CN102227037B

CN102227037B - Dielectric-loaded quadrifilar helix antenna with omnidirectional, circular polarization, and high gain performances

Info

Publication number: CN102227037B
Application number: CN201110073345.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任冬梅; 佘川飞; 庄馗
Original assignee: Institute of Electronic Engineering of CAEP
Current assignee: Institute of Electronic Engineering of CAEP
Priority date: 2011-03-25
Filing date: 2011-03-25
Publication date: 2014-04-16
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-25
Also published as: CN102227037A

Abstract

The invention discloses a dielectric-loaded quadrifilar helix antenna with omnidirectional, circular polarization, and high gain performances. The antenna comprises a feed network and a radiation main body. According to the invention, a radio frequency signal of the feed network is transmitted to a first metal column 3 through an internal conductor 1 of a radio frequency coaxial cable and is transmitted to a second metal column 4, a third metal column 5 through an outer conductor 2; the first metal column 3 feeds power respectively to a first metal helix 9 and a second metal helix 10 on an outer surface of a dielectric cylinder 17 through a first metal tape 6, and the second metal column 4 feeds power to a third metal helix 11 on the outer surface of the dielectric cylinder 17 through a second metal tape 7; and the third metal column 5 feeds power to a fourth metal helix 12 on the outer surface of the dielectric cylinder 17 through a third metal tape 8, the line width of the first to the fourth metal helix 9-12 is gradually thicker from the end part to the tail part. According to the invention, a simple and compact structure is employed, and technical indexes of an antenna are ingeniously realized, wherein the indexes includes omnidirection, circular polarization, and high gain. Besides, the dielectric-loaded quadrifilar helix antenna has advantages of compact structure, small in size, light in weight, low cost, high efficiency, and good adaptability to environment; moreover, the antenna is easy to process and easy to tune.

Description

A kind of Circular polarized omni-directional high gain medium loads four-arm spiral antenna

Technical field

The present invention relates to medium loading helical antenna technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Circular polarized omni-directional high gain medium and load four-arm spiral antenna.

Background technology

Omnidirectional circular-polarized antenna has a circular polarization characteristics comprehensive, at aspects such as communication, radar, electronic countermeasures, remote measurement, remote sensing, astronomy and television broadcastings, has boundless application prospect.In order to reach certain coverage, require antenna to there is higher gain.Therefore, developing a kind of Circular polarized omni-directional high-gain aerial has important practical significance.

At present, the mode that realizes omnidirectional circular-polarized antenna generally has many antennas and single antenna two schemes.

Many antenna scheme are generally by multiple antennas, i.e. each antenna cover one orientation at horizontal plane composition one circle, thereby realizes omnibearing circular polarization characteristics, have feeding network complexity, volume is large, floor space is large, high cost shortcoming.In addition, also can very easily there is the phenomenon of " axial ratio worsens suddenly in some little angular ranges ".

Single antenna scheme is generally provided with the rosette being parallel to each other on coaxial cable outer conductor, rosette place plane is vertical with coaxial cable, on coaxial cable outer conductor between adjacent metal disk, process the inclined slot of some symmetries, form a radiating element.Radiating element quantity is depended in the gain of this antenna, and the deviation in roundness of horizontal plane depends on the gap quantity on radiating element, its weak point be machining accuracy high, be difficult for tuning, environmental suitability is not good enough.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problems such as the high and difficult adjusting of general omnidirectional circular-polarized antenna complex structure, requirement on machining accuracy, the invention provides a kind of Circular polarized omni-directional high-gain four-arm spiral antenna of radio frequency coaxial-cable direct feed, can realize the technical indicator of omnidirectional, circular polarization, high-gain aerial.

Object of the present invention is specifically achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of Circular polarized omni-directional high gain medium loads four-arm spiral antenna, comprise feeding network and radiating principal, feeding network comprises the inner wire (1) of radio frequency coaxial-cable, be positioned at the outer conductor (2) in inner wire (1) outside, inner wire (1) is provided with the first metal column (3), the top of the first metal column (3) connects the first metal tape (6), on outer conductor (2), be provided with the second metal column (4) and the 3rd metal column (5) that radial symmetric distributes, described the second metal column (4), the 3rd metal column (5) top respectively with the second metal tape (7), tri-metallic strip (8) connects,

Radiating principal comprises the media cylinders (17) being arranged on outside feeding network, is loaded with first to fourth wire spiral (9)-(12) of spiral winding on the circumferential outer surface of media cylinders (17); The end of first, second wire spiral (9), (10) is connected with the two ends of described the first metal tape (6) respectively, and the end of the 3rd, the 4th wire spiral (11), (12) is connected with the second metal tape (7) and tri-metallic strip (8) respectively; The afterbody of first to fourth wire spiral (9)-(12) is connected with respectively first to fourth and absorbs wire (13)-(16), and the live width of described first to fourth wire spiral (9)-(12) is from end to caudal directions chap gradually.

Further, described media cylinders (17) adopts low-loss microwave material to make.

The present invention adopts the New Scheme of " cross feed of radio frequency coaxial-cable inner and outer conductor is to spiral four arms ", with simple, compact structure, ingenious effective feed of having realized four-arm spiral antenna comprehensive (0 °, 180 °, 0 °, 180 °, phase place); Four arm helixes adopt the prompt change technology of live width, front fine and rear thick, have improved the efficiency of antenna; Helix afterbody loads and absorbs wire, for absorbing end current, has effectively suppressed the impact of end current on antenna axial ratio and omnidirectional's characteristic; Realize the technical indicator of antenna omnidirectional, circular polarization, high-gain, there is short, compact conformation of design cycle, volume is little, lightweight, cost is low, easy processing, easy tuning, the advantage such as efficiency is high, good environmental adaptability.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the standing wave test result of the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the deviation in roundness test result of the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is the axial ratio test result of the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is the actual measurement figure of the specific embodiment of the invention at pitching face.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but implementation method of the present invention and claimed scope are not limited to this.

As shown in Figure 1, antenna structure comprises feeding network and radiating principal; Feeding network comprises inner conductor of radio frequency coaxial cable 1, is positioned at the outer conductor 2 in inner wire 1 outside.The top of inner wire 1 is connected with the first metal column 3, and the first metal column 3 is connected with the middle part of the first metal tape 6 again.On outer conductor 2, be provided with the second metal column 4 and the 3rd metal column 5 that radial symmetric distributes, described the second metal column 4, the 3rd metal column 5 tops respectively with the second metal tape 7, the 3rd gold medal, genus is with 8 connections.Radiating principal comprises the media cylinders 17 being arranged on outside feeding network, and the two ends of the first described metal tape 6 are overlapped in media cylinders 17, and one end of second and

third metal tape

7,8 is overlapped on respectively in media cylinders 17.In media cylinders 17, be loaded with first to

fourth wire spiral

9,10,11,12 for realizing circular polarization radiation; The end of first,

second wire spiral

9,10 is connected with the two ends of described the first metal tape 6 respectively, and the end of the 3rd, the

4th wire spiral

11,12 is connected with the second metal tape 7 and tri-metallic strip 8 respectively; The afterbody of first to fourth wire spiral 9-12 is connected with respectively first to fourth and absorbs wire 13-16.

The radiofrequency signal of feeding network is transferred to the first metal column 3 of top via inner conductor of radio frequency coaxial cable 1, be transferred to the second metal column 4 and the 3rd metal column 5 of top by outer conductor 2; The first metal column 3 is given the first and

second wire spiral

9,10 feeds of media cylinders 17 outer surfaces via the first metal tape 6 of top, the second metal column 4 is given the 3rd wire spiral 11 feeds of media cylinders 17 outer surfaces via the second metal tape 7 of top; The 3rd metal column 5 is given the 4th wire spiral 12 feeds of media cylinders 17 outer surfaces via the tri-metallic strip 8 of top.First to fourth of first to fourth wire spiral 9-12 afterbody absorbs wire 13-16 and is used for absorbing end current, effectively suppressed the impact of end current on antenna axial ratio and omnidirectional's characteristic.

The diameter of media cylinders 17 is 0.4 λ; The diameter of the first to three

metal column

3,4,5 and length are respectively 0.02 λ and 0.15 λ; First is 0.08 λ to tri-metallic

strip

6,7,8 live widths; First to fourth wire spiral 9-12, along the circumferential outer surface of media cylinders 17, according to helical-like path, extends to the lower surface edge of media cylinders 17 from media cylinders 17 tops, pitch is 1.65 λ, and lift angle is 52.7 °.The first half of first to fourth wire spiral 9-12 is wound around with the silver-coated copper wire that diameter is 0.0083 λ, latter half is wound around with the copper strips that width is 0.05 λ, at helix tail end, add and absorb wire 13-16, can absorb end current, prevent the reflection of its feed end to spiral and affect axial ratio and omnidirectional's characteristic of antenna.

The four circle helical antennas take S frequency range describe as example, and the diameter of media cylinders 17 is 48mm; The diameter of the first to three metal column and length are respectively 2.4mm and 18mm, and first is 9.6mm to tri-metallic strip live width; The pitch of first to fourth wire spiral is 198mm, and the silver-coated copper wire that the first half diameter of first to fourth wire spiral is 1mm is wound around, and the copper strips that latter half width is 6mm is wound around, and first to fourth absorbs diameter of wire is 1mm.

At microwave dark room, with HPE8363B vector network analyzer and HP85301A antenna auto testing instrument, its radiation characteristic is detected, specific as follows:

A) actual measurement standing wave is less than 2 bandwidth 69%, is less than 1.3, as shown in Figure 2 at working band standing internal wave;

B) in the actual measurement deviation in roundness of horizontal plane, be less than 2.3dB, as shown in Figure 3;

C) actual measurement axial ratio equals 1.1dB, as shown in Figure 4;

D) the actual measurement radiating pattern of pitching face is shown in Fig. 5, at the half-power beam width of pitching face, is 10 °, by comparative level method, show that the gain of antenna is 10.5dB, and antenna efficiency is 93%.

Finally it should be noted that, the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Circular polarized omni-directional high gain medium loads a four-arm spiral antenna, comprises feeding network and radiating principal,

Feeding network comprise radio frequency coaxial-cable inner wire (1), be positioned at the outer conductor (2) in inner wire (1) outside, inner wire (1) is provided with the first metal column (3), the top of the first metal column (3) connects the first metal tape (6), on outer conductor (2), be provided with the second metal column (4) and the 3rd metal column (5) that radial symmetric distributes, described the second metal column (4), the 3rd metal column (5) top are connected with the second metal tape (7), tri-metallic strip (8) respectively;

Radiating principal comprises the media cylinders (17) being arranged on outside feeding network, is loaded with first to fourth wire spiral (9)-(12) of spiral winding on the circumferential outer surface of media cylinders (17); The end of first, second wire spiral (9), (10) is connected with the two ends of described the first metal tape (6) respectively, and the end of the 3rd, the 4th wire spiral (11), (12) is connected with the second metal tape (7) and tri-metallic strip (8) respectively; It is characterized in that, the afterbody of first to fourth wire spiral (9)-(12) is connected with respectively first to fourth and absorbs wire (13)-(16), and the live width of described first to fourth wire spiral (9)-(12) is from end to caudal directions chap gradually.

2. a kind of Circular polarized omni-directional high gain medium according to claim 1 loads four-arm spiral antenna, it is characterized in that, described media cylinders (17) adopts low-loss microwave material to make.

3. a kind of Circular polarized omni-directional high gain medium according to claim 1 loads four-arm spiral antenna, it is characterized in that, the first half of described first to fourth wire spiral (9), (10), (11) and (12) is with being silver-coated copper wire, and latter half is copper strips.