CN102197323A - Light diffuser plate and use thereof - Google Patents

Light diffuser plate and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102197323A
CN102197323A CN2009801425330A CN200980142533A CN102197323A CN 102197323 A CN102197323 A CN 102197323A CN 2009801425330 A CN2009801425330 A CN 2009801425330A CN 200980142533 A CN200980142533 A CN 200980142533A CN 102197323 A CN102197323 A CN 102197323A
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light
diffusing sheet
light diffusing
transparent resin
particle
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CN102197323B (en
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百田健太郎
井山浩畅
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/06Polystyrene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098Metal salts of carboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L33/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L33/04Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C08L33/06Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04Polysiloxanes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a light diffuser plate (3) comprising a transparent resin and light-diffusing particles, wherein the transparent resin has a light transmittance of 65% or greater when light having a wavelength of 600 nm is transmitted through an optical path length of 200 mm. Preferably, the transparent resin has a zinc content of 150 ppm or less.

Description

Light diffusing sheet and uses thereof
Technical field
The for example light diffusing sheet of transmission type image display panel etc. the present invention relates to throw light on brighter and more natural tone.
Background technology
As liquid crystal indicator, for example be well known that and dispose the liquid crystal indicator of planar light source device as the structure of backlight in rear side with liquid crystal panel of liquid crystal cells (image displaying part).As the planar light source device that is used for described backlight, the known planar light source device (with reference to TOHKEMY 2004-170937 communique (patent documentation 1)) that in lamp box (casing), disposes a plurality of light sources and dispose the structure of light diffusing sheet in the front face side of these light sources.
As above-mentioned light diffusing sheet, even, therefore be extensive use of because the light diffusing sheet picture dimension that the dispersed light diffusion particle forms in transparent resin greatly also can form the light diffusing sheet of comparison light weight.
Summary of the invention
But, known light diffusing sheet like this, the luminance shortage of irradiation transmission type image display panel etc. or the illumination that obtains are not that the situation of tone of nature is more, in this case, in the transmission image display device of the liquid crystal indicator that constitutes using this light diffusing sheet etc., produce the luminance shortage of display image or be difficult to obtain the problem of the display image of nature tone.
The present invention forms in view of above-mentioned technical background, and purpose is to provide the light diffusing sheet of transmission type image display panel etc. of can throwing light on more brightly.In addition, the present invention also aims to further to provide light diffusing sheet with brighter and more natural tone illumination transmission type image display panel etc.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the present inventor furthers investigate, the light transmittance that found that the light of wavelength 600nm impacts the brightness of throwing light on, the zinc compounds that further discovery is added in the manufacture process of resin etc. impact the tone of illumination, thereby have finished the present invention.That is, the invention provides following scheme.
[1] a kind of light diffusing sheet, this light diffusing sheet comprise transparent resin and light diffusion particle, and during the optical path length of the transmittance 200mm of wavelength 600nm, the light transmittance of described transparent resin is more than 65%.
[2] according to preceding paragraph 1 described light diffusing sheet, wherein, described transparent resin is the composition that contains zinc compound, and the containing ratio of the zinc in the said composition is below the 150ppm.
[3] according to preceding paragraph 2 described light diffusing sheets, wherein, described zinc compound is a zinc stearate.
[4] according to each described light diffusing sheet in the preceding paragraph 1~3, wherein, described transparent resin contains polystyrene.
[5] according to each described light diffusing sheet in the preceding paragraph 1~4, wherein, described smooth diffusion particle is the polymer particle more than a kind that is selected from acrylic acid series polymeric compounds particle and the siloxane-based polymers particle.
[6] according to each described light diffusing sheet in the preceding paragraph 1~5, wherein, the mean grain size of described smooth diffusion particle is 0.5~5 μ m, the absolute value of the difference of the refractive index of described transparent resin and the refractive index of described smooth diffusion particle is more than 0.05, and the content of the described smooth diffusion particle in the described transparent resin of per 100 mass parts is 0.1~10 mass parts.
[7] a kind of planar light source device is characterized in that, possesses each described light diffusing sheet and a plurality of light sources that are configured in the rear side of this light diffusing sheet in the preceding paragraph 1~6.
[8] a kind of transmission image display device is characterized in that, possess each described light diffusing sheet in the preceding paragraph 1~6, be configured in this light diffusing sheet rear side a plurality of light sources and be configured in the transmission type image display panel of the front face side of described light diffusing sheet.
In the invention of [1], comprise transparent resin and light diffusion particle, during the optical path length of the transmittance 200mm of wavelength 600nm, the light transmittance of described transparent resin is more than 65%, therefore, transmission type image display panel etc. more brightly can throw light on.
In the invention of [2], though described transparent resin is the composition that contains zinc compound, the containing ratio of the zinc in the said composition is set at below the 150ppm, therefore can be with more natural tone illumination transmission type image display panel.Should illustrate that " ppm " is the unit of expression quality PPM.
In the invention of [3], described zinc compound is a zinc stearate, the mouldability in the time of therefore can improving processing and forming by lubrication based on the zinc stearate lubricant, and can be with more natural tone illumination.
In the invention of [4], described transparent resin is the structure that contains polystyrene, can throw light on transparency height and more natural tone.
In the invention of [5], as described smooth diffusion particle, used the polymer particle more than a kind that is selected from acrylic acid series polymeric compounds particle and the siloxane-based polymers particle, therefore can throw light on brighter and natural tone.
In the invention of [6], the mean grain size of described smooth diffusion particle is 0.5~5 μ m, the absolute value of the difference of the refractive index of described transparent resin and the refractive index of described smooth diffusion particle is more than 0.05, therefore the content of the described smooth diffusion particle in the described transparent resin of per 100 mass parts is 0.1~10 mass parts, has to make light diffusion particle evenly diffusion and the advantage that light fully spread with less light diffusion particle use amount fully.
In the invention of [7], can provide the planar light source device that can throw light on more brightly.In addition, when light diffusing sheet possesses the structure of [2], can provide the planar light source device that can carry out the illumination of brighter and more natural tone.
In the invention of [8], can provide the transmission image display device that can access brighter display image.In addition, when light diffusing sheet possesses the structure of [2], can provide the transmission image display device of the display image that can access brighter and more natural tone.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of expression transmission image display device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cut-open view of an embodiment of expression light diffusing sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the cut-open view of other embodiment of expression light diffusing sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the key diagram of assay method of light transmittance of the light of the wavelength 600nm in optical path length 200mm.
Description of reference numerals
1: planar light source device
2: light source
3: light diffusing sheet
20: the transmission type image display panel
30: transmission image display device (liquid crystal indicator)
Embodiment
The liquid crystal indicator of one embodiment of transmission image display device of the present invention (30) is shown in Fig. 1.In Fig. 1, (30) are that liquid crystal indicator, (11) are that liquid crystal cells, (12), (13) are that polaroid, (1) are planar light source device (backlights).The both sides up and down of above-mentioned liquid crystal cells (11) dispose polaroid (12), (13) respectively, utilize these component parts (11), (12), (13) to constitute as the liquid crystal panel of transmission type image display part (20).
Should illustrate that above-mentioned liquid crystal cells (11) has the device of liquid-crystal compounds to constitute by enclosing between a pair of transparency electrode.As above-mentioned liquid crystal panel (20), preferred use have color filter etc. can color display device.In addition, above-mentioned liquid crystal panel (20) can also be the structure with polarizer of the contrast that is used to adjust when tilted direction is seen, tone etc.
Above-mentioned planar light source device (1) is configured in the following side (rear side) of polaroid (13) of the downside of above-mentioned liquid crystal panel (20).That is, this liquid crystal indicator (30) is full run-down type liquid crystal display (video picture) device.
Above-mentioned planar light source device (1) have the open thin box shape of the upper face side (front face side) overlooked to rectangle lamp box (5), in this lamp box (5), be separated from each other a plurality of linear light sources (2) of configuration and be configured in the light diffusing sheet (3) of the upper side (front face side) of these a plurality of linear light sources (2).Above-mentioned light diffusing sheet (3) loads in the mode of stopping up its open surface with respect to above-mentioned lamp box (5) and is fixing.In addition, the inner face of above-mentioned lamp box (5) is provided with reflection layer (not diagram).
As above-mentioned light source (2), there is no special qualification, for example except cold-cathode tube (CCFL), external electrode fluorescent (EEFL), plane fluorescent pipe linear light sources such as (FFL), can also use light emitting diode point source of lights such as (LED) etc.
Above-mentioned light diffusing sheet (3) comprises transparent resin and light diffusing sheet, is dispersed with the light diffusion particle in the transparent resin.Among the present invention, as above-mentioned transparent resin, the light transmittance the during optical path length of the transmittance 200mm of use wavelength 600nm is the transparent resin more than 65%.
Thus, utilize above-mentioned planar light source device (1) liquid crystal panel (20) that can throw light on more brightly.Thereby, utilize above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator (30) can bring into play the effect that obtains brighter display image.
In addition, in the present embodiment, above-mentioned transparent resin is the composition that contains zinc compound, and the containing ratio of the zinc in the said composition (Zn atom) is set in below the 150ppm.
Thus, utilize the above-mentioned planar light source device (1) can be with more natural tone illumination liquid crystal panel (20).Thereby, utilize above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator (30) can bring into play the effect of the display image that obtains more natural tone.
Should illustrate, in the above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator (30), between above-mentioned light diffusing sheet (3) and above-mentioned liquid crystal panel (20), can dispose other light diffusing sheet.In addition, between above-mentioned light diffusing sheet (3) and above-mentioned liquid crystal panel (20), can also dispose and be used for optics that front face side is thrown light on brightly.As above-mentioned optics, can enumerate for example Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company's system " DBEF " (trade name) etc.
As above-mentioned transparent resin, be fit to use the transparent resin of non-coloring.As above-mentioned transparent resin, there is no particular limitation, but can enumerate for example polystyrene, copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene, methacrylic acid-styrol copolymer, maleic anhydride-styrene copolymers, polymethylmethacrylate, methyl methacrylate-acrylate copolymer, polycarbonate, polypropylene, poly-cycloolefin, cycloolefin-alpha olefin copolymer etc.In these, consider, be fit to use polystyrene, polypropylene, poly-cycloolefin and cycloolefin-alpha olefin copolymer from the aspect that hydroscopicity is few.
In addition, as above-mentioned transparent resin, the light transmittance the during optical path length of the transmittance 200mm of use wavelength 600nm is the transparent resin more than 65%.Can more improve illumination thus based on transmitted light.Wherein, as above-mentioned transparent resin, the light transmittance when preferably using the optical path length of transmittance 200mm of wavelength 600nm is the transparent resin more than 70%.
When thinking that also for example starting monomer being adopted methods such as suspension polymerization, dispersion copolymerization method to carry out polymerization makes transparent resin in liquid phase, the catalyst component that adds in residual solvent, this solvent in the transparent resin that obtains, adjuvant etc. bring influence for the light transmittance of the light of wavelength 600nm as impurity.Perhaps also think, bring influence for the light transmittance of the light of wavelength 600nm with a small amount of adjuvant that adds of various purposes etc. as impurity the transparent resin that obtains in the polymerization.Therefore, " light transmittance the during optical path length of the transmittance 200mm of wavelength 600nm is the transparent resin more than 65% " of using among the present invention can be by selecting to use following transparent resin obtain: the transparent resin that cleans fully after the transparent resin that the use amount of the catalyzer that uses, adjuvant etc. is few, the polymerization, the transparent resin that obtains in the polymerization is not added the transparent resin of adjuvant etc. in manufacturing process, to the few transparent resin of the additive capacity of the transparent resin interpolation that obtains in the polymerization etc.
In addition, as above-mentioned transparent resin, get final product so long as contain the composition of zinc compound, the containing ratio (being the containing ratio of Zn atom, is not the containing ratio of zinc compound) of the zinc in the above-mentioned composition preferably sets below 150ppm at this moment.If the containing ratio of zinc below 150ppm, then can suppress to think the containing ratio to the influential zinc of tone, therefore can be with more natural tone illumination transmission type image display panel (20).Wherein, the containing ratio of the zinc in the above-mentioned composition more preferably is set in below the 90ppm, further preferably sets below 50ppm, preferably sets below 10ppm especially.
As above-mentioned zinc compound, there is no special qualification, but can enumerate for example zinc stearate, zinc laurate, p-tert-butyl benzoic acid zinc, 1,2-hydroxystearic acid zinc, Zinc tetradecanoate etc.
The effect of lubricity because above-mentioned zinc stearate can be improved, thus by containing this zinc stearate, help to reduce the metal covering of transparent resin and molding machine friction, prevent that resin from adhering to the metal covering and the raising release property of molding machine.
The containing ratio of above-mentioned zinc is following value of trying to achieve (also identical for the containing ratio of the zinc among the embodiment).That is, the composition that will contain zinc compound is got in the platinum ware, adds the sulfuric acid heating and makes organic carbon, then the carbonide that obtains is calcined with 550 ℃ in electric furnace, adds alkali fusion agent heating fusion in this ash content.Then, the liquefacient that obtains is dissolved in nitric acid and the water, and be adjusted into a constant volume as test liquid, measure the Zn (element) in this test liquid with ICP-AES (the inductively coupled plasma apparatus for analyzing luminosity " iCAP6500 " of Thermo Fisher Scientific corporate system).
As above-mentioned smooth diffusion particle, so long as to above-mentioned transparent resin be non-compatibility, show the refractive index different with this transparent resin, particle (comprising powder) with function that the transmitted light that can make transmitted light diffuser plate (3) spreads is not particularly limited, for example can be the inorganic particulate that is made of inorganic material, also can be the organic filler that is made of organic material.As this light diffusion particle, can use and carry out the surface-treated particle with surface conditioning agents such as coupling agents.
Inorganic material as constituting above-mentioned inorganic particulate is not particularly limited, but can enumerates for example silicon dioxide, lime carbonate, barium sulphate, titanium dioxide, aluminium hydroxide, unorganic glass, mica, talcum, white carbon, magnesium oxide, zinc paste etc.
Organic material as constituting above-mentioned organic filler is not particularly limited, but can enumerates for example acrylic acid series polymeric compounds, siloxane-based polymers, styrenic etc.
In the middle of these, from can further improving illumination because impurity is few and can making the more light-weighted aspect of light diffusing sheet consider that preferably use organic filler, particularly suitable is acrylic acid series polymeric compounds particle, siloxane-based polymers particle.
As aforesaid propylene acid based polymer particle, can enumerate is the polymkeric substance of major component with the acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer for example, promptly contains the particle of the polymkeric substance of the above acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer unit of 50 quality %.As the above-mentioned particle that contains the polymkeric substance of the acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer unit more than the 50 quality %, can be whole (the 100 quality %) of monomeric unit particle for the polymkeric substance of acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer unit, can also be the acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer and can with the particle of the multipolymer of the monofunctional monomer of its copolymerization.
Acid is monofunctional monomer as aforesaid propylene, can enumerate for example acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylate, methacrylate etc.As the aforesaid propylene acid esters, be not particularly limited, for example can enumerate methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, 2-EHA, acrylic acid 2-hydroxy methacrylate etc.In addition, as above-mentioned methacrylate, be not particularly limited, can enumerate for example methyl methacrylate, Jia Jibingxisuanyizhi, butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid 2-Octyl Nitrite, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate etc.These acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer unit may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
Can be that the monofunctional monomer of monofunctional monomer copolymerization is to have 1 two key that can carry out free radical polymerization, and the compound that can carry out copolymerization with this pair key and acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer in molecule with aforesaid propylene acid.Specifically, can enumerate for example styrene, can also enumerate halogenated styrenes classes such as chlorostyrene, bromostyrene, substituted phenylethylenes such as ring-alkylated styrenes class such as vinyltoluene, α-Jia Jibenyixi etc.And then can also enumerate vinyl cyanide.These monofunctional monomers may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
Aforesaid propylene acid based copolymer particle is under whole (100 quality %) situation for the particle of the polymkeric substance of acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer unit of monomeric unit, and be the acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer and can with the situation of the particle of the multipolymer of the monofunctional monomer of its copolymerization under, preferably its weight-average molecular weight is 500,000~5,000,000.
In addition, as aforesaid propylene acid based polymer particle, can also be the acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer and can with the particle of the multipolymer of the polyfunctional monomer of its copolymerization.Described polyfunctional monomer be meant in molecule, have more than 2 can with two keys of acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer copolymerization, and the compound that can carry out copolymerization with these pairs key and acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer.As this polyfunctional monomer, for example can enumerate and the esters of acrylic acid of the methyl acrylic ester of the identical polyalcohols of enumerating at above-mentioned styrenic particle, polyalcohols, aromatic series polyfunctional compound etc.These polyfunctional monomers may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
The acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer and can with the multipolymer of the polyfunctional monomer of its copolymerization multipolymer of cross-linked structure preferably, its gel fraction is more than the 10 quality %.
In addition, as aforesaid propylene acid based polymer particle, can also be with the acrylic acid series monofunctional monomer/can with the monofunctional monomer of its copolymerization/equally can copolymerization polyfunctional monomer carry out copolymerization and the particle of the ternary system multipolymer that obtains etc.
The refractive index of aforesaid propylene acid based copolymer particle is generally about 1.46~1.55, has the big more shown big more tendency of refractive index of containing ratio of benzene skeleton, halogen atom.In addition, this acrylic acid series copolymer particle for example can adopt general polymerizations such as suspension polymerization, microsuspension polymerization method, emulsion polymerization, dispersion copolymerization method to make.
Above-mentioned siloxane-based polymers particle is the polymkeric substance of the method for the hydrolysis of chlorosilane class, condensation being made by for example.As above-mentioned chlorosilane class, can enumerate for example dimethyldichlorosilane, diphenyl dichlorosilane, phenylmethyldichloroislane, methyl trichlorosilane, phenyl trichlorosilane etc.As above-mentioned siloxane-based polymers, can be crosslinked state.For crosslinked, for example make siloxane-based polymers and benzoyl peroxide, peroxidating 2,4-dichloro-benzoyl, chloro benzoyl peroxide, cumyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide-2,5-dimethyl-2, peroxidations such as 5-two (t-butylperoxy) hexane get final product.In addition, end has under the situation of structure of silanol group, carries out condensation cross-linking with the alkoxyl silicone alkanes and gets final product.Preferred each silicon atom of above-mentioned crosslinked siloxane-based polymers is in conjunction with the structure of about 2~3 organic group.This siloxane-based polymers is the polymkeric substance that is also referred to as organic silicon rubber, organic siliconresin.As siloxane-based polymers, preferably use under the normal temperature siloxane-based polymers as solid.
Above-mentioned siloxane-based polymers particle for example can obtain by pulverizing above-mentioned siloxane-based polymers.Curing type polymkeric substance that can also be by will having wire organosiloxane block or its composition solidify with atomize and obtain (with reference to Japanese kokai publication sho 59-68333 communique) with the form of granular particle.In addition, can also be by alkyltrialkoxysilaneand or its partial hydrolysis condensation product be hydrolyzed condensation and obtain (with reference to Japanese kokai publication sho 60-13813 communique) in the aqueous solution of ammonium or amine with the form of granular particle.
Preferred its weight-average molecular weight of above-mentioned siloxane-based polymers particle is 500,000~5,000,000.In addition, above-mentioned siloxane-based polymers is under the situation of cross-linked structure, and its gel fraction is preferably more than the 10 quality %.The refractive index of above-mentioned siloxane-based polymers particle is generally about 1.40~1.47.
As above-mentioned styrenic particle, can enumerate is the polymkeric substance of major component with polystyrene monofunctional monomer unit for example, promptly can enumerate the particle of the polymkeric substance that contains the above polystyrene monofunctional monomer unit of 50 quality %.As the above-mentioned particle that contains the polymkeric substance of the polystyrene monofunctional monomer unit more than the 50 quality %, can be whole (the 100 quality %) of monomeric unit particle for the polymkeric substance of polystyrene monofunctional monomer unit, also can be the polystyrene monofunctional monomer and can with the particle of the multipolymer of the monofunctional monomer of its copolymerization.
Above-mentioned polystyrene monofunctional monomer is to have the styrene skeleton and have 1 compound that can carry out two keys of free radical polymerization in molecule.Specifically, for example styrene can be enumerated, substituted phenylethylene etc. can also be enumerated.As above-mentioned substituted phenylethylene, can enumerate for example halogenated styrenes such as chlorostyrene, bromostyrene class, ring-alkylated styrenes classes such as vinyltoluene, α-Jia Jibenyixi etc.
Can be in molecule, to have 1 two key that can carry out free radical polymerization, and the compound that can carry out copolymerization with this pair key and polystyrene monofunctional monomer with the monofunctional monomer of above-mentioned polystyrene monofunctional monomer copolymerization.Specifically, can enumerate for example methyl acrylic esters such as methyl methacrylate, Jia Jibingxisuanyizhi, butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid 2-Octyl Nitrite, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, esters of acrylic acids such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, 2-EHA, acrylic acid 2-hydroxy methacrylate, vinyl cyanide etc.These monofunctional monomers may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.Wherein, as can preferably using the Jia Jibingxisuanyizhi class with the monofunctional monomer of above-mentioned polystyrene monofunctional monomer copolymerization.
Above-mentioned styrene based copolymer particle is under whole (100 quality %) situation for the particle of the polymkeric substance of polystyrene monofunctional monomer unit of monomeric unit, and be the polystyrene monofunctional monomer and can with the situation of the particle of the multipolymer of the monofunctional monomer of its copolymerization under, its weight-average molecular weight preferred 500,000~5,000,000.
In addition, as above-mentioned styrene based copolymer particle, can also be the polystyrene monofunctional monomer and can with the particle of the multipolymer of the polyfunctional monomer of its copolymerization.Described polyfunctional monomer be meant in molecule, have more than 2 can free radical polymerization two keys, and the compound that can carry out copolymerization with this pair key and polystyrene monofunctional monomer.As this polyfunctional monomer, can enumerate for example dimethacrylate 1, the 4-butanediol ester, the dimethacrylate DOPCP, Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, the diethylene glycol dimethylacrylate, the TEG dimethylacrylate, the dimethyl allene acid propylene glycol ester, four propylene glycol dimethylacrylates, trimethylol-propane trimethacrylate, the methacrylate of polyalcohols such as pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, diacrylate 1, the 4-butanediol ester, diacrylic acid pentyl diol ester, ethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, the diacrylate propylene glycol ester, four propylene glycol diacrylates, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, the acrylate of polyalcohols such as pentaerythritol tetracrylate, divinylbenzene, aromatic series polyfunctional compounds such as diallyl phthalate etc.Above-mentioned polyfunctional monomer may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
The polystyrene monofunctional monomer and can with the multipolymer of the polyfunctional monomer of its copolymerization multipolymer of cross-linked structure preferably, its gel fraction is more than the 10 quality %.
In addition, as above-mentioned styrenic particle, can also be with polystyrene monofunctional monomer/can be with the monofunctional monomer of its copolymerization/can carry out copolymerization and the particle of ternary system multipolymer that obtains etc. with the polyfunctional monomer of its copolymerization.
The refractive index of above-mentioned styrenic particle is generally about 1.53~1.61, has the big more shown big more tendency of refractive index of containing ratio of benzene skeleton, halogen atom.In addition, this styrenic particle can be made with for example general polymerizations such as suspension polymerization, microsuspension polymerization method, emulsion polymerization, dispersion copolymerization method.
From can make light diffusion and can transparent resin, disperse full and uniformly aspect consider that the mean grain size of above-mentioned smooth diffusion particle is preferably 0.5 μ m~5 μ m, preferred scope is 0.6 μ m~3 μ m.
Should illustrate that the mean grain size of above-mentioned smooth diffusion particle is to be determined as follows and the value (mean grain size of the light diffusion particle of embodiment is also identical) that obtains.That is, at first, at sample bench crimping fixed light diffusant (light diffusion particle) and carry out the carbon evaporation and make coupons.Use the electrolysis radial pattern scanning electron microscope " FE-SEM S-4200 " of Hitachi's system this coupons to be carried out the observation and the photography of the SEM picture of light diffusing agent with 10000 times~20000 times enlargement factor.(at random) selects 40 light diffusion particles arbitrarily in the photographs of the light diffusion particle that obtains, and decides the particle diameter that circule method is measured these 40 light diffusion particles respectively by 3 from image.With the mean value of the particle diameter of 40 light diffusion particles obtaining like this as " mean grain size ".That is, be that each particle diameter with these 40 light diffusion particles adds up to, the value that this aggregate value is obtained divided by 40.
In addition, even from the use amount of light diffusion particle is that the aspect that fewer use amount also can make light fully spread is considered, the absolute value of the difference of the refractive index of above-mentioned transparent resin and the refractive index of above-mentioned smooth diffusion particle preferably reaches more than 0.05, the absolute value of the difference of wherein above-mentioned refractive index is more preferably more than 0.10, in addition, the absolute value of the difference of common above-mentioned refractive index is set at below 0.50.
The use amount of above-mentioned smooth diffusion particle is according to the size of the refractive index of above-mentioned transparent resin and the absolute value of the difference of the refractive index of above-mentioned smooth diffusion particle, as the diffusion of the light of target and different, but with respect to transparent resin 100 mass parts, be generally 0.01~20 mass parts, be preferably 0.1~10 mass parts.
In the scope that does not hinder effect of the present invention, light diffusing sheet of the present invention (3) can also contain adjuvants such as antistatic agent, antioxidant, processing stabilizers, ultraviolet light absorber, fire retardant.These adjuvants can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds respectively.
In the embodiment of Fig. 2, light diffusing sheet (3) has adopted the structure that is made of individual layer, but also can adopt the structure that is made of the multilayer more than 2 layers.
For example, as shown in Figure 3,, also can adopt two-sided laminate surface layer (9), (9) and incorporate structure in basic unit's (bottom) (8) as above-mentioned light diffusing sheet (3).Above-mentioned basic unit (8) comprises transparent resin and light diffusion particle, is that the light transmittance when having used the optical path length of transmittance 200mm of wavelength 600nm as above-mentioned transparent resin is the layer of the transparent resin more than 65%.Can also adopt single face laminate surface layer (9) and incorporate structure in above-mentioned basic unit (8).
As the transparent resin that constitutes above-mentioned superficial layer (9), use the transparent resin that for example shows compatibility with respect to the transparent resin that constitutes above-mentioned basic unit (8), as this transparent resin, be not particularly limited, but can enumerate for example polystyrene, copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene, methacrylic acid-styrol copolymer, maleic anhydride-styrene copolymers, polymethylmethacrylate, methyl methacrylate-acrylate copolymer, polycarbonate, polypropylene, poly-cycloolefin, cycloolefin-alpha olefin copolymer etc.As the transparent resin that constitutes above-mentioned superficial layer (9), light transmittance in the time of can being the optical path length of transmittance 200mm of wavelength 600nm is the transparent resin more than 65%, perhaps, for example under the situation of the thickness (T) of superficial layer (9) and basic unit (8) thin in comparison, the light transmittance in the time of can being the optical path length of transmittance 200mm of wavelength 600nm is less than 65% transparent resin.
Contain under the situation of ultraviolet light absorber in the above-mentioned superficial layer (9), as this ultraviolet light absorber, there is no particular restriction, is that ultraviolet light absorber, benzophenone series ultraviolet light absorber, cyanoacrylate are that ultraviolet light absorber, malonate are that ultraviolet light absorber, oxanilide are ultraviolet light absorber etc. but for example can enumerate benzotriazole.By in above-mentioned superficial layer (9), containing ultraviolet light absorber, can prevent that light diffusing sheet (3) is by ultraviolet ray of containing in the light from exterior light and light source (2) etc. and deterioration.
In above-mentioned superficial layer (9), except above-mentioned ultraviolet light absorber, can also contain adjuvants such as for example roughening agent (マ Star トization drug), light diffusing agent (light diffusion particle), antistatic agent, antioxidant, processing stabilizers, fire retardant, lubricant.
The thickness (T) of above-mentioned superficial layer (9) is generally 10 μ m~200 μ m, more preferably 20 μ m~200 μ m, preferred especially 50 μ m~100 μ m (with reference to Fig. 3).
In addition, the thickness (S) of above-mentioned light diffusing sheet (3) is set at 1mm above (with reference to Fig. 2,3) usually.By reaching more than the 1mm, can guarantee physical strength fully.In addition, in order to ensure the light weight of light diffusing sheet (3), the thickness (S) of above-mentioned light diffusing sheet (3) is preferably set to below the 5mm.
Light diffusing sheet of the present invention (3) can be made by for example method such as extrusion moulding, injection moulding under the situation of the such single layer structure of Fig. 2.For example transparent resin and light diffusion resin dry are mixed, make molten condition, carry out moulding by common methods of forming such as extrusion moulding, injection mouldings and get final product by heating.After also can making the granular masterbatch that the light diffusion particle is obtained with more a spot of transparent resin melting mixing in advance, with transparent resin and the dried type that mixes of this masterbatch.In addition, under the situation of sandwich construction shown in Figure 3, can make by methods such as co-extrusion modling method, applying method, heat viscosity method, solvent bonding, polymeric adhesive method, casting polymerization, surface coated methods.These manufacture methods are only represented its example, and light diffusing sheet of the present invention (3) is not limited to the product by such manufacture method manufacturing.
In addition, light diffusing sheet of the present invention (3) can have antistatic agent in its surface coated.By in surface coated antistatic agent being arranged like this, can prevent adhering to of dust of causing by static etc., can prevent that dust from adhering to the reduction of the light transmittance that causes, transmission type image display panel (liquid crystal panel etc.) (20) more chronically brightly therefore can throw light on.
Should illustrate, the size of light diffusing sheet of the present invention (3) there is no special qualification, can be according to for example suitably setting as the planar light source device (1) of target, the size of transmission image display device (30), wherein, be particularly suitable for being designed to the light diffusing sheet of the above size of 20 types (vertical 30cm, horizontal 40cm).
Light diffusing sheet of the present invention (3), planar light source device (1) and transmission image display device (30) are not defined in above-mentioned embodiment especially, in the claim scope, only otherwise break away from its spirit, allow the change that designs arbitrarily.
Embodiment
Then, specific embodiments of the invention are described, the present invention is not defined in these embodiment especially.
At first, Details as Follows for employed the 1st extruder, the 2nd extruder and T pattern tool.
The 1st extruder: spiral shell footpath 40mm, single axle, band vent port, TANABE PLASTICS corporate system
The 2nd extruder: spiral shell footpath 40mm, single axle, band vent port, TANABE PLASTICS corporate system
T pattern tool: 2 kinds 3 layers branch manifold T pattern tool, the wide 250mm of lip, MITAKA ENGINEERING corporate system
<starting material 〉
(light diffusing agent masterbatch)
After polystyrene (Japan's styrene corporate system " HRM40 ") 84 mass parts, light diffusion particle (Roam and Haas corporate system " PARALOID EXL 5766 ", cross-linked acrylic acid based polymer particle) 14 mass parts, ultraviolet light absorber (common drug company system " Viosorb 520 ") 1 mass parts, the dried mixing of processing stabilizers (sumitomo chemical company system " SUMILIZER GP ") 1 mass parts; the biaxial extruder that uses spiral shell footpath 65mm carries out mixing under 80~250 ℃ and granulating has obtained granular light diffusing agent masterbatch.
(superficial layer potpourri)
With copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene (chemical company of Nippon Steel system (MS200NT)) 90.9 mass parts; roughening agent (sumitomo chemical company system " XC1A "; cross-linked acrylic acid based polymer particle; mean grain size 25 μ m) 8 mass parts; ultraviolet light absorber (ADEKA corporate system " ADK STAB LA-31 ") 1 mass parts; after processing stabilizers (sumitomo chemical company system " SUMILIZER GP ") 0.1 mass parts is done and is mixed; the biaxial extruder that uses spiral shell footpath 65mm carries out mixing under 180~250 ℃ and granulating has obtained granular superficial layer potpourri.
<embodiment 1 〉
Dow Chemical's system " STYRON 648 " is handled by manufacturing plant, thereby it is below the 10ppm that polystyrene (zinc contains with the form of zinc stearate) is adjusted into the zinc containing ratio, described polystyrene is put into the metal die of 260mm * 110mm * thick 5mm, use thermal pressure machine (refreshing island metal industry made " Shindo formula ASF type hydraulic press "), carrying out the moulding of thermal pressure machine with 230 ℃ of forming temperatures (carried out 5 minutes with 0.3MPa, carried out 3 minutes with 2.0MPa, carried out 1 minute with 13.0MPa, cooled off 5 minutes) after, by cutting, obtained the transparent resin plate (with reference to Fig. 4) of wide 50mm * long 200mm * thick 5mm.This transparent resin plate is obtained T by assay method described later 600, T 400, Tt (beam split), colourity x, chromaticity y, colour difference.
Then, with above-mentioned light diffusing agent masterbatch 7.5 mass parts and above-mentioned zinc containing ratio is that polystyrene (Dow Chemical's system " STYRON 648 ") 100 mass parts below the 10ppm drop in the former hopper of the 1st extruder, the vacuum tightness of exhaust portion is remained under the state of 100kpa (gauge pressure) and carry out melting mixing, supply to the T pattern tool that remains on 245~250 ℃ with 200~250 ℃.
On the other hand, above-mentioned superficial layer is dropped into potpourri in the former hopper of the 2nd extruder, the vacuum tightness of exhaust portion is remained under the state of 100kpa (gauge pressure) and carry out melting mixing, supply to the T pattern tool that remains on 245~250 ℃ with 190~250 ℃.
Carry out co-extrusion modling in the mode that the resin combination of being supplied with by above-mentioned the 1st extruder becomes basic unit (8), the resin combination supplied with by above-mentioned the 2nd extruder becomes superficial layer (9) (9), make the light diffusing sheet 3 that the plywood by 3-tier architecture of thickness 2.0mm shown in Figure 3 (1.9mm of basic unit, superficial layer 0.05mm * 2) constitutes.
<embodiment 2 〉
Dow Chemical's system " STYRON 648 " is handled by manufacturing plant, thereby it is 100ppm that polystyrene (zinc contains with the form of zinc stearate) is adjusted into the zinc containing ratio, this polystyrene is used as the polystyrene that transparent resin replaces the zinc containing ratio to be adjusted into below the 10ppm, in addition, carry out similarly to Example 1, obtain the transparent resin plate of wide 50mm * long 200mm * thick 5mm, and made the light diffusing sheet that the plywood by 3-tier architecture constitutes.
Embodiment 3
" 168N " handled by manufacturing plant with BASF AG's system, thereby it is 50ppm that polystyrene (zinc contains with the form of zinc stearate) is adjusted into the zinc containing ratio, this polystyrene is used as the polystyrene that transparent resin replaces the zinc containing ratio to be adjusted into below the 10ppm, in addition, carry out similarly to Example 1, obtain the transparent resin plate of wide 50mm * long 200mm * thick 5mm, and made the light diffusing sheet that the plywood by 3-tier architecture constitutes.
Comparative example 1
" Empera 350N " handled by manufacturing plant with INEOSNOVA Chemicals corporate system, thereby it is 70ppm that polystyrene is adjusted into the zinc containing ratio, this polystyrene is used as the polystyrene that transparent resin replaces the zinc containing ratio to be adjusted into below the 10ppm, in addition, carry out similarly to Example 1, obtain the transparent resin plate of wide 50mm * long 200mm * thick 5mm, and made the light diffusing sheet that the plywood by 3-tier architecture constitutes.
Table 1
Figure BPA00001350113800161
By following assay method, each transparent resin plate that obtains is as mentioned above obtained T 600, T 400, Tt (beam split), colourity x, chromaticity y, colour difference.In addition, each light diffusing sheet that obtains is as described above obtained light transmittance (Tt) and mean luminance differences by following evaluation method.These be the results are shown in table 1.
The assay method of the assay method of the light transmittance of the assay method of the light transmittance of the light of the wavelength 600nm the among<optical path length 200m, the light of the wavelength 400nm among the optical path length 200mm, the light transmittance (Tt) of transparent resin plate 〉
4 sides (51) of grinding resulting transparent resin plate (wide 50mm * long 200mm * thick 5mm) with muller (ASAHI MEGARO corporate system " Pla Beauty 1000 ") make determination test sheet (50) (with reference to Fig. 4).Light transmittance (T when using Hitachi's system plastic properties to measure system's (constituting) to the optical path length of the transmittance 200mm of this mensurations coupons mensuration wavelength 600nm by U-4000 type spectrophotometer and large-scale sample chamber integrating sphere auxiliary equipment 600).Light transmittance (T when in addition, measuring the optical path length of transmittance 200mm of wavelength 400nm equally 400).In addition, measure light transmittance Tt (arithmetic mean of the light transmittance of the light of wavelength 380~780nm) in the optical path length of 200mm equally.
The assay method of<colourity x and chromaticity y, the computing method of colour difference 〉
Use Hitachi's system plastic properties to measure system's (being made of U-4000 type spectrophotometer and large-scale sample chamber integrating sphere auxiliary equipment) measures transmitted light to the said determination coupons colourity x and chromaticity y.Spectrophotometric light source colourity x=0.3100, y=0.3161 are by the colour difference { (Δ x) of this " light source colourity " and " colourity of transmitted light " 2+ (Δ y) 2} 1/2Estimate the colourity (whether being the tone of nature) of this transparent resin.That is, this colour difference is more little, the light from light source forwards can be thrown light on more natural tone more.
<mouldability evaluation 〉
When making transparent resin plate by the moulding of thermal pressure machine, to the metal covering of thermal pressure machine not had the situation that resin adheres to and release property is also good be made as " zero ", will have the situation that resin adheres to and release property is also poor to be made as " * " to the metal covering of thermal pressure machine.
The assay method of the light transmittance of<light diffusing sheet (Tt) 〉
The light diffusing sheet that obtains is used the Transflective rate meter HR-100 type of color technical institute system in the village measure light transmittance (Tt) as benchmark with JIS K7136.
The evaluation method of<mean luminance differences (with the luminance difference of comparative example 1) 〉
Is that vertical 110mm, perpendicular direction are that the mode of horizontal 110mm is cut into square with the light diffusing sheet that obtains as mentioned above to extrude direction (MD direction), obtains the evaluation test sheet.Then, behind liquid crystal TV set dismounting liquid crystal panel, various blooming and the light diffusing sheet of 20 inches commercially available types, the central portion of this light diffusing sheet is dug out the square of 110mm * 110mm, dig out the evaluation test sheet that part is installed above-mentioned light diffusing sheet (embodiment product, comparative example product) at this, with its with above-mentioned dismounting after the state configuration of front butt of frame portion of lamp box (inside has many fluorescent tubes to be separated from each other configuration) fix and stop up the open surface of lamp box.Then, at the overlapping 2 commercially available optical diffusion films of the leading flank of this light diffusing sheet, and then its front face side and 1 brightness raising film (Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company's system " DBEF ") are overlapped, under the state that fluorescent tube is lighted, measure its brightness with brightness measuring meter (ISYSTEM of Co., Ltd. system " Eye Scale-3W ", multiple spot nitometer).
Should illustrate that above-mentioned brightness measuring is following to carry out.Promptly, on the ground in the darkroom of constant temperature and humidity (25.0 ℃ of temperature, humidity 50.0%) liquid crystal TV set is disposed in the mode of its front face side towards top (making the back side and ground butt), dispose camera down in the top position of liquid crystal TV set in whole the mode that can photograph the liquid crystal TV set front.At this moment, distance from the front of liquid crystal TV set to camera is 120.0cm, the condition determination of brightness measuring meter is set at SPEED:1/250, GAIN:3, aperture: 16, the four corner of liquid crystal TV set front is appointed as measuring point, measure the brightness in each measuring point (51 * 51=2601 place) respectively, with the mean value of these brightness as mean flow rate (cd/m 2).
Mean luminance differences (%)={ (mean flow rate of embodiment)-(mean flow rate of comparative example 1) }/(mean flow rate of comparative example 1)
Estimate with the mean luminance differences of obtaining by the aforementioned calculation formula (%).
As shown in Table 1, with regard to the light diffusing sheet of embodiments of the invention 1~3, the T of transparent resin 600Be more than 65%, than the T of transparent resin 600Be the mean flow rate height of the light diffusing sheet of 30.9% comparative example 1, therefore, for example transmission type image display panel etc. more brightly can throw light on.
And then the containing ratio of the zinc in the transparent resin of the light diffusing sheet of embodiment 1~3 (polystyrene) is below the 150ppm, so colour difference is little, for example transmission type image display panel etc. can throw light on more natural tone.Wherein, the containing ratio of the zinc in the transparent resin below 50ppm embodiment 1 and 3 light diffusing sheet because colour difference is especially little, so can be with more natural tone illumination transmission type image display panel etc.
Utilize possibility on the industry
The light diffusing sheet that light diffusing sheet of the present invention is suitable as for planar light source device uses, but is not to be defined in especially such purposes. In addition, the backlight that planar light source device of the present invention is suitable as for transmission image display device uses, but is not to be defined in especially such purposes.

Claims (8)

1. a light diffusing sheet is characterized in that, comprises transparent resin and light diffusion particle, and during the optical path length of the transmittance 200mm of wavelength 600nm, the light transmittance of described transparent resin is more than 65%.
2. light diffusing sheet according to claim 1, wherein, described transparent resin is the composition that contains zinc compound, the containing ratio of the zinc in the said composition is below the 150ppm.
3. light diffusing sheet according to claim 2, wherein, described zinc compound is a zinc stearate.
4. according to each described light diffusing sheet in the claim 1~3, wherein, described transparent resin contains polystyrene.
5. according to each described light diffusing sheet in the claim 1~4, wherein, described smooth diffusion particle is the polymer particle more than a kind that is selected from acrylic acid series polymeric compounds particle and the siloxane-based polymers particle.
6. according to each described light diffusing sheet in the claim 1~5, wherein, the mean grain size of described smooth diffusion particle is 0.5~5 μ m, the absolute value of the difference of the refractive index of described transparent resin and the refractive index of described smooth diffusion particle is more than 0.05, and the content of the described smooth diffusion particle in the described transparent resin of per 100 mass parts is 0.1~10 mass parts.
7. a planar light source device is characterized in that, possesses each described light diffusing sheet and a plurality of light sources that are configured in the rear side of this light diffusing sheet in the claim 1~6.
8. transmission image display device, it is characterized in that, possess each described light diffusing sheet in the claim 1~6, be configured in this light diffusing sheet rear side a plurality of light sources and be configured in the transmission type image display panel of the front face side of described light diffusing sheet.
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