一步典型为少于约35%。
使用作弹性材料的橡胶和弹性体包括但不仅限于天然橡胶、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、聚异丙烯橡胶、聚异丁烯橡胶、聚丁二烯橡胶、异丙烯-二丁烯共聚物、氯丁橡胶、丁腈橡胶(例如丁腈、诸如羧端基的丁腈橡胶)、丁基橡胶、聚硫弹性体、丙烯酸弹性体、丙烯腈弹性体、硅橡胶、聚硅氧烷、聚酯橡胶、二异氰酸酯连接的缩聚弹性体、EPDM(乙烯-丙烯双单体橡胶)、氯磺化聚乙烯、氟化烃等。特别优选的弹性体是以商品名VISTALON7800和2504销售的EPDM,从Exxon Mobil Chemical商业可得。另一个优选的弹性体是以商品名H-1500销售的聚丁烯异丁烯-丁烯共聚物,从BP Amoco Chemical商业可得。
含弹性体的加成物也可用于本发明的可活化材料,诸如环氧/弹性体加成物。环氧/弹性体混合物或反应产物可以包括达到约80%重量或更多的可活化材料。更典型地,当包括了含弹性体的加成物时,其占可活化材料的约20-80%重量、优选约30-70%重量。加成物本身通常包括约1∶5到5∶1份的环氧与弹性体、优选为约1∶3到3∶1份。弹性体化合物可以是热固形或其它弹性体。示例的弹性体包括但不限于天然橡胶、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、聚异丁烯橡胶、聚丁二烯、异丙烯-丁二烯共聚物、氯丁橡胶、丁腈橡胶(例如丁腈、诸如羧端基的丁腈橡胶)、丁基橡胶、聚硫弹性体、丙烯酸弹性体、丙烯腈弹性体、硅橡胶、聚硅氧烷、聚酯橡胶、二异氰酸酯连接的缩聚弹性体、EPDM(乙烯-丙烯双单体橡胶)、氯磺化聚乙烯、氟化烃等。在一个实施方式中使用了回收轮胎橡胶。
当添加到可活化材料中时,优选添加含弹性体的加成物以改变材料的结构性能,诸如强度、韧性、刚性、弯曲模量等。此外,含弹性体的加成物可以被选定以使得可活化材料更兼容涂料,诸如水性涂料或打底漆***或其它传统涂料。
一种或多种发泡剂可以添加到可活化材料中。这些发泡剂有助于形成多孔或发泡可活化材料,其典型地具有低密度和/或重量。
发泡剂可以是物理发泡剂或化学发泡剂。例如,发泡剂可以是当暴露于加热条件时会膨胀的热塑性胶囊状溶剂。或者,发泡剂可以产生化学反应,从而当加热或潮湿的条件下或者暴露于另一种化学反应物时释放气体。
发泡剂可以包括一种或多种含氮官能团,例如酰胺、胺等。合适的发泡剂实例包括偶氮二碳酰胺、二硝基五亚甲基四胺、4,4j-氧基-双(苯磺酰肼)、三肼基三嗪和N,Nj-二甲基-N,Nj-二亚甲基对苯二甲酰胺。
还可以向可活化材料中提供发泡剂用加速剂。可以使用各种加速剂以增加发泡剂在形成惰性气体的速度。一种优选的发泡剂加速剂是金属盐或氧化物,例如金属氧化物,比如氧化锌。其它优选的加速剂包括改性或未改性的噻唑或咪唑,脲等。在可活化材料中发泡剂和加速剂的量可以根据所期望的多孔结构的类型、可膨胀材料的膨胀状态和膨胀速率等发生较大变化。示例的可活化材料中发泡剂和加速剂的量在约0.001%-约5%重量分数之间变化。
一种或多种固化剂和/或固化剂促进剂可以加入到可活化材料中。可活化材料中的固化剂和固化剂促进剂的用量可如同发泡剂一样在较大范围内变化,这取决于所需的多孔结构的类型、可活化材料的所需膨胀量、所需的膨胀速度和可活化材料的所需结构性能等。存在于可活化材料内的固化剂或固化剂促进剂的例举范围为约0.001%至约7%重量分数。
典型地,通过聚合物、环氧树脂或二者的交联帮助可活化材料固化。还期望固化剂辅助热固化可活化材料。有用的几组固化剂是选自脂族或芳族胺或其各自的加成物、酰氨基胺、聚酰胺、脂环族胺、酸酐、聚羧酸聚酯、异氰酸酯、酚基树脂(例如苯酚或甲酚novolak型树脂,共聚物如苯酚萜烯的那些共聚物、聚乙烯基苯酚,或双酚A甲醛共聚物、双羟基苯基烷烃或类似物)、硫磺或其混合物中的材料。特别优选的固化剂包括改性和未改性的多胺或聚酰胺如三亚乙基四胺、二亚乙基三胺、四亚乙基五胺、氰基胍、双氰胺和类似物。也可提供用于制备可活化材料的固化剂用促进剂(例如改性或未改性的脲如亚甲基二苯基双脲、咪唑或其结合)。其他固化加速剂的示例包括但不限于金属氨基甲酸盐(例如二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铜、二丁基硫代氨基甲酸新、其混合物等)、二硫化物(例如二苯并噻唑二硫化物)。
尽管较长的固化时间也是可能的,但对于本发明的配方来说,小于5分钟,和甚至小于30秒的固化时间是可能的。而且这样的固化时间既可以根据在材料上外加的能量(例如加热、光照、辐射)也可以根据在室温固化材料的情况来决定。
作为建议,特别需要快速固化剂和/或加速剂以缩短开始固化到基本完全固化(即至少固化了可活化材料中可能的90%)之间的时间,以及在可活化材料具备了自我支撑特性时进行固化。在此使用的开始固化时只占完全固化的至少3%但不超过10%。对于本发明,非常希望在开始固化到完全固化之间的时间少于约30分钟,更希望少于约10分钟甚至少于约5分钟,更甚至为少于1分钟。应当注意与聚合物材料的软化时间更相关地、固化时间和气泡形成或发泡时间能够帮助膨胀材料的活化而不损失其自我支撑特性。通常,可预期到本领域技术人员通过采用以上讨论的各种固化剂和/或加速剂进行实验能够找到所期望的固化时间。已经发现用于活化期间固化的双氰胺固化剂或其他固化剂、诸如以商品名ANCAMINE 2441或2442或2014AS销售的环烷胺或加速剂、以商品名CUREZOL 2MA-OK销售的咪唑(例如4-二氨基-6[2’-甲基咪唑-(1’)乙基-三嗪异氰酸酯)、以商品名PN-23销售的胺加成物、以商品名ADH销售的可从Air Products商业得到的脂肪肼和以商品名LC-65销售的可从A&CCatalyst商业得到的异氰酸酯能够获得希望的固化时间。
此外根据上述建议,可活化材料可以设计成包括固化剂以便在该材料活化之前至少部分地固化该可活化材料。优选地,单独的部分固化或结合可活化材料的其他特征或成份的固化可以赋予可活化材料足够的自支撑特性,以使其在活化和/或发泡过程中在不明显损失形状或在重力方向上不明显流动的同时扩展容积。
在一个实施方式中,可活化材料包括第一固化剂和可选的第一固化加速剂以及第二固化剂和可选的第二固化加速剂,这些均优选为潜性的。第一固化剂和/或加速剂通常被设计成在加工可活化材料的过程中(例如加工、混合、成型或它们的组合)部分固化可活化材料以至少协助可活化材料为其提供所期望的自我支撑特性。第二固化剂和/或加速剂通常为潜性的,以使得当暴露于诸如热、潮湿或类似条件时固化可活化材料。
在本实施方式的一个优选实施例中,第二固化剂和/或加速剂是潜性的,这样其中的一个或两个都在第二温度或活化温度或温度范围内固化膨胀材料的聚合物材料。然而,第一固化剂和/或加速剂也是潜性的,但是其中之一或两者都在暴露于第一激发温度时部分固化可膨胀材料,其中该温度低于第二温度或活化温度。第一温度和部分固化通常发生于材料混合、成形或这两个过程期间。例如,第一温度和部分固化能够发生在用于混合可活化材料的成分并通过模具挤出为特定形状的挤出机中。又例如,第一温度和部分固化可以发生在用于成形且可选的混合膨胀材料的成分的成型机中(例如注射成型、压模吹塑)。
该第二或活化温度和基本完全固化可以在放置了可活化材料的制品被加工期间所经历的温度下发生。例如,在汽车工业中,外壳(e-coat)和涂料烘箱能够提供活化温度。典型地,如下详述期望可活化材料在活化温度下固化的同时还进行另外的膨胀(例如发泡)。部分固化可以通过各种技术实现。例如,第一固化剂和/或加速剂可以以亚化学计量的量添加到可膨胀材料中,这样聚合物材料就实质上提供了比仅通过第一固化剂和/或加速剂引发更多的反应位点。优选的第一固化剂和/或加速剂的亚化学计量通常以占由聚合物材料提供的可反应位点不大于60%、不大于40%或不大于30%,25%或甚至15%引发反应。另外,部分固化可以通过提供第一固化剂和/或加速剂有效进行,当提供了多种不同聚合物材料时该固化剂和/或加速剂仅对某一百分比的聚合物材料起反应,并且该固化剂和/或加速剂对一种或一部分聚合物材料具有反应性。在该实施方式中,第一固化剂和/或加速剂通常与重量上不大于60%、不大于40%或不大于30%,25%或甚至15%的聚合物材料进行反应。
在另一实施方式中,可活化材料可以使用双组份***成型,其中所述双组份***是将第一组份与第二组份混合后部分固化。在该实施方式中,第一组份通常配备有第一固化剂、第一固化加速剂或这两种成分同时提供并且第二组份与一种或多种聚合物材料一起提供,该聚合物材料通过固化剂和/或加速剂在混合第一和第二组份时被固化(例如交联)。这种混合通常在低于80℃(例如接近室温或从约10℃到约30℃)的温度下进行。
如前述实施方式所述,单独的部分固化或结合可活化材料的其他特征或成份的固化赋予了可活化材料足够的自我支撑特性,由此在活化或发泡期间可活化材料不会在重力方向上发生充分地流动。
仍如前述的实施方式,混合时的部分固化可以通过各种技术实现。例如,在混合第一和第二组份时,第一固化剂和/或加速剂可以以亚化学计量的量存在于可活化材料中,这样聚合物材料可以提供比实际上由第一固化剂和/或加速剂引发更多的反应位点。优选第一固化剂和/或加速剂的亚化学计量的量通常引发由聚合物材料提供反应位点的不大于60%、不大于40%或不大于30%、25%或甚至15%进行固化。或者,部分固化可以通过提供仅与一定百分比的聚合物材料反应的第一固化剂和/或加速剂实现,这样当提供了多种不同聚合物材料时第一固化剂和/或加速剂仅与一种或一部分聚合物材料进行反应。在该实施方式中,通常第一固化剂和/或加速剂能够与重量上不大于60%、不大于40%或不大于30%、25%或甚至15%的聚合物材料进行反应。
可活化材料的其他成分(即额外的聚合物材料、填料、其它添加剂、发泡剂和/或加速剂等)可以是双组份***的第一或第二组份的其中一部分或分别添加。通常,其它额外的成分会以允许在第一与第二组份中可能的混合方式将组份之间分开。通常,这能帮助可活化材料保持充分均匀。
可活化材料还可以包括一种或多种填料,包括但不仅限于颗粒状材料(例如粉末)、小珠、微球或其他类似材料。优选地,填料包括密度相对低的材料,这些材料通常不与存在于可活化材料中的其它组分发生反应。
填料的实例包括氧化硅、硅藻土、玻璃、粘土、滑石、颜料、着色剂、玻璃珠或玻璃泡、玻璃、碳化陶瓷纤维、抗氧剂、和其他类似材料。这些填料中特别是粘土能够帮助可活化材料在材料的流动中自己找平。可用作填料的粘土可以包括能钙化的高岭土、伊利石、绿泥石、蒙脱土或海泡石官能团。合适的填料实例包括但不限于滑石、蛭石、叶腊石、锌蒙脱石、皂石、绿脱石、蒙脱石或其混合物。这些粘土还可以包括少量其它成分,比如碳酸盐、长石、云母和石英。填料还可以包括氯化铵,比如二甲基氯化铵、二甲基苯基氯化铵。还可以采用二氧化钛。在一个优选实施方式中,一种或多种矿物或岩石类填料诸如碳酸钙、碳酸钠或类似的材料可以用作填料。在另一优选实施方式中,硅酸盐矿物如云母可以用作填料。已经发现,除了表现出填料常规的功能外,硅酸盐和云母特别能改善固化的可活化材料的抗冲击性。
应用时,在可活化材料中填料的量占可活化材料重量的10%-90%的范围内。根据某些实施方式,可活化材料可以在重量上包括从约0.001%到约30%、优选约10%到约20%的粘土或类似填料。粉状(例如约0.01到约50、优选约1到25微米的平均粒径)的矿物性填料可以包括占可活化材料重量上约5-70%、优选约10-约20%之间、更优选接近13%的量。
期望填料中的一种或其他材料的组分可以是触变的以帮助控制材料的流动性以及诸如抗张、抗压或剪切强度之类的特性。这些触变性填料可以向可活化材料额外提供自我支撑特性。触变性填料的实例包括但不限于硅石、碳酸钙、粘土、芳香尼龙纤维、纸浆或其它材料。一种优选的触变填料为合成的无定形二氧化硅。
通常,尽管并不必需,可活化材料会包括一种或多种阻燃剂。对可活化材料有用的阻燃剂包括卤化的聚合物、其他卤化材料、包含磷、溴、氯、溴、氧化物、其组合或类似物的材料(例如聚合物)。阻燃剂的实例包括但不限于氯化烷基磷酸盐、二甲基甲基磷酸酯、溴化聚醚、氧化锑、偏硼酸钙、氯化石蜡、溴化甲苯、六溴苯腈、氧化锑、石墨(例如膨胀石墨)、这些材料的混合物或类似的材料。
使用时,阻燃剂可以占可活化材料相当幅度的重量百分比。第一阻燃剂可以占可活化材料的高于2%、更典型为高于12%、甚至更典型的高于25%且甚至可能的高于35%的重量。
其它添加剂、助剂或性能改进剂也可以按需包含在膨胀的可活化材料中,包括但不限于抗UV剂、阻燃剂、抗冲改性剂、热稳定剂、UV光引发剂、着色剂、加工助剂、润滑剂、增强剂(例如碎玻璃或连续玻璃、陶瓷、尼龙纤维或碳纤维等类似材料)。
本发明的可活化材料通常包括粘接助剂,该助剂可以包括一种或多种成分的混合物。使用时,粘接助剂通常至少占可活化材料重量的约1%、更典型为至少约4%、甚至更典型地至少8%,而弹性材料典型地占可活化材料重量的低于约30%、更典型为低于约20%、甚至更典型地为低于约15%。可以采用各种粘接助剂,其包括但不限于环氧材料、丙烯酸酯、烯烃树脂或类似材料。一种特别优选的粘接助剂是来自Neville Chemical Company、以商品名SUPER NEVTAC99销售的烯烃树脂。另一种特别优选的粘接助剂是来自Kolon Chemical、以商品名HIKOTACK P-90S销售的烯烃树脂。
本发明的可活化材料典型地包括可以是一种或多种油的混合物的加工油。一种特别优选的加工油是来自Citgo oil、以商品名SENTRY320销售的精炼石油。使用时这种油可以按重量的约1%到约25%存在于可活化材料中,但也可以采用更高或更低的含量。
在一个优选实施方式中,本发明提供了一个蜂窝结构状制品的嵌件。蜂窝结构可以包括面板,该面板由具有两个相对板提供的蜂窝状中心组成。在本例中蜂窝可以由纸、织物、塑料或诸如可以是铝制金属栅的金属制成,而且表面可以是纸、塑料、碳或玻璃纤维或金属或更优选诸如填充了玻璃环氧预制料的纤维增强热固性树脂。
本发明进一步提供一种部件,该部件包括装配了嵌件的制品部件,其中嵌件和制品部件之间通过可热活化、热发泡粘合剂连接。在一个优选实施方式中制品部件是面板,优选该面板用于建筑、汽车或航空工业,包括用于飞机内部的面板并且该嵌件用于在部件上装配诸如铰链、夹具、手柄、螺栓、插销、锁具或标牌。
通过结合附图举例说明本发明,其中
图1显示了典型的装配有可拆缷封盖的嵌件。
图2显示了图1所示的嵌件位于蜂窝结构的空腔中。
图3显示了根据传统工艺将胶注射到空腔和嵌件中,从而提供出如图4所示的嵌件,当除去可拆卸的封盖时,暴露出如图5所示嵌件的螺纹。
图6显示本发明的如前所述装配了可活化粘合剂的嵌件,该粘合剂可以按传统工艺被活化并发泡以制成类似图5所示的结构。
图7显示本发明一个实施方式中可拆卸的封盖不是必需的。
图1显示金属嵌件(1)具有内螺纹(2)以及可拆卸的封盖(3)。该封盖具有两个孔(4)和(5)用于注射粘合剂和排出任意多余的粘合剂。
图2显示了图1所示嵌件装配在蜂窝结构(7)的空腔(6)中。
图3显示了根据传统方法,粘合剂(8)可以被注射到空腔(6)中以填充嵌件并将嵌件(1)粘接到蜂窝结构(7)上。
图4显示了粘合剂产品在(9)和(10)所标注的位置上轻微的超出可拆卸的封盖。
图5显示了封盖(3)和凸起(9)和(10)需要移除以提供带有嵌件的部件,其中所述嵌件以其表面被冲刷和可接受的美观而牢固地粘接。
图6和7显示了本发明的嵌件(1)装配了可以活化的粘合剂(11)以填充空腔并将嵌件粘接到空腔内。
图6显示了本发明的配备有可拆卸封盖的嵌件定位在空腔中,而图7显示了可以不需要该可拆卸的封盖。
权利要求书(按照条约第19条的修改)
1.一种能够将部件连接到制品上的嵌件,其中所述制品包含带有可活化粘合剂的嵌件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的嵌件,其中粘合剂是可发泡且热活化的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的嵌件,其中粘合剂是在环境温度可活化的。
4.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的嵌件,其中粘合剂是干燥可触且在室温时不粘的。
5.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的嵌件,其具有可拆卸的封盖或附件。
6.根据前述任一项权利要求上述的嵌件,其中嵌件具有螺纹镗孔。
7.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的嵌件,其中粘合剂是热塑性、热固性或热塑性和热固性的混合材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的嵌件,其中粘合剂能够提供结构性泡沫。
9.根据权利要求8所述的嵌件,其中该结构性泡沫是含环氧基的材料。
10.一种将部件连接到制品上的方法,包括在制品上形成一空腔,将能够把部件连接到制品上的嵌件设置在空腔中,所述嵌件携有可活化粘合剂,该活化粘合剂用以使嵌件与空腔内壁相粘结并使部件粘附在嵌件上。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中粘合剂是可发泡的粘合剂。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的方法,其中在加热的作用下粘合剂发泡并产生出粘结性能。
13.根据权利要求10-12中任一项所述的方法,其中粘合剂是在环境温度可活化的。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中在将嵌件放置于空腔之前将其保存在-18-10℃的温度范围内。
15.根据权利要求10-14所述的方法,其中制品部件是蜂窝结构。
16.根据权利要求10-15中任一项所述的方法,其中可活化粘合剂提供了泡沫结构。
17.一种包含有按照权利要求10-16中任一项方法制造的嵌件的制品。
18.根据权利要求17所述的制品,其中嵌件具有螺纹镗孔。
Claims (18)
1.一种带有可活化粘合剂的嵌件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的嵌件,其中可活化粘合剂是可发泡且可热活化的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的嵌件,其中粘合剂是在环境温度可活化的。
4.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的嵌件,其中粘合剂是干燥可触且在室温时不粘的。
5.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的嵌件,其具有可拆卸的封盖或附件。
6.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的嵌件,其中嵌件具有螺纹镗孔。
7.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的嵌件,其中粘合剂是热塑性、热固性或热塑性和热固性的混合材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的嵌件,其中粘合剂能够提供结构性泡沫。
9.根据权利要求8所述的嵌件,其中该结构性泡沫是含环氧基的材料。
10.一种在制品中装配嵌件的方法,包括在制品中形成空腔,将一携有可活化粘合剂的嵌件置于空腔中并活化该粘合剂以使嵌件与空腔内壁相粘结。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中粘合剂是可发泡的粘合剂。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的方法,其中在加热的作用下粘合剂发泡并产生出粘结性能。
13.根据权利要求10-12中任一项所述的方法,其中粘合剂是在环境温度可活化的。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中在将嵌件放置于空腔之前将其保存在-18-10℃的温度范围内。
15.根据权利要求10-14所述的方法,其中制品部件是蜂窝结构。
16.根据权利要求10-15中任一项所述的方法,其中可活化粘合剂提供了泡沫结构。
17.一种包含有按照权利要求10-16中任一项方法制造的嵌件的制品。
18.根据权利要求17所述的制品,其中嵌件具有螺纹镗孔。
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CN104029733A (zh) * | 2013-03-04 | 2014-09-10 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | 固结树脂构造体及其制造方法 |
CN105682897A (zh) * | 2013-10-04 | 2016-06-15 | 泽菲罗斯公司 | ***件的粘附方法和装置 |
CN103589349A (zh) * | 2013-10-26 | 2014-02-19 | 衡阳泰豪通信车辆有限公司 | 一种蜂窝芯的拼接方法 |
CN104804657A (zh) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-07-29 | 麦格纳斯太尔工程两合公司 | 粘合连接和粘合方法 |
US9702391B2 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2017-07-11 | MAGNA STEYR Engineering AG & Co KG | Adhesive joint and adhesion process |
CN105940227A (zh) * | 2014-04-07 | 2016-09-14 | 宝马股份公司 | 带有连接元件的塑料构件 |
CN108999848A (zh) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-14 | 廖晓阳 | 一种用于实现雕刻式吹塑制品分段连接的连接组件 |
CN108999848B (zh) * | 2018-08-24 | 2024-01-30 | 廖晓阳 | 一种用于实现雕刻式吹塑制品分段连接的连接组件 |
CN118257766A (zh) * | 2024-05-30 | 2024-06-28 | 洛阳船舶材料研究所(中国船舶集团有限公司第七二五研究所) | 一种金属框架与大厚度夹心复合材料连接结构及成型方法 |
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EP2350218B1 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
EP2350218A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
CN105885708A (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
WO2010040499A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
GB0818498D0 (en) | 2008-11-19 |
US20110220267A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
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