A kind of Intelligent building energy management system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application aspect the intelligent building energy of computer networking technology, database technology and Computer Control Technology, specifically be applicable to the energy management of To enterprises management and business characteristic.
Background technology
China's building year power consumption total amount accounts for 10% of national total flow, and energy expenditure surpasses 80,000,000,000 yuan, and unit floor area of building energy consumption ranks the first in the world; Producing these problem main causes is: 1) lack scientific and effective electric energy efficiency ladder of management, such as do not know leak that electric energy in buildings had mainly consumed somewhere, when consumed how many electric energy, waste of energy where, the chance improved has again those; 2) on electric power distribution system and power quality aspect, the unclear consumption how many reactive powers are arranged, how many power factor (PF)s of that time period is; 3) in load and equipment aspect, the resources of central air conditioner, illuminator, boiler and other power consumption loads are not understood, be in a kind of supervisor status of extensive style.
The newly-built building standard of China is all almost planned and designs according to the intelligent building standard at present.The core that intelligent building is realized is the system integration, realizes comprehensive sharing by the system integration, improves service quality and work efficiency, how soon reaches, the good province and efficient purpose.Yet, along with deepening constantly of intelligent building, the object that is managed is tending towards complicated, complicated factor mainly contains: the quantity of the unit of the isomerism of the quantity that is managed, the kind of object, tissue, physical distribution, participation tissue, the degree of service colligate etc., at this moment, the network synthesis management that is expanded to based on distribution by traditional relatively single network management is the inevitable requirement of environment.The importance of the energy management of To enterprises management simultaneously and business characteristic is also paid attention to by people gradually.
Essence about zone, groups of building and architectural resource problem of management can provide by the form of mathematical programming problem general description:
◆ objective function=MIN (the total energy consumption expense of zone, groups of building and buildings);
◆ constraint condition: the various market price and the Meteorological Elements in Chinas with energy demand, the various energy of outside infeed of zone, groups of building and buildings;
◆ decision variable: the outside selection of the energy, the running status (comprise out/stop and rate of load condensate) of equipment of feeding, the setting value of key parameter (comprising the indoor environment parameter, equipment operational factor etc.) and other influences are to the factor of system energy consumption.
Chinese invention patent application numbers 200710035773.3 discloses a kind of construction energy-conserving control method and system; this system adopts upper energy management computing machine and building energy consumption equipment networking; the unified energy real time data that gathers building energy consumption equipment; unified calculation is analyzed; and compare with energy conservation standard value in database; exceed standard and send warning, and the output control signal, connect by network and control the operation of building energy consumption device energy conservation or shut down.
Above-mentioned construction energy-conserving control method and system exist several subject matters: 1) all energy consumption datas are separated with business data processing in buildings, not yet the intelligent building conservation management is shared as information, resource and task comprehensive and the integrated management of Global Uniformity in an ingredient; The quantity of the unit of the isomerism of the quantity that 2) does not have to consider to be managed, the kind of object, tissue, physical distribution, participation tissue, the complexity factors such as degree of service colligate; 3) lack at the distribution synthesization of system, mobilism and the aspect such as intelligent and consider; 4) only carry out the energy consumption warning function, and do not carried out comprehensive consideration at aspects such as energy auditing, equipment energy consumption management, regional managing power consumption, energy forecast management and energy assessments, lacked a kind of optimal solution of building energy management.
Summary of the invention
Single for the electric energy efficiency ladder of management that overcomes existing construction energy-conserving control method and system, be separated with business data processing, the deficiency of synthesization mobilism intelligent aspect shortcoming, the invention provides a kind of have multiple administration of energy conservation means, in conjunction with business administration and business characteristic, that become more meticulous, Intelligent building energy management system mobilism, synthesization.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of Intelligent building energy management system, described Intelligent building energy management system comprises:
System's setting unit is used for managing power consumption object, administrator information are set, and system provides user authority management, notifications, system error message, system's operation note, energy consumption terminological interpretation and system parameter setting; Described system parameter setting comprise the outside selection that feeds the energy, equipment by the state of calendar plan operation and the setting value of key parameter, described key parameter comprises indoor environment parameter and equipment operational factor;
The energy consumption data acquisition unit is for the energy consumption data that gathers the managing power consumption object; Adopt the situ metrology equipment of different agreement to communicate, the related data of building various energy consumption equipments and energy-efficient equipment is gathered, and automatically show the real-time sound attitude attribute of energy consumption equipment on the simulation segment;
The energy auditing administrative unit for the power consumption state of audit managing power consumption object, comprises size and the phasing degree of reactive power; Automatically gather each energy consumption equipment real time execution parameter, and automatically be saved in database, as the abnormal operation conditions, system's automatic alarm;
The equipment energy consumption administrative unit is used for the Real-Time Monitoring take equipment as unit and management; System possesses and automatically adds up each energy consumption equipment historical data and energy form and sort out the integrated data ability, with the form of coordinate curve, form form show, output and printing;
Managing power consumption unit, zone is used for being take the zone Real-Time Monitoring and the management of unit; Described zone is single building buildings, be building group, concentrated building group or the building group of dispersion; Described regional managing power consumption unit on a time period, the data of reference time and codes and standards energy consumption compare, and draws each energy consumption equipment comparing data in the zone; Possess period data and period last year energy consumption then, the comparability between the similar energy consumption of other buildingss draws the chain rate data, and automatically generates the energy consumption report and form the managing power consumption file;
In described managing power consumption file, to the user provide each energy management group by the time, day by day, month by month, the energy consumption year by year value reporting, help the user to grasp the energy resource consumption situation of oneself, find out the energy resource consumption exceptional value; The unit area energy consumption index is reported as energy consumption statistic, energy auditing provides Data support; Temperature, the humidity function of reference help to analyze the correlativity of energy consumption data and environmental data.
The energy forecast administrative unit is used for carrying out regional energy consumption data statistics and forecast analysis according to the power consumption state of each managing power consumption object and the requirement that the unit is implemented in energy planning in the history of described energy management database and the various energy consumption datas of present stage, described energy auditing administrative unit;
Energy consumption is reported to the police and the demand control unit, is used for carrying out demand control according to load group, load and the contract capacity information of unit;
Energy assessment unit, the consumption that is used for optimizing energy scheduling and balance, energy savings and improves reactive power;
The energy planning unit is used for making rational energy application plan according to present energy operating position;
The energy management database is used for floor, managing power consumption object, gauging table, systematic parameter, key parameter, the operational plan of energy consumption equipment calendar, energy consumption master data, the expert knowledge library of storage administration person, buildings, buildings and preferentially controls energy consumption object apparatus tables of data.
Further, in described energy forecast administrative unit, providing each classification subitem energy consumption data by the time, day by day, month by month, statistical graph year by year and text form, and the chart of all kinds of relevant energy consumption indexs, all levels of management personnel compare to class's consumption, consumption per day, month consumption of the energy, analyze leak and unreasonable situation in energy use procedure, adjust energy allocation strategy; Adopt formula (1) to predict the requirements of the energy;
P
pneed=P
Nneed×(1800-t)×Δt/Δp (1)
In formula: P
PneedBe prediction energy demand value, P
NneedBe current energy demand value, Δ t/ Δ p is predictive coefficient, and Δ t for monitoring sampling time interval, unit be second, and Δ p is the variable quantity of the energy in the monitoring time interval, t predicted time interval, and unit is second;
Just need to be according to the unloading of load unloading priority level if prediction energy demand value surpasses peak value contract capacity, with the punishment that prevents from being imposed a fine or having a power failure, predetermined period is 30 minutes.
Described energy consumption report to the police and the demand control unit in, the next requirement constantly of demand control system's automatic Prediction according to load unloading priority level unloading or recover load, guarantees that system's requirement is no more than peak value contract capacity, avoids fine or has a power failure; Specific practice is: in the power load power, if during current power demand quantity convergence peak value contract capacity, need to take measures to reduce power demand quantity, demand control algorithm performing step is as follows:
With DL, load is divided into groups, a monitor node can have a plurality of load groups, but each load group necessary corresponding one or one group of contract; The control algorithm of each load group independently carries out, and DL will load according to 6 unloading grade classifications; The DL per minute is processed following flow process:
1) DL reads meter data;
2) DL interior power demand of prediction requirement cycle is set when power demand surpasses peak value contract capacity, and DL calculates the performance number that needs adjustment, and this performance number is exactly the amount that DL need to unload;
3) set when the predicted power demand surpasses peak value contract capacity, at first DL selects to unload rank is that 6 load unloads, until reach the unloading target; The equipment that DL circulation unloading can unload;
Load under following condition can not unload:
A) load is locked;
B) load is not online, or is in alarm condition;
C) load be in unloaded state or lower than the unloading rank;
D) the load operation time is less than minimum working time;
E) load is just unloaded by DL and recovers, but release time is less than the minimum restoring time;
4) if the unloading rank is that 6 load is all unloaded, DL begins to unload the load than the little one-level of this rank, namely unloads load and be 5 load, until meet the demands;
5) if the unloading rank is that 5 load is all unloaded, it is 4 load that DL begins to unload rank, until meet the demands; Until the unloading rank is 1 load;
6) if the load that unloading all can unload still can not meet the demands, DL produces alert notice;
7) each load has in attribute short landing to carry the time, and DL is unloaded time of each load relatively, and when meeting the demands, DL can recover load, and the order of recovering load is opposite with unloading;
DL load under run mode picture group and the load detailed map, click the load group and can check that the service data of this load group shows and the powertrace in the requirement cycle, can check each load condition in the load detailed map, simultaneously load is controlled, the grouping information of DL leaves in described preferential control energy consumption object apparatus tables of data.
In described energy assessment unit, rely on Implementation of Expert System off-line, inline diagnosis and automatically restoring fault, according to the energy consumption equipment Changing Pattern, automatic diagnosis energy consumption disease, and provide energy-conservation report and power consumption prompting; Also include relevant energy management country and local regulation standard in described energy assessment unit; Foundation is in order to the minimized energy signature system of the total energy consumption expense of feasible region, groups of building and buildings,, i.e. the total energy consumption expense of zoning, groups of building and buildings.
Described power consumption prompting, the user is by the self-defined various power consumption types of man-machine interface, and the transmission, the confirmation that possess the power consumption event are processed and record the file function, and information can be sent to the user by different modes such as Email, note, specific printers.
In described energy signature system, amounting to into standard unit for the operating position of the variety classes energy compares with comprehensive, need to set up the energy of fuel oil, fire coal, combustion gas and use electric power and amount to relation, the conversion of enterprise energy consumption value is the primary energy consumption amounts and relative CO such as heat, standard coal equivalent and crude oil, raw coal
2Burst size, and the described energy amount to relation dynamic, along with the change of energy market is adjusted.
Described energy planning unit forms the managing power consumption file; According to present energy operating position, make energy application plan; According to energy user demand, work out energy buying, production, supply plan.
In described energy management database, by diverse network and agreement, described energy consumption data acquisition unit is kept at the energy consumption master data that gathers in corresponding table, described energy auditing administrative unit, described equipment energy consumption administrative unit, described regional managing power consumption unit, described energy forecast administrative unit, described energy consumption is reported to the police and demand control unit, described energy assessment unit and described energy planning unit read relevant information and data and calculate accordingly from described energy consumption data storehouse, realizes monitoring and the management of energy consumption.
Between unit, the exchange of data is supported diverse network and agreement with communicating by letter, and comprises interface and the agreements such as RS485,232, OPC, Bacnet, Lonwork.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: have multiple administration of energy conservation means, in conjunction with business administration and business characteristic, have advantages of become more meticulous, mobilism, synthesization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for to carry out building energy management concept figure by peak load shifting;
Fig. 2 is the formation block diagram of Intelligent building energy management system;
Fig. 3 is a kind of intelligent building energy management data list structure and graph of a relation;
Fig. 4 is a kind of graph of a relation of each subsystem of intelligent building energy management.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
with reference to Fig. 1~Fig. 4, a kind of Intelligent building energy management system comprises be used to the managing power consumption object is set, system's setting unit of the relevant informations such as supvr, be used for gathering the energy consumption data acquisition unit of managing power consumption object, the energy auditing administrative unit that is used for audit managing power consumption object, for the Real-Time Monitoring take equipment as unit and the equipment energy consumption administrative unit of management, be used for take the zone being the regional managing power consumption unit of real-time detection and the management of unit, be used for carrying out energy consumption data statistics and the energy forecast administrative unit of analyzing, be used for the load group according to unit, load and contract capacity information carry out energy consumption warning and the demand control unit of demand control, be used for optimizing energy scheduling and balance, energy savings and the energy assessment unit that improves the consumption of reactive power, be used for making according to the present energy operating position energy planning unit of rational energy application plan, be used for storage administration person, buildings, the floor of buildings, the managing power consumption object, gauging table, systematic parameter, key parameter, the operational plan of energy consumption equipment calendar, the energy consumption master data, expert knowledge library, the energy consumption data storehouse of preferential control energy consumption object apparatus tables of data etc., the annexation of each unit is as shown in Figure 4,
Described system setting unit is used for the relevant informations such as managing power consumption object, supvr are set, and system provides the functions such as user authority management, system comrade, system error message, system's operation note, energy consumption terminological interpretation and system parameter setting; Described system parameter setting has comprised the selection of the outside infeed energy, the state (comprise out/stop and rate of load condensate) by calendar plan operation of equipment, the setting value of key parameter (comprising the indoor environment parameter, equipment operational factor etc.) and other influences are to the factor of system energy consumption;
Described energy consumption data acquisition unit is for the energy consumption data that gathers the managing power consumption object; The requirement system adopts the situ metrology equipment of different agreement to communicate, and the related data of building various energy consumption equipments and energy-efficient equipment is gathered, and automatically show the real-time sound attitude attribute of energy consumption equipment on the simulation segment;
Described energy auditing administrative unit for the power consumption state of audit managing power consumption object, comprises size and the phasing degree of reactive power; Automatically gather each energy consumption equipment real time execution parameter, and automatically be saved in database, as the abnormal operation conditions, system's automatic alarm;
Described equipment energy consumption administrative unit is used for the Real-Time Monitoring take equipment as unit and management; System possesses and automatically adds up each energy consumption equipment historical data and energy form and sort out the integrated data ability, with the form of coordinate curve, form form show, output and printing;
Described regional managing power consumption unit is used for being take the zone Real-Time Monitoring and the management of unit; Described zone can be single building buildings, can be also building group; Can be the building group of concentrating, can be also the building group that disperses; Described regional managing power consumption unit on a time period, the data of reference time and codes and standards energy consumption compare, and draws each energy consumption equipment comparing data in the zone; Possess period data and period last year energy consumption then, the comparability between the similar energy consumption of other buildingss draws the chain rate data, and automatically generates the energy consumption report and form the managing power consumption file;
Described managing power consumption file, be used for to the user provide each energy management group by the time, day by day, month by month, the energy consumption year by year value reporting, help the user to grasp the energy resource consumption situation of oneself, find out the energy resource consumption exceptional value; The multiple relevant energy consumption indexs such as unit area energy consumption (EUI) are reported as energy consumption statistic, energy auditing provides Data support; Temperature, the humidity function of reference help to analyze the correlativity of energy consumption data and environmental data, help managerial personnel to analyze and seek energy-conservation approaches and methods;
Described energy forecast administrative unit is used for described zone is carried out the energy consumption data statistics and analyzed; Providing each classification subitem energy consumption data by the time, day by day, month by month, statistical graph year by year and text form, and the chart of all kinds of relevant energy consumption indexs, all levels of management personnel compare to class's consumption, consumption per day, month consumption of the energy, analyze leak and unreasonable situation in energy use procedure, adjust energy allocation strategy; Adopt formula (1) to predict the requirements of the energy in the present invention;
P
pneed=P
Nneed×(1800-t)×Δt/Δp (1)
In formula: P
PneedBe prediction energy demand value, P
NneedFor current energy demand value, Δ t/ Δ p are predictive coefficient, Δ t for monitoring sampling time interval (unit for second), Δ p are the variable quantity of the energy in the monitoring time interval, t predicted time interval (unit is second);
Just need to be according to the unloading of load unloading priority level if prediction energy demand value surpasses peak value contract capacity, with the punishment that prevents from being imposed a fine or having a power failure, predetermined period is 30 minutes;
Described energy consumption is reported to the police and the demand control unit, is used for carrying out demand control according to load group, load and the contract capacity information of unit; The next requirement constantly of demand control system automatic Prediction unloads or recovers load according to load unloading priority level, guarantees that system's requirement is no more than peak value contract capacity, avoids fine or has a power failure; Specific practice is: in the power load power, as shown in Figure 1, if during current power demand quantity convergence peak value contract capacity, need to take measures to reduce power demand quantity, demand control algorithm performing step is as follows:
With DL, load is divided into groups, a monitor node can have a plurality of load groups, but each load group necessary corresponding one or one group of contract; The control algorithm of each load group independently carries out, and DL will load according to 6 unloading grade classifications;
Described 6 unloading grade classifications are with reference to preferential unloading machine energy supply table, and are as shown in table 1;
Table 1
At first by Unloading Control object load is divided into groups, login by priority in described preferential unloading machine energy supply table; A plurality of machines in load group, capacity, the circulation of inputting simultaneously them stop may the time, take the load group as unit unload together the possible time and the priority in the unloading situation is logined.
The DL per minute is processed following flow process:
1) DL reads meter data;
2) DL interior power demand of prediction requirement cycle is set when power demand surpasses peak value contract capacity, and DL calculates the performance number that needs adjustment, and this performance number is exactly the amount that DL need to unload;
3) set when the predicted power demand surpasses peak value contract capacity, at first DL selects to unload rank is that 6 load unloads, until reach the unloading target; The equipment that DL circulation unloading can unload;
Load under following condition can not unload:
A) load is locked;
B) load is not online, or is in alarm condition;
C) load be in unloaded state or lower than the unloading rank;
D) the load operation time is less than minimum working time;
E) load is just unloaded by DL and recovers, but release time is less than the minimum restoring time;
4) if the unloading rank is that 6 load is all unloaded, DL begins to unload the load than the little one-level of this rank, namely unloads load and be 5 load, until meet the demands;
5) if the unloading rank is that 5 load is all unloaded, it is 4 load that DL begins to unload rank, until meet the demands; Until the unloading rank is 1 load;
6) if the load that unloading all can unload still can not meet the demands, DL produces alert notice;
7) each load has in attribute short landing to carry the time, and DL is unloaded time of each load relatively, and when meeting the demands, DL can recover load, and the order of recovering load is opposite with unloading;
DL load under run mode picture group and the load detailed map, click the load group and can check that the service data of this load group shows and the powertrace in the requirement cycle, can check each load condition in the load detailed map, simultaneously load is controlled, the grouping information of DL leaves in described preferential control energy consumption object apparatus tables of data;
Described energy assessment unit, the consumption that is used for optimizing energy scheduling and balance, energy savings and improves reactive power; The main functions such as Implementation of Expert System off-line, inline diagnosis and automatically restoring fault that rely on, according to the energy consumption equipment Changing Pattern, automatic diagnosis energy consumption disease, and provide energy-conservation report and power consumption prompting; Also include relevant energy management country and local regulation standard in described energy assessment unit; Consider the energy structure problem, set up energy signature system, with minimizing of the total energy consumption expense of feasible region, groups of building and buildings, namely calculate MIN (the total energy consumption expense of zone, groups of building and buildings);
Described power consumption prompting, the user is by the self-defined various power consumption types of man-machine interface, and the transmission, the confirmation that possess the power consumption event are processed and record the file function, and information can be sent to the user by different modes such as Email, note, specific printers;
Described energy signature system, being used for amounting to into standard unit for the operating position of the variety classes energy compares with comprehensive, need to set up the energy of fuel oil, fire coal, combustion gas and use electric power and amount to relation, enterprise energy consumption value conversion is the primary energy consumption amounts and relative CO2 burst size such as heat (MJ), standard coal equivalent and crude oil, raw coal, and that this relation needs is dynamic, along with the change of energy market is carried out in time adjusting;
Described energy planning unit is used for making rational energy application plan according to present energy operating position, forms the managing power consumption file; According to present energy operating position, make energy application plan; According to energy user demand, work out energy buying, production, supply plan, accomplishing to produce has purpose, uses planned, aspect the energy guarantee produce steadily and the energy use reasonable, thrifty, the phenomenon that avoids waste generation;
described energy consumption data storehouse is used for floor, managing power consumption object, gauging table, systematic parameter, key parameter, the operational plan of energy consumption equipment calendar, energy consumption master data and the expert knowledge library of storage administration person, buildings, buildings, preferentially controls information or the data such as energy consumption object apparatus tables of data, described energy consumption data storehouse is kept at described energy consumption data acquisition unit in corresponding table with the energy consumption master data that gathers by diverse network and agreement, described energy auditing administrative unit, described equipment energy consumption administrative unit, described regional managing power consumption unit, described energy forecast administrative unit, described energy consumption is reported to the police and the demand control unit, described energy assessment unit and described energy planning unit read relevant information and data and calculate accordingly from described energy consumption data storehouse, realize monitoring and the management of energy consumption, in the intelligent building energy management, general data list structure and graph of a relation are as shown in Figure 3,
System supports diverse network and agreement to comprise interface and the agreements such as RS485,232, OPC, Bacnet, Lonwork, and compatible existing all standard agreements in industry in the software of system need not be changed platform and get final product integrated all gauging tables and control performance element.
By the construction of Intelligent building energy management system, can not only effectively solve energy Real-time Balancing management and supervision management, can also be by filing and the management to a large amount of historical datas, for further data being excavated, analyze, are processed and processing creating conditions.