CN102206301B - Preparation method of rapid dissolved cationic polyacrylamide emulsion of water in oil type - Google Patents
Preparation method of rapid dissolved cationic polyacrylamide emulsion of water in oil type Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a rapid dissolved cationic polyacrylamide emulsion of water in oil type. An oil-soluble emulsifier and a water-soluble emulsifier are prepared in an oil phase and a water phase respectively, and are mixed together to obtain a water in oil emulsion; the water in oil emulsion is heated to 0-100 DEG C and added with initiator to initiate a polymerization, so as to obtain a cationic polymer emulsion of water in oil type. The water in oil emulsion includes at least a water-soluble polymer emulsifier or a water-soluble cationic emulsifier.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of water-in-oil-type polymer emulsion, in particular, relate to a kind of can be in water the preparation method of rapidly-soluble water-in-oil-type cation polyacrylamide emulsion.The cationic polymer emulsion that utilizes the method to prepare can be realized fast phase reversion and be dissolved in the water in water.
Background technology:
Water-soluble polymers, especially acrylic amide water-soluble polymers has been widely used in solid-liquid separation flocculation agent, and take flocculation and be many technological processs of core mechanism.At present, flocculation agent for water treatment industry, tertiary oil production in oil field all will consume a large amount of water soluble propene's acid amides polymerization products with oil-displacing agent and paper industry every year with retention filtration adjuvant etc. in the world, so far the demand of acrylamide copolymer is still being continued, increased sharply, making this series products possess for a long time wide market.
Polyacrylamide series products mainly contains four kinds of forms in the market: the aqueous solution, aqueous dispersions product, water in oil emulsion liquid product and solid phase prod.Because polyacrylamide molecular weight product is conventionally more than 1,000,000 orders of magnitude, its aqueous solution often has very high viscosity, so its aqueous solution or aqueous dispersions product are difficult to use, and be seldom used as flocculation agent or oil-displacing agent with high molecular, high effective content form.Solid polypropylene acid amides product is a kind of product form of consumption maximum in the market, this series products is generally by pulverizing after solution polymerization or adopting inverse suspension polymerization process to make, during polymerization, reaction monomers effective content is generally 25～35 % by weight, and molecular weight of product is higher.But solid phase prod needs to remove large quantity of moisture in preparation process, energy consumption is very high, and in use has the difficult problem of dissolving.Water-in-oil emulsion (reversed-phase emulsion) product is a series products that establishes one's own system, shows unique characteristics, more than in preparation process, reaction monomers effective content can reach 40 % by weight, wherein in water, reaction monomers concentration can reach 60 % by weight, can make ultra-high molecular weight product simultaneously, and effect is good.Rapidly dissolvable by phase reversion effect in the use procedure of water in oil emulsion liquid product, greatly improved the handiness in application process.Comparing with solid phase prod, still there is the deficiency that preparation cost is higher in water in oil emulsion liquid product, but its high comprehensive performance has higher cost performance in a lot of application scenarios.
In application process, water in oil emulsion liquid product, particularly polyacrylamide flocculation not only will have higher effective product content, higher molecular weight of product with water in oil emulsion liquid product, but also to there is long-term shelf-stable performance and quick dissolving power, and meet above-mentioned application requiring simultaneously, be not a nothing the matter.
Utilize the feature of water-in-oil emulsion system polymerization own, easily acquisition can meet the product that different application requires, has higher molecular weight.Obtain higher effective product content, the stability when keeping product preparation simultaneously and storing, just requires the emulsifying agent of water-in-oil emulsion system and oil-phase medium to have matched well.The lipophilic emulsifying agent generally with lower HLB value (hydrophile-lipophile balance value of tensio-active agent) can make water stable by sterically hindered effect, thereby avoids in emulsion water and oil phase layering and cause whole system to become viscoloid.Chinese patent CN1709561A utilizes the hydrophilic emulsifying agent of higher HLB value also can obtain the water-in-oil emulsion with quite stable, and gained product emulsion has very fast dissolution rate in water simultaneously.
In fact, effective product preferably can directly dissolve, dilute in water during water-in-oil emulsion product application.After too stable water-in-oil emulsion mixes with water, high molecular polymer is difficult to stripping from water drop, need to water-soluble polymers be separated from emulsion by settlement action, causes waste unnecessary in production.For solving the solubility problem of stablizing water-in-oil emulsion, Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd discloses and a kind ofly in water, can carry out fast phase reversion and realize thus the rapidly-soluble method for preparing polymer emulsion of product in Chinese patent CN1052869A, the method has been used a kind of phosphoric acid ester macromolecule emulsifier with polyoxyethylene segment, and water in oil emulsion liquid product can be dissolved rapidly in water.Yet related phosphoric acid esters wedding agents only has better effects when preparing cationic polymer emulsion.In addition, contain this type of phosphorous emulsifying agent in product emulsion, life-time service can cause the environmental issue of aqueous systems eutrophication.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to solve stability and the solubility problem relevant with above-mentioned technology, preparation takes into account permanent stability and quick dissolving power, has the water in oil emulsion liquid product of higher effective product content and high molecular simultaneously.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of water-in-oil-type cation polyacrylamide emulsion.By being effectively combined with multiple small-molecular emulsifier and macromolecule emulsifier, provide sufficient space steric hindrance to guarantee the stability of water-in-oil emulsion; Can when emulsion is dissolved, provide enough phase reversion power again, make emulsion there is quick dissolution characteristics, thereby make good stability, the fast water-in-oil-type polymer emulsion of dissolution rate simultaneously.
Main technical schemes of the present invention is as follows: oil-soluble emulsifier is dissolved in oil, is mixed with oil phase.Water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent, water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent, acrylamide, water-soluble cationic monomer, metal ion capturing agent and deionized water are together mixed with to water, and with acid or alkaline solution, regulating aqueous pH values is 4～6.Under lasting stirring state, water is added in oil phase gradually, and the lasting certain hour that stirs forms stable water-in-oil emulsion.After logical nitrogen deoxygenation, by water-in-oil emulsion temperature control to 0～100 ℃, add the polymerization of initiator trigger monomer, obtain water-in-oil-type cation polyacrylamide emulsion.
The stability that two important indicators of water-in-oil emulsion are emulsions and the dissolution rate of emulsion in water.In the present invention, in water, used water miscible macromolecule emulsifier, and water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent.Oleophilic moiety in water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent and water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent in the process of preparation emulsion can with oil phase in oil-soluble emulsifier and external phase oil interpenetrate, and on emulsion particle surface, utilize the sterically hindered effect of its oleophilic moiety to realize the stable of emulsion.When emulsion is dissolved in water, water miscible macromolecule emulsifier and water miscible cationic emulsifier form emulsion layer in oil droplets easily, assist to realize the quick reversion from water-in-oil emulsion to emulsion oil-in-water, discharge the cationic polyacrylamide in water, realize the dissolving of polymkeric substance.
Oil used in the present invention comprises liquid aliphatic hydro carbons, arene or replaces hydro carbons, can be selected from toluene, dimethylbenzene, hexanaphthene, heptane, halogenated alkane, isomery paraffin, white oil; Consider the problem of safety factors in production process and oil phase volatilization, preferably use and there is boiling point higher than 150 ℃, the fat hydrocarbon that contains 12～18 carbon atoms, as n-Hexadecane, whiteruss, high-boiling point kerosene or mineral oil.The ratio of oil phase and water can be 2: 1～1: 3.
The emulsifying agent that oil-soluble emulsifier used in the present invention is known for the skilled in the art, as Span series (sorbitan fatty acid ester), Tween series (polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester), OP series (polyethenoxy alkylphenols) serial nonionic emulsifying agent, emulsifying agent can be used separately, also can be used in conjunction with, preferably composite by two or more emulsifying agent and to regulate HLB value be 3～10 to obtain best stabilized effect.
The consumption of oil-soluble emulsifier used herein is 3～15 % by weight of oil phase total amount.
Water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent used in the present invention is selected from one or more in polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol, vinyl pyrrolidone polymer
Polyvinyl alcohol molecule amount described in the present invention is 5000～150000, and preferred molecular weight is 10000～50000; The degree of hydrolysis of polyvinyl alcohol is 75～100%, and selective hydrolysis degree is 78～92%.
Molecular weight polyethylene glycol described in the present invention is 200～50000, and preferred molecular weight is 6000～20000.
Water-soluble polymer emulsifier described in the present invention is 0.1～1.5 % by weight of water-in-oil emulsion total amount, and preferable amount is 0.2～0.5 % by weight of emulsion total amount.
Water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent used in the present invention is quaternary emulsifying agent, as Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide and heptadecane dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
Water-soluble cationic emulsifier used in the present invention is not more than 1.5 % by weight of water weight, and preferable amount is 0.3 % by weight that is not more than water weight.
Water-soluble cationic monomer used in the present invention comprises following five classes:
(1) (methyl) acrylate derivative, its structure is:
Wherein: R
1for H or CH
3
R
2for C
2～C
4direct-connected alkyl
R
3for CH
3or C
2h
5;
(2) (methyl) acrylamide derivative, general structure is:
Wherein: R
1for H or CH
3
R
2for C
2～C
4direct-connected alkyl
R
3for CH
3or C
2h
5
Or be
Wherein: R
1for H or CH
3
R
2and R
3for C
1～C
6alkyl, R
2with R
3can be the same or different;
(3) N, the disubstituted poly (dially dialkyl) base of N ammonium halide, it is disubstituted can be C
1～C
20alkyl or aryl, two substituting groups can be the same or different;
(4) N-vinyl imidazole or N-Vinylimdozoline;
(5) polymeric amide polyamines-epoxy chloropropane (PAE), polymine (PEI);
Described monomer, when polymerization, first passes through cationization, then carries out polymerization; Cationization can also can use methyl-sulfate, ethyl sulfate, methyl chloride, monochloroethane or benzyl chloride quaternized with mineral acid or organic acid neutralization, with the form of quaternary ammonium salt, uses.
The dimethylaminomethyl of above-mentioned monomer preferred cationic (methyl) acrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl (methyl) acrylate, diethylamino ethyl (methyl) acrylate, diethylamino propyl group (methyl) acrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl (methyl) acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (methyl) acrylamide, or diallyldimethylammonium chloride, can be that a kind of cationic monomer is used separately, can be also that several monomers are used jointly.
In the present invention, monomer weight is 10～50 % by weight of emulsion weight, and the ratio of non-ionic monomer and cationic monomer is 99: 1～0: 100, and the ion degree of the visual product of ratio of non-ionic monomer and cationic monomer requires and adjusts.
Metal ion capturing agent used in the present invention is sequestrant well-known to those skilled in the art, as disodium EDTA (EDTA) and diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA) (DTPA).
Metal ion capturing agent consumption used in the present invention is 0.001～0.1% of water weight.
Polymerization starter used in the present invention is free radical type initiator, and suitable polymerization starter is well-known to those skilled in the art.It can be thermal initiator (comprising azo-initiator, peroxide), as water miscible azo di-isopropyl imidazoline salt hydrochlorate (AIBI), azo-bis-isobutyrate hydrochloride (AIBA), ammonium persulphate (APS) or Potassium Persulphate (KPS); Oil-soluble Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (AIBN) or 2,2'-Azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (ABVN) also can be used redox initiator, as used the peroxide of oxidisability if the lower valency metal-salt of the peroxy acid salt of hydroperoxide kind, basic metal or ammonium and reductibility is [as copper (I); Manganese (II); Iron (II)] or sulphite etc., also can use light trigger or directly utilize radiation to cause.
Initiator amount used in the present invention is counted 0.001～2 % by weight according to monomer total amount, preferably 0.01～1 % by weight.
Polymerization temperature used in the present invention is 0～100 ℃, and polymeric reaction temperature is determined according to choosing of initiator: while using redox initiator, because redox initiation system activation energy is lower, conventionally under 0～35 ℃ of condition, get final product initiated polymerization; While using thermolysis type initiator, according to the decomposition temperature of initiator, adopt different polymerization temperatures, normally used polymeric reaction temperature is 30～100 ℃, with the temperature of initiator half life of decomposition about 10 hours, is as the criterion.
The cation polyacrylamide emulsion that uses the inventive method to prepare, can be used for the purposes of following aspect: in water treatment, be used as flocculation agent, condensing agent, oil-water separating agent and discoloring agent; For paper retention and filter aid, paper sizing agent, Study of Paper-Strengthening Agent Based; Other are as additive of water body thickening material, water body flow improver, soil redeposition, tackiness agent, dispersion agent, washing agent and medicine and makeup etc.During application, obtained water-soluble polymers emulsion is diluted with water to low concentration aqueous solution as required and uses.
Technique effect:
The present invention utilizes water-in-oil-type inverse emulsion polymerization system, preparation has high product effective content, extended storage stability and quick deliquescent high molecular weight water soluble polymer emulsion, obtain following unusual effect: 1, select suitable oil-soluble emulsifier compound system, obtain the stable water-in-oil emulsion of storge quality, emulsion is not stratified through centrifugal 30 minutes of 2000rpm, normal temperature place 3 months unchanged; 2, utilize and add water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent and macromolecular water-soluble emulsifying agent, accelerate water-in-oil emulsion phase reversion process in water, improve product water dissolution rate, product dissolves with 0.5 % by weight concentration in deionized water, can dissolve completely within 10 minutes; 3, select suitable oil phase and emulsifying agent, water-in-oil emulsion water oil ratio can reach 1: 3, and polymkeric substance effective content can reach 45%, and high water oil ratio can reduce organic hydrocarbon consumption, is beneficial to environmental protection, and high effectively product content can be enhanced product performance, be reduced production costs simultaneously.4, in gained water-soluble polymers emulsion of the present invention, the molecular weight of polymkeric substance can, up to 1,000 ten thousand, have extraordinary flocculating effect.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but protection of the present invention is not limited to cited embodiment.Also should be included in and not depart under scope of the invention condition, disclosed method is carried out to the apparent various changes of those skilled in the art.
The mensuration of polymericular weight in embodiment: press nonionic acrylamide molecular weight method and measure, measuring method carries out according to standard GB/T/T 12005.10-92, and during molecular weight calculates, cationic polyacrylamide product performance viscosity number is measured according to standard GB/T 12005-89 method.
Determination of solution viscosity: with the aqueous solution of product 0.5 % by weight under 20 degrees Celsius, the viscosity data note determining with No. 2 rotors of Brookfield viscosity apparatus.
Embodiment 1
By 81.07g acrylamide, 101.34g acrylyl oxy-ethyl-trimethyl salmiac (the 80 % by weight aqueous solution), 1.5g diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA) (DTPA) (the 2 % by weight aqueous solution), 0.4g Sodium Persulfate, the 1.2g polymerization degree is about 1700, the polyvinyl alcohol of degree of hydrolysis 88%, 0.4g Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is mixed mutually fully and is dissolved and be mixed with water with 79.07g deionized water.By 7.944gSpan-80 and 2.056gTween-80 emulsifiers dissolve in 105.55g10# white mineral oil, fully stir and make Span-80 and Tween-80 completely dissolve and make oil phase in white mineral oil, then when stirring, the above-mentioned water preparing is joined in oil phase gradually, at 35 ℃, keep stirring and emulsifying 1 hour, obtain stable white emulsion.Logical nitrogen replacement, after 30 minutes, adds 0.4g Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine (being dissolved in 3g white mineral oil) in emulsion, and monomer starts polymerization, and system temperature raises gradually.Control bath temperature and make temperature of charge be no more than 70 ℃, react after 4 hours, temperature of charge is increased to 80 ℃ and keep 1 hour, obtain the white water-in-oil emulsion of stablizing after cooling.Centrifugal 30min in 2000rpm whizzer for emulsion, has no layering.Mixed solution precipitation by water in oil emulsion liquid product with methyl alcohol and acetone, takes out polymkeric substance precipitation and is about 9,400,000 with viscosimetry determining molecular weight.Get water-in-oil emulsion 1g, add in 200g deionized water, with 300rpm rotating speed, stir 10 minutes soltion viscosity 680mPa.s.
Comparative example 1
By 81.07g acrylamide, 101.34g acrylyl oxy-ethyl-trimethyl salmiac (the 80 % by weight aqueous solution), 1.5g diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA) (the 2 % by weight aqueous solution), 0.4g Sodium Persulfate and 79.07g deionized water are hybridly prepared into mutually water.By 7.944gSpan-80 and 2.056gTween-80 emulsifiers dissolve in 105.55g10# white mineral oil, fully stir and make Span-80 and Tween-80 completely dissolve and make oil phase in white mineral oil, then when stirring, the above-mentioned water preparing is joined in oil phase gradually, at 35 ℃, keep stirring and emulsifying 1 hour, obtain stable white emulsion.Logical nitrogen replacement, after 30 minutes, adds 0.4g Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine (being dissolved in 3g white mineral oil) in emulsion, and monomer starts polymerization, and system temperature raises gradually.Control bath temperature and make temperature of charge be no more than 70 ℃, react after 4 hours, temperature of charge is increased to 80 ℃ and keep 1 hour, obtain the white water-in-oil emulsion of stablizing after cooling.Centrifugal 30min in 2000rpm whizzer for emulsion, has no layering.According to the method determining molecular weight in embodiment 1, be about 8,500,000.Get water-in-oil emulsion 1g, add in 200g deionized water, with 300rpm rotating speed, stir 30 minutes, in emulsion, have a large amount of white insolubless, soltion viscosity < 10mPa.s,
Embodiment 2
According to the method preparation water-in-oil emulsion of embodiment 1, difference is to use the polymerization degree to be about 1700, and the polyvinyl alcohol that degree of hydrolysis is 92%, does not add cation micro molecule emulsifying agent, and polymerization adopts the water-soluble azo class initiator A IBI of 0.4g, and emulsifying temperature is reduced to 30 ℃.Logical nitrogen deoxygenation, after 30 minutes, is warming up to 42 ℃ of initiated polymerizations by system, polymerization 4 hours, and 80 ℃ of slakings are after 1 hour.The cooling white that obtains is stablized water-in-oil emulsion.Centrifugal 30min in 2000rpm whizzer for emulsion, has no layering.According to the method determining molecular weight in embodiment 1, be about 7,700,000.Get water-in-oil emulsion 1g, add in 200g deionized water, with 300rpm rotating speed, stir 10 minutes soltion viscosity 480mPa.s.
Embodiment 3
By 81.07g acrylamide, 101.34g diallyl dimethyl methyl ammonium chloride (the 60 % by weight aqueous solution), 1.5g diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA) (the 2 % by weight aqueous solution), the 0.7g polymerization degree is about 2400, the polyvinyl alcohol of degree of hydrolysis 88%, 0.1g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide and 0.4gAIBI and 79.07g deionized water are hybridly prepared into mutually water.By 7.944gSpan-80 and 2.056gOP-10 emulsifiers dissolve in 80.6g 3# white mineral oil, fully stir Span-80 and OP-10 are dissolved completely in white mineral oil, then when stirring, the above-mentioned water preparing is joined in oil phase gradually, at 30 ℃, keep stirring and emulsifying 1 hour, obtain stable white emulsion.Logical nitrogen replacement, after 30 minutes, is warming up to 42 ℃ by emulsion, initiated polymerization.In polymerization process, control temperature of charge and be no more than 70 ℃, react after 4 hours, temperature of charge is increased to 80 ℃ and keep 1 hour, obtain white after cooling and stablize water-in-oil emulsion.Centrifugal 30min in 2000rpm whizzer for emulsion, has no layering.According to the method determining molecular weight in embodiment 1, be about 5,000,000.Get water-in-oil emulsion 1g, add in 200g deionized water, with 300rpm rotating speed, stir 30 minutes, soltion viscosity 280mPa.s,
Embodiment 4
By 81.07g acrylamide, 162.14g MethacryloyloxyethylTrimethyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride (the 50 % by weight aqueous solution), 1.5g disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (the 2 % by weight aqueous solution), 1.2g molecular weight is 8000 polyoxyethylene glycol, and 0.4g Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is mixed mutually fully and dissolved and be mixed with water with 18.27g deionized water.By 7.94gSpan-80 and 2.05gTween-80 emulsifiers dissolve in 105.55g whiteruss, fully stir Span-80 and Tween-80 are dissolved completely in whiteruss, then when stirring, the above-mentioned water preparing is joined in oil phase gradually, at 35 ℃, keep stirring and emulsifying 1 hour, obtain stable white emulsion.Logical nitrogen replacement, after 30 minutes, adds 0.4g Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (being dissolved in 3g whiteruss) in emulsion, and emulsion is warming up to 70 ℃, and monomer starts polymerization, and system temperature raises gradually.Control bath temperature and make temperature of charge be no more than 85 ℃, react 5 hours, obtain the white water-in-oil emulsion of stablizing after cooling.Centrifugal 30min in 2000rpm whizzer for emulsion, has no layering.According to the method determining molecular weight in embodiment 1, be about 8,400,000.Get water-in-oil emulsion 1g, add in 200g deionized water, with 300rpm rotating speed, stir 10 minutes soltion viscosity 600mPa.s.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for water-in-oil-type cation polyacrylamide emulsion, is characterized in that: the method comprises following steps: 1) oil-soluble emulsifier is dissolved in to oil and makes oil phase; 2) water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent, water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent, acrylamide, water-soluble cationic monomer and metal ion capturing agent and deionized water being together mixed with to water and regulating pH value is 4～6; 3) when stirring, water is added in oil phase gradually, lasting stirring and emulsifying forms water in oil emulsion; 4) after logical nitrogen deoxygenation, water in oil emulsion temperature control to 0～100 ℃ that the 3rd step is formed, add initiator initiated polymerization, obtain water-in-oil-type cation polyacrylamide emulsion;
Described water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent is selected from one or more in polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol, vinyl pyrrolidone polymer;
The molecular weight of described polyvinyl alcohol is 5000～150000, and degree of hydrolysis is 75～100%;
The molecular weight of described polyoxyethylene glycol is 200～50000;
The consumption of described water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent is 0.1～1.5 % by weight of water-in-oil emulsion total amount.
2. according to the preparation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described oil-soluble emulsifier is selected from one or more of Span series, Tween series and OP series nonionic emulsifying agent.
3. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that one or more in toluene, dimethylbenzene, hexanaphthene, heptane, halogenated alkane, isomery paraffin, white oil of described grease separation.
4. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent is quaternary emulsifying agent, is selected from one or more in Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, heptadecane dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
5. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the consumption of described water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent is not more than 1.5 % by weight of water weight.
6. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described water-soluble cationic monomer is selected from:
(1) (methyl) acrylate derivative, general structure is:
Wherein: R
1for H or CH
3
R
2for C
2～C
4straight chained alkyl
R
3for CH
3or C
2h
5;
(2) (methyl) acrylamide analog derivative, general structure is:
Wherein: R
1for H or CH
3
R
2for C
2～C
4straight chained alkyl
R
3for CH
3or C
2h
5
Or be
Wherein: R
1for H or CH
3
R
2and R
3for C
1～C
6alkyl;
(3) N, the disubstituted poly (dially dialkyl) base of N ammonium halide, it is disubstituted is C
1～C
20alkyl or aryl;
(4) N-vinyl imidazole or N-Vinylimdozoline;
(5) polymeric amide polyamines-epoxy chloropropane or polymine;
While adopting above-mentioned (1)-(5) class monomer, monomer first passes through organic acid, mineral acid, sulfuric ester or halogenated alkane cationization.
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