CN102229511A - Rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer and production method thereof - Google Patents
Rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer and a production method thereof. A long-acting part of the rapid long-acting humic acid multivariate fertilizer comprises raw materials of, by weight, 15-20% of urea, 5-10% of ammonium sulfate, 5-10% of ammonium chloride, 5-15% of monoammonium phosphate, 8-15% of calcium magnesium phosphate, 10-20% of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, 10-15% of waste residues left from iron selection of pyrite smelting slag, 25-50% of humic acid, 5-25% of phosphogypsum and 5-12% of dolomite powder; A rapid part comprises raw materials of, by weight, humic acid urea prepared from 20-30% of urea and 40-50% of instant humic acid, 5-15% of monoammonium phosphate, 10-20% of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, 0.5-1% of borax, 1-3% of zinc sulfate, 2-5% of magnesium sulfate, 0.2-1% of copper sulfate and 0.01-0.05% of ammonium molybdate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to quick-acting controlled availability fertilizers and production method thereof that a kind of agriculture production is used, belong to the production of compound fertilizer technical field.
Background technology
The fertilizer efficiency period of the existing compound fertilizer of China is owing to be subjected to the restriction of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, fertilizer efficiency period is all very short, is generally 50-60 days, can not satisfy the crop whole growing to nutrient demand, has limited the enthusiasm that the peasant selects compound fertilizer for use.Also have the following disadvantages: plant recovery of nutrient is low, the fertilizer nutrient proportioning is unreasonable etc.According to surveying and determination, the common compound fertilizer of China is utilization ratio less than 29% then, has not only reduced the whole application effect of fertilizer, and has improved peasant's input cost more than 10 percentage points than external product is low, has increased peasant burden; In the fertile market of the present compound of China, with the shared proportion maximum of the fertilizer of 15:15:15 type, this nutrient proportioning can only be suitable for base manure to be used, and increasing the requirement simplified fertilization program in the agriculture production, and this conventional fertilizers can not adapt to the needs of production.The unreasonable configuration and the disorderly competition of scope of the enterprise in addition hindered the fast development of China composite fertilizer industry.
Based on the problem of above existence, the fertile enterprise of the compound of China wants the heel of stopping, and tries to achieve development, must use of the new technology and improve the quality of products, and then improve the competitive power in market.Must accelerate to improve the process of chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and improvement chemical fertilizer environmental pollution, to adapt to the requirement of 21 century high-efficiency agriculture development.The key subject of the agricultural of development high yield, high-quality, environment harmony, must walk a development release and release control fertilizer and stable fertilizer, the controlled chemical fertilizer material innovation road that advances fertilizer to discharge as present China.Advance composite fertilizer's controlledization innovation system, by innovative technology, the time of releasing of control nutrient, and then reach the method for supplying with required fertilizer nutrient according to the plant growth needs.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of quick-acting long-acting humic acid polyelement fertilizer and production method thereof, to overcome deficiencies such as the fertilizer efficiency period that prior art exists is short, plant recovery of nutrient is low, the fertilizer nutrient proportioning is unreasonable.
Quick-acting long-acting humic acid polyelement fertilizer of the present invention is by the following technical solutions: long-acting part comprises the raw material of following weight part ratio: urea 15-20%, ammonium sulfate 5-10%, ammonium chloride 5-10%, monoammonium phosphate 5-15, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8-15%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10-20%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 10-15%, humic acid 25-50% behind the iron, phosphogypsum 5-25%, ground dolomite 5-12%; Quick-acting parts comprise the raw material of following weight part ratio: contain the UHA that urea 20-30% and instantly-soluble humic acid 40-50% make, monoammonium phosphate 5-10%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10-20%, borax 0.5-1%, zinc sulfate 1-3%, sal epsom 2-5%, copper sulfate 0.2-1%, ammonium molybdate 0.01-0.05%.
Specifically, described long-acting part comprises the raw material of following weight part ratio: urea 15%, ammonium sulfate 5%, ammonium chloride 5%, monoammonium phosphate 5%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 10% behind the iron, humic acid 25%, phosphogypsum 5%, ground dolomite 5%; Quick-acting parts comprise the raw material of following weight part ratio: contain the UHA that urea 20% and instantly-soluble humic acid 40% are made, monoammonium phosphate 5%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, borax 0.5%, zinc sulfate 1%, sal epsom 2%, copper sulfate 0.2%, ammonium molybdate 0.01%.
Described long-acting part comprises the raw material of following weight part ratio: urea 20%, ammonium sulfate 10%, ammonium chloride 10%, monoammonium phosphate 15%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 15%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 15% behind the iron, humic acid 50%, phosphogypsum 25%, ground dolomite 12%; Quick-acting parts comprise the raw material of following weight part ratio: contain the UHA that urea 30% and instantly-soluble humic acid 50% are made, monoammonium phosphate 10%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, borax 1%, zinc sulfate 3%, sal epsom 5%, copper sulfate 1%, ammonium molybdate 0.05%.
Described pyrite cinder selects behind the iron Fe in the waste residue
2O
3Content 〉=30%.
The production method of quick-acting long-acting humic acid polyelement fertilizer of the present invention is by the following technical solutions: the raw material of described long-acting part is through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, the release-controlled coated work in-process that make; The raw material of quick-acting parts makes work in-process through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening; Measure the hybrid packed finished product that makes according to various crop growth characteristics in the ratio of long-acting part 60-90% and quick-acting part 40-10%.
Described instantly-soluble humic acid is humic acid to be added sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide add the water boiling again and make sodium humate or potassium humate, its solubleness 〉=98%
The present invention is according to effect and the advanced plant nutrition theory of humic acid to plant, and in conjunction with the production level and the present situation of China's compound fertilizer, develop a kind of quick-acting, long-acting, environmental protection, fertilizer cheaply, it not only contains necessary for plant growth three big elemental nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, but also multiple middle trace elements such as sulfur-bearing, calcium, magnesium, iron, boron, silicon, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, copper, be rich in again and can promote crop that above-mentioned mineral nutrient element is absorbed, increases substantially the humic acid of utilization rate of fertilizer, and comprise the organic matter that China big area soil is lacked.
Humic acid contains the various active functional gene, can strengthen to make object hydrogen peroxide enzyme, and the activity of polyphenoloxidase stimulates physiological metabolism, promotes to grow.Can impel seed to germinate ahead of time as humic acid, the seedling rate height, particularly remarkable at low temperatures; Can stimulate the division and the growth of the extreme meristematic cell of root system, make the seedling root of hair fast, this takes root many, and the root amount increases, and root elongation makes crop absorb moisture, the increase of nutrient ability.Therefore, the nutrient supply abundance, stem of plant is healthy and strong, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion soon, and photosynthesis strengthens, and quickens nutrient and shifts to sporophore, promotes that crop shifts to an earlier date painted maturation.Humic acid contains carboxyl, and there are stronger ion-exchange and adsorptive power in functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl group, can make the loss of carbon ammonium minimizing ammonium nitrogen, improves the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer.Through the nitro humus acid of oxidative degradation, can suppress to urinate the enzyme activity, reduce the urea volatilization.The nitro humus acid of degraded increases the distance that phosphorus moves in soil, suppress soil to water-soluble phosphorus fixation, makes rapid available phosphorus be converted into slow effect phosphorus, promotes the absorption of root system to phosphorus.Humic acid functional group can absorb the storage potassium ion, and potash fertilizer is slowly decomposed, and increases the burst size of potassium, improves the content of available potassium.Huge legendary turtle can be taken place and be closed reaction in humic acid and insoluble trace element, generates the humic acid trace element huge legendary turtle compound that solvability can be absorbed by crop well, thereby helps root system and Foliage Absorption trace element.Humic acid can promote the formation of soil aggregate, regulate P in soil H value, regulate the soil water, fertilizer, gas, thermal conditions, improve the soil exchange capacity, reach acid base equilibrium, improve the soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability, promote the activity of soil microorganisms, bacterium, the actinomycetes of gas, the quantity of cellulose-decomposing bacterium are increased, quicken the decomposition and inversion of organic substance, promote nutritive element to discharge, be convenient to crop and absorb nutrition.Humic acid can reduce the plant leaf seven apertures in the human head and open intensity, reduces the blade face transpiration, thereby has kept the water yield, and the interior water regime of plant body is improved, and guarantees crop normal growth growth under drought condition, strengthens drought resistance.Humic acid mostly is amphotytoid, and surfactivity is big, and fungi is had restraining effect, and it is cold to strengthen crop hole, is easily adsorbed by cytolemma, changes seeing through property of cytolemma, promotes the absorption of inorganic nutrients, prevents canker, root rot, reduces disease and pest.
Humic acid can form complex compound or huge legendary turtle compound with trace element, increase trace element from the quantity of root to leaf portion or the running of other position, regulate major element and micro-ratio and equilibrium condition, strengthen the synthetic running of enzyme sugar, starch, protein, fat and various VITAMIN.Can promote the activity of enzyme, make polysaccharide be converted into solubility monose, the dynamic accumulation of starch, protein, fatty substance is increased, quicken various metabolic elementary products and turn round to fruit and seed, make fruit plentiful, abundant from cauline leaf or root.
Compared with prior art, originally to invent and have the following advantages:
1, fertilizer efficiency period is long, has certain controllability.Controlled availability fertilizer is supplied with the nutrient validity period can reach 110-120 days, can satisfy the most farm crop of China time of infertility to nutrient demand, the length of validity period is adjustable in 50-120 days, and can adjust according to Different Crop, different soils, different weather condition.
2, plant recovery of nutrient height.The technical system that controlled availability fertilizer takes sustained release to combine with protection validity; its release is coordinated mutually with the plant growth demand; thereby improved utilization ratio; average plant recovery of nutrient can reach 42-45%; wherein to reach 40-45%, phosphorus utilization be that the utilization ratio of 20-30%, potassium reaches 30-40% to nitrogen utilization efficiency, improves 12-20 percentage point than common fertilizer utilization ratio.
3, amount of increase in production is big, crop bar maturation alive.Controlled availability fertilizer is applied on the Different Crop, and effect of increasing production is obvious.Test-results shows that the Different Crop amount of increase in production is as follows: corn can reach 19.9%, and paddy rice can reach 21.0%, and spring wheat can reach 15.3%, and winter wheat can reach 10%.
4, reduction is to the pollution of environment.Controlled availability fertilizer is by increasing operation rate, nitrate radical, nitrite anions and Nitrous Oxide have been reduced to water body and atmospheric pollution, avoided the thermosetting of traditional coated fertilizer shell, thermoplastic resin material pollution of circulation, provide technical support for reducing the pollution of area source that causes that applies fertilizer.
Fertilizer is to drop into maximum class capital goods in the agricultural sector during modern agriculture is produced, and accounts for 1/2nd of the total input of agriculture production.Estimate that according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO the effect of fertilizer in the agricultural-food volume increase accounts for 40-60%.Therefore, fertilizer is described as grain " grain ".Solve the food shortage problem, the effect of fertilizer can not be ignored.The population that accounts for the world 22% is supported in the arable land that middle national expenditures only accounts for the world 7%, and the contribution of fertilizer is performed meritorious deeds never to be obliterated.China for a long time, the chemical fertilizers production kind is single, based on the instant chemical fertilizer of lower concentration simple substance, the instant bicarbonate of ammonia of the lower concentration in the nitrogenous fertilizer still accounts for about 48%, high concentration urea accounts for about 43%, effect composite fertilizer preferably only accounts for about 10% of chemical fertilizer ultimate production.And the nutrient releasing speed of these fertilizer can not artificially control, and release rate is too fast, and crop has little time to absorb, and loss is serious.
Compound fertilizer has obtained developing rapidly in China in recent years, particularly nearly 5 years, output has been turned over some substantially on original basis, but ratio still has only about the 28%-30% of total fertile amount, differ nearly more than 30 percentage points with about 60% of developed country, in addition, the wretched insufficiency that technical elements exists also is one of bottleneck of the Chinese composite fertilizer of restriction development.
The polynary fertilizer of quick-acting thus long-acting humic acids is a kind of long-acting compound fertilizer that can satisfy the single fertilization needs, solved and had all problems in the fertiliser production, make the effect and the two items of price of this product reach the acceptable world lead level of agriculture production, the application of this fertilizer technology has not only improved the fertilizer products structure, increase the proportion of high-tech product, and improved the market competitiveness and the benefit of enterprise.The key subject of the agricultural of development high yield, high-quality, environment harmony, must walk quick-acting controlled availability fertilizers of development and stable fertilizer, the controlled chemical fertilizer material innovation road that advances fertilizer to discharge as present China.Advance composite fertilizer's controlledization innovation system, by this innovative technology, the time of releasing of control nutrient, and then reach the method for supplying with required fertilizer nutrient according to the plant growth needs.
Development by quick-acting long-acting humic acid polyelement fertilizer, be applied to make in the Industry Promotion positive useful exploration, obtained good economic and social benefit.Be the progress of agricultural, allow more peasant use novel two and imitate (quick-acting, long-acting) fertilizer, for the peasant has created considerable economic and social benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention:
The present invention constitutes like this: it is to be mixed with the weight ratio of waste residue after humic acid and the pyrite cinder choosing with 25-50%:10-15%, be equipped with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassic fertilizer again and in other trace element process and be long-acting work in-process and quick-acting work in-process, by a certain percentage two kinds of work in-process are measured the hybrid packed product that makes according to various plant growth characteristics again.
Specifically, it can select waste residue 10% behind the iron, humic acid 25%, phosphogypsum 5%, ground dolomite 5% by a certain percentage through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, release-controlled coated making (long-acting) work in-process with urea 15%, ammonium sulfate 5%, ammonium chloride 5%, monoammonium phosphate 5%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, pyrite cinder.Make UHA with urea 20% and instantly-soluble humic acid 40% again, add monoammonium phosphate 5%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, borax 0.5%, zinc sulfate 1%, sal epsom 2%, copper sulfate 0.2%, ammonium molybdate 0.01% by a certain percentage through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, sieve, make (quick-acting) work in-process.Account for the ratio that 60-80% and quick-acting part account for 40-20% according to various crop growth characteristics in long-acting part and measure the hybrid packed product that makes.
In particular, it can also select waste residue 15% behind the iron, humic acid 50%, phosphogypsum 25%, ground dolomite 12% by a certain percentage through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, release-controlled coated making (long-acting) work in-process with urea 20%, ammonium sulfate 10%, ammonium chloride 10%, monoammonium phosphate 15%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 15%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, pyrite cinder.Make UHA with urea 30% and instantly-soluble humic acid 50% again, add monoammonium phosphate 10%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, borax 1%, zinc sulfate 3%, sal epsom 5%, copper sulfate 1%, ammonium molybdate 0.05% by a certain percentage through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, sieve, make (quick-acting) work in-process.Account for the ratio that 70-90% and quick-acting part account for 30-10% according to various crop growth characteristics in long-acting part and measure the hybrid packed product that makes.
Above-described qualified humic acid, content of humic acid 〉=40%, organic content 〉=80%, moisture≤30%.
Above-described pyrite cinder selects behind the iron Fe in the waste residue
2O
3Content 〉=30%.
The production method of instantly-soluble humic acid of the present invention: be qualified humic acid to be added sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide add the water boiling again and make sodium humate or potassium humate, its solubleness should 〉=98%, is the instantly-soluble humic acid.
Claims (6)
1. quick-acting long-acting humic acid polyelement fertilizer, it is characterized in that: long-acting part comprises the raw material of following weight part ratio: urea 15-20%, ammonium sulfate 5-10%, ammonium chloride 5-10%, monoammonium phosphate 5-15%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8-15%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10-20%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 10-15%, humic acid 25-50% behind the iron, phosphogypsum 5-25%, ground dolomite 5-12%; Quick-acting parts comprise the raw material of following weight part ratio: contain the UHA that urea 20-30% and instantly-soluble humic acid 40-50% make, monoammonium phosphate 5-10%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10-20%, borax 0.5-1%, zinc sulfate 1-3%, sal epsom 2-5%, copper sulfate 0.2-1%, ammonium molybdate 0.01-0.05%.
2. quick-acting long-acting humic acid polyelement fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: long-acting part comprises the raw material of following weight part ratio: urea 15%, ammonium sulfate 5%, ammonium chloride 5%, monoammonium phosphate 5%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 10% behind the iron, humic acid 25%, phosphogypsum 5%, ground dolomite 5%; Quick-acting parts comprise the raw material of following weight part ratio: contain the UHA that urea 20% and instantly-soluble humic acid 40% are made, monoammonium phosphate 5%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 10%, borax 0.5%, zinc sulfate 1%, sal epsom 2%, copper sulfate 0.2%, ammonium molybdate 0.01%.
3. quick-acting long-acting humic acid polyelement fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: long-acting part comprises the raw material of following weight part ratio: urea 20%, ammonium sulfate 10%, ammonium chloride 10%, monoammonium phosphate 15%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 15%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, pyrite cinder select waste residue 15% behind the iron, humic acid 50%, phosphogypsum 25%, ground dolomite 12%; Quick-acting parts comprise the raw material of following weight part ratio: contain the UHA that urea 30% and instantly-soluble humic acid 50% are made, monoammonium phosphate 10%, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 20%, borax 1%, zinc sulfate 3%, sal epsom 5%, copper sulfate 1%, ammonium molybdate 0.05%.
4. according to the described quick-acting long-acting humic acid polyelement fertilizer of the arbitrary claim of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: pyrite cinder selects behind the iron Fe in the waste residue
2O
3Content 〉=30%.
5. production method as the described quick-acting long-acting humic acid polyelement fertilizer of the arbitrary claim of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: the raw material of long-acting part is through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, the release-controlled coated work in-process that make; The raw material of quick-acting parts makes work in-process through pulverizing, mixing, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening; Measure the hybrid packed finished product that makes according to various crop growth characteristics in the ratio of long-acting part 60-90% and quick-acting part 40-10%.
6. according to the production method of each described quick-acting long-acting humic acid polyelement fertilizer among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the instantly-soluble humic acid is humic acid to be added sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide add the water boiling again and make sodium humate or potassium humate, its solubleness 〉=98%.
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| CN102585837A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-18 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for preventing ginseng red coating root disease |
| CN102807411A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-05 | 云南云澳达坚果开发有限公司 | Flower-promoting fruit-retention composite fertilizer for Australian nut adult trees |
| CN103204729A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2013-07-17 | 山东新沭化化肥有限公司 | Composite fertilizer comprising chitin, humic acid, and middle and trace elements |
| CN103204730A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2013-07-17 | 山东新沭化化肥有限公司 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprising chitin, humic acid, and middle and trace elements |
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